X-Git-Url: https://git.sesse.net/?p=stockfish;a=blobdiff_plain;f=src%2Fbitboard.cpp;h=dbaeb701cff9e6e29fc732895a71fda4408bc99e;hp=21cd34a2997812998b828901cbb575f0007afb4d;hb=158864270a055fe20dca4a87f4b7a8aa9cedfeb9;hpb=dfd030b67af4e651a73232ab15182fe669909ef1 diff --git a/src/bitboard.cpp b/src/bitboard.cpp index 21cd34a2..dbaeb701 100644 --- a/src/bitboard.cpp +++ b/src/bitboard.cpp @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ /* Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1 Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author) - Copyright (C) 2008-2012 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad + Copyright (C) 2008-2014 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by @@ -18,232 +18,206 @@ */ #include -#include -#include +#include // For memset #include "bitboard.h" #include "bitcount.h" -#include "rkiss.h" +#include "misc.h" + +Bitboard RookMasks[SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard RookMagics[SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard* RookAttacks[SQUARE_NB]; +unsigned RookShifts[SQUARE_NB]; + +Bitboard BishopMasks[SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard BishopMagics[SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard* BishopAttacks[SQUARE_NB]; +unsigned BishopShifts[SQUARE_NB]; + +Bitboard SquareBB[SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard FileBB[FILE_NB]; +Bitboard RankBB[RANK_NB]; +Bitboard AdjacentFilesBB[FILE_NB]; +Bitboard InFrontBB[COLOR_NB][RANK_NB]; +Bitboard StepAttacksBB[PIECE_NB][SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard BetweenBB[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard LineBB[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard DistanceRingsBB[SQUARE_NB][8]; +Bitboard ForwardBB[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard PassedPawnMask[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard PawnAttackSpan[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB]; +Bitboard PseudoAttacks[PIECE_TYPE_NB][SQUARE_NB]; + +int SquareDistance[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB]; -Bitboard RMasks[64]; -Bitboard RMagics[64]; -Bitboard* RAttacks[64]; -int RShifts[64]; +namespace { -Bitboard BMasks[64]; -Bitboard BMagics[64]; -Bitboard* BAttacks[64]; -int BShifts[64]; + // De Bruijn sequences. See chessprogramming.wikispaces.com/BitScan + const uint64_t DeBruijn_64 = 0x3F79D71B4CB0A89ULL; + const uint32_t DeBruijn_32 = 0x783A9B23; -Bitboard SetMaskBB[65]; -Bitboard ClearMaskBB[65]; + int MS1BTable[256]; + Square BSFTable[SQUARE_NB]; + Bitboard RookTable[0x19000]; // Storage space for rook attacks + Bitboard BishopTable[0x1480]; // Storage space for bishop attacks -Bitboard FileBB[8]; -Bitboard RankBB[8]; -Bitboard AdjacentFilesBB[8]; -Bitboard ThisAndAdjacentFilesBB[8]; -Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8]; -Bitboard StepAttacksBB[16][64]; -Bitboard BetweenBB[64][64]; -Bitboard SquaresInFrontMask[2][64]; -Bitboard PassedPawnMask[2][64]; -Bitboard AttackSpanMask[2][64]; + typedef unsigned (Fn)(Square, Bitboard); -Bitboard PseudoAttacks[6][64]; + void init_magics(Bitboard table[], Bitboard* attacks[], Bitboard magics[], + Bitboard masks[], unsigned shifts[], Square deltas[], Fn index); -uint8_t BitCount8Bit[256]; -int SquareDistance[64][64]; + FORCE_INLINE unsigned bsf_index(Bitboard b) { -namespace { + // Matt Taylor's folding for 32 bit systems, extended to 64 bits by Kim Walisch + b ^= (b - 1); + return Is64Bit ? (b * DeBruijn_64) >> 58 + : ((unsigned(b) ^ unsigned(b >> 32)) * DeBruijn_32) >> 26; + } +} - CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT +/// lsb()/msb() finds the least/most significant bit in a non-zero bitboard. +/// pop_lsb() finds and clears the least significant bit in a non-zero bitboard. - int BSFTable[64]; - Bitboard RTable[0x19000]; // Storage space for rook attacks - Bitboard BTable[0x1480]; // Storage space for bishop attacks +#ifndef USE_BSFQ - typedef unsigned (Fn)(Square, Bitboard); +Square lsb(Bitboard b) { return BSFTable[bsf_index(b)]; } - void init_magics(Bitboard table[], Bitboard* attacks[], Bitboard magics[], - Bitboard masks[], int shifts[], Square deltas[], Fn get_index); +Square pop_lsb(Bitboard* b) { + + Bitboard bb = *b; + *b = bb & (bb - 1); + return BSFTable[bsf_index(bb)]; } +Square msb(Bitboard b) { -/// print_bitboard() prints a bitboard in an easily readable format to the -/// standard output. This is sometimes useful for debugging. + unsigned b32; + int result = 0; -void print_bitboard(Bitboard b) { + if (b > 0xFFFFFFFF) + { + b >>= 32; + result = 32; + } + + b32 = unsigned(b); - for (Rank r = RANK_8; r >= RANK_1; r--) + if (b32 > 0xFFFF) { - std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << '\n'; - for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++) - std::cout << "| " << (bit_is_set(b, make_square(f, r)) ? "X " : " "); + b32 >>= 16; + result += 16; + } - std::cout << "|\n"; + if (b32 > 0xFF) + { + b32 >>= 8; + result += 8; } - std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl; + + return Square(result + MS1BTable[b32]); } +#endif // ifndef USE_BSFQ -/// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard. -/// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a -/// nonzero bitboard. -#if defined(IS_64BIT) && !defined(USE_BSFQ) +/// Bitboards::pretty() returns an ASCII representation of a bitboard to be +/// printed to standard output. This is sometimes useful for debugging. -Square first_1(Bitboard b) { - return Square(BSFTable[((b & -b) * 0x218A392CD3D5DBFULL) >> 58]); -} +const std::string Bitboards::pretty(Bitboard b) { -Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) { - Bitboard bb = *b; - *b &= (*b - 1); - return Square(BSFTable[((bb & -bb) * 0x218A392CD3D5DBFULL) >> 58]); -} + std::string s = "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+\n"; -#elif !defined(USE_BSFQ) + for (Rank r = RANK_8; r >= RANK_1; --r) + { + for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; ++f) + s.append(b & make_square(f, r) ? "| X " : "| "); -Square first_1(Bitboard b) { - b ^= (b - 1); - uint32_t fold = unsigned(b) ^ unsigned(b >> 32); - return Square(BSFTable[(fold * 0x783A9B23) >> 26]); -} + s.append("|\n+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+\n"); + } -// Use type-punning -union b_union { - - Bitboard b; - struct { -#if defined (BIGENDIAN) - uint32_t h; - uint32_t l; -#else - uint32_t l; - uint32_t h; -#endif - } dw; -}; - -Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* bb) { - - b_union u; - Square ret; - - u.b = *bb; - - if (u.dw.l) - { - ret = Square(BSFTable[((u.dw.l ^ (u.dw.l - 1)) * 0x783A9B23) >> 26]); - u.dw.l &= (u.dw.l - 1); - *bb = u.b; - return ret; - } - ret = Square(BSFTable[((~(u.dw.h ^ (u.dw.h - 1))) * 0x783A9B23) >> 26]); - u.dw.h &= (u.dw.h - 1); - *bb = u.b; - return ret; + return s; } -#endif // !defined(USE_BSFQ) - -/// bitboards_init() initializes various bitboard arrays. It is called during -/// program initialization. +/// Bitboards::init() initializes various bitboard tables. It is called at +/// startup and relies on global objects to be already zero-initialized. -void bitboards_init() { +void Bitboards::init() { - for (Bitboard b = 0; b < 256; b++) - BitCount8Bit[b] = (uint8_t)popcount(b); - - for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) + for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; ++s) { - SetMaskBB[s] = 1ULL << s; - ClearMaskBB[s] = ~SetMaskBB[s]; + SquareBB[s] = 1ULL << s; + BSFTable[bsf_index(SquareBB[s])] = s; } - ClearMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = ~0ULL; + for (Bitboard b = 1; b < 256; ++b) + MS1BTable[b] = more_than_one(b) ? MS1BTable[b - 1] : lsb(b); - FileBB[FILE_A] = FileABB; - RankBB[RANK_1] = Rank1BB; + for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; ++f) + FileBB[f] = f > FILE_A ? FileBB[f - 1] << 1 : FileABB; - for (int f = FILE_B; f <= FILE_H; f++) - { - FileBB[f] = FileBB[f - 1] << 1; - RankBB[f] = RankBB[f - 1] << 8; - } + for (Rank r = RANK_1; r <= RANK_8; ++r) + RankBB[r] = r > RANK_1 ? RankBB[r - 1] << 8 : Rank1BB; - for (int f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++) - { + for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; ++f) AdjacentFilesBB[f] = (f > FILE_A ? FileBB[f - 1] : 0) | (f < FILE_H ? FileBB[f + 1] : 0); - ThisAndAdjacentFilesBB[f] = FileBB[f] | AdjacentFilesBB[f]; - } - for (int rw = RANK_7, rb = RANK_2; rw >= RANK_1; rw--, rb++) - { - InFrontBB[WHITE][rw] = InFrontBB[WHITE][rw + 1] | RankBB[rw + 1]; - InFrontBB[BLACK][rb] = InFrontBB[BLACK][rb - 1] | RankBB[rb - 1]; - } + for (Rank r = RANK_1; r < RANK_8; ++r) + InFrontBB[WHITE][r] = ~(InFrontBB[BLACK][r + 1] = InFrontBB[BLACK][r] | RankBB[r]); - for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++) - for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) + for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; ++c) + for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; ++s) { - SquaresInFrontMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s); - PassedPawnMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_adjacent_files_bb(file_of(s)); - AttackSpanMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & adjacent_files_bb(file_of(s)); + ForwardBB[c][s] = InFrontBB[c][rank_of(s)] & FileBB[file_of(s)]; + PawnAttackSpan[c][s] = InFrontBB[c][rank_of(s)] & AdjacentFilesBB[file_of(s)]; + PassedPawnMask[c][s] = ForwardBB[c][s] | PawnAttackSpan[c][s]; } - for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++) - for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++) - SquareDistance[s1][s2] = std::max(file_distance(s1, s2), rank_distance(s1, s2)); - - for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) - if (!Is64Bit) // Matt Taylor's folding trick for 32 bit systems - { - Bitboard b = 1ULL << i; - b ^= b - 1; - b ^= b >> 32; - BSFTable[(uint32_t)(b * 0x783A9B23) >> 26] = i; - } - else - BSFTable[((1ULL << i) * 0x218A392CD3D5DBFULL) >> 58] = i; + for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; ++s1) + for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; ++s2) + if (s1 != s2) + { + SquareDistance[s1][s2] = std::max(distance(s1, s2), distance(s1, s2)); + DistanceRingsBB[s1][SquareDistance[s1][s2] - 1] |= s2; + } int steps[][9] = { {}, { 7, 9 }, { 17, 15, 10, 6, -6, -10, -15, -17 }, {}, {}, {}, { 9, 7, -7, -9, 8, 1, -1, -8 } }; - for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++) - for (PieceType pt = PAWN; pt <= KING; pt++) - for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) - for (int k = 0; steps[pt][k]; k++) + for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; ++c) + for (PieceType pt = PAWN; pt <= KING; ++pt) + for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; ++s) + for (int i = 0; steps[pt][i]; ++i) { - Square to = s + Square(c == WHITE ? steps[pt][k] : -steps[pt][k]); + Square to = s + Square(c == WHITE ? steps[pt][i] : -steps[pt][i]); - if (square_is_ok(to) && square_distance(s, to) < 3) - set_bit(&StepAttacksBB[make_piece(c, pt)][s], to); + if (is_ok(to) && distance(s, to) < 3) + StepAttacksBB[make_piece(c, pt)][s] |= to; } - Square RDeltas[] = { DELTA_N, DELTA_E, DELTA_S, DELTA_W }; - Square BDeltas[] = { DELTA_NE, DELTA_SE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW }; + Square RookDeltas[] = { DELTA_N, DELTA_E, DELTA_S, DELTA_W }; + Square BishopDeltas[] = { DELTA_NE, DELTA_SE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW }; - init_magics(RTable, RAttacks, RMagics, RMasks, RShifts, RDeltas, r_index); - init_magics(BTable, BAttacks, BMagics, BMasks, BShifts, BDeltas, b_index); + init_magics(RookTable, RookAttacks, RookMagics, RookMasks, RookShifts, RookDeltas, magic_index); + init_magics(BishopTable, BishopAttacks, BishopMagics, BishopMasks, BishopShifts, BishopDeltas, magic_index); - for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) + for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; ++s1) { - PseudoAttacks[BISHOP][s] = bishop_attacks_bb(s, 0); - PseudoAttacks[ROOK][s] = rook_attacks_bb(s, 0); - PseudoAttacks[QUEEN][s] = PseudoAttacks[BISHOP][s] | PseudoAttacks[ROOK][s]; - } + PseudoAttacks[QUEEN][s1] = PseudoAttacks[BISHOP][s1] = attacks_bb(s1, 0); + PseudoAttacks[QUEEN][s1] |= PseudoAttacks[ ROOK][s1] = attacks_bb< ROOK>(s1, 0); - for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++) - for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++) - if (bit_is_set(PseudoAttacks[QUEEN][s1], s2)) - { - Square delta = (s2 - s1) / square_distance(s1, s2); + for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; ++s2) + { + Piece pc = (PseudoAttacks[BISHOP][s1] & s2) ? W_BISHOP : + (PseudoAttacks[ROOK][s1] & s2) ? W_ROOK : NO_PIECE; - for (Square s = s1 + delta; s != s2; s += delta) - set_bit(&BetweenBB[s1][s2], s); - } + if (pc == NO_PIECE) + continue; + + LineBB[s1][s2] = (attacks_bb(pc, s1, 0) & attacks_bb(pc, s2, 0)) | s1 | s2; + BetweenBB[s1][s2] = attacks_bb(pc, s1, SquareBB[s2]) & attacks_bb(pc, s2, SquareBB[s1]); + } + } } @@ -253,14 +227,14 @@ namespace { Bitboard attack = 0; - for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) + for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) for (Square s = sq + deltas[i]; - square_is_ok(s) && square_distance(s, s - deltas[i]) == 1; + is_ok(s) && distance(s, s - deltas[i]) == 1; s += deltas[i]) { - set_bit(&attack, s); + attack |= s; - if (bit_is_set(occupied, s)) + if (occupied & s) break; } @@ -268,46 +242,23 @@ namespace { } - Bitboard pick_random(Bitboard mask, RKISS& rk, int booster) { - - Bitboard magic; - - // Values s1 and s2 are used to rotate the candidate magic of a - // quantity known to be the optimal to quickly find the magics. - int s1 = booster & 63, s2 = (booster >> 6) & 63; - - while (true) - { - magic = rk.rand(); - magic = (magic >> s1) | (magic << (64 - s1)); - magic &= rk.rand(); - magic = (magic >> s2) | (magic << (64 - s2)); - magic &= rk.rand(); - - if (BitCount8Bit[(mask * magic) >> 56] >= 6) - return magic; - } - } - - // init_magics() computes all rook and bishop attacks at startup. Magic // bitboards are used to look up attacks of sliding pieces. As a reference see // chessprogramming.wikispaces.com/Magic+Bitboards. In particular, here we // use the so called "fancy" approach. void init_magics(Bitboard table[], Bitboard* attacks[], Bitboard magics[], - Bitboard masks[], int shifts[], Square deltas[], Fn get_index) { + Bitboard masks[], unsigned shifts[], Square deltas[], Fn index) { - int MagicBoosters[][8] = { { 3191, 2184, 1310, 3618, 2091, 1308, 2452, 3996 }, - { 1059, 3608, 605, 3234, 3326, 38, 2029, 3043 } }; - RKISS rk; + int seeds[][RANK_NB] = { { 8977, 44560, 54343, 38998, 5731, 95205, 104912, 17020 }, + { 728, 10316, 55013, 32803, 12281, 15100, 16645, 255 } }; Bitboard occupancy[4096], reference[4096], edges, b; - int i, size, booster; + int i, size; // attacks[s] is a pointer to the beginning of the attacks table for square 's' attacks[SQ_A1] = table; - for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) + for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; ++s) { // Board edges are not considered in the relevant occupancies edges = ((Rank1BB | Rank8BB) & ~rank_bb(s)) | ((FileABB | FileHBB) & ~file_bb(s)); @@ -325,7 +276,12 @@ namespace { b = size = 0; do { occupancy[size] = b; - reference[size++] = sliding_attack(deltas, s, b); + reference[size] = sliding_attack(deltas, s, b); + + if (HasPext) + attacks[s][_pext_u64(b, masks[s])] = reference[size]; + + size++; b = (b - masks[s]) & masks[s]; } while (b); @@ -334,28 +290,36 @@ namespace { if (s < SQ_H8) attacks[s + 1] = attacks[s] + size; - booster = MagicBoosters[Is64Bit][rank_of(s)]; + if (HasPext) + continue; + + PRNG rng(seeds[Is64Bit][rank_of(s)]); // Find a magic for square 's' picking up an (almost) random number // until we find the one that passes the verification test. do { - magics[s] = pick_random(masks[s], rk, booster); - memset(attacks[s], 0, size * sizeof(Bitboard)); + do + magics[s] = rng.sparse_rand(); + while (popcount((magics[s] * masks[s]) >> 56) < 6); + + std::memset(attacks[s], 0, size * sizeof(Bitboard)); // A good magic must map every possible occupancy to an index that // looks up the correct sliding attack in the attacks[s] database. // Note that we build up the database for square 's' as a side // effect of verifying the magic. - for (i = 0; i < size; i++) + for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) { - Bitboard& attack = attacks[s][get_index(s, occupancy[i])]; + Bitboard& attack = attacks[s][index(s, occupancy[i])]; if (attack && attack != reference[i]) break; + assert(reference[i]); + attack = reference[i]; } - } while (i != size); + } while (i < size); } } }