]> git.sesse.net Git - movit/blobdiff - effect_chain.cpp
Redo FBO association yet again, this time per-texture.
[movit] / effect_chain.cpp
index f324d1d9c7e4bf8c5b1da66fba861de9276da061..ca6a7775eb56de0aab5b2e43dbe53a8003c34aaf 100644 (file)
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <set>
 #include <stack>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "alpha_division_effect.h"
 #include "resource_pool.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
+namespace movit {
+
 EffectChain::EffectChain(float aspect_nom, float aspect_denom, ResourcePool *resource_pool)
        : aspect_nom(aspect_nom),
          aspect_denom(aspect_denom),
@@ -44,13 +49,19 @@ EffectChain::EffectChain(float aspect_nom, float aspect_denom, ResourcePool *res
 EffectChain::~EffectChain()
 {
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < nodes.size(); ++i) {
-               if (nodes[i]->output_texture != 0) {
-                       glDeleteTextures(1, &nodes[i]->output_texture);
-               }
                delete nodes[i]->effect;
                delete nodes[i];
        }
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < phases.size(); ++i) {
+               glBindVertexArray(phases[i]->vao);
+               check_error();
+
+               cleanup_vertex_attribute(phases[i]->glsl_program_num, "position", phases[i]->position_vbo);
+               cleanup_vertex_attribute(phases[i]->glsl_program_num, "texcoord", phases[i]->texcoord_vbo);
+
+               glBindVertexArray(0);
+               check_error();
+
                resource_pool->release_glsl_program(phases[i]->glsl_program_num);
                delete phases[i];
        }
@@ -86,10 +97,10 @@ Node *EffectChain::add_node(Effect *effect)
        node->output_color_space = COLORSPACE_INVALID;
        node->output_gamma_curve = GAMMA_INVALID;
        node->output_alpha_type = ALPHA_INVALID;
-       node->output_texture = 0;
 
        nodes.push_back(node);
        node_map[effect] = node;
+       effect->inform_added(this);
        return node;
 }
 
@@ -147,7 +158,16 @@ void EffectChain::insert_node_between(Node *sender, Node *middle, Node *receiver
        assert(middle->incoming_links.size() == middle->effect->num_inputs());
 }
 
-void EffectChain::find_all_nonlinear_inputs(Node *node, std::vector<Node *> *nonlinear_inputs)
+GLenum EffectChain::get_input_sampler(Node *node, unsigned input_num) const
+{
+       assert(node->effect->needs_texture_bounce());
+       assert(input_num < node->incoming_links.size());
+       assert(node->incoming_links[input_num]->bound_sampler_num >= 0);
+       assert(node->incoming_links[input_num]->bound_sampler_num < 8);
+       return GL_TEXTURE0 + node->incoming_links[input_num]->bound_sampler_num;
+}
+
+void EffectChain::find_all_nonlinear_inputs(Node *node, vector<Node *> *nonlinear_inputs)
 {
        if (node->output_gamma_curve == GAMMA_LINEAR &&
            node->effect->effect_type_id() != "GammaCompressionEffect") {
@@ -163,7 +183,7 @@ void EffectChain::find_all_nonlinear_inputs(Node *node, std::vector<Node *> *non
        }
 }
 
-Effect *EffectChain::add_effect(Effect *effect, const std::vector<Effect *> &inputs)
+Effect *EffectChain::add_effect(Effect *effect, const vector<Effect *> &inputs)
 {
        assert(!finalized);
        assert(inputs.size() == effect->num_inputs());
@@ -176,15 +196,15 @@ Effect *EffectChain::add_effect(Effect *effect, const std::vector<Effect *> &inp
 }
 
 // GLSL pre-1.30 doesn't support token pasting. Replace PREFIX(x) with <effect_id>_x.
-std::string replace_prefix(const std::string &text, const std::string &prefix)
+string replace_prefix(const string &text, const string &prefix)
 {
-       std::string output;
+       string output;
        size_t start = 0;
 
        while (start < text.size()) {
                size_t pos = text.find("PREFIX(", start);
-               if (pos == std::string::npos) {
-                       output.append(text.substr(start, std::string::npos));
+               if (pos == string::npos) {
+                       output.append(text.substr(start, string::npos));
                        break;
                }
 
@@ -216,45 +236,32 @@ std::string replace_prefix(const std::string &text, const std::string &prefix)
        return output;
 }
 
-Phase *EffectChain::compile_glsl_program(
-       const std::vector<Node *> &inputs,
-       const std::vector<Node *> &effects)
+void EffectChain::compile_glsl_program(Phase *phase)
 {
-       Phase *phase = new Phase;
-       assert(!effects.empty());
-
-       // Deduplicate the inputs.
-       std::vector<Node *> true_inputs = inputs;
-       std::sort(true_inputs.begin(), true_inputs.end());
-       true_inputs.erase(std::unique(true_inputs.begin(), true_inputs.end()), true_inputs.end());
-
-       bool input_needs_mipmaps = false;
-       std::string frag_shader = read_file("header.frag");
+       string frag_shader = read_file("header.frag");
 
        // Create functions for all the texture inputs that we need.
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < true_inputs.size(); ++i) {
-               Node *input = true_inputs[i];
+       for (unsigned i = 0; i < phase->inputs.size(); ++i) {
+               Node *input = phase->inputs[i]->output_node;
                char effect_id[256];
                sprintf(effect_id, "in%u", i);
-               phase->effect_ids.insert(std::make_pair(input, effect_id));
+               phase->effect_ids.insert(make_pair(input, effect_id));
        
-               frag_shader += std::string("uniform sampler2D tex_") + effect_id + ";\n";
-               frag_shader += std::string("vec4 ") + effect_id + "(vec2 tc) {\n";
-               frag_shader += "\treturn texture2D(tex_" + std::string(effect_id) + ", tc);\n";
+               frag_shader += string("uniform sampler2D tex_") + effect_id + ";\n";
+               frag_shader += string("vec4 ") + effect_id + "(vec2 tc) {\n";
+               frag_shader += "\treturn texture2D(tex_" + string(effect_id) + ", tc);\n";
                frag_shader += "}\n";
                frag_shader += "\n";
        }
 
-       std::vector<Node *> sorted_effects = topological_sort(effects);
-
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < sorted_effects.size(); ++i) {
-               Node *node = sorted_effects[i];
+       for (unsigned i = 0; i < phase->effects.size(); ++i) {
+               Node *node = phase->effects[i];
                char effect_id[256];
                sprintf(effect_id, "eff%u", i);
-               phase->effect_ids.insert(std::make_pair(node, effect_id));
+               phase->effect_ids.insert(make_pair(node, effect_id));
 
                if (node->incoming_links.size() == 1) {
-                       frag_shader += std::string("#define INPUT ") + phase->effect_ids[node->incoming_links[0]] + "\n";
+                       frag_shader += string("#define INPUT ") + phase->effect_ids[node->incoming_links[0]] + "\n";
                } else {
                        for (unsigned j = 0; j < node->incoming_links.size(); ++j) {
                                char buf[256];
@@ -264,7 +271,7 @@ Phase *EffectChain::compile_glsl_program(
                }
        
                frag_shader += "\n";
-               frag_shader += std::string("#define FUNCNAME ") + effect_id + "\n";
+               frag_shader += string("#define FUNCNAME ") + effect_id + "\n";
                frag_shader += replace_prefix(node->effect->output_convenience_uniforms(), effect_id);
                frag_shader += replace_prefix(node->effect->output_fragment_shader(), effect_id);
                frag_shader += "#undef PREFIX\n";
@@ -279,24 +286,32 @@ Phase *EffectChain::compile_glsl_program(
                        }
                }
                frag_shader += "\n";
-
-               input_needs_mipmaps |= node->effect->needs_mipmaps();
        }
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < sorted_effects.size(); ++i) {
-               Node *node = sorted_effects[i];
-               if (node->effect->num_inputs() == 0) {
-                       CHECK(node->effect->set_int("needs_mipmaps", input_needs_mipmaps));
-               }
-       }
-       frag_shader += std::string("#define INPUT ") + phase->effect_ids[sorted_effects.back()] + "\n";
+       frag_shader += string("#define INPUT ") + phase->effect_ids[phase->effects.back()] + "\n";
        frag_shader.append(read_file("footer.frag"));
 
        phase->glsl_program_num = resource_pool->compile_glsl_program(read_file("vs.vert"), frag_shader);
-       phase->input_needs_mipmaps = input_needs_mipmaps;
-       phase->inputs = true_inputs;
-       phase->effects = sorted_effects;
 
-       return phase;
+       // Prepare the geometry for the fullscreen quad used in this phase.
+       // (We have separate VAOs per shader, since the bindings can in theory
+       // be different.)
+       float vertices[] = {
+               0.0f, 1.0f,
+               0.0f, 0.0f,
+               1.0f, 1.0f,
+               1.0f, 0.0f
+       };
+
+       glGenVertexArrays(1, &phase->vao);
+       check_error();
+       glBindVertexArray(phase->vao);
+       check_error();
+
+       phase->position_vbo = fill_vertex_attribute(phase->glsl_program_num, "position", 2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(vertices), vertices);
+       phase->texcoord_vbo = fill_vertex_attribute(phase->glsl_program_num, "texcoord", 2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(vertices), vertices);  // Same as vertices.
+
+       glBindVertexArray(0);
+       check_error();
 }
 
 // Construct GLSL programs, starting at the given effect and following
@@ -306,128 +321,118 @@ Phase *EffectChain::compile_glsl_program(
 // and of course at the end.
 //
 // We follow a quite simple depth-first search from the output, although
-// without any explicit recursion.
-void EffectChain::construct_glsl_programs(Node *output)
+// without recursing explicitly within each phase.
+Phase *EffectChain::construct_phase(Node *output, map<Node *, Phase *> *completed_effects)
 {
-       // Which effects have already been completed?
-       // We need to keep track of it, as an effect with multiple outputs
-       // could otherwise be calculated multiple times.
-       std::set<Node *> completed_effects;
+       if (completed_effects->count(output)) {
+               return (*completed_effects)[output];
+       }
 
-       // Effects in the current phase, as well as inputs (outputs from other phases
-       // that we depend on). Note that since we start iterating from the end,
-       // the effect list will be in the reverse order.
-       std::vector<Node *> this_phase_inputs;
-       std::vector<Node *> this_phase_effects;
+       Phase *phase = new Phase;
+       phase->output_node = output;
 
        // Effects that we have yet to calculate, but that we know should
        // be in the current phase.
-       std::stack<Node *> effects_todo_this_phase;
-
-       // Effects that we have yet to calculate, but that come from other phases.
-       // We delay these until we have this phase done in its entirety,
-       // at which point we pick any of them and start a new phase from that.
-       std::stack<Node *> effects_todo_other_phases;
-
+       stack<Node *> effects_todo_this_phase;
        effects_todo_this_phase.push(output);
 
-       for ( ;; ) {  // Termination condition within loop.
-               if (!effects_todo_this_phase.empty()) {
-                       // OK, we have more to do this phase.
-                       Node *node = effects_todo_this_phase.top();
-                       effects_todo_this_phase.pop();
-
-                       // This should currently only happen for effects that are inputs
-                       // (either true inputs or phase outputs). We special-case inputs,
-                       // and then deduplicate phase outputs in compile_glsl_program().
-                       if (node->effect->num_inputs() == 0) {
-                               if (find(this_phase_effects.begin(), this_phase_effects.end(), node) != this_phase_effects.end()) {
-                                       continue;
-                               }
-                       } else {
-                               assert(completed_effects.count(node) == 0);
+       while (!effects_todo_this_phase.empty()) {
+               Node *node = effects_todo_this_phase.top();
+               effects_todo_this_phase.pop();
+
+               // This should currently only happen for effects that are inputs
+               // (either true inputs or phase outputs). We special-case inputs,
+               // and then deduplicate phase outputs below.
+               if (node->effect->num_inputs() == 0) {
+                       if (find(phase->effects.begin(), phase->effects.end(), node) != phase->effects.end()) {
+                               continue;
                        }
+               } else {
+                       assert(completed_effects->count(node) == 0);
+               }
 
-                       this_phase_effects.push_back(node);
-                       completed_effects.insert(node);
+               phase->effects.push_back(node);
 
-                       // Find all the dependencies of this effect, and add them to the stack.
-                       std::vector<Node *> deps = node->incoming_links;
-                       assert(node->effect->num_inputs() == deps.size());
-                       for (unsigned i = 0; i < deps.size(); ++i) {
-                               bool start_new_phase = false;
+               // Find all the dependencies of this effect, and add them to the stack.
+               vector<Node *> deps = node->incoming_links;
+               assert(node->effect->num_inputs() == deps.size());
+               for (unsigned i = 0; i < deps.size(); ++i) {
+                       bool start_new_phase = false;
 
-                               // FIXME: If we sample directly from a texture, we won't need this.
-                               if (node->effect->needs_texture_bounce()) {
-                                       start_new_phase = true;
-                               }
+                       if (node->effect->needs_texture_bounce() &&
+                           !deps[i]->effect->is_single_texture()) {
+                               start_new_phase = true;
+                       }
 
-                               if (deps[i]->outgoing_links.size() > 1) {
-                                       if (deps[i]->effect->num_inputs() > 0) {
-                                               // More than one effect uses this as the input,
-                                               // and it is not a texture itself.
-                                               // The easiest thing to do (and probably also the safest
-                                               // performance-wise in most cases) is to bounce it to a texture
-                                               // and then let the next passes read from that.
-                                               start_new_phase = true;
-                                       } else {
-                                               // For textures, we try to be slightly more clever;
-                                               // if none of our outputs need a bounce, we don't bounce
-                                               // but instead simply use the effect many times.
-                                               //
-                                               // Strictly speaking, we could bounce it for some outputs
-                                               // and use it directly for others, but the processing becomes
-                                               // somewhat simpler if the effect is only used in one such way.
-                                               for (unsigned j = 0; j < deps[i]->outgoing_links.size(); ++j) {
-                                                       Node *rdep = deps[i]->outgoing_links[j];
-                                                       start_new_phase |= rdep->effect->needs_texture_bounce();
-                                               }
+                       if (deps[i]->outgoing_links.size() > 1) {
+                               if (!deps[i]->effect->is_single_texture()) {
+                                       // More than one effect uses this as the input,
+                                       // and it is not a texture itself.
+                                       // The easiest thing to do (and probably also the safest
+                                       // performance-wise in most cases) is to bounce it to a texture
+                                       // and then let the next passes read from that.
+                                       start_new_phase = true;
+                               } else {
+                                       assert(deps[i]->effect->num_inputs() == 0);
+
+                                       // For textures, we try to be slightly more clever;
+                                       // if none of our outputs need a bounce, we don't bounce
+                                       // but instead simply use the effect many times.
+                                       //
+                                       // Strictly speaking, we could bounce it for some outputs
+                                       // and use it directly for others, but the processing becomes
+                                       // somewhat simpler if the effect is only used in one such way.
+                                       for (unsigned j = 0; j < deps[i]->outgoing_links.size(); ++j) {
+                                               Node *rdep = deps[i]->outgoing_links[j];
+                                               start_new_phase |= rdep->effect->needs_texture_bounce();
                                        }
                                }
+                       }
 
-                               if (deps[i]->effect->changes_output_size()) {
-                                       start_new_phase = true;
-                               }
+                       if (deps[i]->effect->changes_output_size()) {
+                               start_new_phase = true;
+                       }
 
-                               if (start_new_phase) {
-                                       effects_todo_other_phases.push(deps[i]);
-                                       this_phase_inputs.push_back(deps[i]);
-                               } else {
-                                       effects_todo_this_phase.push(deps[i]);
-                               }
+                       if (start_new_phase) {
+                               phase->inputs.push_back(construct_phase(deps[i], completed_effects));
+                       } else {
+                               effects_todo_this_phase.push(deps[i]);
                        }
-                       continue;
                }
+       }
 
-               // No more effects to do this phase. Take all the ones we have,
-               // and create a GLSL program for it.
-               if (!this_phase_effects.empty()) {
-                       reverse(this_phase_effects.begin(), this_phase_effects.end());
-                       phases.push_back(compile_glsl_program(this_phase_inputs, this_phase_effects));
-                       this_phase_effects.back()->phase = phases.back();
-                       this_phase_inputs.clear();
-                       this_phase_effects.clear();
-               }
-               assert(this_phase_inputs.empty());
-               assert(this_phase_effects.empty());
+       // No more effects to do this phase. Take all the ones we have,
+       // and create a GLSL program for it.
+       assert(!phase->effects.empty());
 
-               // If we have no effects left, exit.
-               if (effects_todo_other_phases.empty()) {
-                       break;
-               }
+       // Deduplicate the inputs.
+       sort(phase->inputs.begin(), phase->inputs.end());
+       phase->inputs.erase(unique(phase->inputs.begin(), phase->inputs.end()), phase->inputs.end());
 
-               Node *node = effects_todo_other_phases.top();
-               effects_todo_other_phases.pop();
+       // We added the effects from the output and back, but we need to output
+       // them in topological sort order in the shader.
+       phase->effects = topological_sort(phase->effects);
 
-               if (completed_effects.count(node) == 0) {
-                       // Start a new phase, calculating from this effect.
-                       effects_todo_this_phase.push(node);
+       // Figure out if we need mipmaps or not, and if so, tell the inputs that.
+       phase->input_needs_mipmaps = false;
+       for (unsigned i = 0; i < phase->effects.size(); ++i) {
+               Node *node = phase->effects[i];
+               phase->input_needs_mipmaps |= node->effect->needs_mipmaps();
+       }
+       for (unsigned i = 0; i < phase->effects.size(); ++i) {
+               Node *node = phase->effects[i];
+               if (node->effect->num_inputs() == 0) {
+                       CHECK(node->effect->set_int("needs_mipmaps", phase->input_needs_mipmaps));
                }
        }
 
-       // Finally, since the phases are found from the output but must be executed
-       // from the input(s), reverse them, too.
-       std::reverse(phases.begin(), phases.end());
+       // Actually make the shader for this phase.
+       compile_glsl_program(phase);
+
+       assert(completed_effects->count(output) == 0);
+       completed_effects->insert(make_pair(output, phase));
+       phases.push_back(phase);
+       return phase;
 }
 
 void EffectChain::output_dot(const char *filename)
@@ -446,10 +451,10 @@ void EffectChain::output_dot(const char *filename)
        fprintf(fp, "  output [shape=box label=\"(output)\"];\n");
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < nodes.size(); ++i) {
                // Find out which phase this event belongs to.
-               std::vector<int> in_phases;
+               vector<int> in_phases;
                for (unsigned j = 0; j < phases.size(); ++j) {
                        const Phase* p = phases[j];
-                       if (std::find(p->effects.begin(), p->effects.end(), nodes[i]) != p->effects.end()) {
+                       if (find(p->effects.begin(), p->effects.end(), nodes[i]) != p->effects.end()) {
                                in_phases.push_back(j);
                        }
                }
@@ -475,13 +480,13 @@ void EffectChain::output_dot(const char *filename)
                        char to_node_id[256];
                        snprintf(to_node_id, 256, "n%ld", (long)nodes[i]->outgoing_links[j]);
 
-                       std::vector<std::string> labels = get_labels_for_edge(nodes[i], nodes[i]->outgoing_links[j]);
+                       vector<string> labels = get_labels_for_edge(nodes[i], nodes[i]->outgoing_links[j]);
                        output_dot_edge(fp, from_node_id, to_node_id, labels);
                }
 
                if (nodes[i]->outgoing_links.empty() && !nodes[i]->disabled) {
                        // Output node.
-                       std::vector<std::string> labels = get_labels_for_edge(nodes[i], NULL);
+                       vector<string> labels = get_labels_for_edge(nodes[i], NULL);
                        output_dot_edge(fp, from_node_id, "output", labels);
                }
        }
@@ -490,9 +495,9 @@ void EffectChain::output_dot(const char *filename)
        fclose(fp);
 }
 
-std::vector<std::string> EffectChain::get_labels_for_edge(const Node *from, const Node *to)
+vector<string> EffectChain::get_labels_for_edge(const Node *from, const Node *to)
 {
-       std::vector<std::string> labels;
+       vector<string> labels;
 
        if (to != NULL && to->effect->needs_texture_bounce()) {
                labels.push_back("needs_bounce");
@@ -547,14 +552,14 @@ std::vector<std::string> EffectChain::get_labels_for_edge(const Node *from, cons
 }
 
 void EffectChain::output_dot_edge(FILE *fp,
-                                  const std::string &from_node_id,
-                                  const std::string &to_node_id,
-                                  const std::vector<std::string> &labels)
+                                  const string &from_node_id,
+                                  const string &to_node_id,
+                                  const vector<string> &labels)
 {
        if (labels.empty()) {
                fprintf(fp, "  %s -> %s;\n", from_node_id.c_str(), to_node_id.c_str());
        } else {
-               std::string label = labels[0];
+               string label = labels[0];
                for (unsigned k = 1; k < labels.size(); ++k) {
                        label += ", " + labels[k];
                }
@@ -608,11 +613,11 @@ void EffectChain::inform_input_sizes(Phase *phase)
                }
        }
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < phase->inputs.size(); ++i) {
-               Node *input = phase->inputs[i];
-               input->output_width = input->phase->virtual_output_width;
-               input->output_height = input->phase->virtual_output_height;
-               assert(input->output_width != 0);
-               assert(input->output_height != 0);
+               Phase *input = phase->inputs[i];
+               input->output_node->output_width = input->virtual_output_width;
+               input->output_node->output_height = input->virtual_output_height;
+               assert(input->output_node->output_width != 0);
+               assert(input->output_node->output_height != 0);
        }
 
        // Now propagate from the inputs towards the end, and inform as we go.
@@ -663,14 +668,14 @@ void EffectChain::find_output_size(Phase *phase)
        bool all_inputs_same_size = true;
 
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < phase->inputs.size(); ++i) {
-               Node *input = phase->inputs[i];
-               assert(input->phase->output_width != 0);
-               assert(input->phase->output_height != 0);
+               Phase *input = phase->inputs[i];
+               assert(input->output_width != 0);
+               assert(input->output_height != 0);
                if (output_width == 0 && output_height == 0) {
-                       output_width = input->phase->virtual_output_width;
-                       output_height = input->phase->virtual_output_height;
-               } else if (output_width != input->phase->virtual_output_width ||
-                          output_height != input->phase->virtual_output_height) {
+                       output_width = input->virtual_output_width;
+                       output_height = input->virtual_output_height;
+               } else if (output_width != input->virtual_output_width ||
+                          output_height != input->virtual_output_height) {
                        all_inputs_same_size = false;
                }
        }
@@ -702,10 +707,10 @@ void EffectChain::find_output_size(Phase *phase)
        output_width = 0;
        output_height = 0;
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < phase->inputs.size(); ++i) {
-               Node *input = phase->inputs[i];
-               assert(input->phase->output_width != 0);
-               assert(input->phase->output_height != 0);
-               size_rectangle_to_fit(input->phase->output_width, input->phase->output_height, &output_width, &output_height);
+               Phase *input = phase->inputs[i];
+               assert(input->output_width != 0);
+               assert(input->output_height != 0);
+               size_rectangle_to_fit(input->output_width, input->output_height, &output_width, &output_height);
        }
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < phase->effects.size(); ++i) {
                Effect *effect = phase->effects[i]->effect;
@@ -727,10 +732,10 @@ void EffectChain::sort_all_nodes_topologically()
        nodes = topological_sort(nodes);
 }
 
-std::vector<Node *> EffectChain::topological_sort(const std::vector<Node *> &nodes)
+vector<Node *> EffectChain::topological_sort(const vector<Node *> &nodes)
 {
-       std::set<Node *> nodes_left_to_visit(nodes.begin(), nodes.end());
-       std::vector<Node *> sorted_list;
+       set<Node *> nodes_left_to_visit(nodes.begin(), nodes.end());
+       vector<Node *> sorted_list;
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < nodes.size(); ++i) {
                topological_sort_visit_node(nodes[i], &nodes_left_to_visit, &sorted_list);
        }
@@ -738,7 +743,7 @@ std::vector<Node *> EffectChain::topological_sort(const std::vector<Node *> &nod
        return sorted_list;
 }
 
-void EffectChain::topological_sort_visit_node(Node *node, std::set<Node *> *nodes_left_to_visit, std::vector<Node *> *sorted_list)
+void EffectChain::topological_sort_visit_node(Node *node, set<Node *> *nodes_left_to_visit, vector<Node *> *sorted_list)
 {
        if (nodes_left_to_visit->count(node) == 0) {
                return;
@@ -1207,7 +1212,7 @@ void EffectChain::fix_internal_gamma_by_asking_inputs(unsigned step)
                        }
 
                        // See if all inputs can give us linear gamma. If not, leave it.
-                       std::vector<Node *> nonlinear_inputs;
+                       vector<Node *> nonlinear_inputs;
                        find_all_nonlinear_inputs(node, &nonlinear_inputs);
                        assert(!nonlinear_inputs.empty());
 
@@ -1338,7 +1343,7 @@ void EffectChain::add_dither_if_needed()
 // multiple outputs right now).
 Node *EffectChain::find_output_node()
 {
-       std::vector<Node *> output_nodes;
+       vector<Node *> output_nodes;
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < nodes.size(); ++i) {
                Node *node = nodes[i];
                if (node->disabled) {
@@ -1409,42 +1414,14 @@ void EffectChain::finalize()
        output_dot("step18-final.dot");
        
        // Construct all needed GLSL programs, starting at the output.
-       construct_glsl_programs(find_output_node());
+       // We need to keep track of which effects have already been computed,
+       // as an effect with multiple users could otherwise be calculated
+       // multiple times.
+       map<Node *, Phase *> completed_effects;
+       construct_phase(find_output_node(), &completed_effects);
 
        output_dot("step19-split-to-phases.dot");
 
-       // If we have more than one phase, we need intermediate render-to-texture.
-       // Construct an FBO, and then as many textures as we need.
-       // We choose the simplest option of having one texture per output,
-       // since otherwise this turns into an (albeit simple)
-       // register allocation problem.
-       if (phases.size() > 1) {
-               for (unsigned i = 0; i < phases.size() - 1; ++i) {
-                       inform_input_sizes(phases[i]);
-                       find_output_size(phases[i]);
-
-                       Node *output_node = phases[i]->effects.back();
-                       glGenTextures(1, &output_node->output_texture);
-                       check_error();
-                       glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, output_node->output_texture);
-                       check_error();
-                       glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-                       check_error();
-                       glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-                       check_error();
-                       glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA16F_ARB, phases[i]->output_width, phases[i]->output_height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL);
-                       check_error();
-
-                       output_node->output_texture_width = phases[i]->output_width;
-                       output_node->output_texture_height = phases[i]->output_height;
-               }
-               inform_input_sizes(phases.back());
-       }
-               
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < inputs.size(); ++i) {
-               inputs[i]->finalize();
-       }
-
        assert(phases[0]->inputs.empty());
        
        finalized = true;
@@ -1458,6 +1435,7 @@ void EffectChain::render_to_fbo(GLuint dest_fbo, unsigned width, unsigned height
        // Save original viewport.
        GLuint x = 0, y = 0;
        GLuint fbo = 0;
+       void *context = get_gl_context_identifier();
 
        if (width == 0 && height == 0) {
                GLint viewport[4];
@@ -1476,57 +1454,37 @@ void EffectChain::render_to_fbo(GLuint dest_fbo, unsigned width, unsigned height
        glDepthMask(GL_FALSE);
        check_error();
 
-       glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
-       glLoadIdentity();
-       glOrtho(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0);
+       set<Phase *> generated_mipmaps;
 
-       glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
-       glLoadIdentity();
-
-       if (phases.size() > 1) {
-               glGenFramebuffers(1, &fbo);
-               check_error();
-               glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fbo);
-               check_error();
-       }
-
-       std::set<Node *> generated_mipmaps;
-
-       for (unsigned phase = 0; phase < phases.size(); ++phase) {
-               // See if the requested output size has changed. If so, we need to recreate
-               // the texture (and before we start setting up inputs).
-               inform_input_sizes(phases[phase]);
-               if (phase != phases.size() - 1) {
-                       find_output_size(phases[phase]);
+       // We choose the simplest option of having one texture per output,
+       // since otherwise this turns into an (albeit simple) register allocation problem.
+       map<Phase *, GLuint> output_textures;
 
-                       Node *output_node = phases[phase]->effects.back();
+       for (unsigned phase_num = 0; phase_num < phases.size(); ++phase_num) {
+               Phase *phase = phases[phase_num];
 
-                       if (output_node->output_texture_width != phases[phase]->output_width ||
-                           output_node->output_texture_height != phases[phase]->output_height) {
-                               glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
-                               check_error();
-                               glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, output_node->output_texture);
-                               check_error();
-                               glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA16F_ARB, phases[phase]->output_width, phases[phase]->output_height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL);
-                               check_error();
-                               glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
-                               check_error();
+               // Find a texture for this phase.
+               inform_input_sizes(phase);
+               if (phase_num != phases.size() - 1) {
+                       find_output_size(phase);
 
-                               output_node->output_texture_width = phases[phase]->output_width;
-                               output_node->output_texture_height = phases[phase]->output_height;
-                       }
+                       GLuint tex_num = resource_pool->create_2d_texture(GL_RGBA16F, phase->output_width, phase->output_height);
+                       output_textures.insert(make_pair(phase, tex_num));
                }
 
-               glUseProgram(phases[phase]->glsl_program_num);
+               const GLuint glsl_program_num = phase->glsl_program_num;
+               check_error();
+               glUseProgram(glsl_program_num);
                check_error();
 
                // Set up RTT inputs for this phase.
-               for (unsigned sampler = 0; sampler < phases[phase]->inputs.size(); ++sampler) {
+               for (unsigned sampler = 0; sampler < phase->inputs.size(); ++sampler) {
                        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + sampler);
-                       Node *input = phases[phase]->inputs[sampler];
-                       glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, input->output_texture);
+                       Phase *input = phase->inputs[sampler];
+                       input->output_node->bound_sampler_num = sampler;
+                       glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, output_textures[input]);
                        check_error();
-                       if (phases[phase]->input_needs_mipmaps) {
+                       if (phase->input_needs_mipmaps) {
                                if (generated_mipmaps.count(input) == 0) {
                                        glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
                                        check_error();
@@ -1538,14 +1496,18 @@ void EffectChain::render_to_fbo(GLuint dest_fbo, unsigned width, unsigned height
                                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
                                check_error();
                        }
+                       glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+                       check_error();
+                       glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+                       check_error();
 
-                       std::string texture_name = std::string("tex_") + phases[phase]->effect_ids[input];
-                       glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(phases[phase]->glsl_program_num, texture_name.c_str()), sampler);
+                       string texture_name = string("tex_") + phase->effect_ids[input->output_node];
+                       glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(glsl_program_num, texture_name.c_str()), sampler);
                        check_error();
                }
 
                // And now the output.
-               if (phase == phases.size() - 1) {
+               if (phase_num == phases.size() - 1) {
                        // Last phase goes to the output the user specified.
                        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, dest_fbo);
                        check_error();
@@ -1557,56 +1519,53 @@ void EffectChain::render_to_fbo(GLuint dest_fbo, unsigned width, unsigned height
                                CHECK(dither_effect->set_int("output_height", height));
                        }
                } else {
-                       Node *output_node = phases[phase]->effects.back();
-                       glFramebufferTexture2D(
-                               GL_FRAMEBUFFER,
-                               GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,
-                               GL_TEXTURE_2D,
-                               output_node->output_texture,
-                               0);
-                       check_error();
-                       GLenum status = glCheckFramebufferStatusEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT);
-                       assert(status == GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE);
-                       glViewport(0, 0, phases[phase]->output_width, phases[phase]->output_height);
+                       fbo = resource_pool->create_fbo(context, output_textures[phase]);
+                       glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fbo);
+                       glViewport(0, 0, phase->output_width, phase->output_height);
                }
 
                // Give the required parameters to all the effects.
-               unsigned sampler_num = phases[phase]->inputs.size();
-               for (unsigned i = 0; i < phases[phase]->effects.size(); ++i) {
-                       Node *node = phases[phase]->effects[i];
-                       node->effect->set_gl_state(phases[phase]->glsl_program_num, phases[phase]->effect_ids[node], &sampler_num);
+               unsigned sampler_num = phase->inputs.size();
+               for (unsigned i = 0; i < phase->effects.size(); ++i) {
+                       Node *node = phase->effects[i];
+                       unsigned old_sampler_num = sampler_num;
+                       node->effect->set_gl_state(glsl_program_num, phase->effect_ids[node], &sampler_num);
                        check_error();
-               }
-
-               // Now draw!
-               glBegin(GL_QUADS);
-
-               glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f);
-               glVertex2f(0.0f, 0.0f);
 
-               glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f);
-               glVertex2f(1.0f, 0.0f);
-
-               glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f);
-               glVertex2f(1.0f, 1.0f);
-
-               glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f);
-               glVertex2f(0.0f, 1.0f);
+                       if (node->effect->is_single_texture()) {
+                               assert(sampler_num - old_sampler_num == 1);
+                               node->bound_sampler_num = old_sampler_num;
+                       } else {
+                               node->bound_sampler_num = -1;
+                       }
+               }
 
-               glEnd();
+               glBindVertexArray(phase->vao);
+               check_error();
+               glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);
                check_error();
 
-               for (unsigned i = 0; i < phases[phase]->effects.size(); ++i) {
-                       Node *node = phases[phase]->effects[i];
+               for (unsigned i = 0; i < phase->effects.size(); ++i) {
+                       Node *node = phase->effects[i];
                        node->effect->clear_gl_state();
                }
+               if (phase_num != phases.size() - 1) {
+                       resource_pool->release_fbo(fbo);
+               }
+       }
+
+       for (map<Phase *, GLuint>::const_iterator texture_it = output_textures.begin();
+            texture_it != output_textures.end();
+            ++texture_it) {
+               resource_pool->release_2d_texture(texture_it->second);
        }
 
        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
        check_error();
-
-       if (fbo != 0) {
-               glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &fbo);
-               check_error();
-       }
+       glBindVertexArray(0);
+       check_error();
+       glUseProgram(0);
+       check_error();
 }
+
+}  // namespace movit