X-Git-Url: https://git.sesse.net/?p=stockfish;a=blobdiff_plain;f=src%2Fsearch.cpp;h=b4096ebad3559edc4dad28a99091e1365bad910e;hp=1be87a8107363f376a8da4404cf4761339d995af;hb=fae57273b20468f534cce5843152a21214b5da05;hpb=8db75dd9ec05410136898aa2f8c6dc720b755eb8 diff --git a/src/search.cpp b/src/search.cpp index 1be87a81..b4096eba 100644 --- a/src/search.cpp +++ b/src/search.cpp @@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ #include "movepick.h" #include "position.h" #include "search.h" -#include "timeman.h" #include "thread.h" +#include "timeman.h" #include "tt.h" #include "uci.h" #include "syzygy/tbprobe.h" @@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ namespace Tablebases { bool RootInTB; bool UseRule50; Depth ProbeDepth; - Value Score; } namespace TB = Tablebases; @@ -63,12 +62,11 @@ namespace { enum NodeType { NonPV, PV }; // Sizes and phases of the skip-blocks, used for distributing search depths across the threads - const int SkipSize[] = { 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4 }; - const int SkipPhase[] = { 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 }; + constexpr int SkipSize[] = { 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4 }; + constexpr int SkipPhase[] = { 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 }; // Razor and futility margins - const int RazorMargin1 = 590; - const int RazorMargin2 = 604; + constexpr int RazorMargin[] = {0, 590, 604}; Value futility_margin(Depth d, bool improving) { return Value((175 - 50 * improving) * d / ONE_PLY); } @@ -84,7 +82,7 @@ namespace { // History and stats update bonus, based on depth int stat_bonus(Depth depth) { int d = depth / ONE_PLY; - return d > 17 ? 0 : d * d + 2 * d - 2; + return d > 17 ? 0 : 33 * d * d + 66 * d - 66; } // Skill structure is used to implement strength limit @@ -99,7 +97,7 @@ namespace { }; template - Value search(Position& pos, Stack* ss, Value alpha, Value beta, Depth depth, bool cutNode, bool skipEarlyPruning); + Value search(Position& pos, Stack* ss, Value alpha, Value beta, Depth depth, bool cutNode); template Value qsearch(Position& pos, Stack* ss, Value alpha, Value beta, Depth depth = DEPTH_ZERO); @@ -161,7 +159,7 @@ void Search::init() { Reductions[PV][imp][d][mc] = std::max(Reductions[NonPV][imp][d][mc] - 1, 0); // Increase reduction for non-PV nodes when eval is not improving - if (!imp && Reductions[NonPV][imp][d][mc] >= 2) + if (!imp && r > 1.0) Reductions[NonPV][imp][d][mc]++; } @@ -288,16 +286,17 @@ void Thread::search() { MainThread* mainThread = (this == Threads.main() ? Threads.main() : nullptr); double timeReduction = 1.0; Color us = rootPos.side_to_move(); + bool failedLow; std::memset(ss-4, 0, 7 * sizeof(Stack)); for (int i = 4; i > 0; i--) - (ss-i)->contHistory = this->contHistory[NO_PIECE][0].get(); // Use as sentinel + (ss-i)->continuationHistory = this->continuationHistory[NO_PIECE][0].get(); // Use as sentinel bestValue = delta = alpha = -VALUE_INFINITE; beta = VALUE_INFINITE; if (mainThread) - mainThread->bestMoveChanges = 0, mainThread->failedLow = false; + mainThread->bestMoveChanges = 0, failedLow = false; size_t multiPV = Options["MultiPV"]; Skill skill(Options["Skill Level"]); @@ -309,9 +308,19 @@ void Thread::search() { multiPV = std::min(multiPV, rootMoves.size()); - int ct = Options["Contempt"] * PawnValueEg / 100; // From centipawns - Eval::Contempt = (us == WHITE ? make_score(ct, ct / 2) - : -make_score(ct, ct / 2)); + int ct = int(Options["Contempt"]) * PawnValueEg / 100; // From centipawns + + // In analysis mode, adjust contempt in accordance with user preference + if (Limits.infinite || Options["UCI_AnalyseMode"]) + ct = Options["Analysis Contempt"] == "Off" ? 0 + : Options["Analysis Contempt"] == "Both" ? ct + : Options["Analysis Contempt"] == "White" && us == BLACK ? -ct + : Options["Analysis Contempt"] == "Black" && us == WHITE ? -ct + : ct; + + // In evaluate.cpp the evaluation is from the white point of view + contempt = (us == WHITE ? make_score(ct, ct / 2) + : -make_score(ct, ct / 2)); // Iterative deepening loop until requested to stop or the target depth is reached while ( (rootDepth += ONE_PLY) < DEPTH_MAX @@ -322,39 +331,49 @@ void Thread::search() { if (idx > 0) { int i = (idx - 1) % 20; - if (((rootDepth / ONE_PLY + rootPos.game_ply() + SkipPhase[i]) / SkipSize[i]) % 2) + if (((rootDepth / ONE_PLY + SkipPhase[i]) / SkipSize[i]) % 2) continue; // Retry with an incremented rootDepth } // Age out PV variability metric if (mainThread) - mainThread->bestMoveChanges *= 0.517, mainThread->failedLow = false; + mainThread->bestMoveChanges *= 0.517, failedLow = false; // Save the last iteration's scores before first PV line is searched and // all the move scores except the (new) PV are set to -VALUE_INFINITE. for (RootMove& rm : rootMoves) rm.previousScore = rm.score; + size_t pvFirst = 0; + pvLast = 0; + // MultiPV loop. We perform a full root search for each PV line - for (PVIdx = 0; PVIdx < multiPV && !Threads.stop; ++PVIdx) + for (pvIdx = 0; pvIdx < multiPV && !Threads.stop; ++pvIdx) { + if (pvIdx == pvLast) + { + pvFirst = pvLast; + for (pvLast++; pvLast < rootMoves.size(); pvLast++) + if (rootMoves[pvLast].tbRank != rootMoves[pvFirst].tbRank) + break; + } + // Reset UCI info selDepth for each depth and each PV line selDepth = 0; // Reset aspiration window starting size if (rootDepth >= 5 * ONE_PLY) { + Value previousScore = rootMoves[pvIdx].previousScore; delta = Value(18); - alpha = std::max(rootMoves[PVIdx].previousScore - delta,-VALUE_INFINITE); - beta = std::min(rootMoves[PVIdx].previousScore + delta, VALUE_INFINITE); - - ct = Options["Contempt"] * PawnValueEg / 100; // From centipawns + alpha = std::max(previousScore - delta,-VALUE_INFINITE); + beta = std::min(previousScore + delta, VALUE_INFINITE); - // Adjust contempt based on current bestValue (dynamic contempt) - ct += int(std::round(48 * atan(float(bestValue) / 128))); + // Adjust contempt based on root move's previousScore (dynamic contempt) + int dct = ct + 88 * previousScore / (abs(previousScore) + 200); - Eval::Contempt = (us == WHITE ? make_score(ct, ct / 2) - : -make_score(ct, ct / 2)); + contempt = (us == WHITE ? make_score(dct, dct / 2) + : -make_score(dct, dct / 2)); } // Start with a small aspiration window and, in the case of a fail @@ -362,7 +381,7 @@ void Thread::search() { // high/low anymore. while (true) { - bestValue = ::search(rootPos, ss, alpha, beta, rootDepth, false, false); + bestValue = ::search(rootPos, ss, alpha, beta, rootDepth, false); // Bring the best move to the front. It is critical that sorting // is done with a stable algorithm because all the values but the @@ -370,7 +389,7 @@ void Thread::search() { // and we want to keep the same order for all the moves except the // new PV that goes to the front. Note that in case of MultiPV // search the already searched PV lines are preserved. - std::stable_sort(rootMoves.begin() + PVIdx, rootMoves.end()); + std::stable_sort(rootMoves.begin() + pvIdx, rootMoves.begin() + pvLast); // If search has been stopped, we break immediately. Sorting is // safe because RootMoves is still valid, although it refers to @@ -395,7 +414,7 @@ void Thread::search() { if (mainThread) { - mainThread->failedLow = true; + failedLow = true; Threads.stopOnPonderhit = false; } } @@ -410,10 +429,10 @@ void Thread::search() { } // Sort the PV lines searched so far and update the GUI - std::stable_sort(rootMoves.begin(), rootMoves.begin() + PVIdx + 1); + std::stable_sort(rootMoves.begin() + pvFirst, rootMoves.begin() + pvIdx + 1); if ( mainThread - && (Threads.stop || PVIdx + 1 == multiPV || Time.elapsed() > 3000)) + && (Threads.stop || pvIdx + 1 == multiPV || Time.elapsed() > 3000)) sync_cout << UCI::pv(rootPos, rootDepth, alpha, beta) << sync_endl; } @@ -443,7 +462,7 @@ void Thread::search() { && !Threads.stop && !Threads.stopOnPonderhit) { - const int F[] = { mainThread->failedLow, + const int F[] = { failedLow, bestValue - mainThread->previousScore }; int improvingFactor = std::max(246, std::min(832, 306 + 119 * F[0] - 6 * F[1])); @@ -455,12 +474,12 @@ void Thread::search() { timeReduction *= 1.25; // Use part of the gained time from a previous stable move for the current move - double unstablePvFactor = 1.0 + mainThread->bestMoveChanges; - unstablePvFactor *= std::pow(mainThread->previousTimeReduction, 0.528) / timeReduction; + double bestMoveInstability = 1.0 + mainThread->bestMoveChanges; + bestMoveInstability *= std::pow(mainThread->previousTimeReduction, 0.528) / timeReduction; // Stop the search if we have only one legal move, or if available time elapsed if ( rootMoves.size() == 1 - || Time.elapsed() > Time.optimum() * unstablePvFactor * improvingFactor / 581) + || Time.elapsed() > Time.optimum() * bestMoveInstability * improvingFactor / 581) { // If we are allowed to ponder do not stop the search now but // keep pondering until the GUI sends "ponderhit" or "stop". @@ -489,11 +508,27 @@ namespace { // search<>() is the main search function for both PV and non-PV nodes template - Value search(Position& pos, Stack* ss, Value alpha, Value beta, Depth depth, bool cutNode, bool skipEarlyPruning) { + Value search(Position& pos, Stack* ss, Value alpha, Value beta, Depth depth, bool cutNode) { - const bool PvNode = NT == PV; + constexpr bool PvNode = NT == PV; const bool rootNode = PvNode && ss->ply == 0; + // Check if we have an upcoming move which draws by repetition, or + // if the opponent had an alternative move earlier to this position. + if ( pos.rule50_count() >= 3 + && alpha < VALUE_DRAW + && !rootNode + && pos.has_game_cycle(ss->ply)) + { + alpha = VALUE_DRAW; + if (alpha >= beta) + return alpha; + } + + // Dive into quiescence search when the depth reaches zero + if (depth < ONE_PLY) + return qsearch(pos, ss, alpha, beta); + assert(-VALUE_INFINITE <= alpha && alpha < beta && beta <= VALUE_INFINITE); assert(PvNode || (alpha == beta - 1)); assert(DEPTH_ZERO < depth && depth < DEPTH_MAX); @@ -507,7 +542,7 @@ namespace { Move ttMove, move, excludedMove, bestMove; Depth extension, newDepth; Value bestValue, value, ttValue, eval, maxValue; - bool ttHit, inCheck, givesCheck, singularExtensionNode, improving; + bool ttHit, inCheck, givesCheck, improving; bool captureOrPromotion, doFullDepthSearch, moveCountPruning, skipQuiets, ttCapture, pvExact; Piece movedPiece; int moveCount, captureCount, quietCount; @@ -515,6 +550,7 @@ namespace { // Step 1. Initialize node Thread* thisThread = pos.this_thread(); inCheck = pos.checkers(); + Color us = pos.side_to_move(); moveCount = captureCount = quietCount = ss->moveCount = 0; bestValue = -VALUE_INFINITE; maxValue = VALUE_INFINITE; @@ -551,7 +587,7 @@ namespace { (ss+1)->ply = ss->ply + 1; ss->currentMove = (ss+1)->excludedMove = bestMove = MOVE_NONE; - ss->contHistory = thisThread->contHistory[NO_PIECE][0].get(); + ss->continuationHistory = thisThread->continuationHistory[NO_PIECE][0].get(); (ss+2)->killers[0] = (ss+2)->killers[1] = MOVE_NONE; Square prevSq = to_sq((ss-1)->currentMove); @@ -569,7 +605,7 @@ namespace { posKey = pos.key() ^ Key(excludedMove << 16); // Isn't a very good hash tte = TT.probe(posKey, ttHit); ttValue = ttHit ? value_from_tt(tte->value(), ss->ply) : VALUE_NONE; - ttMove = rootNode ? thisThread->rootMoves[thisThread->PVIdx].pv[0] + ttMove = rootNode ? thisThread->rootMoves[thisThread->pvIdx].pv[0] : ttHit ? tte->move() : MOVE_NONE; // At non-PV nodes we check for an early TT cutoff @@ -596,7 +632,7 @@ namespace { else if (!pos.capture_or_promotion(ttMove)) { int penalty = -stat_bonus(depth); - thisThread->mainHistory[pos.side_to_move()][from_to(ttMove)] << penalty; + thisThread->mainHistory[us][from_to(ttMove)] << penalty; update_continuation_histories(ss, pos.moved_piece(ttMove), to_sq(ttMove), penalty); } } @@ -634,7 +670,7 @@ namespace { { tte->save(posKey, value_to_tt(value, ss->ply), b, std::min(DEPTH_MAX - ONE_PLY, depth + 6 * ONE_PLY), - MOVE_NONE, VALUE_NONE, TT.generation()); + MOVE_NONE, VALUE_NONE); return value; } @@ -650,12 +686,12 @@ namespace { } } - // Step 6. Evaluate the position statically + // Step 6. Static evaluation of the position if (inCheck) { ss->staticEval = eval = VALUE_NONE; improving = false; - goto moves_loop; + goto moves_loop; // Skip early pruning when in check } else if (ttHit) { @@ -675,45 +711,39 @@ namespace { : -(ss-1)->staticEval + 2 * Eval::Tempo; tte->save(posKey, VALUE_NONE, BOUND_NONE, DEPTH_NONE, MOVE_NONE, - ss->staticEval, TT.generation()); + ss->staticEval); } - improving = ss->staticEval >= (ss-2)->staticEval - ||(ss-2)->staticEval == VALUE_NONE; - - if (skipEarlyPruning || !pos.non_pawn_material(pos.side_to_move())) - goto moves_loop; - - // Step 7. Razoring (skipped when in check) + // Step 7. Razoring (~2 Elo) if ( !PvNode - && depth <= 2 * ONE_PLY) + && depth < 3 * ONE_PLY + && eval <= alpha - RazorMargin[depth / ONE_PLY]) { - if ( depth == ONE_PLY - && eval + RazorMargin1 <= alpha) - return qsearch(pos, ss, alpha, alpha+1); - - else if (eval + RazorMargin2 <= alpha) - { - Value ralpha = alpha - RazorMargin2; - Value v = qsearch(pos, ss, ralpha, ralpha+1); - - if (v <= ralpha) - return v; - } + Value ralpha = alpha - (depth >= 2 * ONE_PLY) * RazorMargin[depth / ONE_PLY]; + Value v = qsearch(pos, ss, ralpha, ralpha+1); + if (depth < 2 * ONE_PLY || v <= ralpha) + return v; } - // Step 8. Futility pruning: child node (skipped when in check) + improving = ss->staticEval >= (ss-2)->staticEval + || (ss-2)->staticEval == VALUE_NONE; + + // Step 8. Futility pruning: child node (~30 Elo) if ( !rootNode && depth < 7 * ONE_PLY && eval - futility_margin(depth, improving) >= beta && eval < VALUE_KNOWN_WIN) // Do not return unproven wins return eval; - // Step 9. Null move search with verification search + // Step 9. Null move search with verification search (~40 Elo) if ( !PvNode + && (ss-1)->currentMove != MOVE_NULL + && (ss-1)->statScore < 22500 && eval >= beta && ss->staticEval >= beta - 36 * depth / ONE_PLY + 225 - && (ss->ply >= thisThread->nmp_ply || ss->ply % 2 != thisThread->nmp_odd)) + && !excludedMove + && pos.non_pawn_material(us) + && (ss->ply >= thisThread->nmpMinPly || us != thisThread->nmpColor)) { assert(eval - beta >= 0); @@ -721,11 +751,12 @@ namespace { Depth R = ((823 + 67 * depth / ONE_PLY) / 256 + std::min((eval - beta) / PawnValueMg, 3)) * ONE_PLY; ss->currentMove = MOVE_NULL; - ss->contHistory = thisThread->contHistory[NO_PIECE][0].get(); + ss->continuationHistory = thisThread->continuationHistory[NO_PIECE][0].get(); pos.do_null_move(st); - Value nullValue = depth-R < ONE_PLY ? -qsearch(pos, ss+1, -beta, -beta+1) - : - search(pos, ss+1, -beta, -beta+1, depth-R, !cutNode, true); + + Value nullValue = -search(pos, ss+1, -beta, -beta+1, depth-R, !cutNode); + pos.undo_null_move(); if (nullValue >= beta) @@ -734,33 +765,32 @@ namespace { if (nullValue >= VALUE_MATE_IN_MAX_PLY) nullValue = beta; - if (abs(beta) < VALUE_KNOWN_WIN && (depth < 12 * ONE_PLY || thisThread->nmp_ply)) + if (thisThread->nmpMinPly || (abs(beta) < VALUE_KNOWN_WIN && depth < 12 * ONE_PLY)) return nullValue; - // Do verification search at high depths. Disable null move pruning - // for side to move for the first part of the remaining search tree. - thisThread->nmp_ply = ss->ply + 3 * (depth-R) / 4; - thisThread->nmp_odd = ss->ply % 2; + assert(!thisThread->nmpMinPly); // Recursive verification is not allowed + + // Do verification search at high depths, with null move pruning disabled + // for us, until ply exceeds nmpMinPly. + thisThread->nmpMinPly = ss->ply + 3 * (depth-R) / 4; + thisThread->nmpColor = us; - Value v = depth-R < ONE_PLY ? qsearch(pos, ss, beta-1, beta) - : search(pos, ss, beta-1, beta, depth-R, false, true); + Value v = search(pos, ss, beta-1, beta, depth-R, false); - thisThread->nmp_odd = thisThread->nmp_ply = 0; + thisThread->nmpMinPly = 0; if (v >= beta) return nullValue; } } - // Step 10. ProbCut (skipped when in check) + // Step 10. ProbCut (~10 Elo) // If we have a good enough capture and a reduced search returns a value // much above beta, we can (almost) safely prune the previous move. if ( !PvNode && depth >= 5 * ONE_PLY && abs(beta) < VALUE_MATE_IN_MAX_PLY) { - assert(is_ok((ss-1)->currentMove)); - Value rbeta = std::min(beta + 216 - 48 * improving, VALUE_INFINITE); MovePicker mp(pos, ttMove, rbeta - ss->staticEval, &thisThread->captureHistory); int probCutCount = 0; @@ -772,7 +802,7 @@ namespace { probCutCount++; ss->currentMove = move; - ss->contHistory = thisThread->contHistory[pos.moved_piece(move)][to_sq(move)].get(); + ss->continuationHistory = thisThread->continuationHistory[pos.moved_piece(move)][to_sq(move)].get(); assert(depth >= 5 * ONE_PLY); @@ -783,7 +813,7 @@ namespace { // If the qsearch held perform the regular search if (value >= rbeta) - value = -search(pos, ss+1, -rbeta, -rbeta+1, depth - 4 * ONE_PLY, !cutNode, false); + value = -search(pos, ss+1, -rbeta, -rbeta+1, depth - 4 * ONE_PLY, !cutNode); pos.undo_move(move); @@ -792,13 +822,11 @@ namespace { } } - // Step 11. Internal iterative deepening (skipped when in check) - if ( depth >= 6 * ONE_PLY - && !ttMove - && (PvNode || ss->staticEval + 256 >= beta)) + // Step 11. Internal iterative deepening (~2 Elo) + if ( depth >= 8 * ONE_PLY + && !ttMove) { - Depth d = 3 * depth / 4 - 2 * ONE_PLY; - search(pos, ss, alpha, beta, d, cutNode, true); + search(pos, ss, alpha, beta, depth - 7 * ONE_PLY, cutNode); tte = TT.probe(posKey, ttHit); ttValue = ttHit ? value_from_tt(tte->value(), ss->ply) : VALUE_NONE; @@ -807,19 +835,16 @@ namespace { moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here - const PieceToHistory* contHist[] = { (ss-1)->contHistory, (ss-2)->contHistory, nullptr, (ss-4)->contHistory }; + const PieceToHistory* contHist[] = { (ss-1)->continuationHistory, (ss-2)->continuationHistory, nullptr, (ss-4)->continuationHistory }; Move countermove = thisThread->counterMoves[pos.piece_on(prevSq)][prevSq]; - MovePicker mp(pos, ttMove, depth, &thisThread->mainHistory, &thisThread->captureHistory, contHist, countermove, ss->killers); + MovePicker mp(pos, ttMove, depth, &thisThread->mainHistory, + &thisThread->captureHistory, + contHist, + countermove, + ss->killers); value = bestValue; // Workaround a bogus 'uninitialized' warning under gcc - singularExtensionNode = !rootNode - && depth >= 8 * ONE_PLY - && ttMove != MOVE_NONE - && ttValue != VALUE_NONE - && !excludedMove // Recursive singular search is not allowed - && (tte->bound() & BOUND_LOWER) - && tte->depth() >= depth - 3 * ONE_PLY; skipQuiets = false; ttCapture = false; pvExact = PvNode && ttHit && tte->bound() == BOUND_EXACT; @@ -835,9 +860,10 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here // At root obey the "searchmoves" option and skip moves not listed in Root // Move List. As a consequence any illegal move is also skipped. In MultiPV - // mode we also skip PV moves which have been already searched. - if (rootNode && !std::count(thisThread->rootMoves.begin() + thisThread->PVIdx, - thisThread->rootMoves.end(), move)) + // mode we also skip PV moves which have been already searched and those + // of lower "TB rank" if we are in a TB root position. + if (rootNode && !std::count(thisThread->rootMoves.begin() + thisThread->pvIdx, + thisThread->rootMoves.begin() + thisThread->pvLast, move)) continue; ss->moveCount = ++moveCount; @@ -845,7 +871,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here if (rootNode && thisThread == Threads.main() && Time.elapsed() > 3000) sync_cout << "info depth " << depth / ONE_PLY << " currmove " << UCI::move(move, pos.is_chess960()) - << " currmovenumber " << moveCount + thisThread->PVIdx << sync_endl; + << " currmovenumber " << moveCount + thisThread->pvIdx << sync_endl; if (PvNode) (ss+1)->pv = nullptr; @@ -857,26 +883,31 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here moveCountPruning = depth < 16 * ONE_PLY && moveCount >= FutilityMoveCounts[improving][depth / ONE_PLY]; - // Step 13. Extensions + // Step 13. Extensions (~70 Elo) - // Singular extension search. If all moves but one fail low on a search - // of (alpha-s, beta-s), and just one fails high on (alpha, beta), then - // that move is singular and should be extended. To verify this we do a - // reduced search on on all the other moves but the ttMove and if the + // Singular extension search (~60 Elo). If all moves but one fail low on a + // search of (alpha-s, beta-s), and just one fails high on (alpha, beta), + // then that move is singular and should be extended. To verify this we do + // a reduced search on on all the other moves but the ttMove and if the // result is lower than ttValue minus a margin then we will extend the ttMove. - if ( singularExtensionNode + if ( depth >= 8 * ONE_PLY && move == ttMove + && !rootNode + && !excludedMove // Recursive singular search is not allowed + && ttValue != VALUE_NONE + && (tte->bound() & BOUND_LOWER) + && tte->depth() >= depth - 3 * ONE_PLY && pos.legal(move)) { Value rBeta = std::max(ttValue - 2 * depth / ONE_PLY, -VALUE_MATE); ss->excludedMove = move; - value = search(pos, ss, rBeta - 1, rBeta, depth / 2, cutNode, true); + value = search(pos, ss, rBeta - 1, rBeta, depth / 2, cutNode); ss->excludedMove = MOVE_NONE; if (value < rBeta) extension = ONE_PLY; } - else if ( givesCheck // Check extension + else if ( givesCheck // Check extension (~2 Elo) && !moveCountPruning && pos.see_ge(move)) extension = ONE_PLY; @@ -884,16 +915,16 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here // Calculate new depth for this move newDepth = depth - ONE_PLY + extension; - // Step 14. Pruning at shallow depth + // Step 14. Pruning at shallow depth (~170 Elo) if ( !rootNode - && pos.non_pawn_material(pos.side_to_move()) + && pos.non_pawn_material(us) && bestValue > VALUE_MATED_IN_MAX_PLY) { if ( !captureOrPromotion && !givesCheck && (!pos.advanced_pawn_push(move) || pos.non_pawn_material() >= Value(5000))) { - // Move count based pruning + // Move count based pruning (~30 Elo) if (moveCountPruning) { skipQuiets = true; @@ -903,25 +934,23 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here // Reduced depth of the next LMR search int lmrDepth = std::max(newDepth - reduction(improving, depth, moveCount), DEPTH_ZERO) / ONE_PLY; - // Countermoves based pruning - if ( lmrDepth < 3 + // Countermoves based pruning (~20 Elo) + if ( lmrDepth < 3 + ((ss-1)->statScore > 0) && (*contHist[0])[movedPiece][to_sq(move)] < CounterMovePruneThreshold && (*contHist[1])[movedPiece][to_sq(move)] < CounterMovePruneThreshold) continue; - // Futility pruning: parent node + // Futility pruning: parent node (~2 Elo) if ( lmrDepth < 7 && !inCheck && ss->staticEval + 256 + 200 * lmrDepth <= alpha) continue; - // Prune moves with negative SEE - if ( lmrDepth < 8 - && !pos.see_ge(move, Value(-35 * lmrDepth * lmrDepth))) + // Prune moves with negative SEE (~10 Elo) + if (!pos.see_ge(move, Value(-29 * lmrDepth * lmrDepth))) continue; } - else if ( depth < 7 * ONE_PLY - && !extension + else if ( !extension // (~20 Elo) && !pos.see_ge(move, -PawnValueEg * (depth / ONE_PLY))) continue; } @@ -941,7 +970,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here // Update the current move (this must be done after singular extension search) ss->currentMove = move; - ss->contHistory = thisThread->contHistory[movedPiece][to_sq(move)].get(); + ss->continuationHistory = thisThread->continuationHistory[movedPiece][to_sq(move)].get(); // Step 15. Make the move pos.do_move(move, st, givesCheck); @@ -954,53 +983,57 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here { Depth r = reduction(improving, depth, moveCount); - if (captureOrPromotion) - r -= r ? ONE_PLY : DEPTH_ZERO; + if (captureOrPromotion) // (~5 Elo) + { + // Decrease reduction by comparing opponent's stat score + if ((ss-1)->statScore < 0) + r -= ONE_PLY; + } else { - // Decrease reduction if opponent's move count is high + // Decrease reduction if opponent's move count is high (~5 Elo) if ((ss-1)->moveCount > 15) r -= ONE_PLY; - // Decrease reduction for exact PV nodes + // Decrease reduction for exact PV nodes (~0 Elo) if (pvExact) r -= ONE_PLY; - // Increase reduction if ttMove is a capture + // Increase reduction if ttMove is a capture (~0 Elo) if (ttCapture) r += ONE_PLY; - // Increase reduction for cut nodes + // Increase reduction for cut nodes (~5 Elo) if (cutNode) r += 2 * ONE_PLY; // Decrease reduction for moves that escape a capture. Filter out // castling moves, because they are coded as "king captures rook" and - // hence break make_move(). + // hence break make_move(). (~5 Elo) else if ( type_of(move) == NORMAL && !pos.see_ge(make_move(to_sq(move), from_sq(move)))) r -= 2 * ONE_PLY; - ss->statScore = thisThread->mainHistory[~pos.side_to_move()][from_to(move)] + ss->statScore = thisThread->mainHistory[us][from_to(move)] + (*contHist[0])[movedPiece][to_sq(move)] + (*contHist[1])[movedPiece][to_sq(move)] + (*contHist[3])[movedPiece][to_sq(move)] - 4000; - // Decrease/increase reduction by comparing opponent's stat score + // Decrease/increase reduction by comparing opponent's stat score (~10 Elo) if (ss->statScore >= 0 && (ss-1)->statScore < 0) r -= ONE_PLY; else if ((ss-1)->statScore >= 0 && ss->statScore < 0) r += ONE_PLY; - // Decrease/increase reduction for moves with a good/bad history - r = std::max(DEPTH_ZERO, (r / ONE_PLY - ss->statScore / 20000) * ONE_PLY); + // Decrease/increase reduction for moves with a good/bad history (~30 Elo) + r -= ss->statScore / 20000 * ONE_PLY; } - Depth d = std::max(newDepth - r, ONE_PLY); + Depth d = std::max(newDepth - std::max(r, DEPTH_ZERO), ONE_PLY); - value = -search(pos, ss+1, -(alpha+1), -alpha, d, true, false); + value = -search(pos, ss+1, -(alpha+1), -alpha, d, true); doFullDepthSearch = (value > alpha && d != newDepth); } @@ -1009,8 +1042,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here // Step 17. Full depth search when LMR is skipped or fails high if (doFullDepthSearch) - value = newDepth < ONE_PLY ? -qsearch(pos, ss+1, -(alpha+1), -alpha) - : - search(pos, ss+1, -(alpha+1), -alpha, newDepth, !cutNode, false); + value = -search(pos, ss+1, -(alpha+1), -alpha, newDepth, !cutNode); // For PV nodes only, do a full PV search on the first move or after a fail // high (in the latter case search only if value < beta), otherwise let the @@ -1020,8 +1052,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here (ss+1)->pv = pv; (ss+1)->pv[0] = MOVE_NONE; - value = newDepth < ONE_PLY ? -qsearch(pos, ss+1, -beta, -alpha) - : - search(pos, ss+1, -beta, -alpha, newDepth, false, false); + value = -search(pos, ss+1, -beta, -alpha, newDepth, false); } // Step 18. Undo move @@ -1082,6 +1113,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here else { assert(value >= beta); // Fail high + ss->statScore = 0; break; } } @@ -1119,16 +1151,17 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here { // Quiet best move: update move sorting heuristics if (!pos.capture_or_promotion(bestMove)) - update_quiet_stats(pos, ss, bestMove, quietsSearched, quietCount, stat_bonus(depth)); - else - update_capture_stats(pos, bestMove, capturesSearched, captureCount, stat_bonus(depth)); + update_quiet_stats(pos, ss, bestMove, quietsSearched, quietCount, + stat_bonus(depth + (bestValue > beta + PawnValueMg ? ONE_PLY : DEPTH_ZERO))); + + update_capture_stats(pos, bestMove, capturesSearched, captureCount, stat_bonus(depth + ONE_PLY)); // Extra penalty for a quiet TT move in previous ply when it gets refuted if ((ss-1)->moveCount == 1 && !pos.captured_piece()) update_continuation_histories(ss-1, pos.piece_on(prevSq), prevSq, -stat_bonus(depth + ONE_PLY)); } // Bonus for prior countermove that caused the fail low - else if ( depth >= 3 * ONE_PLY + else if ( (depth >= 3 * ONE_PLY || PvNode) && !pos.captured_piece() && is_ok((ss-1)->currentMove)) update_continuation_histories(ss-1, pos.piece_on(prevSq), prevSq, stat_bonus(depth)); @@ -1140,7 +1173,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here tte->save(posKey, value_to_tt(bestValue, ss->ply), bestValue >= beta ? BOUND_LOWER : PvNode && bestMove ? BOUND_EXACT : BOUND_UPPER, - depth, bestMove, ss->staticEval, TT.generation()); + depth, bestMove, ss->staticEval); assert(bestValue > -VALUE_INFINITE && bestValue < VALUE_INFINITE); @@ -1153,8 +1186,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here template Value qsearch(Position& pos, Stack* ss, Value alpha, Value beta, Depth depth) { - const bool PvNode = NT == PV; - const bool inCheck = bool(pos.checkers()); + constexpr bool PvNode = NT == PV; assert(alpha >= -VALUE_INFINITE && alpha < beta && beta <= VALUE_INFINITE); assert(PvNode || (alpha == beta - 1)); @@ -1168,7 +1200,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here Move ttMove, move, bestMove; Depth ttDepth; Value bestValue, value, ttValue, futilityValue, futilityBase, oldAlpha; - bool ttHit, givesCheck, evasionPrunable; + bool ttHit, inCheck, givesCheck, evasionPrunable; int moveCount; if (PvNode) @@ -1178,8 +1210,11 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here ss->pv[0] = MOVE_NONE; } + Thread* thisThread = pos.this_thread(); (ss+1)->ply = ss->ply + 1; ss->currentMove = bestMove = MOVE_NONE; + ss->continuationHistory = thisThread->continuationHistory[NO_PIECE][0].get(); + inCheck = pos.checkers(); moveCount = 0; // Check for an immediate draw or maximum ply reached @@ -1204,8 +1239,8 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here && ttHit && tte->depth() >= ttDepth && ttValue != VALUE_NONE // Only in case of TT access race - && (ttValue >= beta ? (tte->bound() & BOUND_LOWER) - : (tte->bound() & BOUND_UPPER))) + && (ttValue >= beta ? (tte->bound() & BOUND_LOWER) + : (tte->bound() & BOUND_UPPER))) return ttValue; // Evaluate the position statically @@ -1223,7 +1258,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here ss->staticEval = bestValue = evaluate(pos); // Can ttValue be used as a better position evaluation? - if ( ttValue != VALUE_NONE + if ( ttValue != VALUE_NONE && (tte->bound() & (ttValue > bestValue ? BOUND_LOWER : BOUND_UPPER))) bestValue = ttValue; } @@ -1237,7 +1272,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here { if (!ttHit) tte->save(posKey, value_to_tt(bestValue, ss->ply), BOUND_LOWER, - DEPTH_NONE, MOVE_NONE, ss->staticEval, TT.generation()); + DEPTH_NONE, MOVE_NONE, ss->staticEval); return bestValue; } @@ -1248,11 +1283,16 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here futilityBase = bestValue + 128; } + const PieceToHistory* contHist[] = { (ss-1)->continuationHistory, (ss-2)->continuationHistory, nullptr, (ss-4)->continuationHistory }; + // Initialize a MovePicker object for the current position, and prepare // to search the moves. Because the depth is <= 0 here, only captures, // queen promotions and checks (only if depth >= DEPTH_QS_CHECKS) will // be generated. - MovePicker mp(pos, ttMove, depth, &pos.this_thread()->mainHistory, &pos.this_thread()->captureHistory, to_sq((ss-1)->currentMove)); + MovePicker mp(pos, ttMove, depth, &thisThread->mainHistory, + &thisThread->captureHistory, + contHist, + to_sq((ss-1)->currentMove)); // Loop through the moves until no moves remain or a beta cutoff occurs while ((move = mp.next_move()) != MOVE_NONE) @@ -1308,6 +1348,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here } ss->currentMove = move; + ss->continuationHistory = thisThread->continuationHistory[pos.moved_piece(move)][to_sq(move)].get(); // Make and search the move pos.do_move(move, st, givesCheck); @@ -1334,7 +1375,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here else // Fail high { tte->save(posKey, value_to_tt(value, ss->ply), BOUND_LOWER, - ttDepth, move, ss->staticEval, TT.generation()); + ttDepth, move, ss->staticEval); return value; } @@ -1349,7 +1390,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here tte->save(posKey, value_to_tt(bestValue, ss->ply), PvNode && bestValue > oldAlpha ? BOUND_EXACT : BOUND_UPPER, - ttDepth, bestMove, ss->staticEval, TT.generation()); + ttDepth, bestMove, ss->staticEval); assert(bestValue > -VALUE_INFINITE && bestValue < VALUE_INFINITE); @@ -1399,7 +1440,7 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here for (int i : {1, 2, 4}) if (is_ok((ss-i)->currentMove)) - (*(ss-i)->contHistory)[pc][to] << bonus; + (*(ss-i)->continuationHistory)[pc][to] << bonus; } @@ -1411,7 +1452,9 @@ moves_loop: // When in check, search starts from here CapturePieceToHistory& captureHistory = pos.this_thread()->captureHistory; Piece moved_piece = pos.moved_piece(move); PieceType captured = type_of(pos.piece_on(to_sq(move))); - captureHistory[moved_piece][to_sq(move)][captured] << bonus; + + if (pos.capture_or_promotion(move)) + captureHistory[moved_piece][to_sq(move)][captured] << bonus; // Decrease all the other played capture moves for (int i = 0; i < captureCnt; ++i) @@ -1501,7 +1544,7 @@ void MainThread::check_time() { static TimePoint lastInfoTime = now(); - int elapsed = Time.elapsed(); + TimePoint elapsed = Time.elapsed(); TimePoint tick = Limits.startTime + elapsed; if (tick - lastInfoTime >= 1000) @@ -1527,16 +1570,16 @@ void MainThread::check_time() { string UCI::pv(const Position& pos, Depth depth, Value alpha, Value beta) { std::stringstream ss; - int elapsed = Time.elapsed() + 1; + TimePoint elapsed = Time.elapsed() + 1; const RootMoves& rootMoves = pos.this_thread()->rootMoves; - size_t PVIdx = pos.this_thread()->PVIdx; + size_t pvIdx = pos.this_thread()->pvIdx; size_t multiPV = std::min((size_t)Options["MultiPV"], rootMoves.size()); uint64_t nodesSearched = Threads.nodes_searched(); uint64_t tbHits = Threads.tb_hits() + (TB::RootInTB ? rootMoves.size() : 0); for (size_t i = 0; i < multiPV; ++i) { - bool updated = (i <= PVIdx && rootMoves[i].score != -VALUE_INFINITE); + bool updated = (i <= pvIdx && rootMoves[i].score != -VALUE_INFINITE); if (depth == ONE_PLY && !updated) continue; @@ -1545,7 +1588,7 @@ string UCI::pv(const Position& pos, Depth depth, Value alpha, Value beta) { Value v = updated ? rootMoves[i].score : rootMoves[i].previousScore; bool tb = TB::RootInTB && abs(v) < VALUE_MATE - MAX_PLY; - v = tb ? TB::Score : v; + v = tb ? rootMoves[i].tbScore : v; if (ss.rdbuf()->in_avail()) // Not at first line ss << "\n"; @@ -1556,7 +1599,7 @@ string UCI::pv(const Position& pos, Depth depth, Value alpha, Value beta) { << " multipv " << i + 1 << " score " << UCI::value(v); - if (!tb && i == PVIdx) + if (!tb && i == pvIdx) ss << (v >= beta ? " lowerbound" : v <= alpha ? " upperbound" : ""); ss << " nodes " << nodesSearched @@ -1606,52 +1649,49 @@ bool RootMove::extract_ponder_from_tt(Position& pos) { return pv.size() > 1; } - -void Tablebases::filter_root_moves(Position& pos, Search::RootMoves& rootMoves) { +void Tablebases::rank_root_moves(Position& pos, Search::RootMoves& rootMoves) { RootInTB = false; - UseRule50 = Options["Syzygy50MoveRule"]; - ProbeDepth = Options["SyzygyProbeDepth"] * ONE_PLY; - Cardinality = Options["SyzygyProbeLimit"]; + UseRule50 = bool(Options["Syzygy50MoveRule"]); + ProbeDepth = int(Options["SyzygyProbeDepth"]) * ONE_PLY; + Cardinality = int(Options["SyzygyProbeLimit"]); + bool dtz_available = true; - // Skip TB probing when no TB found: !TBLargest -> !TB::Cardinality + // Tables with fewer pieces than SyzygyProbeLimit are searched with + // ProbeDepth == DEPTH_ZERO if (Cardinality > MaxCardinality) { Cardinality = MaxCardinality; ProbeDepth = DEPTH_ZERO; } - if (Cardinality < popcount(pos.pieces()) || pos.can_castle(ANY_CASTLING)) - return; - - // Don't filter any moves if the user requested analysis on multiple - if (Options["MultiPV"] != 1) - return; + if (Cardinality >= popcount(pos.pieces()) && !pos.can_castle(ANY_CASTLING)) + { + // Rank moves using DTZ tables + RootInTB = root_probe(pos, rootMoves); - // If the current root position is in the tablebases, then RootMoves - // contains only moves that preserve the draw or the win. - RootInTB = root_probe(pos, rootMoves, TB::Score); + if (!RootInTB) + { + // DTZ tables are missing; try to rank moves using WDL tables + dtz_available = false; + RootInTB = root_probe_wdl(pos, rootMoves); + } + } if (RootInTB) - Cardinality = 0; // Do not probe tablebases during the search - - else // If DTZ tables are missing, use WDL tables as a fallback { - // Filter out moves that do not preserve the draw or the win. - RootInTB = root_probe_wdl(pos, rootMoves, TB::Score); + // Sort moves according to TB rank + std::sort(rootMoves.begin(), rootMoves.end(), + [](const RootMove &a, const RootMove &b) { return a.tbRank > b.tbRank; } ); - // Only probe during search if winning - if (RootInTB && TB::Score <= VALUE_DRAW) + // Probe during search only if DTZ is not available and we are winning + if (dtz_available || rootMoves[0].tbScore <= VALUE_DRAW) Cardinality = 0; } - - if (RootInTB && !UseRule50) - TB::Score = TB::Score > VALUE_DRAW ? VALUE_MATE - MAX_PLY - 1 - : TB::Score < VALUE_DRAW ? -VALUE_MATE + MAX_PLY + 1 - : VALUE_DRAW; - - // Since root_probe() and root_probe_wdl() dirty the root move scores, - // we reset them to -VALUE_INFINITE - for (RootMove& rm : rootMoves) - rm.score = -VALUE_INFINITE; + else + { + // Assign the same rank to all moves + for (auto& m : rootMoves) + m.tbRank = 0; + } }