X-Git-Url: https://git.sesse.net/?p=backup.sh;a=blobdiff_plain;f=backup.sh;h=a76baf99d8432b6d2dcac06d77b95ebf6d4bf568;hp=ee6e98b8ed3a5996cd611adcbb1a82b860efc64b;hb=0fd93f28df10578e1e485e6883b6b832daf245c5;hpb=04a3b7c0ac261b4aff1e21eb6947eb4b58c5df3b diff --git a/backup.sh b/backup.sh index ee6e98b..a76baf9 100755 --- a/backup.sh +++ b/backup.sh @@ -1,12 +1,58 @@ -#!/bin/sh - -# Locking +#!/bin/bash +# backup.sh +# +# Backup up Unix-like computers +# +# itk@samfundet.no +# +# This script was first checked into RCS in 2000, and has since backed up a few +# servers almost every day, whenever not broken. +# +# It's a bit peculiar, but quite effective. The following is worth keeping in +# mind when hacking: +# +# KISS. And by that I mean really simple. Only regular Unix commands, please +# (but GNU extensions are used and moreutils has to be installed). +# +# Because of the way we run this script from cron, informational logging goes +# to stderr and warnings and errors to stdout. This way, we get mail whenever +# stuff fails, and other output is redirected to the log file. +# +# The computers are backed up in parallel (but the filesystems on each +# computer in serial). This is implemented highly simplistic, with forking +# subshells. The script has no concept about threads, and stuff might go wrong, +# which usually requires manual cleanups. +# +# The script is halfway Norwegian and halfway English. Newer modifications are +# in English, we should probably stick to that. +# +# Known issues: +# +# o $R has no proper meaning because of the forking subshell stuff. We need a +# more robust way of returning non-zero on errors, which we probably don't +# right now. +# + +# Configuration LOCKFILE=/home/backup/backuprun.lockfile +confdir=/home/backup/conf/ # Configuration files +storagedir=/backup # Where we keep backups +maksantallfulle=3 # Number of full backups +dagermellomfulle=30 # Days between full backups +dagermellomfulleforfast=32 # Days between full backups for machines with fixed + # full-backup date (in case the fixed day gets missed) +DAY_OF_MONTH=`date "+%d" | sed s/^0//` # from 1 to 31 +DATE=`date "+%Y%m%d%H%M"` #format: touch +DATEs=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` #format: tar + +# Exclude-pattern +exclude=$confdir/exclude +[ ! -f $exclude ] && printf "tmp\ncore\n" > $exclude # Initially, we consider everything to be just fine. R=0 -# Die gracefully (ie. remove lockfile) +# Die more or less gracefully (at least notify user) die() { echo `date`": Something nasty happened, and since I fork a lot:" echo `date`": I CANNOT CLEAN UP THE MESS MYSELF." @@ -19,20 +65,12 @@ trap die SIGINT SIGTERM # Don't start if we're already running if [ -e $LOCKFILE ]; then - echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists, exiting." + echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`, exiting." + echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`, exiting." >&2 exit 1 fi; touch $LOCKFILE - -#dirs -confdir=/home/backup/conf/ #configuration files -storagedir=/backup #mountpoint of huge disc -### - -#exclude-pattern -exclude=$confdir/exclude -[ ! -f $exclude ] && printf "tmp\ncore\n" > $exclude -### +echo $$ > $LOCKFILE #syntax of remotestat: #hostname:/directory/ @@ -43,7 +81,6 @@ remotestatf=$confdir/remotestat PATH=/local/bin:$PATH:/store/bin export PATH -#start the logfile echo `date`": Backup run starting" >&2 umask 027 @@ -58,16 +95,6 @@ if [ $1 ] ; then unixcomputers=$1 fi; -#disse bør kunne varieres fra fs til fs? -maksantallfulle=3 #hvor mange fulle vi tar vare på -dagermellomfulle=30 #antall dager før det er på tide med ny full -logw=40 -### - -#lager datovariabeler -DATE=`date "+%Y%m%d%H%M"` #format: touch -DATEs=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` #format: tar -### #selve backupen # krever at noen variabler er satt @@ -76,7 +103,7 @@ backup() { echo -n `date` >&2 - printf " $computer: %-${logw}s %s\n" "$computer:$filesystem" "$backuplevel backup" >&2 + printf " $computer: $computer:$filesystem $backuplevel backup\n" >&2 if [ "$backuplevel" = "daglig" ] || [ "$backuplevel" = "incremental" ] then @@ -86,50 +113,43 @@ backup() lastcmd="" fi - #if this client has a special tar - #we need to find a better solution to this conf-issue - if [ -f $confdir/tar.$computer ] ; then - tar=`cat $confdir/tar.$computer` - else - tar=tar - fi - - #expand the exclude-path for use with tar + # expand the exclude-path for use with tar exf=`ssh root@$computer "ls ~/.backup/exclude"` - #We try to run tar on the remote computer + # We try to run tar on the remote computer # z gzip it # c create archive # C change to directory first - # - output to stdout (we pipe to gzip, then to dd) # . where to start taring (see C) # $lastcmd only files newer than this + # --one-file-system don't traverse file systems # --exclude-from file to get exclusion pattern from - # pipe to gzip, which in turn pipes over the ssh-stream - # ..to dd, to output to a file. We surpress messages from dd. - # And at last, redirect stderr to stdout, to get output logged. + # Pipe the stuff over ssh to ourselves, run pee to cat the contents to a + # file and build a file list, respectivly. TARFILE=$DATE.tmp - TARCMD="ssh root@$computer \"$tar --one-file-system -zcf - -C $filesystem . $lastcmd \ - --exclude-from=$exf\" > $TARFILE" + TARCMD="ssh root@$computer \"nice -n 19 ionice -c3 tar --one-file-system -zcf - -C $filesystem . $lastcmd \ + --exclude-from=$exf\" | pee \"cat > $TARFILE\" \"tar tzvf -\"" echo `date`" $computer: Running $TARCMD" >&2 + eval $TARCMD > $DATE.idx + + if [ -s $TARFILE ]; then + # File is >0 in size, we assume it worked. - if eval $TARCMD; then + # Move tar file in place mv $TARFILE $DATE.tgz - #make a filelist. - #update the datefile if the filelist is ok. - tar tvfz $DATE.tgz > $DATE.idx 2>&1 && - echo $DATEs > ../.date && - touch -t $DATE ../.date - #make a sortet filelist - grep -v ^d $DATE.idx | sort -n -r +2 > $DATE.sdx + # Update timestamp + echo $DATEs > ../.date && touch -t $DATE ../.date - #fix perm + # Make a sorted filelist as well + sort -k6 < $DATE.idx > $DATE.sdx + + # Fix permissions chmod 600 *tgz #only for us chmod 644 *sdx *idx 2>/dev/null #everyone can read else - #it did not work + # Something wrong happened. rm $TARFILE echo `date`" $computer: $TARFILE empty. $backuplevel backup of $computer:$filesystem failed and deleted" @@ -139,10 +159,18 @@ backup() } -#Løper gjennom listen av unixmaskiner som vi skal ta backup av for computer in $unixcomputers do ( + # Check that the target filesystem is mounted (actually check that it's not + # the root filesystem) + rootfilesystem=`df -P /` + targetfilesystem=`df -P "$storagedir/$computer"` + if [ "$rootfilesystem" == "$targetfilesystem" ]; then + echo `date`" $computer: Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) was mounted on /. Aborting" + continue + fi + echo `date`" $computer: Backing up $computer" >&2 # Try to SSH to the computer without entering a password. @@ -155,51 +183,47 @@ do continue; fi - #tømmer variabelen for sikkerhets skyld filesystems="" - #Sjekker nest siste felt i fstab. Om det er 0 tar vi ikke backup + # Check dump bit in fstab filesystems=`ssh -n root@$computer "cat /etc/fstab" \ | grep -v nfs \ | grep -v "^#" \ | grep -v "^$" \ | awk '{ if ( $(NF-1) != "0" ) print $2}' ` - #clean up our dir at this client + # Clean up our dir at this client if ! ssh root@$computer "rm -r ~/.backup ; mkdir -m 700 ~/.backup"; then echo `date`" $computer: Could not create backup staging area at $computer:~/.backup - skipping backup of $computer" - # We don't want to return 0 R=1 continue; fi - #try to copy $exclude to $computer + # Try to copy $exclude to $computer if ! scp $exclude root@$computer:~/.backup/exclude > /dev/null; then echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy exclude.txt to $computer - skipping backup of $computer" - # We don't want to return 0 R=1 continue; fi - #try to copy preeexec and postexec if they exist -# TODO: Gah, clean this mess! - [ -f $confdir/preexec.$computer ] && ( - scp $confdir/preexec.$computer root@$computer:~/.backup/preexec || - ( echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy preexec.$computer to $computer:~/.backup/preexec - skipping backup of $computer" - R=1 - continue - ) - ) - [ -f $confdir/postexec.$computer ] && ( - scp $confdir/postexec.$computer root@$computer:~/.backup/postexec || - ( echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy postexec.$computer to $computer:~/.backup/postexec - skipping backup of $computer" - R=1 - continue - ) - ) - - #try to run preexec if it exist - if ! ssh root@$computer "[ -f ~/.backup/preexec ] && /bin/bash -x ~/.backup/preexec" >&2; then + # Try to copy preeexec and postexec if they exist + if [ -f $confdir/preexec.$computer ]; then + if ! scp $confdir/preexec.$computer root@$computer:~/.backup/preexec >&2; then + echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy preexec.$computer to $computer:~/.backup/preexec - skipping backup of $computer" + R=1 + continue + fi + fi + if [ -f $confdir/postexec.$computer ]; then + if ! scp $confdir/postexec.$computer root@$computer:~/.backup/postexec >&2; then + echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy postexec.$computer to $computer:~/.backup/postexec - skipping backup of $computer" + R=1 + continue + fi + fi + + # Try to run preexec if it exist + if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f ~/.backup/preexec ] || /bin/bash -x ~/.backup/preexec" >&2; then echo `date`" $computer: Could not run $computer:~/.backup/preexec - skipping backup of $computer" R=1 continue @@ -208,69 +232,83 @@ do for filesystem in $filesystems do - #lager en variant uten tegnet "/" eller $ (gjelder NT) + # Remove / and $ (for Windows) for path names sfilesystem=`echo $filesystem | tr '\/\$' '__'` - #lager det som trengs av kataloger + # Prepare storage area mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/{full,daglig} 2>/dev/null - echo $filesystem > ${storagedir}/${computer}/.${sfilesystem}.name chmod 644 ${storagedir}/${computer}/.${sfilesystem}.name - #set default backuplevel + # Default backuplevel backuplevel=daglig if [ ! -f $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date ] then - #take the first full backup of this filesystem on this computer + # Take the first full backup of this filesystem on this computer backuplevel=full echo $DATEs > $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date fi - #sjekker om det er på tide med en full - if [ -z "`find $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/ -name \*tgz -mtime -$dagermellomfulle`" ]; then + # Check if we want a full backup - Debug statement that causes noise in cron mail: + # printf " $computer $filesystem: $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem\n" + if [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem ]; then + fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$dagermellomfulleforfast + if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem`" ]; then + backuplevel=full + fi + elif [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer ]; then + fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$dagermellomfulleforfast + if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer`" ]; then + backuplevel=full + fi + else + fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$dagermellomfulle + fi + + if [ -z "`find $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/ -name \*tgz -mtime -$fullbackup_min_for_this_machine`" ]; then backuplevel=full fi - - #gå ned i rett katalog, eller dø - # TODO bør sende mail om dette skjer! + + # We want to be here cd $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevel || die - #perform the actual backup + # Perform the actual backup backup - # Sjekk om det skal være et annet antall fulle backuper av en boks + # Check if this box has a custom number of full backups if [ -f $confdir/maksfulle.$computer ] ; then mf=$((`cat $confdir/maksfulle.$computer`+1)) else mf=$(($maksantallfulle+1)) fi - #delete complete backups - for full in `ls -1t $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail +$mf` + # Delete old full backups + for full in `ls -1t $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -n +$mf` do prefix=`echo $full | sed "s/\.[^.]*$//"` - echo `date`": $computer:$filesystem sletter full $prefix (for mange)" >&2 + echo `date`": $computer:$filesystem Deleting full backup $prefix" >&2 rm $prefix* done - #delete incremental backups older than the oldest complete backup + # Delete incremental backups older than the oldest full backup oldf=`ls -t1 $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -1` find \ $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig \ -type f \ \! -newer $oldf \ - -exec rm {} \; + -printf "`date`: $computer: Deleting old incremental backup: %p\n" \ + -exec rm {} \; >&2 done - #try to run postexec if it exist - if ! ssh root@$computer "[ -f ~/.backup/postexec ] && /bin/bash -x ~/.backup/postexec" >&2; then + # Try to run postexec if it exist + if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f ~/.backup/postexec ] || /bin/bash -x ~/.backup/postexec" >&2; then echo `date`" $computer: Could not run $computer:~/.backup/postexec" R=1 fi -) -done & +) & +done wait @@ -279,7 +317,7 @@ rm $LOCKFILE # Did anything go wrong? # (IMPORTANT NOTE: The R-business does not work as expected, since this script -# forks itself. +# forks itself). if [ $R != 0 ]; then echo `date`": Backup run ended with errors, check logs." exit 1