/*
Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
- Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+ Copyright (C) 2008-2015 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+ Copyright (C) 2015-2019 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Gary Linscott, Tord Romstad
Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
#include <cassert>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <vector>
-#include "bitbase.h"
#include "bitboard.h"
-#include "move.h"
-#include "square.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
+#include "types.h"
namespace {
- enum Result {
- RESULT_UNKNOWN,
- RESULT_INVALID,
- RESULT_WIN,
- RESULT_LOSS,
- RESULT_DRAW
- };
+ // There are 24 possible pawn squares: files A to D and ranks from 2 to 7.
+ // Positions with the pawn on files E to H will be mirrored before probing.
+ constexpr unsigned MAX_INDEX = 2*24*64*64; // stm * psq * wksq * bksq = 196608
+
+ // Each uint32_t stores results of 32 positions, one per bit
+ uint32_t KPKBitbase[MAX_INDEX / 32];
+
+ // A KPK bitbase index is an integer in [0, IndexMax] range
+ //
+ // Information is mapped in a way that minimizes the number of iterations:
+ //
+ // bit 0- 5: white king square (from SQ_A1 to SQ_H8)
+ // bit 6-11: black king square (from SQ_A1 to SQ_H8)
+ // bit 12: side to move (WHITE or BLACK)
+ // bit 13-14: white pawn file (from FILE_A to FILE_D)
+ // bit 15-17: white pawn RANK_7 - rank (from RANK_7 - RANK_7 to RANK_7 - RANK_2)
+ unsigned index(Color us, Square bksq, Square wksq, Square psq) {
+ return int(wksq) | (bksq << 6) | (us << 12) | (file_of(psq) << 13) | ((RANK_7 - rank_of(psq)) << 15);
+ }
- struct KPKPosition {
- void from_index(int index);
- int to_index() const;
- bool is_legal() const;
- bool is_immediate_draw() const;
- bool is_immediate_win() const;
- Bitboard wk_attacks() const;
- Bitboard bk_attacks() const;
- Bitboard pawn_attacks() const;
-
- Square whiteKingSquare, blackKingSquare, pawnSquare;
- Color sideToMove;
+ enum Result {
+ INVALID = 0,
+ UNKNOWN = 1,
+ DRAW = 2,
+ WIN = 4
};
+ Result& operator|=(Result& r, Result v) { return r = Result(r | v); }
- Result *Bitbase;
- const int IndexMax = 2*24*64*64;
- int UnknownCount = 0;
-
- void initialize();
- bool next_iteration();
- Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition &p);
- Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition &p);
- int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square psq, Color stm);
- int compress_result(Result r);
+ struct KPKPosition {
+ KPKPosition() = default;
+ explicit KPKPosition(unsigned idx);
+ operator Result() const { return result; }
+ Result classify(const std::vector<KPKPosition>& db)
+ { return us == WHITE ? classify<WHITE>(db) : classify<BLACK>(db); }
-}
+ template<Color Us> Result classify(const std::vector<KPKPosition>& db);
+ Color us;
+ Square ksq[COLOR_NB], psq;
+ Result result;
+ };
-////
-//// Functions
-////
+} // namespace
-void generate_kpk_bitbase(uint8_t bitbase[]) {
- // Allocate array and initialize:
- Bitbase = new Result[IndexMax];
- initialize();
- // Iterate until all positions are classified:
- while(next_iteration());
+bool Bitbases::probe(Square wksq, Square wpsq, Square bksq, Color us) {
- // Compress bitbase into the supplied parameter:
- int i, j, b;
- for(i = 0; i < 24576; i++) {
- for(b = 0, j = 0; j < 8; b |= (compress_result(Bitbase[8*i+j]) << j), j++);
- assert(b == int(uint8_t(b)));
- bitbase[i] = (uint8_t)b;
- }
+ assert(file_of(wpsq) <= FILE_D);
- // Release allocated memory:
- delete [] Bitbase;
+ unsigned idx = index(us, bksq, wksq, wpsq);
+ return KPKBitbase[idx / 32] & (1 << (idx & 0x1F));
}
-namespace {
-
- void KPKPosition::from_index(int index) {
- int s;
- sideToMove = Color(index % 2);
- blackKingSquare = Square((index / 2) % 64);
- whiteKingSquare = Square((index / 128) % 64);
- s = (index / 8192) % 24;
- pawnSquare = make_square(File(s % 4), Rank(s / 4 + 1));
- }
+void Bitbases::init() {
+ std::vector<KPKPosition> db(MAX_INDEX);
+ unsigned idx, repeat = 1;
- int KPKPosition::to_index() const {
- return compute_index(whiteKingSquare, blackKingSquare, pawnSquare,
- sideToMove);
- }
+ // Initialize db with known win / draw positions
+ for (idx = 0; idx < MAX_INDEX; ++idx)
+ db[idx] = KPKPosition(idx);
+ // Iterate through the positions until none of the unknown positions can be
+ // changed to either wins or draws (15 cycles needed).
+ while (repeat)
+ for (repeat = idx = 0; idx < MAX_INDEX; ++idx)
+ repeat |= (db[idx] == UNKNOWN && db[idx].classify(db) != UNKNOWN);
- bool KPKPosition::is_legal() const {
- if(whiteKingSquare == pawnSquare || whiteKingSquare == blackKingSquare ||
- pawnSquare == blackKingSquare)
- return false;
- if(sideToMove == WHITE) {
- if(bit_is_set(this->wk_attacks(), blackKingSquare))
- return false;
- if(bit_is_set(this->pawn_attacks(), blackKingSquare))
- return false;
- }
- else {
- if(bit_is_set(this->bk_attacks(), whiteKingSquare))
- return false;
- }
- return true;
- }
-
-
- bool KPKPosition::is_immediate_draw() const {
- if(sideToMove == BLACK) {
- Bitboard wka = this->wk_attacks();
- Bitboard bka = this->bk_attacks();
-
- // Case 1: Stalemate
- if((bka & ~(wka | this->pawn_attacks())) == EmptyBoardBB)
- return true;
-
- // Case 2: King can capture pawn
- if(bit_is_set(bka, pawnSquare) && !bit_is_set(wka, pawnSquare))
- return true;
- }
- else {
- // Case 1: Stalemate
- if(whiteKingSquare == SQ_A8 && pawnSquare == SQ_A7 &&
- (blackKingSquare == SQ_C7 || blackKingSquare == SQ_C8))
- return true;
- }
-
- return false;
- }
-
-
- bool KPKPosition::is_immediate_win() const {
- // The position is an immediate win if it is white to move and the white
- // pawn can be promoted without getting captured:
- return
- sideToMove == WHITE &&
- square_rank(pawnSquare) == RANK_7 &&
- (square_distance(blackKingSquare, pawnSquare+DELTA_N) > 1 ||
- bit_is_set(this->wk_attacks(), pawnSquare+DELTA_N));
- }
-
-
- Bitboard KPKPosition::wk_attacks() const {
- return StepAttackBB[WK][whiteKingSquare];
- }
-
-
- Bitboard KPKPosition::bk_attacks() const {
- return StepAttackBB[BK][blackKingSquare];
- }
-
-
- Bitboard KPKPosition::pawn_attacks() const {
- return StepAttackBB[WP][pawnSquare];
- }
-
-
- void initialize() {
- KPKPosition p;
- for(int i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++) {
- p.from_index(i);
- if(!p.is_legal())
- Bitbase[i] = RESULT_INVALID;
- else if(p.is_immediate_draw())
- Bitbase[i] = RESULT_DRAW;
- else if(p.is_immediate_win())
- Bitbase[i] = RESULT_WIN;
- else {
- Bitbase[i] = RESULT_UNKNOWN;
- UnknownCount++;
- }
- }
- }
-
-
- bool next_iteration() {
- KPKPosition p;
- int previousUnknownCount = UnknownCount;
-
- for(int i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++)
- if(Bitbase[i] == RESULT_UNKNOWN) {
- p.from_index(i);
-
- Bitbase[i] = (p.sideToMove == WHITE)? classify_wtm(p) : classify_btm(p);
-
- if(Bitbase[i] == RESULT_WIN || Bitbase[i] == RESULT_LOSS ||
- Bitbase[i] == RESULT_DRAW)
- UnknownCount--;
- }
-
- return UnknownCount != previousUnknownCount;
- }
-
-
- Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition &p) {
-
- // If one move leads to a position classified as RESULT_LOSS, the result
- // of the current position is RESULT_WIN. If all moves lead to positions
- // classified as RESULT_DRAW, the current position is classified as
- // RESULT_DRAW. Otherwise, the current position is classified as
- // RESULT_UNKNOWN.
-
- bool unknownFound = false;
- Bitboard b;
- Square s;
-
- // King moves
- b = p.wk_attacks();
- while(b) {
- s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
- switch(Bitbase[compute_index(s, p.blackKingSquare, p.pawnSquare,
- BLACK)]) {
- case RESULT_LOSS:
- return RESULT_WIN;
-
- case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
- unknownFound = true;
- break;
-
- case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
- break;
+ // Map 32 results into one KPKBitbase[] entry
+ for (idx = 0; idx < MAX_INDEX; ++idx)
+ if (db[idx] == WIN)
+ KPKBitbase[idx / 32] |= 1 << (idx & 0x1F);
+}
- default:
- assert(false);
- }
- }
- // Pawn moves
- if(square_rank(p.pawnSquare) < RANK_7) {
- s = p.pawnSquare + DELTA_N;
- switch(Bitbase[compute_index(p.whiteKingSquare, p.blackKingSquare, s,
- BLACK)]) {
- case RESULT_LOSS:
- return RESULT_WIN;
-
- case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
- unknownFound = true;
- break;
-
- case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
- break;
-
- default:
- assert(false);
- }
-
- if(square_rank(s) == RANK_3 &&
- s != p.whiteKingSquare && s != p.blackKingSquare) {
- s += DELTA_N;
- switch(Bitbase[compute_index(p.whiteKingSquare, p.blackKingSquare, s,
- BLACK)]) {
- case RESULT_LOSS:
- return RESULT_WIN;
-
- case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
- unknownFound = true;
- break;
-
- case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
- break;
-
- default:
- assert(false);
- }
- }
- }
+namespace {
- return unknownFound? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_DRAW;
+ KPKPosition::KPKPosition(unsigned idx) {
+
+ ksq[WHITE] = Square((idx >> 0) & 0x3F);
+ ksq[BLACK] = Square((idx >> 6) & 0x3F);
+ us = Color ((idx >> 12) & 0x01);
+ psq = make_square(File((idx >> 13) & 0x3), Rank(RANK_7 - ((idx >> 15) & 0x7)));
+
+ // Check if two pieces are on the same square or if a king can be captured
+ if ( distance(ksq[WHITE], ksq[BLACK]) <= 1
+ || ksq[WHITE] == psq
+ || ksq[BLACK] == psq
+ || (us == WHITE && (PawnAttacks[WHITE][psq] & ksq[BLACK])))
+ result = INVALID;
+
+ // Immediate win if a pawn can be promoted without getting captured
+ else if ( us == WHITE
+ && rank_of(psq) == RANK_7
+ && ksq[us] != psq + NORTH
+ && ( distance(ksq[~us], psq + NORTH) > 1
+ || (PseudoAttacks[KING][ksq[us]] & (psq + NORTH))))
+ result = WIN;
+
+ // Immediate draw if it is a stalemate or a king captures undefended pawn
+ else if ( us == BLACK
+ && ( !(PseudoAttacks[KING][ksq[us]] & ~(PseudoAttacks[KING][ksq[~us]] | PawnAttacks[~us][psq]))
+ || (PseudoAttacks[KING][ksq[us]] & psq & ~PseudoAttacks[KING][ksq[~us]])))
+ result = DRAW;
+
+ // Position will be classified later
+ else
+ result = UNKNOWN;
}
-
- Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition &p) {
-
- // If one move leads to a position classified as RESULT_DRAW, the result
- // of the current position is RESULT_DRAW. If all moves lead to positions
- // classified as RESULT_WIN, the current position is classified as
- // RESULT_LOSS. Otherwise, the current position is classified as
- // RESULT_UNKNOWN.
-
- bool unknownFound = false;
- Bitboard b;
- Square s;
-
- // King moves
- b = p.bk_attacks();
- while(b) {
- s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
- switch(Bitbase[compute_index(p.whiteKingSquare, s, p.pawnSquare,
- WHITE)]) {
- case RESULT_DRAW:
- return RESULT_DRAW;
-
- case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
- unknownFound = true;
- break;
-
- case RESULT_WIN: case RESULT_INVALID:
- break;
-
- default:
- assert(false);
- }
+ template<Color Us>
+ Result KPKPosition::classify(const std::vector<KPKPosition>& db) {
+
+ // White to move: If one move leads to a position classified as WIN, the result
+ // of the current position is WIN. If all moves lead to positions classified
+ // as DRAW, the current position is classified as DRAW, otherwise the current
+ // position is classified as UNKNOWN.
+ //
+ // Black to move: If one move leads to a position classified as DRAW, the result
+ // of the current position is DRAW. If all moves lead to positions classified
+ // as WIN, the position is classified as WIN, otherwise the current position is
+ // classified as UNKNOWN.
+
+ constexpr Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
+ constexpr Result Good = (Us == WHITE ? WIN : DRAW);
+ constexpr Result Bad = (Us == WHITE ? DRAW : WIN);
+
+ Result r = INVALID;
+ Bitboard b = PseudoAttacks[KING][ksq[Us]];
+
+ while (b)
+ r |= Us == WHITE ? db[index(Them, ksq[Them] , pop_lsb(&b), psq)]
+ : db[index(Them, pop_lsb(&b), ksq[Them] , psq)];
+
+ if (Us == WHITE)
+ {
+ if (rank_of(psq) < RANK_7) // Single push
+ r |= db[index(Them, ksq[Them], ksq[Us], psq + NORTH)];
+
+ if ( rank_of(psq) == RANK_2 // Double push
+ && psq + NORTH != ksq[Us]
+ && psq + NORTH != ksq[Them])
+ r |= db[index(Them, ksq[Them], ksq[Us], psq + NORTH + NORTH)];
}
- return unknownFound? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_LOSS;
- }
-
-
- int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square psq, Color stm) {
- int p = int(square_file(psq)) + (int(square_rank(psq)) - 1) * 4;
- int result = int(stm) + 2*int(bksq) + 128*int(wksq) + 8192*p;
- assert(result >= 0 && result < IndexMax);
- return result;
+ return result = r & Good ? Good : r & UNKNOWN ? UNKNOWN : Bad;
}
-
- int compress_result(Result r) {
- return (r == RESULT_WIN || r == RESULT_LOSS)? 1 : 0;
- }
-
-}
+} // namespace
projects / stockfish / blobdiff