Replace the PassedDanger array by an equation

This equation seems to do as well as the current PassedDanger array.

Master values were: 3, 7, 11, 20
The new values given by the equation are: 3, 6, 11, 18

STC:
LLR: 2.95 (-2.94,2.94) [-3.00,1.00]
Total: 84301 W: 18155 L: 18156 D: 47990
http://tests.stockfishchess.org/tests/view/5bda03180ebc595e0ae2518e

LTC:
LLR: 2.96 (-2.94,2.94) [-3.00,1.00]
Total: 7940 W: 1358 L: 1217 D: 5365
http://tests.stockfishchess.org/tests/view/5bdc69880ebc595e0ae27d28

We stopped a LTC run after 70000 games:
LLR: 0.74 (-2.94,2.94) [0.00,4.00]
Total: 70257 W: 11319 L: 11064 D: 47874
http://tests.stockfishchess.org/tests/view/5bdca8420ebc595e0ae281a9

Bench: 3913185