X-Git-Url: https://git.sesse.net/?a=blobdiff_plain;ds=sidebyside;f=mjpeg_encoder.cpp;fp=mjpeg_encoder.cpp;h=f3e17b3968d867a41a5a7165d4c4689d3f3cc255;hb=817fffe1ef3bd87f2387395f49487cf5255d8daf;hp=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000;hpb=330ca2f0052b06d91004c6ceb73cd57ab95e7fe1;p=nageru

diff --git a/mjpeg_encoder.cpp b/mjpeg_encoder.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3e17b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mjpeg_encoder.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,677 @@
+#include "mjpeg_encoder.h"
+
+#include <jpeglib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#if __SSE2__
+#include <immintrin.h>
+#endif
+#include <list>
+
+extern "C" {
+#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
+}
+
+#include "defs.h"
+#include "ffmpeg_raii.h"
+#include "flags.h"
+#include "httpd.h"
+#include "memcpy_interleaved.h"
+#include "pbo_frame_allocator.h"
+#include "timebase.h"
+#include "va_display_with_cleanup.h"
+
+#include <va/va.h>
+#include <va/va_drm.h>
+#include <va/va_x11.h>
+
+using namespace bmusb;
+using namespace std;
+
+extern void memcpy_with_pitch(uint8_t *dst, const uint8_t *src, size_t src_width, size_t dst_pitch, size_t height);
+
+#define CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, func)                                 \
+    if (va_status != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {                               \
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d (%s) failed with %d\n", __func__, __LINE__, func, va_status); \
+        exit(1);                                                        \
+    }
+
+// From libjpeg (although it's of course identical between implementations).
+static const int jpeg_natural_order[DCTSIZE2] = {
+	 0,  1,  8, 16,  9,  2,  3, 10,
+	17, 24, 32, 25, 18, 11,  4,  5,
+	12, 19, 26, 33, 40, 48, 41, 34,
+	27, 20, 13,  6,  7, 14, 21, 28,
+	35, 42, 49, 56, 57, 50, 43, 36,
+	29, 22, 15, 23, 30, 37, 44, 51,
+	58, 59, 52, 45, 38, 31, 39, 46,
+	53, 60, 61, 54, 47, 55, 62, 63,
+};
+
+struct VectorDestinationManager {
+	jpeg_destination_mgr pub;
+	std::vector<uint8_t> dest;
+
+	VectorDestinationManager()
+	{
+		pub.init_destination = init_destination_thunk;
+		pub.empty_output_buffer = empty_output_buffer_thunk;
+		pub.term_destination = term_destination_thunk;
+	}
+
+	static void init_destination_thunk(j_compress_ptr ptr)
+	{
+		((VectorDestinationManager *)(ptr->dest))->init_destination();
+	}
+
+	inline void init_destination()
+	{
+		make_room(0);
+	}
+
+	static boolean empty_output_buffer_thunk(j_compress_ptr ptr)
+	{
+		return ((VectorDestinationManager *)(ptr->dest))->empty_output_buffer();
+	}
+
+	inline bool empty_output_buffer()
+	{
+		make_room(dest.size());  // Should ignore pub.free_in_buffer!
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	inline void make_room(size_t bytes_used)
+	{
+		dest.resize(bytes_used + 4096);
+		dest.resize(dest.capacity());
+		pub.next_output_byte = dest.data() + bytes_used;
+		pub.free_in_buffer = dest.size() - bytes_used;
+	}
+
+	static void term_destination_thunk(j_compress_ptr ptr)
+	{
+		((VectorDestinationManager *)(ptr->dest))->term_destination();
+	}
+
+	inline void term_destination()
+	{
+		dest.resize(dest.size() - pub.free_in_buffer);
+	}
+};
+static_assert(std::is_standard_layout<VectorDestinationManager>::value, "");
+
+int MJPEGEncoder::write_packet2_thunk(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, AVIODataMarkerType type, int64_t time)
+{
+	MJPEGEncoder *engine = (MJPEGEncoder *)opaque;
+	return engine->write_packet2(buf, buf_size, type, time);
+}
+
+int MJPEGEncoder::write_packet2(uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, AVIODataMarkerType type, int64_t time)
+{
+	if (type == AVIO_DATA_MARKER_HEADER) {
+		mux_header.append((char *)buf, buf_size);
+		httpd->set_header(HTTPD::MULTICAM_STREAM, mux_header);
+	} else {
+		httpd->add_data(HTTPD::MULTICAM_STREAM, (char *)buf, buf_size, /*keyframe=*/true, AV_NOPTS_VALUE, AVRational{ AV_TIME_BASE, 1 });
+	}
+	return buf_size;
+}
+
+MJPEGEncoder::MJPEGEncoder(HTTPD *httpd, const string &va_display)
+	: httpd(httpd)
+{
+	encoder_thread = thread(&MJPEGEncoder::encoder_thread_func, this);
+
+	// Set up the mux. We don't use the Mux wrapper, because it's geared towards
+	// a situation with only one video stream (and possibly one audio stream)
+	// with known width/height, and we don't need the extra functionality it provides.
+	avctx.reset(avformat_alloc_context());
+	avctx->oformat = av_guess_format("mp4", nullptr, nullptr);
+
+	uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t *)av_malloc(MUX_BUFFER_SIZE);
+	avctx->pb = avio_alloc_context(buf, MUX_BUFFER_SIZE, 1, this, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+	avctx->pb->write_data_type = &MJPEGEncoder::write_packet2_thunk;
+	avctx->flags = AVFMT_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO;
+
+	for (int card_idx = 0; card_idx < global_flags.num_cards; ++card_idx) {
+		AVStream *stream = avformat_new_stream(avctx.get(), nullptr);
+		if (stream == nullptr) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "avformat_new_stream() failed\n");
+			exit(1);
+		}
+		stream->time_base = AVRational{ 1, TIMEBASE };
+		stream->codecpar->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
+		stream->codecpar->codec_id = AV_CODEC_ID_MJPEG;
+
+		// Used for aspect ratio only. Can change without notice (the mux won't care).
+		stream->codecpar->width = global_flags.width;
+		stream->codecpar->height = global_flags.height;
+
+		// TODO: We could perhaps use the interpretation for each card here
+		// (or at least the command-line flags) instead of the defaults,
+		// but what would we do when they change?
+		stream->codecpar->color_primaries = AVCOL_PRI_BT709;
+		stream->codecpar->color_trc = AVCOL_TRC_IEC61966_2_1;
+		stream->codecpar->color_space = AVCOL_SPC_BT709;
+		stream->codecpar->color_range = AVCOL_RANGE_MPEG;
+		stream->codecpar->chroma_location = AVCHROMA_LOC_LEFT;
+		stream->codecpar->field_order = AV_FIELD_PROGRESSIVE;
+	}
+
+	AVDictionary *options = NULL;
+	vector<pair<string, string>> opts = MUX_OPTS;
+	for (pair<string, string> opt : opts) {
+		av_dict_set(&options, opt.first.c_str(), opt.second.c_str(), 0);
+	}
+	if (avformat_write_header(avctx.get(), &options) < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "avformat_write_header() failed\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	// Initialize VA-API.
+	string error;
+	va_dpy = try_open_va(va_display, &error, &config_id);
+	if (va_dpy == nullptr) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Could not initialize VA-API for MJPEG encoding: %s. JPEGs will be encoded in software if needed.\n", error.c_str());
+	}
+
+	running = true;
+}
+
+void MJPEGEncoder::stop()
+{
+	if (!running) {
+		return;
+	}
+	running = false;
+	should_quit = true;
+	any_frames_to_be_encoded.notify_all();
+	encoder_thread.join();
+}
+
+unique_ptr<VADisplayWithCleanup> MJPEGEncoder::try_open_va(const string &va_display, string *error, VAConfigID *config_id)
+{
+	unique_ptr<VADisplayWithCleanup> va_dpy = va_open_display(va_display);
+	if (va_dpy == nullptr) {
+		if (error) *error = "Opening VA display failed";
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	int major_ver, minor_ver;
+	VAStatus va_status = vaInitialize(va_dpy->va_dpy, &major_ver, &minor_ver);
+	if (va_status != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "vaInitialize() failed with status %d\n", va_status);
+		if (error != nullptr) *error = buf;
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	VAConfigAttrib attr = { VAConfigAttribRTFormat, VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV422 };
+	va_status = vaCreateConfig(va_dpy->va_dpy, VAProfileJPEGBaseline, VAEntrypointEncPicture,
+		&attr, 1, config_id);
+	if (va_status == VA_STATUS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_ENTRYPOINT) {
+		if (error != nullptr) *error = "No hardware support";
+		return nullptr;
+	} else if (va_status != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "vaCreateConfig() failed with status %d\n", va_status);
+		if (error != nullptr) *error = buf;
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	int num_formats = vaMaxNumImageFormats(va_dpy->va_dpy);
+	assert(num_formats > 0);
+
+	unique_ptr<VAImageFormat[]> formats(new VAImageFormat[num_formats]);
+	va_status = vaQueryImageFormats(va_dpy->va_dpy, formats.get(), &num_formats);
+	if (va_status != VA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "vaQueryImageFormats() failed with status %d\n", va_status);
+		if (error != nullptr) *error = buf;
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	return va_dpy;
+}
+
+void MJPEGEncoder::upload_frame(int64_t pts, unsigned card_index, RefCountedFrame frame, const bmusb::VideoFormat &video_format, size_t y_offset, size_t cbcr_offset)
+{
+	PBOFrameAllocator::Userdata *userdata = (PBOFrameAllocator::Userdata *)frame->userdata;
+	if (video_format.width == 0 || video_format.height == 0) {
+		return;
+	}
+	if (video_format.interlaced) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Card %u: Ignoring JPEG encoding for interlaced frame\n", card_index);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (userdata->pixel_format != PixelFormat_8BitYCbCr ||
+	    !frame->interleaved) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Card %u: Ignoring JPEG encoding for unsupported pixel format\n", card_index);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (video_format.width > 4096 || video_format.height > 4096) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Card %u: Ignoring JPEG encoding for oversized frame\n", card_index);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	lock_guard<mutex> lock(mu);
+	frames_to_be_encoded.push(QueuedFrame{ pts, card_index, frame, video_format, y_offset, cbcr_offset });
+	any_frames_to_be_encoded.notify_all();
+}
+
+void MJPEGEncoder::encoder_thread_func()
+{
+	pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), "MJPEG_Encode");
+	posix_memalign((void **)&tmp_y, 4096, 4096 * 8);
+	posix_memalign((void **)&tmp_cbcr, 4096, 4096 * 8);
+	posix_memalign((void **)&tmp_cb, 4096, 4096 * 8);
+	posix_memalign((void **)&tmp_cr, 4096, 4096 * 8);
+
+	unique_lock<mutex> lock(mu);
+	for (;;) {
+		any_frames_to_be_encoded.wait(lock, [this] { return !frames_to_be_encoded.empty() || should_quit; });
+		if (should_quit) return;
+		QueuedFrame qf = move(frames_to_be_encoded.front());
+		frames_to_be_encoded.pop();
+
+		vector<uint8_t> jpeg = encode_jpeg(qf);
+
+		AVPacket pkt;
+		memset(&pkt, 0, sizeof(pkt));
+		pkt.buf = nullptr;
+		pkt.data = &jpeg[0];
+		pkt.size = jpeg.size();
+		pkt.stream_index = qf.card_index;
+		pkt.flags = AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY;
+		pkt.pts = pkt.dts = qf.pts;
+
+		if (av_write_frame(avctx.get(), &pkt) < 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "av_write_frame() failed\n");
+			exit(1);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+class VABufferDestroyer {
+public:
+	VABufferDestroyer(VADisplay dpy, VABufferID buf)
+		: dpy(dpy), buf(buf) {}
+
+	~VABufferDestroyer() {
+		VAStatus va_status = vaDestroyBuffer(dpy, buf);
+		CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaDestroyBuffer");
+	}
+
+private:
+	VADisplay dpy;
+	VABufferID buf;
+};
+
+MJPEGEncoder::VAResources MJPEGEncoder::get_va_resources(unsigned width, unsigned height)
+{
+	{
+		lock_guard<mutex> lock(va_resources_mutex);
+		for (auto it = va_resources_freelist.begin(); it != va_resources_freelist.end(); ++it) {
+			if (it->width == width && it->height == height) {
+				VAResources ret = *it;
+				va_resources_freelist.erase(it);
+				return ret;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	VAResources ret;
+
+	ret.width = width;
+	ret.height = height;
+
+	VASurfaceAttrib attrib;
+	attrib.flags = VA_SURFACE_ATTRIB_SETTABLE;
+	attrib.type = VASurfaceAttribPixelFormat;
+	attrib.value.type = VAGenericValueTypeInteger;
+	attrib.value.value.i = VA_FOURCC_UYVY;
+
+	VAStatus va_status = vaCreateSurfaces(va_dpy->va_dpy, VA_RT_FORMAT_YUV422,
+		width, height,
+		&ret.surface, 1, &attrib, 1);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaCreateSurfaces");
+
+	va_status = vaCreateContext(va_dpy->va_dpy, config_id, width, height, 0, &ret.surface, 1, &ret.context);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaCreateContext");
+
+	va_status = vaCreateBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, config_id, VAEncCodedBufferType, width * height * 3 + 8192, 1, nullptr, &ret.data_buffer);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaCreateBuffer");
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void MJPEGEncoder::release_va_resources(MJPEGEncoder::VAResources resources)
+{
+	lock_guard<mutex> lock(va_resources_mutex);
+	if (va_resources_freelist.size() > 10) {
+		auto it = va_resources_freelist.end();
+		--it;
+
+		VAStatus va_status = vaDestroyBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, it->data_buffer);
+		CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaDestroyBuffer");
+
+		va_status = vaDestroyContext(va_dpy->va_dpy, it->context);
+		CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaDestroyContext");
+
+		va_status = vaDestroySurfaces(va_dpy->va_dpy, &it->surface, 1);
+		CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaDestroySurfaces");
+
+		va_resources_freelist.erase(it);
+	}
+
+	va_resources_freelist.push_front(resources);
+}
+
+void MJPEGEncoder::init_jpeg_422(unsigned width, unsigned height, VectorDestinationManager *dest, jpeg_compress_struct *cinfo)
+{
+	jpeg_error_mgr jerr;
+	cinfo->err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr);
+	jpeg_create_compress(cinfo);
+
+	cinfo->dest = (jpeg_destination_mgr *)dest;
+
+	cinfo->input_components = 3;
+	jpeg_set_defaults(cinfo);
+	jpeg_set_quality(cinfo, quality, /*force_baseline=*/false);
+
+	cinfo->image_width = width;
+	cinfo->image_height = height;
+	cinfo->raw_data_in = true;
+	jpeg_set_colorspace(cinfo, JCS_YCbCr);
+	cinfo->comp_info[0].h_samp_factor = 2;
+	cinfo->comp_info[0].v_samp_factor = 1;
+	cinfo->comp_info[1].h_samp_factor = 1;
+	cinfo->comp_info[1].v_samp_factor = 1;
+	cinfo->comp_info[2].h_samp_factor = 1;
+	cinfo->comp_info[2].v_samp_factor = 1;
+	cinfo->CCIR601_sampling = true;  // Seems to be mostly ignored by libjpeg, though.
+	jpeg_start_compress(cinfo, true);
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> MJPEGEncoder::get_jpeg_header(unsigned width, unsigned height, jpeg_compress_struct *cinfo)
+{
+	VectorDestinationManager dest;
+	init_jpeg_422(width, height, &dest, cinfo);
+
+	// Make a dummy black image; there's seemingly no other easy way of
+	// making libjpeg outputting all of its headers.
+	JSAMPROW yptr[8], cbptr[8], crptr[8];
+	JSAMPARRAY data[3] = { yptr, cbptr, crptr };
+	memset(tmp_y, 0, 4096);
+	memset(tmp_cb, 0, 4096);
+	memset(tmp_cr, 0, 4096);
+	for (unsigned yy = 0; yy < 8; ++yy) {
+		yptr[yy] = tmp_y;
+		cbptr[yy] = tmp_cb;
+		crptr[yy] = tmp_cr;
+	}
+	for (unsigned y = 0; y < height; y += 8) {
+		jpeg_write_raw_data(cinfo, data, /*num_lines=*/8);
+	}
+	jpeg_finish_compress(cinfo);
+
+	// We're only interested in the header, not the data after it.
+	dest.term_destination();
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < dest.dest.size() - 1; ++i) {
+		if (dest.dest[i] == 0xff && dest.dest[i + 1] == 0xda) {  // Start of scan (SOS).
+			unsigned len = dest.dest[i + 2] * 256 + dest.dest[i + 3];
+			dest.dest.resize(i + len + 2);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return dest.dest;
+}
+
+MJPEGEncoder::VAData MJPEGEncoder::get_va_data_for_resolution(unsigned width, unsigned height)
+{
+	pair<unsigned, unsigned> key(width, height);
+	if (va_data_for_resolution.count(key)) {
+		return va_data_for_resolution[key];
+	}
+
+	// Use libjpeg to generate a header and set sane defaults for e.g.
+	// quantization tables. Then do the actual encode with VA-API.
+	jpeg_compress_struct cinfo;
+	vector<uint8_t> jpeg_header = get_jpeg_header(width, height, &cinfo);
+
+	// Picture parameters.
+	VAEncPictureParameterBufferJPEG pic_param;
+	memset(&pic_param, 0, sizeof(pic_param));
+	pic_param.reconstructed_picture = VA_INVALID_ID;
+	pic_param.picture_width = cinfo.image_width;
+	pic_param.picture_height = cinfo.image_height;
+	for (int component_idx = 0; component_idx < cinfo.num_components; ++component_idx) {
+		const jpeg_component_info *comp = &cinfo.comp_info[component_idx];
+		pic_param.component_id[component_idx] = comp->component_id;
+		pic_param.quantiser_table_selector[component_idx] = comp->quant_tbl_no;
+	}
+	pic_param.num_components = cinfo.num_components;
+	pic_param.num_scan = 1;
+	pic_param.sample_bit_depth = 8;
+	pic_param.coded_buf = VA_INVALID_ID;  // To be filled out by caller.
+	pic_param.pic_flags.bits.huffman = 1;
+	pic_param.quality = 50;  // Don't scale the given quantization matrices. (See gen8_mfc_jpeg_fqm_state)
+
+	// Quantization matrices.
+	VAQMatrixBufferJPEG q;
+	memset(&q, 0, sizeof(q));
+
+	q.load_lum_quantiser_matrix = true;
+	q.load_chroma_quantiser_matrix = true;
+	for (int quant_tbl_idx = 0; quant_tbl_idx < min(4, NUM_QUANT_TBLS); ++quant_tbl_idx) {
+		const JQUANT_TBL *qtbl = cinfo.quant_tbl_ptrs[quant_tbl_idx];
+		assert((qtbl == nullptr) == (quant_tbl_idx >= 2));
+		if (qtbl == nullptr) continue;
+
+		uint8_t *qmatrix = (quant_tbl_idx == 0) ? q.lum_quantiser_matrix : q.chroma_quantiser_matrix;
+		for (int i = 0; i < 64; ++i) {
+			if (qtbl->quantval[i] > 255) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "Baseline JPEG only!\n");
+				abort();
+			}
+			qmatrix[i] = qtbl->quantval[jpeg_natural_order[i]];
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Huffman tables (arithmetic is not supported).
+	VAHuffmanTableBufferJPEGBaseline huff;
+	memset(&huff, 0, sizeof(huff));
+
+	for (int huff_tbl_idx = 0; huff_tbl_idx < min(2, NUM_HUFF_TBLS); ++huff_tbl_idx) {
+		const JHUFF_TBL *ac_hufftbl = cinfo.ac_huff_tbl_ptrs[huff_tbl_idx];
+		const JHUFF_TBL *dc_hufftbl = cinfo.dc_huff_tbl_ptrs[huff_tbl_idx];
+		if (ac_hufftbl == nullptr) {
+			assert(dc_hufftbl == nullptr);
+			huff.load_huffman_table[huff_tbl_idx] = 0;
+		} else {
+			assert(dc_hufftbl != nullptr);
+			huff.load_huffman_table[huff_tbl_idx] = 1;
+
+			for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+				huff.huffman_table[huff_tbl_idx].num_dc_codes[i] = dc_hufftbl->bits[i + 1];
+			}
+			for (int i = 0; i < 12; ++i) {
+				huff.huffman_table[huff_tbl_idx].dc_values[i] = dc_hufftbl->huffval[i];
+			}
+			for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+				huff.huffman_table[huff_tbl_idx].num_ac_codes[i] = ac_hufftbl->bits[i + 1];
+			}
+			for (int i = 0; i < 162; ++i) {
+				huff.huffman_table[huff_tbl_idx].ac_values[i] = ac_hufftbl->huffval[i];
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Slice parameters (metadata about the slice).
+	VAEncSliceParameterBufferJPEG parms;
+	memset(&parms, 0, sizeof(parms));
+	for (int component_idx = 0; component_idx < cinfo.num_components; ++component_idx) {
+		const jpeg_component_info *comp = &cinfo.comp_info[component_idx];
+		parms.components[component_idx].component_selector = comp->component_id;
+		parms.components[component_idx].dc_table_selector = comp->dc_tbl_no;
+		parms.components[component_idx].ac_table_selector = comp->ac_tbl_no;
+		if (parms.components[component_idx].dc_table_selector > 1 ||
+		    parms.components[component_idx].ac_table_selector > 1) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Uses too many Huffman tables\n");
+			abort();
+		}
+	}
+	parms.num_components = cinfo.num_components;
+	parms.restart_interval = cinfo.restart_interval;
+
+	jpeg_destroy_compress(&cinfo);
+
+	VAData ret;
+	ret.jpeg_header = move(jpeg_header);
+	ret.pic_param = pic_param;
+	ret.q = q;
+	ret.huff = huff;
+	ret.parms = parms;
+	va_data_for_resolution[key] = ret;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> MJPEGEncoder::encode_jpeg(const QueuedFrame &qf)
+{
+	if (va_dpy != nullptr) {
+		return encode_jpeg_va(qf);
+	} else {
+		return encode_jpeg_libjpeg(qf);
+	}
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> MJPEGEncoder::encode_jpeg_va(const QueuedFrame &qf)
+{
+	unsigned width = qf.video_format.width;
+	unsigned height = qf.video_format.height;
+
+	VAResources resources = get_va_resources(width, height);
+	ReleaseVAResources release(this, resources);
+
+	VAData va_data = get_va_data_for_resolution(width, height);
+	va_data.pic_param.coded_buf = resources.data_buffer;
+
+	VABufferID pic_param_buffer;
+	VAStatus va_status = vaCreateBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, config_id, VAEncPictureParameterBufferType, sizeof(va_data.pic_param), 1, &va_data.pic_param, &pic_param_buffer);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaCreateBuffer");
+	VABufferDestroyer destroy_pic_param(va_dpy->va_dpy, pic_param_buffer);
+
+	VABufferID q_buffer;
+	va_status = vaCreateBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, config_id, VAQMatrixBufferType, sizeof(va_data.q), 1, &va_data.q, &q_buffer);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaCreateBuffer");
+	VABufferDestroyer destroy_iq(va_dpy->va_dpy, q_buffer);
+
+	VABufferID huff_buffer;
+	va_status = vaCreateBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, config_id, VAHuffmanTableBufferType, sizeof(va_data.huff), 1, &va_data.huff, &huff_buffer);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaCreateBuffer");
+	VABufferDestroyer destroy_huff(va_dpy->va_dpy, huff_buffer);
+
+	VABufferID slice_param_buffer;
+	va_status = vaCreateBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, config_id, VAEncSliceParameterBufferType, sizeof(va_data.parms), 1, &va_data.parms, &slice_param_buffer);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaCreateBuffer");
+	VABufferDestroyer destroy_slice_param(va_dpy->va_dpy, slice_param_buffer);
+
+	VAImage image;
+	va_status = vaDeriveImage(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.surface, &image);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaDeriveImage");
+
+	// Upload the pixel data.
+	uint8_t *surface_p = nullptr;
+	vaMapBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, image.buf, (void **)&surface_p);
+
+	size_t field_start_line = qf.video_format.extra_lines_top;  // No interlacing support.
+	size_t field_start = qf.cbcr_offset * 2 + qf.video_format.width * field_start_line * 2;
+
+	{
+		const uint8_t *src = qf.frame->data_copy + field_start;
+		uint8_t *dst = (unsigned char *)surface_p + image.offsets[0];
+		memcpy_with_pitch(dst, src, qf.video_format.width * 2, image.pitches[0], qf.video_format.height);
+	}
+
+	va_status = vaUnmapBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, image.buf);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaUnmapBuffer");
+	va_status = vaDestroyImage(va_dpy->va_dpy, image.image_id);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaDestroyImage");
+
+	// Finally, stick in the JPEG header.
+	VAEncPackedHeaderParameterBuffer header_parm;
+	header_parm.type = VAEncPackedHeaderRawData;
+	header_parm.bit_length = 8 * va_data.jpeg_header.size();
+
+	VABufferID header_parm_buffer;
+	va_status = vaCreateBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, config_id, VAEncPackedHeaderParameterBufferType, sizeof(header_parm), 1, &header_parm, &header_parm_buffer);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaCreateBuffer");
+	VABufferDestroyer destroy_header(va_dpy->va_dpy, header_parm_buffer);
+
+	VABufferID header_data_buffer;
+	va_status = vaCreateBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, config_id, VAEncPackedHeaderDataBufferType, va_data.jpeg_header.size(), 1, va_data.jpeg_header.data(), &header_data_buffer);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaCreateBuffer");
+	VABufferDestroyer destroy_header_data(va_dpy->va_dpy, header_data_buffer);
+
+	va_status = vaBeginPicture(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.context, resources.surface);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaBeginPicture");
+	va_status = vaRenderPicture(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.context, &pic_param_buffer, 1);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaRenderPicture(pic_param)");
+	va_status = vaRenderPicture(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.context, &q_buffer, 1);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaRenderPicture(q)");
+	va_status = vaRenderPicture(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.context, &huff_buffer, 1);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaRenderPicture(huff)");
+	va_status = vaRenderPicture(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.context, &slice_param_buffer, 1);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaRenderPicture(slice_param)");
+	va_status = vaRenderPicture(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.context, &header_parm_buffer, 1);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaRenderPicture(header_parm)");
+	va_status = vaRenderPicture(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.context, &header_data_buffer, 1);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaRenderPicture(header_data)");
+	va_status = vaEndPicture(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.context);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaEndPicture");
+
+	va_status = vaSyncSurface(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.surface);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaSyncSurface");
+
+	VACodedBufferSegment *segment;
+	va_status = vaMapBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.data_buffer, (void **)&segment);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaMapBuffer");
+
+	const char *coded_buf = reinterpret_cast<char *>(segment->buf);
+	vector<uint8_t> jpeg(coded_buf, coded_buf + segment->size);
+
+	va_status = vaUnmapBuffer(va_dpy->va_dpy, resources.data_buffer);
+	CHECK_VASTATUS(va_status, "vaUnmapBuffer");
+
+	return jpeg;
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> MJPEGEncoder::encode_jpeg_libjpeg(const QueuedFrame &qf)
+{
+	unsigned width = qf.video_format.width;
+	unsigned height = qf.video_format.height;
+
+	VectorDestinationManager dest;
+	jpeg_compress_struct cinfo;
+	init_jpeg_422(width, height, &dest, &cinfo);
+
+	size_t field_start_line = qf.video_format.extra_lines_top;  // No interlacing support.
+	size_t field_start = qf.cbcr_offset * 2 + qf.video_format.width * field_start_line * 2;
+
+	JSAMPROW yptr[8], cbptr[8], crptr[8];
+	JSAMPARRAY data[3] = { yptr, cbptr, crptr };
+	for (unsigned y = 0; y < qf.video_format.height; y += 8) {
+	        const uint8_t *src = qf.frame->data_copy + field_start + y * qf.video_format.width * 2;
+
+	        memcpy_interleaved(tmp_y, tmp_cbcr, src, qf.video_format.width * 8 * 2);
+	        memcpy_interleaved(tmp_cb, tmp_cr, tmp_cbcr, qf.video_format.width * 8);
+	        for (unsigned yy = 0; yy < 8; ++yy) {
+	                yptr[yy] = tmp_y + yy * width;
+	                cbptr[yy] = tmp_cb + yy * width / 2;
+	                crptr[yy] = tmp_cr + yy * width / 2;
+		}
+	        jpeg_write_raw_data(&cinfo, data, /*num_lines=*/8);
+	}
+	jpeg_finish_compress(&cinfo);
+
+	return dest.dest;
+}