X-Git-Url: https://git.sesse.net/?p=stockfish;a=blobdiff_plain;f=src%2Fposition.cpp;h=5faa9546c7f288dcee403879de40c5e185ce036a;hp=d48ec18cb0d69aead115584573e135d468a9ea06;hb=7196f4c2370d0c7acd8ec3ed8de7ecb7f0682123;hpb=ad2a0e356e395038a08324f9ff0afee7fc98b8e9 diff --git a/src/position.cpp b/src/position.cpp index d48ec18c..5faa9546 100644 --- a/src/position.cpp +++ b/src/position.cpp @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1 Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author) Copyright (C) 2008-2015 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad - Copyright (C) 2015-2018 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Gary Linscott, Tord Romstad + Copyright (C) 2015-2019 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Gary Linscott, Tord Romstad Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by @@ -36,10 +36,6 @@ using std::string; -namespace PSQT { - extern Score psq[PIECE_NB][SQUARE_NB]; -} - namespace Zobrist { Key psq[PIECE_NB][SQUARE_NB]; @@ -52,20 +48,20 @@ namespace { const string PieceToChar(" PNBRQK pnbrqk"); -const Piece Pieces[] = { W_PAWN, W_KNIGHT, W_BISHOP, W_ROOK, W_QUEEN, W_KING, - B_PAWN, B_KNIGHT, B_BISHOP, B_ROOK, B_QUEEN, B_KING }; +constexpr Piece Pieces[] = { W_PAWN, W_KNIGHT, W_BISHOP, W_ROOK, W_QUEEN, W_KING, + B_PAWN, B_KNIGHT, B_BISHOP, B_ROOK, B_QUEEN, B_KING }; // min_attacker() is a helper function used by see_ge() to locate the least // valuable attacker for the side to move, remove the attacker we just found // from the bitboards and scan for new X-ray attacks behind it. -template +template PieceType min_attacker(const Bitboard* byTypeBB, Square to, Bitboard stmAttackers, Bitboard& occupied, Bitboard& attackers) { Bitboard b = stmAttackers & byTypeBB[Pt]; if (!b) - return min_attacker(byTypeBB, to, stmAttackers, occupied, attackers); + return min_attacker(byTypeBB, to, stmAttackers, occupied, attackers); occupied ^= lsb(b); // Remove the attacker from occupied @@ -81,7 +77,7 @@ PieceType min_attacker(const Bitboard* byTypeBB, Square to, Bitboard stmAttacker // X-ray may add already processed pieces because byTypeBB[] is constant: in // the rook example, now attackers contains _again_ rook in a7, so remove it. attackers &= occupied; - return (PieceType)Pt; + return Pt; } template<> @@ -130,6 +126,19 @@ std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Position& pos) { } +// Marcel van Kervinck's cuckoo algorithm for fast detection of "upcoming repetition" +// situations. Description of the algorithm in the following paper: +// https://marcelk.net/2013-04-06/paper/upcoming-rep-v2.pdf + +// First and second hash functions for indexing the cuckoo tables +inline int H1(Key h) { return h & 0x1fff; } +inline int H2(Key h) { return (h >> 16) & 0x1fff; } + +// Cuckoo tables with Zobrist hashes of valid reversible moves, and the moves themselves +Key cuckoo[8192]; +Move cuckooMove[8192]; + + /// Position::init() initializes at startup the various arrays used to compute /// hash keys. @@ -157,6 +166,30 @@ void Position::init() { Zobrist::side = rng.rand(); Zobrist::noPawns = rng.rand(); + + // Prepare the cuckoo tables + std::memset(cuckoo, 0, sizeof(cuckoo)); + std::memset(cuckooMove, 0, sizeof(cuckooMove)); + int count = 0; + for (Piece pc : Pieces) + for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; ++s1) + for (Square s2 = Square(s1 + 1); s2 <= SQ_H8; ++s2) + if (PseudoAttacks[type_of(pc)][s1] & s2) + { + Move move = make_move(s1, s2); + Key key = Zobrist::psq[pc][s1] ^ Zobrist::psq[pc][s2] ^ Zobrist::side; + int i = H1(key); + while (true) + { + std::swap(cuckoo[i], key); + std::swap(cuckooMove[i], move); + if (move == MOVE_NONE) // Arrived at empty slot? + break; + i = (i == H1(key)) ? H2(key) : H1(key); // Push victim to alternative slot + } + count++; + } + assert(count == 3668); } @@ -285,8 +318,6 @@ Position& Position::set(const string& fenStr, bool isChess960, StateInfo* si, Th thisThread = th; set_state(st); - assert(pos_is_ok()); - return *this; } @@ -297,24 +328,18 @@ Position& Position::set(const string& fenStr, bool isChess960, StateInfo* si, Th void Position::set_castling_right(Color c, Square rfrom) { Square kfrom = square(c); - CastlingSide cs = kfrom < rfrom ? KING_SIDE : QUEEN_SIDE; - CastlingRight cr = (c | cs); + CastlingRights cr = c & (kfrom < rfrom ? KING_SIDE: QUEEN_SIDE); st->castlingRights |= cr; castlingRightsMask[kfrom] |= cr; castlingRightsMask[rfrom] |= cr; castlingRookSquare[cr] = rfrom; - Square kto = relative_square(c, cs == KING_SIDE ? SQ_G1 : SQ_C1); - Square rto = relative_square(c, cs == KING_SIDE ? SQ_F1 : SQ_D1); + Square kto = relative_square(c, cr & KING_SIDE ? SQ_G1 : SQ_C1); + Square rto = relative_square(c, cr & KING_SIDE ? SQ_F1 : SQ_D1); - for (Square s = std::min(rfrom, rto); s <= std::max(rfrom, rto); ++s) - if (s != kfrom && s != rfrom) - castlingPath[cr] |= s; - - for (Square s = std::min(kfrom, kto); s <= std::max(kfrom, kto); ++s) - if (s != kfrom && s != rfrom) - castlingPath[cr] |= s; + castlingPath[cr] = (between_bb(rfrom, rto) | between_bb(kfrom, kto) | rto | kto) + & ~(square_bb(kfrom) | rfrom); } @@ -322,8 +347,8 @@ void Position::set_castling_right(Color c, Square rfrom) { void Position::set_check_info(StateInfo* si) const { - si->blockersForKing[WHITE] = slider_blockers(pieces(BLACK), square(WHITE), si->pinnersForKing[WHITE]); - si->blockersForKing[BLACK] = slider_blockers(pieces(WHITE), square(BLACK), si->pinnersForKing[BLACK]); + si->blockersForKing[WHITE] = slider_blockers(pieces(BLACK), square(WHITE), si->pinners[BLACK]); + si->blockersForKing[BLACK] = slider_blockers(pieces(WHITE), square(BLACK), si->pinners[WHITE]); Square ksq = square(~sideToMove); @@ -346,7 +371,6 @@ void Position::set_state(StateInfo* si) const { si->key = si->materialKey = 0; si->pawnKey = Zobrist::noPawns; si->nonPawnMaterial[WHITE] = si->nonPawnMaterial[BLACK] = VALUE_ZERO; - si->psq = SCORE_ZERO; si->checkersBB = attackers_to(square(sideToMove)) & pieces(~sideToMove); set_check_info(si); @@ -356,7 +380,12 @@ void Position::set_state(StateInfo* si) const { Square s = pop_lsb(&b); Piece pc = piece_on(s); si->key ^= Zobrist::psq[pc][s]; - si->psq += PSQT::psq[pc][s]; + + if (type_of(pc) == PAWN) + si->pawnKey ^= Zobrist::psq[pc][s]; + + else if (type_of(pc) != KING) + si->nonPawnMaterial[color_of(pc)] += PieceValue[MG][pc]; } if (si->epSquare != SQ_NONE) @@ -367,20 +396,9 @@ void Position::set_state(StateInfo* si) const { si->key ^= Zobrist::castling[si->castlingRights]; - for (Bitboard b = pieces(PAWN); b; ) - { - Square s = pop_lsb(&b); - si->pawnKey ^= Zobrist::psq[piece_on(s)][s]; - } - for (Piece pc : Pieces) - { - if (type_of(pc) != PAWN && type_of(pc) != KING) - si->nonPawnMaterial[color_of(pc)] += pieceCount[pc] * PieceValue[MG][pc]; - for (int cnt = 0; cnt < pieceCount[pc]; ++cnt) si->materialKey ^= Zobrist::psq[pc][cnt]; - } } @@ -434,18 +452,18 @@ const string Position::fen() const { ss << (sideToMove == WHITE ? " w " : " b "); if (can_castle(WHITE_OO)) - ss << (chess960 ? char('A' + file_of(castling_rook_square(WHITE | KING_SIDE))) : 'K'); + ss << (chess960 ? char('A' + file_of(castling_rook_square(WHITE_OO ))) : 'K'); if (can_castle(WHITE_OOO)) - ss << (chess960 ? char('A' + file_of(castling_rook_square(WHITE | QUEEN_SIDE))) : 'Q'); + ss << (chess960 ? char('A' + file_of(castling_rook_square(WHITE_OOO))) : 'Q'); if (can_castle(BLACK_OO)) - ss << (chess960 ? char('a' + file_of(castling_rook_square(BLACK | KING_SIDE))) : 'k'); + ss << (chess960 ? char('a' + file_of(castling_rook_square(BLACK_OO ))) : 'k'); if (can_castle(BLACK_OOO)) - ss << (chess960 ? char('a' + file_of(castling_rook_square(BLACK | QUEEN_SIDE))) : 'q'); + ss << (chess960 ? char('a' + file_of(castling_rook_square(BLACK_OOO))) : 'q'); - if (!can_castle(WHITE) && !can_castle(BLACK)) + if (!can_castle(ANY_CASTLING)) ss << '-'; ss << (ep_square() == SQ_NONE ? " - " : " " + UCI::square(ep_square()) + " ") @@ -467,14 +485,15 @@ Bitboard Position::slider_blockers(Bitboard sliders, Square s, Bitboard& pinners Bitboard blockers = 0; pinners = 0; - // Snipers are sliders that attack 's' when a piece is removed + // Snipers are sliders that attack 's' when a piece and other snipers are removed Bitboard snipers = ( (PseudoAttacks[ ROOK][s] & pieces(QUEEN, ROOK)) | (PseudoAttacks[BISHOP][s] & pieces(QUEEN, BISHOP))) & sliders; + Bitboard occupancy = pieces() ^ snipers; while (snipers) { Square sniperSq = pop_lsb(&snipers); - Bitboard b = between_bb(s, sniperSq) & pieces(); + Bitboard b = between_bb(s, sniperSq) & occupancy; if (b && !more_than_one(b)) { @@ -509,6 +528,7 @@ bool Position::legal(Move m) const { Color us = sideToMove; Square from = from_sq(m); + Square to = to_sq(m); assert(color_of(moved_piece(m)) == us); assert(piece_on(square(us)) == make_piece(us, KING)); @@ -519,7 +539,6 @@ bool Position::legal(Move m) const { if (type_of(m) == ENPASSANT) { Square ksq = square(us); - Square to = to_sq(m); Square capsq = to - pawn_push(us); Bitboard occupied = (pieces() ^ from ^ capsq) | to; @@ -532,16 +551,35 @@ bool Position::legal(Move m) const { && !(attacks_bb(ksq, occupied) & pieces(~us, QUEEN, BISHOP)); } - // If the moving piece is a king, check whether the destination - // square is attacked by the opponent. Castling moves are checked - // for legality during move generation. + // Castling moves generation does not check if the castling path is clear of + // enemy attacks, it is delayed at a later time: now! + if (type_of(m) == CASTLING) + { + // After castling, the rook and king final positions are the same in + // Chess960 as they would be in standard chess. + to = relative_square(us, to > from ? SQ_G1 : SQ_C1); + Direction step = to > from ? WEST : EAST; + + for (Square s = to; s != from; s += step) + if (attackers_to(s) & pieces(~us)) + return false; + + // In case of Chess960, verify that when moving the castling rook we do + // not discover some hidden checker. + // For instance an enemy queen in SQ_A1 when castling rook is in SQ_B1. + return !chess960 + || !(attacks_bb(to, pieces() ^ to_sq(m)) & pieces(~us, ROOK, QUEEN)); + } + + // If the moving piece is a king, check whether the destination square is + // attacked by the opponent. if (type_of(piece_on(from)) == KING) - return type_of(m) == CASTLING || !(attackers_to(to_sq(m)) & pieces(~us)); + return !(attackers_to(to) & pieces(~us)); // A non-king move is legal if and only if it is not pinned or it // is moving along the ray towards or away from the king. return !(blockers_for_king(us) & from) - || aligned(from, to_sq(m), square(us)); + || aligned(from, to, square(us)); } @@ -578,7 +616,7 @@ bool Position::pseudo_legal(const Move m) const { { // We have already handled promotion moves, so destination // cannot be on the 8th/1st rank. - if (rank_of(to) == relative_rank(us, RANK_8)) + if ((Rank8BB | Rank1BB) & to) return false; if ( !(attacks_from(from, us) & pieces(~us) & to) // Not a capture @@ -717,7 +755,6 @@ void Position::do_move(Move m, StateInfo& newSt, bool givesCheck) { Square rfrom, rto; do_castling(us, from, to, rfrom, rto); - st->psq += PSQT::psq[captured][rto] - PSQT::psq[captured][rfrom]; k ^= Zobrist::psq[captured][rfrom] ^ Zobrist::psq[captured][rto]; captured = NO_PIECE; } @@ -756,9 +793,6 @@ void Position::do_move(Move m, StateInfo& newSt, bool givesCheck) { st->materialKey ^= Zobrist::psq[captured][pieceCount[captured]]; prefetch(thisThread->materialTable[st->materialKey]); - // Update incremental scores - st->psq -= PSQT::psq[captured][capsq]; - // Reset rule 50 counter st->rule50 = 0; } @@ -812,24 +846,17 @@ void Position::do_move(Move m, StateInfo& newSt, bool givesCheck) { st->materialKey ^= Zobrist::psq[promotion][pieceCount[promotion]-1] ^ Zobrist::psq[pc][pieceCount[pc]]; - // Update incremental score - st->psq += PSQT::psq[promotion][to] - PSQT::psq[pc][to]; - // Update material st->nonPawnMaterial[us] += PieceValue[MG][promotion]; } // Update pawn hash key and prefetch access to pawnsTable st->pawnKey ^= Zobrist::psq[pc][from] ^ Zobrist::psq[pc][to]; - prefetch2(thisThread->pawnsTable[st->pawnKey]); // Reset rule 50 draw counter st->rule50 = 0; } - // Update incremental scores - st->psq += PSQT::psq[pc][to] - PSQT::psq[pc][from]; - // Set capture piece st->capturedPiece = captured; @@ -844,6 +871,25 @@ void Position::do_move(Move m, StateInfo& newSt, bool givesCheck) { // Update king attacks used for fast check detection set_check_info(st); + // Calculate the repetition info. It is the ply distance from the previous + // occurrence of the same position, negative in the 3-fold case, or zero + // if the position was not repeated. + st->repetition = 0; + int end = std::min(st->rule50, st->pliesFromNull); + if (end >= 4) + { + StateInfo* stp = st->previous->previous; + for (int i = 4; i <= end; i += 2) + { + stp = stp->previous->previous; + if (stp->key == st->key) + { + st->repetition = stp->repetition ? -i : i; + break; + } + } + } + assert(pos_is_ok()); } @@ -959,6 +1005,8 @@ void Position::do_null_move(StateInfo& newSt) { set_check_info(st); + st->repetition = 0; + assert(pos_is_ok()); } @@ -1036,8 +1084,8 @@ bool Position::see_ge(Move m, Value threshold) const { stmAttackers = attackers & pieces(stm); // Don't allow pinned pieces to attack (except the king) as long as - // all pinners are on their original square. - if (!(st->pinnersForKing[stm] & ~occupied)) + // any pinners are on their original square. + if (st->pinners[~stm] & occupied) stmAttackers &= ~st->blockersForKing[stm]; // If stm has no more attackers then give up: stm loses @@ -1082,25 +1130,78 @@ bool Position::is_draw(int ply) const { if (st->rule50 > 99 && (!checkers() || MoveList(*this).size())) return true; + // Return a draw score if a position repeats once earlier but strictly + // after the root, or repeats twice before or at the root. + if (st->repetition && st->repetition < ply) + return true; + + return false; +} + + +// Position::has_repeated() tests whether there has been at least one repetition +// of positions since the last capture or pawn move. + +bool Position::has_repeated() const { + + StateInfo* stc = st; + int end = std::min(st->rule50, st->pliesFromNull); + while (end-- >= 4) + { + if (stc->repetition) + return true; + + stc = stc->previous; + } + return false; +} + + +/// Position::has_game_cycle() tests if the position has a move which draws by repetition, +/// or an earlier position has a move that directly reaches the current position. + +bool Position::has_game_cycle(int ply) const { + + int j; + int end = std::min(st->rule50, st->pliesFromNull); - if (end < 4) + if (end < 3) return false; - StateInfo* stp = st->previous->previous; - int cnt = 0; + Key originalKey = st->key; + StateInfo* stp = st->previous; - for (int i = 4; i <= end; i += 2) + for (int i = 3; i <= end; i += 2) { stp = stp->previous->previous; - // Return a draw score if a position repeats once earlier but strictly - // after the root, or repeats twice before or at the root. - if ( stp->key == st->key - && ++cnt + (ply > i) == 2) - return true; - } + Key moveKey = originalKey ^ stp->key; + if ( (j = H1(moveKey), cuckoo[j] == moveKey) + || (j = H2(moveKey), cuckoo[j] == moveKey)) + { + Move move = cuckooMove[j]; + Square s1 = from_sq(move); + Square s2 = to_sq(move); + if (!(between_bb(s1, s2) & pieces())) + { + if (ply > i) + return true; + + // For nodes before or at the root, check that the move is a + // repetition rather than a move to the current position. + // In the cuckoo table, both moves Rc1c5 and Rc5c1 are stored in + // the same location, so we have to select which square to check. + if (color_of(piece_on(empty(s1) ? s2 : s1)) != side_to_move()) + continue; + + // For repetitions before or at the root, require one more + if (stp->repetition) + return true; + } + } + } return false; } @@ -1146,7 +1247,7 @@ void Position::flip() { bool Position::pos_is_ok() const { - const bool Fast = true; // Quick (default) or full check? + constexpr bool Fast = true; // Quick (default) or full check? if ( (sideToMove != WHITE && sideToMove != BLACK) || piece_on(square(WHITE)) != W_KING @@ -1195,15 +1296,15 @@ bool Position::pos_is_ok() const { assert(0 && "pos_is_ok: Index"); } - for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; ++c) - for (CastlingSide s = KING_SIDE; s <= QUEEN_SIDE; s = CastlingSide(s + 1)) + for (Color c : { WHITE, BLACK }) + for (CastlingRights cr : {c & KING_SIDE, c & QUEEN_SIDE}) { - if (!can_castle(c | s)) + if (!can_castle(cr)) continue; - if ( piece_on(castlingRookSquare[c | s]) != make_piece(c, ROOK) - || castlingRightsMask[castlingRookSquare[c | s]] != (c | s) - || (castlingRightsMask[square(c)] & (c | s)) != (c | s)) + if ( piece_on(castlingRookSquare[cr]) != make_piece(c, ROOK) + || castlingRightsMask[castlingRookSquare[cr]] != cr + || (castlingRightsMask[square(c)] & cr) != cr) assert(0 && "pos_is_ok: Castling"); }