Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
Copyright (C) 2008-2015 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+ Copyright (C) 2015-2020 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Gary Linscott, Tord Romstad
Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
-
Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
}
-const Bitboard DarkSquares = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55ULL;
-
-const Bitboard FileABB = 0x0101010101010101ULL;
-const Bitboard FileBBB = FileABB << 1;
-const Bitboard FileCBB = FileABB << 2;
-const Bitboard FileDBB = FileABB << 3;
-const Bitboard FileEBB = FileABB << 4;
-const Bitboard FileFBB = FileABB << 5;
-const Bitboard FileGBB = FileABB << 6;
-const Bitboard FileHBB = FileABB << 7;
-
-const Bitboard Rank1BB = 0xFF;
-const Bitboard Rank2BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 1);
-const Bitboard Rank3BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 2);
-const Bitboard Rank4BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 3);
-const Bitboard Rank5BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 4);
-const Bitboard Rank6BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 5);
-const Bitboard Rank7BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 6);
-const Bitboard Rank8BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 7);
-
-extern int SquareDistance[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
-
-extern Bitboard RookMasks [SQUARE_NB];
-extern Bitboard RookMagics [SQUARE_NB];
-extern Bitboard* RookAttacks[SQUARE_NB];
-extern unsigned RookShifts [SQUARE_NB];
-
-extern Bitboard BishopMasks [SQUARE_NB];
-extern Bitboard BishopMagics [SQUARE_NB];
-extern Bitboard* BishopAttacks[SQUARE_NB];
-extern unsigned BishopShifts [SQUARE_NB];
+constexpr Bitboard AllSquares = ~Bitboard(0);
+constexpr Bitboard DarkSquares = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55ULL;
+
+constexpr Bitboard FileABB = 0x0101010101010101ULL;
+constexpr Bitboard FileBBB = FileABB << 1;
+constexpr Bitboard FileCBB = FileABB << 2;
+constexpr Bitboard FileDBB = FileABB << 3;
+constexpr Bitboard FileEBB = FileABB << 4;
+constexpr Bitboard FileFBB = FileABB << 5;
+constexpr Bitboard FileGBB = FileABB << 6;
+constexpr Bitboard FileHBB = FileABB << 7;
+
+constexpr Bitboard Rank1BB = 0xFF;
+constexpr Bitboard Rank2BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 1);
+constexpr Bitboard Rank3BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 2);
+constexpr Bitboard Rank4BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 3);
+constexpr Bitboard Rank5BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 4);
+constexpr Bitboard Rank6BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 5);
+constexpr Bitboard Rank7BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 6);
+constexpr Bitboard Rank8BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 7);
+
+constexpr Bitboard QueenSide = FileABB | FileBBB | FileCBB | FileDBB;
+constexpr Bitboard CenterFiles = FileCBB | FileDBB | FileEBB | FileFBB;
+constexpr Bitboard KingSide = FileEBB | FileFBB | FileGBB | FileHBB;
+constexpr Bitboard Center = (FileDBB | FileEBB) & (Rank4BB | Rank5BB);
+
+constexpr Bitboard KingFlank[FILE_NB] = {
+ QueenSide ^ FileDBB, QueenSide, QueenSide,
+ CenterFiles, CenterFiles,
+ KingSide, KingSide, KingSide ^ FileEBB
+};
+
+extern uint8_t PopCnt16[1 << 16];
+extern uint8_t SquareDistance[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
extern Bitboard SquareBB[SQUARE_NB];
-extern Bitboard FileBB[FILE_NB];
-extern Bitboard RankBB[RANK_NB];
-extern Bitboard AdjacentFilesBB[FILE_NB];
-extern Bitboard InFrontBB[COLOR_NB][RANK_NB];
-extern Bitboard StepAttacksBB[PIECE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
-extern Bitboard BetweenBB[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
extern Bitboard LineBB[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
-extern Bitboard DistanceRingBB[SQUARE_NB][8];
-extern Bitboard ForwardBB[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB];
-extern Bitboard PassedPawnMask[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB];
-extern Bitboard PawnAttackSpan[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB];
extern Bitboard PseudoAttacks[PIECE_TYPE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard PawnAttacks[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB];
-/// Overloads of bitwise operators between a Bitboard and a Square for testing
-/// whether a given bit is set in a bitboard, and for setting and clearing bits.
+/// Magic holds all magic bitboards relevant data for a single square
+struct Magic {
+ Bitboard mask;
+ Bitboard magic;
+ Bitboard* attacks;
+ unsigned shift;
-inline Bitboard operator&(Bitboard b, Square s) {
- return b & SquareBB[s];
-}
+ // Compute the attack's index using the 'magic bitboards' approach
+ unsigned index(Bitboard occupied) const {
-inline Bitboard operator|(Bitboard b, Square s) {
- return b | SquareBB[s];
-}
+ if (HasPext)
+ return unsigned(pext(occupied, mask));
-inline Bitboard operator^(Bitboard b, Square s) {
- return b ^ SquareBB[s];
-}
+ if (Is64Bit)
+ return unsigned(((occupied & mask) * magic) >> shift);
-inline Bitboard& operator|=(Bitboard& b, Square s) {
- return b |= SquareBB[s];
-}
+ unsigned lo = unsigned(occupied) & unsigned(mask);
+ unsigned hi = unsigned(occupied >> 32) & unsigned(mask >> 32);
+ return (lo * unsigned(magic) ^ hi * unsigned(magic >> 32)) >> shift;
+ }
+};
-inline Bitboard& operator^=(Bitboard& b, Square s) {
- return b ^= SquareBB[s];
+extern Magic RookMagics[SQUARE_NB];
+extern Magic BishopMagics[SQUARE_NB];
+
+inline Bitboard square_bb(Square s) {
+ assert(s >= SQ_A1 && s <= SQ_H8);
+ return SquareBB[s];
}
-inline bool more_than_one(Bitboard b) {
+/// Overloads of bitwise operators between a Bitboard and a Square for testing
+/// whether a given bit is set in a bitboard, and for setting and clearing bits.
+
+inline Bitboard operator&( Bitboard b, Square s) { return b & square_bb(s); }
+inline Bitboard operator|( Bitboard b, Square s) { return b | square_bb(s); }
+inline Bitboard operator^( Bitboard b, Square s) { return b ^ square_bb(s); }
+inline Bitboard& operator|=(Bitboard& b, Square s) { return b |= square_bb(s); }
+inline Bitboard& operator^=(Bitboard& b, Square s) { return b ^= square_bb(s); }
+
+inline Bitboard operator&(Square s, Bitboard b) { return b & s; }
+inline Bitboard operator|(Square s, Bitboard b) { return b | s; }
+inline Bitboard operator^(Square s, Bitboard b) { return b ^ s; }
+
+inline Bitboard operator|(Square s, Square s2) { return square_bb(s) | square_bb(s2); }
+
+constexpr bool more_than_one(Bitboard b) {
return b & (b - 1);
}
+constexpr bool opposite_colors(Square s1, Square s2) {
+ return (s1 + rank_of(s1) + s2 + rank_of(s2)) & 1;
+}
+
/// rank_bb() and file_bb() return a bitboard representing all the squares on
/// the given file or rank.
inline Bitboard rank_bb(Rank r) {
- return RankBB[r];
+ return Rank1BB << (8 * r);
}
inline Bitboard rank_bb(Square s) {
- return RankBB[rank_of(s)];
+ return rank_bb(rank_of(s));
}
inline Bitboard file_bb(File f) {
- return FileBB[f];
+ return FileABB << f;
}
inline Bitboard file_bb(Square s) {
- return FileBB[file_of(s)];
+ return file_bb(file_of(s));
}
-/// shift_bb() moves a bitboard one step along direction Delta. Mainly for pawns
+/// shift() moves a bitboard one or two steps as specified by the direction D
-template<Square Delta>
-inline Bitboard shift_bb(Bitboard b) {
- return Delta == DELTA_N ? b << 8 : Delta == DELTA_S ? b >> 8
- : Delta == DELTA_NE ? (b & ~FileHBB) << 9 : Delta == DELTA_SE ? (b & ~FileHBB) >> 7
- : Delta == DELTA_NW ? (b & ~FileABB) << 7 : Delta == DELTA_SW ? (b & ~FileABB) >> 9
+template<Direction D>
+constexpr Bitboard shift(Bitboard b) {
+ return D == NORTH ? b << 8 : D == SOUTH ? b >> 8
+ : D == NORTH+NORTH? b <<16 : D == SOUTH+SOUTH? b >>16
+ : D == EAST ? (b & ~FileHBB) << 1 : D == WEST ? (b & ~FileABB) >> 1
+ : D == NORTH_EAST ? (b & ~FileHBB) << 9 : D == NORTH_WEST ? (b & ~FileABB) << 7
+ : D == SOUTH_EAST ? (b & ~FileHBB) >> 7 : D == SOUTH_WEST ? (b & ~FileABB) >> 9
: 0;
}
-/// adjacent_files_bb() returns a bitboard representing all the squares on the
-/// adjacent files of the given one.
+/// pawn_attacks_bb() returns the squares attacked by pawns of the given color
+/// from the squares in the given bitboard.
-inline Bitboard adjacent_files_bb(File f) {
- return AdjacentFilesBB[f];
+template<Color C>
+constexpr Bitboard pawn_attacks_bb(Bitboard b) {
+ return C == WHITE ? shift<NORTH_WEST>(b) | shift<NORTH_EAST>(b)
+ : shift<SOUTH_WEST>(b) | shift<SOUTH_EAST>(b);
}
-/// between_bb() returns a bitboard representing all the squares between the two
-/// given ones. For instance, between_bb(SQ_C4, SQ_F7) returns a bitboard with
-/// the bits for square d5 and e6 set. If s1 and s2 are not on the same rank, file
-/// or diagonal, 0 is returned.
+/// pawn_double_attacks_bb() returns the squares doubly attacked by pawns of the
+/// given color from the squares in the given bitboard.
-inline Bitboard between_bb(Square s1, Square s2) {
- return BetweenBB[s1][s2];
+template<Color C>
+constexpr Bitboard pawn_double_attacks_bb(Bitboard b) {
+ return C == WHITE ? shift<NORTH_WEST>(b) & shift<NORTH_EAST>(b)
+ : shift<SOUTH_WEST>(b) & shift<SOUTH_EAST>(b);
+}
+
+
+/// adjacent_files_bb() returns a bitboard representing all the squares on the
+/// adjacent files of the given one.
+
+inline Bitboard adjacent_files_bb(Square s) {
+ return shift<EAST>(file_bb(s)) | shift<WEST>(file_bb(s));
}
-/// in_front_bb() returns a bitboard representing all the squares on all the ranks
-/// in front of the given one, from the point of view of the given color. For
-/// instance, in_front_bb(BLACK, RANK_3) will return the squares on ranks 1 and 2.
+/// between_bb() returns squares that are linearly between the given squares
+/// If the given squares are not on a same file/rank/diagonal, return 0.
-inline Bitboard in_front_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
- return InFrontBB[c][r];
+inline Bitboard between_bb(Square s1, Square s2) {
+ Bitboard b = LineBB[s1][s2] & ((AllSquares << s1) ^ (AllSquares << s2));
+ return b & (b - 1); //exclude lsb
}
-/// forward_bb() returns a bitboard representing all the squares along the line
-/// in front of the given one, from the point of view of the given color:
-/// ForwardBB[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s)
+/// forward_ranks_bb() returns a bitboard representing the squares on the ranks
+/// in front of the given one, from the point of view of the given color. For instance,
+/// forward_ranks_bb(BLACK, SQ_D3) will return the 16 squares on ranks 1 and 2.
-inline Bitboard forward_bb(Color c, Square s) {
- return ForwardBB[c][s];
+inline Bitboard forward_ranks_bb(Color c, Square s) {
+ return c == WHITE ? ~Rank1BB << 8 * (rank_of(s) - RANK_1)
+ : ~Rank8BB >> 8 * (RANK_8 - rank_of(s));
}
-/// pawn_attack_span() returns a bitboard representing all the squares that can be
-/// attacked by a pawn of the given color when it moves along its file, starting
-/// from the given square:
-/// PawnAttackSpan[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & adjacent_files_bb(s);
+/// forward_file_bb() returns a bitboard representing all the squares along the
+/// line in front of the given one, from the point of view of the given color.
-inline Bitboard pawn_attack_span(Color c, Square s) {
- return PawnAttackSpan[c][s];
+inline Bitboard forward_file_bb(Color c, Square s) {
+ return forward_ranks_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s);
}
-/// passed_pawn_mask() returns a bitboard mask which can be used to test if a
-/// pawn of the given color and on the given square is a passed pawn:
-/// PassedPawnMask[c][s] = pawn_attack_span(c, s) | forward_bb(c, s)
+/// pawn_attack_span() returns a bitboard representing all the squares that can
+/// be attacked by a pawn of the given color when it moves along its file,
+/// starting from the given square.
-inline Bitboard passed_pawn_mask(Color c, Square s) {
- return PassedPawnMask[c][s];
+inline Bitboard pawn_attack_span(Color c, Square s) {
+ return forward_ranks_bb(c, s) & adjacent_files_bb(s);
}
-/// squares_of_color() returns a bitboard representing all the squares of the
-/// same color of the given one.
+/// passed_pawn_span() returns a bitboard which can be used to test if a pawn of
+/// the given color and on the given square is a passed pawn.
-inline Bitboard squares_of_color(Square s) {
- return DarkSquares & s ? DarkSquares : ~DarkSquares;
+inline Bitboard passed_pawn_span(Color c, Square s) {
+ return forward_ranks_bb(c, s) & (adjacent_files_bb(s) | file_bb(s));
}
/// distance() functions return the distance between x and y, defined as the
-/// number of steps for a king in x to reach y. Works with squares, ranks, files.
+/// number of steps for a king in x to reach y.
-template<typename T> inline int distance(T x, T y) { return x < y ? y - x : x - y; }
+template<typename T1 = Square> inline int distance(Square x, Square y);
+template<> inline int distance<File>(Square x, Square y) { return std::abs(file_of(x) - file_of(y)); }
+template<> inline int distance<Rank>(Square x, Square y) { return std::abs(rank_of(x) - rank_of(y)); }
template<> inline int distance<Square>(Square x, Square y) { return SquareDistance[x][y]; }
-template<typename T1, typename T2> inline int distance(T2 x, T2 y);
-template<> inline int distance<File>(Square x, Square y) { return distance(file_of(x), file_of(y)); }
-template<> inline int distance<Rank>(Square x, Square y) { return distance(rank_of(x), rank_of(y)); }
-
+inline File edge_distance(File f) { return std::min(f, File(FILE_H - f)); }
+inline Rank edge_distance(Rank r) { return std::min(r, Rank(RANK_8 - r)); }
/// attacks_bb() returns a bitboard representing all the squares attacked by a
-/// piece of type Pt (bishop or rook) placed on 's'. The helper magic_index()
-/// looks up the index using the 'magic bitboards' approach.
-template<PieceType Pt>
-FORCE_INLINE unsigned magic_index(Square s, Bitboard occupied) {
-
- Bitboard* const Masks = Pt == ROOK ? RookMasks : BishopMasks;
- Bitboard* const Magics = Pt == ROOK ? RookMagics : BishopMagics;
- unsigned* const Shifts = Pt == ROOK ? RookShifts : BishopShifts;
-
- if (HasPext)
- return unsigned(pext(occupied, Masks[s]));
-
- if (Is64Bit)
- return unsigned(((occupied & Masks[s]) * Magics[s]) >> Shifts[s]);
-
- unsigned lo = unsigned(occupied) & unsigned(Masks[s]);
- unsigned hi = unsigned(occupied >> 32) & unsigned(Masks[s] >> 32);
- return (lo * unsigned(Magics[s]) ^ hi * unsigned(Magics[s] >> 32)) >> Shifts[s];
-}
+/// piece of type Pt (bishop or rook) placed on 's'.
template<PieceType Pt>
inline Bitboard attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard occupied) {
- return (Pt == ROOK ? RookAttacks : BishopAttacks)[s][magic_index<Pt>(s, occupied)];
+
+ const Magic& m = Pt == ROOK ? RookMagics[s] : BishopMagics[s];
+ return m.attacks[m.index(occupied)];
}
-inline Bitboard attacks_bb(Piece pc, Square s, Bitboard occupied) {
+inline Bitboard attacks_bb(PieceType pt, Square s, Bitboard occupied) {
- switch (type_of(pc))
+ assert(pt != PAWN);
+
+ switch (pt)
{
case BISHOP: return attacks_bb<BISHOP>(s, occupied);
- case ROOK : return attacks_bb<ROOK>(s, occupied);
+ case ROOK : return attacks_bb< ROOK>(s, occupied);
case QUEEN : return attacks_bb<BISHOP>(s, occupied) | attacks_bb<ROOK>(s, occupied);
- default : return StepAttacksBB[pc][s];
+ default : return PseudoAttacks[pt][s];
}
}
+/// popcount() counts the number of non-zero bits in a bitboard
+
+inline int popcount(Bitboard b) {
+
+#ifndef USE_POPCNT
+
+ union { Bitboard bb; uint16_t u[4]; } v = { b };
+ return PopCnt16[v.u[0]] + PopCnt16[v.u[1]] + PopCnt16[v.u[2]] + PopCnt16[v.u[3]];
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+
+ return (int)_mm_popcnt_u64(b);
+
+#else // Assumed gcc or compatible compiler
+
+ return __builtin_popcountll(b);
+
+#endif
+}
+
+
/// lsb() and msb() return the least/most significant bit in a non-zero bitboard
-#ifdef USE_BSFQ
+#if defined(__GNUC__) // GCC, Clang, ICC
-# if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+inline Square lsb(Bitboard b) {
+ assert(b);
+ return Square(__builtin_ctzll(b));
+}
-FORCE_INLINE Square lsb(Bitboard b) {
+inline Square msb(Bitboard b) {
+ assert(b);
+ return Square(63 ^ __builtin_clzll(b));
+}
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) // MSVC
+
+#ifdef _WIN64 // MSVC, WIN64
+
+inline Square lsb(Bitboard b) {
+ assert(b);
unsigned long idx;
_BitScanForward64(&idx, b);
return (Square) idx;
}
-FORCE_INLINE Square msb(Bitboard b) {
+inline Square msb(Bitboard b) {
+ assert(b);
unsigned long idx;
_BitScanReverse64(&idx, b);
return (Square) idx;
}
-# elif defined(__arm__)
+#else // MSVC, WIN32
-FORCE_INLINE int lsb32(uint32_t v) {
- __asm__("rbit %0, %1" : "=r"(v) : "r"(v));
- return __builtin_clz(v);
-}
-
-FORCE_INLINE Square msb(Bitboard b) {
- return (Square) (63 - __builtin_clzll(b));
-}
+inline Square lsb(Bitboard b) {
+ assert(b);
+ unsigned long idx;
-FORCE_INLINE Square lsb(Bitboard b) {
- return (Square) (uint32_t(b) ? lsb32(uint32_t(b)) : 32 + lsb32(uint32_t(b >> 32)));
+ if (b & 0xffffffff) {
+ _BitScanForward(&idx, int32_t(b));
+ return Square(idx);
+ } else {
+ _BitScanForward(&idx, int32_t(b >> 32));
+ return Square(idx + 32);
+ }
}
-# else // Assumed gcc or compatible compiler
-
-FORCE_INLINE Square lsb(Bitboard b) { // Assembly code by Heinz van Saanen
- Bitboard idx;
- __asm__("bsfq %1, %0": "=r"(idx): "rm"(b) );
- return (Square) idx;
-}
+inline Square msb(Bitboard b) {
+ assert(b);
+ unsigned long idx;
-FORCE_INLINE Square msb(Bitboard b) {
- Bitboard idx;
- __asm__("bsrq %1, %0": "=r"(idx): "rm"(b) );
- return (Square) idx;
+ if (b >> 32) {
+ _BitScanReverse(&idx, int32_t(b >> 32));
+ return Square(idx + 32);
+ } else {
+ _BitScanReverse(&idx, int32_t(b));
+ return Square(idx);
+ }
}
-# endif
+#endif
-#else // ifdef(USE_BSFQ)
+#else // Compiler is neither GCC nor MSVC compatible
-Square lsb(Bitboard b);
-Square msb(Bitboard b);
+#error "Compiler not supported."
#endif
/// pop_lsb() finds and clears the least significant bit in a non-zero bitboard
-FORCE_INLINE Square pop_lsb(Bitboard* b) {
+inline Square pop_lsb(Bitboard* b) {
+ assert(*b);
const Square s = lsb(*b);
*b &= *b - 1;
return s;
}
-/// frontmost_sq() and backmost_sq() return the square corresponding to the
-/// most/least advanced bit relative to the given color.
-
-inline Square frontmost_sq(Color c, Bitboard b) { return c == WHITE ? msb(b) : lsb(b); }
-inline Square backmost_sq(Color c, Bitboard b) { return c == WHITE ? lsb(b) : msb(b); }
+/// frontmost_sq() returns the most advanced square for the given color,
+/// requires a non-zero bitboard.
+inline Square frontmost_sq(Color c, Bitboard b) {
+ assert(b);
+ return c == WHITE ? msb(b) : lsb(b);
+}
#endif // #ifndef BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED
projects / stockfish / blobdiff