Synopsis
********

The generic syntax is:

     ffmpeg [[infile options][-i INFILE]]... {[outfile options] OUTFILE}...

Description
***********

FFmpeg is a very fast video and audio converter. It can also grab from a live audio/video source.

The command line interface is designed to be intuitive, in the sense that FFmpeg tries to figure out all parameters that can possibly be derived automatically. You usually only have to specify the target bitrate you want.

FFmpeg can also convert from any sample rate to any other, and resize video on the fly with a high quality polyphase filter.

As a general rule, options are applied to the next specified file. Therefore, order is important, and you can have the same option on the command line multiple times. Each occurrence is then applied to the next input or output file.

* To set the video bitrate of the output file to 64kbit/s:

     ffmpeg -i input.avi -b 64k output.avi

* To force the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:

     ffmpeg -i input.avi -r 24 output.avi

* To force the frame rate of the input file (valid for raw formats only) to 1 fps and the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:

     ffmpeg -r 1 -i input.m2v -r 24 output.avi

The format option may be needed for raw input files.

By default, FFmpeg tries to convert as losslessly as possible: It uses the same audio and video parameters for the outputs as the one specified for the inputs.

Options
*******

     [file fftools-common-opts.texi not included]

Main options
============

-f FMT
     Force format.

-i FILENAME
     input file name

-y
     Overwrite output files.

-t DURATION
     Restrict the transcoded/captured video sequence to the duration specified in seconds. hh:mm:ss[.xxx] syntax is also supported.

-fs LIMIT_SIZE
     Set the file size limit.

-ss POSITION
     Seek to given time position in seconds. hh:mm:ss[.xxx] syntax is also supported.

-itsoffset OFFSET
     Set the input time offset in seconds. [-]hh:mm:ss[.xxx] syntax is also supported. This option affects all the input files that follow it. The offset is added to the timestamps of the input files. Specifying a positive offset means that the corresponding streams are delayed by 'offset' seconds.

-timestamp TIME
     Set the recording timestamp in the container. The syntax for TIME is:

          now|([(YYYY-MM-DD|YYYYMMDD)[T|t| ]]((HH[:MM[:SS[.m...]]])|(HH[MM[SS[.m...]]]))[Z|z])

     If the value is "now" it takes the current time. Time is local time unless 'Z' or 'z' is appended, in which case it is interpreted as UTC. If the year-month-day part is not specified it takes the current year-month-day.

-metadata KEY=VALUE
     Set a metadata key/value pair.

     For example, for setting the title in the output file:

          ffmpeg -i in.avi -metadata title="my title" out.flv

-v NUMBER
     Set the logging verbosity level.

-target TYPE
     Specify target file type ("vcd", "svcd", "dvd", "dv", "dv50", "pal-vcd", "ntsc-svcd", ... ). All the format options (bitrate, codecs, buffer sizes) are then set automatically. You can just type:

          ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd /tmp/vcd.mpg

     Nevertheless you can specify additional options as long as you know they do not conflict with the standard, as in:

          ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd -bf 2 /tmp/vcd.mpg

-dframes NUMBER
     Set the number of data frames to record.

-scodec CODEC
     Force subtitle codec ('copy' to copy stream).

-newsubtitle
     Add a new subtitle stream to the current output stream.

-slang CODE
     Set the ISO 639 language code (3 letters) of the current subtitle stream.

Video Options
=============

-b BITRATE
     Set the video bitrate in bit/s (default = 200 kb/s).

-vframes NUMBER
     Set the number of video frames to record.

-r FPS
     Set frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation), (default = 25).

-s SIZE
     Set frame size. The format is wxh (ffserver default = 160x128, ffmpeg default = same as source). The following abbreviations are recognized:

     sqcif
          128x96

     qcif
          176x144

     cif
          352x288

     4cif
          704x576

     16cif
          1408x1152

     qqvga
          160x120

     qvga
          320x240

     vga
          640x480

     svga
          800x600

     xga
          1024x768

     uxga
          1600x1200

     qxga
          2048x1536

     sxga
          1280x1024

     qsxga
          2560x2048

     hsxga
          5120x4096

     wvga
          852x480

     wxga
          1366x768

     wsxga
          1600x1024

     wuxga
          1920x1200

     woxga
          2560x1600

     wqsxga
          3200x2048

     wquxga
          3840x2400

     whsxga
          6400x4096

     whuxga
          7680x4800

     cga
          320x200

     ega
          640x350

     hd480
          852x480

     hd720
          1280x720

     hd1080
          1920x1080

-aspect ASPECT
     Set aspect ratio (4:3, 16:9 or 1.3333, 1.7777).

-croptop SIZE

-cropbottom SIZE

-cropleft SIZE

-cropright SIZE
     All the crop options have been removed. Use -vf crop=width:height:x:y instead.

-padtop SIZE

-padbottom SIZE

-padleft SIZE

-padright SIZE

-padcolor HEX_COLOR
     All the pad options have been removed. Use -vf pad=width:height:x:y:color instead.

-vn
     Disable video recording.

-bt TOLERANCE
     Set video bitrate tolerance (in bits, default 4000k). Has a minimum value of: (target_bitrate/target_framerate). In 1-pass mode, bitrate tolerance specifies how far ratecontrol is willing to deviate from the target average bitrate value. This is not related to min/max bitrate. Lowering tolerance too much has an adverse effect on quality.

-maxrate BITRATE
     Set max video bitrate (in bit/s). Requires -bufsize to be set.

-minrate BITRATE
     Set min video bitrate (in bit/s). Most useful in setting up a CBR encode:

          ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -b 4000k -minrate 4000k -maxrate 4000k -bufsize 1835k out.m2v

     It is of little use elsewise.

-bufsize SIZE
     Set video buffer verifier buffer size (in bits).

-vcodec CODEC
     Force video codec to CODEC. Use the copy special value to tell that the raw codec data must be copied as is.

-sameq
     Use same video quality as source (implies VBR).

-pass N
     Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is used to do two-pass video encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first pass into a log file (see also the option -passlogfile), and in the second pass that log file is used to generate the video at the exact requested bitrate. On pass 1, you may just deactivate audio and set output to null, examples for Windows and Unix:

          ffmpeg -i foo.mov -vcodec libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y NUL
          ffmpeg -i foo.mov -vcodec libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y /dev/null

-passlogfile PREFIX
     Set two-pass log file name prefix to PREFIX, the default file name prefix is ``ffmpeg2pass''. The complete file name will be PREFIX-N.log, where N is a number specific to the output stream.

-newvideo
     Add a new video stream to the current output stream.

-vlang CODE
     Set the ISO 639 language code (3 letters) of the current video stream.

-vf FILTER_GRAPH
     FILTER_GRAPH is a description of the filter graph to apply to the input video. Use the option "-filters" to show all the available filters (including also sources and sinks).

Advanced Video Options
======================

-pix_fmt FORMAT
     Set pixel format. Use 'list' as parameter to show all the supported pixel formats.

-sws_flags FLAGS
     Set SwScaler flags.

-g GOP_SIZE
     Set the group of pictures size.

-intra
     Use only intra frames.

-vdt N
     Discard threshold.

-qscale Q
     Use fixed video quantizer scale (VBR).

-qmin Q
     minimum video quantizer scale (VBR)

-qmax Q
     maximum video quantizer scale (VBR)

-qdiff Q
     maximum difference between the quantizer scales (VBR)

-qblur BLUR
     video quantizer scale blur (VBR) (range 0.0 - 1.0)

-qcomp COMPRESSION
     video quantizer scale compression (VBR) (default 0.5). Constant of ratecontrol equation. Recommended range for default rc_eq: 0.0-1.0

-lmin LAMBDA
     minimum video lagrange factor (VBR)

-lmax LAMBDA
     max video lagrange factor (VBR)

-mblmin LAMBDA
     minimum macroblock quantizer scale (VBR)

-mblmax LAMBDA
     maximum macroblock quantizer scale (VBR)

     These four options (lmin, lmax, mblmin, mblmax) use 'lambda' units, but you may use the QP2LAMBDA constant to easily convert from 'q' units:

          ffmpeg -i src.ext -lmax 21*QP2LAMBDA dst.ext

-rc_init_cplx COMPLEXITY
     initial complexity for single pass encoding

-b_qfactor FACTOR
     qp factor between P- and B-frames

-i_qfactor FACTOR
     qp factor between P- and I-frames

-b_qoffset OFFSET
     qp offset between P- and B-frames

-i_qoffset OFFSET
     qp offset between P- and I-frames

-rc_eq EQUATION
     Set rate control equation (see section "Expression Evaluation") (default = tex^qComp).

     When computing the rate control equation expression, besides the standard functions defined in the section "Expression Evaluation", the following functions are available:

     bits2qp(bits)

     qp2bits(qp)

     and the following constants are available:

     iTex

     pTex

     tex

     mv

     fCode

     iCount

     mcVar

     var

     isI

     isP

     isB

     avgQP

     qComp

     avgIITex

     avgPITex

     avgPPTex

     avgBPTex

     avgTex

-rc_override OVERRIDE
     rate control override for specific intervals

-me_method METHOD
     Set motion estimation method to METHOD. Available methods are (from lowest to best quality):

     zero
          Try just the (0, 0) vector.

     phods

     log

     x1

     hex

     umh

     epzs
          (default method)

     full
          exhaustive search (slow and marginally better than epzs)

-dct_algo ALGO
     Set DCT algorithm to ALGO. Available values are:

     0
          FF_DCT_AUTO (default)

     1
          FF_DCT_FASTINT

     2
          FF_DCT_INT

     3
          FF_DCT_MMX

     4
          FF_DCT_MLIB

     5
          FF_DCT_ALTIVEC

-idct_algo ALGO
     Set IDCT algorithm to ALGO. Available values are:

     0
          FF_IDCT_AUTO (default)

     1
          FF_IDCT_INT

     2
          FF_IDCT_SIMPLE

     3
          FF_IDCT_SIMPLEMMX

     4
          FF_IDCT_LIBMPEG2MMX

     5
          FF_IDCT_PS2

     6
          FF_IDCT_MLIB

     7
          FF_IDCT_ARM

     8
          FF_IDCT_ALTIVEC

     9
          FF_IDCT_SH4

     10
          FF_IDCT_SIMPLEARM

-er N
     Set error resilience to N.

     1
          FF_ER_CAREFUL (default)

     2
          FF_ER_COMPLIANT

     3
          FF_ER_AGGRESSIVE

     4
          FF_ER_VERY_AGGRESSIVE

-ec BIT_MASK
     Set error concealment to BIT_MASK. BIT_MASK is a bit mask of the following values:

     1
          FF_EC_GUESS_MVS (default = enabled)

     2
          FF_EC_DEBLOCK (default = enabled)

-bf FRAMES
     Use 'frames' B-frames (supported for MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4).

-mbd MODE
     macroblock decision

     0
          FF_MB_DECISION_SIMPLE: Use mb_cmp (cannot change it yet in FFmpeg).

     1
          FF_MB_DECISION_BITS: Choose the one which needs the fewest bits.

     2
          FF_MB_DECISION_RD: rate distortion

-4mv
     Use four motion vector by macroblock (MPEG-4 only).

-part
     Use data partitioning (MPEG-4 only).

-bug PARAM
     Work around encoder bugs that are not auto-detected.

-strict STRICTNESS
     How strictly to follow the standards.

-aic
     Enable Advanced intra coding (h263+).

-umv
     Enable Unlimited Motion Vector (h263+)

-deinterlace
     Deinterlace pictures.

-ilme
     Force interlacing support in encoder (MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 only). Use this option if your input file is interlaced and you want to keep the interlaced format for minimum losses. The alternative is to deinterlace the input stream with -deinterlace, but deinterlacing introduces losses.

-psnr
     Calculate PSNR of compressed frames.

-vstats
     Dump video coding statistics to vstats_HHMMSS.log.

-vstats_file FILE
     Dump video coding statistics to FILE.

-top N
     top=1/bottom=0/auto=-1 field first

-dc PRECISION
     Intra_dc_precision.

-vtag FOURCC/TAG
     Force video tag/fourcc.

-qphist
     Show QP histogram.

-vbsf BITSTREAM_FILTER
     Bitstream filters available are "dump_extra", "remove_extra", "noise", "h264_mp4toannexb", "imxdump", "mjpegadump", "mjpeg2jpeg".

          ffmpeg -i h264.mp4 -vcodec copy -vbsf h264_mp4toannexb -an out.h264

-force_key_frames TIME[,TIME...]
     Force key frames at the specified timestamps, more precisely at the first frames after each specified time. This option can be useful to ensure that a seek point is present at a chapter mark or any other designated place in the output file. The timestamps must be specified in ascending order.

Audio Options
=============

-aframes NUMBER
     Set the number of audio frames to record.

-ar FREQ
     Set the audio sampling frequency (default = 44100 Hz).

-ab BITRATE
     Set the audio bitrate in bit/s (default = 64k).

-aq Q
     Set the audio quality (codec-specific, VBR).

-ac CHANNELS
     Set the number of audio channels. For input streams it is set by default to 1, for output streams it is set by default to the same number of audio channels in input. If the input file has audio streams with different channel count, the behaviour is undefined.

-an
     Disable audio recording.

-acodec CODEC
     Force audio codec to CODEC. Use the copy special value to specify that the raw codec data must be copied as is.

-newaudio
     Add a new audio track to the output file. If you want to specify parameters, do so before -newaudio (-acodec, -ab, etc..).

     Mapping will be done automatically, if the number of output streams is equal to the number of input streams, else it will pick the first one that matches. You can override the mapping using -map as usual.

     Example:

          ffmpeg -i file.mpg -vcodec copy -acodec ac3 -ab 384k test.mpg -acodec mp2 -ab 192k -newaudio

-alang CODE
     Set the ISO 639 language code (3 letters) of the current audio stream.

Advanced Audio options:
=======================

-atag FOURCC/TAG
     Force audio tag/fourcc.

-absf BITSTREAM_FILTER
     Bitstream filters available are "dump_extra", "remove_extra", "noise", "mp3comp", "mp3decomp".

Subtitle options:
=================

-scodec CODEC
     Force subtitle codec ('copy' to copy stream).

-newsubtitle
     Add a new subtitle stream to the current output stream.

-slang CODE
     Set the ISO 639 language code (3 letters) of the current subtitle stream.

-sn
     Disable subtitle recording.

-sbsf BITSTREAM_FILTER
     Bitstream filters available are "mov2textsub", "text2movsub".

          ffmpeg -i file.mov -an -vn -sbsf mov2textsub -scodec copy -f rawvideo sub.txt

Audio/Video grab options
========================

-vc CHANNEL
     Set video grab channel (DV1394 only).

-tvstd STANDARD
     Set television standard (NTSC, PAL (SECAM)).

-isync
     Synchronize read on input.

Advanced options
================

-map INPUT_STREAM_ID[:SYNC_STREAM_ID]
     Set stream mapping from input streams to output streams. Just enumerate the input streams in the order you want them in the output. SYNC_STREAM_ID if specified sets the input stream to sync against.

-map_meta_data OUTFILE[,METADATA]:INFILE[,METADATA]
     Set meta data information of OUTFILE from INFILE. Note that those are file indices (zero-based), not filenames. Optional METADATA parameters specify, which metadata to copy - (g)lobal (i.e. metadata that applies to the whole file), per-(s)tream, per-(c)hapter or per-(p)rogram. All metadata specifiers other than global must be followed by the stream/chapter/program number. If metadata specifier is omitted, it defaults to global.

     By default, global metadata is copied from the first input file to all output files, per-stream and per-chapter metadata is copied along with streams/chapters. These default mappings are disabled by creating any mapping of the relevant type. A negative file index can be used to create a dummy mapping that just disables automatic copying.

     For example to copy metadata from the first stream of the input file to global metadata of the output file:

          ffmpeg -i in.ogg -map_meta_data 0:0,s0 out.mp3

-map_chapters OUTFILE:INFILE
     Copy chapters from INFILE to OUTFILE. If no chapter mapping is specified, then chapters are copied from the first input file with at least one chapter to all output files. Use a negative file index to disable any chapter copying.

-debug
     Print specific debug info.

-benchmark
     Show benchmarking information at the end of an encode. Shows CPU time used and maximum memory consumption. Maximum memory consumption is not supported on all systems, it will usually display as 0 if not supported.

-dump
     Dump each input packet.

-hex
     When dumping packets, also dump the payload.

-bitexact
     Only use bit exact algorithms (for codec testing).

-ps SIZE
     Set RTP payload size in bytes.

-re
     Read input at native frame rate. Mainly used to simulate a grab device.

-loop_input
     Loop over the input stream. Currently it works only for image streams. This option is used for automatic FFserver testing.

-loop_output NUMBER_OF_TIMES
     Repeatedly loop output for formats that support looping such as animated GIF (0 will loop the output infinitely).

-threads COUNT
     Thread count.

-vsync PARAMETER
     Video sync method. 0   Each frame is passed with its timestamp from the demuxer to the muxer 1   Frames will be duplicated and dropped to achieve exactly the requested constant framerate. 2   Frames are passed through with their timestamp or dropped so as to prevent 2 frames from having the same timestamp -1  Chooses between 1 and 2 depending on muxer capabilities. This is the default method.

     With -map you can select from which stream the timestamps should be taken. You can leave either video or audio unchanged and sync the remaining stream(s) to the unchanged one.

-async SAMPLES_PER_SECOND
     Audio sync method. "Stretches/squeezes" the audio stream to match the timestamps, the parameter is the maximum samples per second by which the audio is changed. -async 1 is a special case where only the start of the audio stream is corrected without any later correction.

-copyts
     Copy timestamps from input to output.

-shortest
     Finish encoding when the shortest input stream ends.

-dts_delta_threshold
     Timestamp discontinuity delta threshold.

-muxdelay SECONDS
     Set the maximum demux-decode delay.

-muxpreload SECONDS
     Set the initial demux-decode delay.

-streamid OUTPUT-STREAM-INDEX:NEW-VALUE
     Assign a new value to a stream's stream-id field in the next output file. All stream-id fields are reset to default for each output file.

     For example, to set the stream 0 PID to 33 and the stream 1 PID to 36 for an output mpegts file:

          ffmpeg -i infile -streamid 0:33 -streamid 1:36 out.ts

Preset files
============

A preset file contains a sequence of OPTION=VALUE pairs, one for each line, specifying a sequence of options which would be awkward to specify on the command line. Lines starting with the hash ('#') character are ignored and are used to provide comments. Check the ffpresets directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples.

Preset files are specified with the vpre, apre, spre, and fpre options. The fpre option takes the filename of the preset instead of a preset name as input and can be used for any kind of codec. For the vpre, apre, and spre options, the options specified in a preset file are applied to the currently selected codec of the same type as the preset option.

The argument passed to the vpre, apre, and spre preset options identifies the preset file to use according to the following rules:

First ffmpeg searches for a file named ARG.ffpreset in the directories $FFMPEG_DATADIR (if set), and $HOME/.ffmpeg, and in the datadir defined at configuration time (usually PREFIX/share/ffmpeg) in that order. For example, if the argument is libx264-max, it will search for the file libx264-max.ffpreset.

If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named CODEC_NAME-ARG.ffpreset in the above-mentioned directories, where CODEC_NAME is the name of the codec to which the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select the video codec with -vcodec libx264 and use -vpre max, then it will search for the file libx264-max.ffpreset.

Tips
****

  * For streaming at very low bitrate application, use a low frame rate and a small GOP size. This is especially true for RealVideo where the Linux player does not seem to be very fast, so it can miss frames. An example is:

          ffmpeg -g 3 -r 3 -t 10 -b 50k -s qcif -f rv10 /tmp/b.rm

  * The parameter 'q' which is displayed while encoding is the current quantizer. The value 1 indicates that a very good quality could be achieved. The value 31 indicates the worst quality. If q=31 appears too often, it means that the encoder cannot compress enough to meet your bitrate. You must either increase the bitrate, decrease the frame rate or decrease the frame size.

  * If your computer is not fast enough, you can speed up the compression at the expense of the compression ratio. You can use '-me zero' to speed up motion estimation, and '-intra' to disable motion estimation completely (you have only I-frames, which means it is about as good as JPEG compression).

  * To have very low audio bitrates, reduce the sampling frequency (down to 22050 Hz for MPEG audio, 22050 or 11025 for AC-3).

  * To have a constant quality (but a variable bitrate), use the option '-qscale n' when 'n' is between 1 (excellent quality) and 31 (worst quality).

  * When converting video files, you can use the '-sameq' option which uses the same quality factor in the encoder as in the decoder. It allows almost lossless encoding.

Examples
********

Video and Audio grabbing
========================

FFmpeg can grab video and audio from devices given that you specify the input format and device.

     ffmpeg -f oss -i /dev/dsp -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg

Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before launching FFmpeg with any TV viewer such as xawtv (http://linux.bytesex.org/xawtv/) by Gerd Knorr. You also have to set the audio recording levels correctly with a standard mixer.

X11 grabbing
============

FFmpeg can grab the X11 display.

     ffmpeg -f x11grab -s cif -r 25 -i :0.0 /tmp/out.mpg

0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment variable.

     ffmpeg -f x11grab -s cif -r 25 -i :0.0+10,20 /tmp/out.mpg

0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment variable. 10 is the x-offset and 20 the y-offset for the grabbing.

Video and Audio file format conversion
======================================

* FFmpeg can use any supported file format and protocol as input:

Examples:

* You can use YUV files as input:

     ffmpeg -i /tmp/test%d.Y /tmp/out.mpg

It will use the files:

     /tmp/test0.Y, /tmp/test0.U, /tmp/test0.V,
     /tmp/test1.Y, /tmp/test1.U, /tmp/test1.V, etc...

The Y files use twice the resolution of the U and V files. They are raw files, without header. They can be generated by all decent video decoders. You must specify the size of the image with the -s option if FFmpeg cannot guess it.

* You can input from a raw YUV420P file:

     ffmpeg -i /tmp/test.yuv /tmp/out.avi

test.yuv is a file containing raw YUV planar data. Each frame is composed of the Y plane followed by the U and V planes at half vertical and horizontal resolution.

* You can output to a raw YUV420P file:

     ffmpeg -i mydivx.avi hugefile.yuv

* You can set several input files and output files:

     ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -s 640x480 -i /tmp/a.yuv /tmp/a.mpg

Converts the audio file a.wav and the raw YUV video file a.yuv to MPEG file a.mpg.

* You can also do audio and video conversions at the same time:

     ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2

Converts a.wav to MPEG audio at 22050 Hz sample rate.

* You can encode to several formats at the same time and define a mapping from input stream to output streams:

     ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ab 64k /tmp/a.mp2 -ab 128k /tmp/b.mp2 -map 0:0 -map 0:0

Converts a.wav to a.mp2 at 64 kbits and to b.mp2 at 128 kbits. '-map file:index' specifies which input stream is used for each output stream, in the order of the definition of output streams.

* You can transcode decrypted VOBs:

     ffmpeg -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -vcodec mpeg4 -b 800k -g 300 -bf 2 -acodec libmp3lame -ab 128k snatch.avi

This is a typical DVD ripping example; the input is a VOB file, the output an AVI file with MPEG-4 video and MP3 audio. Note that in this command we use B-frames so the MPEG-4 stream is DivX5 compatible, and GOP size is 300 which means one intra frame every 10 seconds for 29.97fps input video. Furthermore, the audio stream is MP3-encoded so you need to enable LAME support by passing --enable-libmp3lame to configure. The mapping is particularly useful for DVD transcoding to get the desired audio language.

NOTE: To see the supported input formats, use ffmpeg -formats.

* You can extract images from a video, or create a video from many images:

For extracting images from a video:

     ffmpeg -i foo.avi -r 1 -s WxH -f image2 foo-%03d.jpeg

This will extract one video frame per second from the video and will output them in files named foo-001.jpeg, foo-002.jpeg, etc. Images will be rescaled to fit the new WxH values.

If you want to extract just a limited number of frames, you can use the above command in combination with the -vframes or -t option, or in combination with -ss to start extracting from a certain point in time.

For creating a video from many images:

     ffmpeg -f image2 -i foo-%03d.jpeg -r 12 -s WxH foo.avi

The syntax foo-%03d.jpeg specifies to use a decimal number composed of three digits padded with zeroes to express the sequence number. It is the same syntax supported by the C printf function, but only formats accepting a normal integer are suitable.

* You can put many streams of the same type in the output:

     ffmpeg -i test1.avi -i test2.avi -vcodec copy -acodec copy -vcodec copy -acodec copy test12.avi -newvideo -newaudio

In addition to the first video and audio streams, the resulting output file test12.avi will contain the second video and the second audio stream found in the input streams list.

The -newvideo, -newaudio and -newsubtitle options have to be specified immediately after the name of the output file to which you want to add them.

     [file eval.texi not included]
     [file indevs.texi not included]
     [file outdevs.texi not included]
     [file protocols.texi not included]
     [file bitstream_filters.texi not included]
     [file filters.texi not included]