]> git.sesse.net Git - nageru/blobdiff - mixer.cpp
Do not try to adjust the audio timer during HDMI/SDI output preroll.
[nageru] / mixer.cpp
index db7a060ce392aae209b38d94cfc95ec60d73cf09..f77f6d48f7eb0fa4da4bbeb189d40ff24d5a85b6 100644 (file)
--- a/mixer.cpp
+++ b/mixer.cpp
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include <movit/image_format.h>
 #include <movit/init.h>
 #include <movit/resource_pool.h>
-#include <movit/util.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include "alsa_output.h"
 #include "bmusb/bmusb.h"
 #include "bmusb/fake_capture.h"
+#include "chroma_subsampler.h"
 #include "context.h"
 #include "decklink_capture.h"
+#include "decklink_output.h"
 #include "defs.h"
 #include "disk_space_estimator.h"
 #include "flags.h"
@@ -108,6 +110,7 @@ Mixer::Mixer(const QSurfaceFormat &format, unsigned num_cards)
          num_cards(num_cards),
          mixer_surface(create_surface(format)),
          h264_encoder_surface(create_surface(format)),
+         decklink_output_surface(create_surface(format)),
          audio_mixer(num_cards)
 {
        CHECK(init_movit(MOVIT_SHADER_DIR, MOVIT_DEBUG_OFF));
@@ -156,7 +159,10 @@ Mixer::Mixer(const QSurfaceFormat &format, unsigned num_cards)
                                        break;
                                }
 
-                               configure_card(card_index, new DeckLinkCapture(decklink, card_index), /*is_fake_capture=*/false);
+                               DeckLinkCapture *capture = new DeckLinkCapture(decklink, card_index);
+                               DeckLinkOutput *output = new DeckLinkOutput(resource_pool.get(), decklink_output_surface, global_flags.width, global_flags.height, card_index);
+                               output->set_device(decklink);
+                               configure_card(card_index, capture, /*is_fake_capture=*/false, output);
                                ++num_pci_devices;
                        }
                        decklink_iterator->Release();
@@ -165,18 +171,19 @@ Mixer::Mixer(const QSurfaceFormat &format, unsigned num_cards)
                        fprintf(stderr, "DeckLink drivers not found. Probing for USB cards only.\n");
                }
        }
+
        unsigned num_usb_devices = BMUSBCapture::num_cards();
        for (unsigned usb_card_index = 0; usb_card_index < num_usb_devices && card_index < num_cards; ++usb_card_index, ++card_index) {
                BMUSBCapture *capture = new BMUSBCapture(usb_card_index);
                capture->set_card_disconnected_callback(bind(&Mixer::bm_hotplug_remove, this, card_index));
-               configure_card(card_index, capture, /*is_fake_capture=*/false);
+               configure_card(card_index, capture, /*is_fake_capture=*/false, /*output=*/nullptr);
        }
        fprintf(stderr, "Found %u USB card(s).\n", num_usb_devices);
 
        unsigned num_fake_cards = 0;
        for ( ; card_index < num_cards; ++card_index, ++num_fake_cards) {
                FakeCapture *capture = new FakeCapture(global_flags.width, global_flags.height, FAKE_FPS, OUTPUT_FREQUENCY, card_index, global_flags.fake_cards_audio);
-               configure_card(card_index, capture, /*is_fake_capture=*/true);
+               configure_card(card_index, capture, /*is_fake_capture=*/true, /*output=*/nullptr);
        }
 
        if (num_fake_cards > 0) {
@@ -190,137 +197,50 @@ Mixer::Mixer(const QSurfaceFormat &format, unsigned num_cards)
                cards[card_index].queue_length_policy.reset(card_index);
        }
 
-       // Set up stuff for NV12 conversion.
-       //
-       // Note: Due to the horizontally co-sited chroma/luma samples in H.264
-       // (chrome position is left for horizontal and center for vertical),
-       // we need to be a bit careful in our subsampling. A diagram will make
-       // this clearer, showing some luma and chroma samples:
-       //
-       //     a   b   c   d
-       //   +---+---+---+---+
-       //   |   |   |   |   |
-       //   | Y | Y | Y | Y |
-       //   |   |   |   |   |
-       //   +---+---+---+---+
-       //
-       // +-------+-------+
-       // |       |       |
-       // |   C   |   C   |
-       // |       |       |
-       // +-------+-------+
-       //
-       // Clearly, the rightmost chroma sample here needs to be equivalent to
-       // b/4 + c/2 + d/4. (We could also implement more sophisticated filters,
-       // of course, but as long as the upsampling is not going to be equally
-       // sophisticated, it's probably not worth it.) If we sample once with
-       // no mipmapping, we get just c, ie., no actual filtering in the
-       // horizontal direction. (For the vertical direction, we can just
-       // sample in the middle to get the right filtering.) One could imagine
-       // we could use mipmapping (assuming we can create mipmaps cheaply),
-       // but then, what we'd get is this:
-       //
-       //    (a+b)/2 (c+d)/2
-       //   +-------+-------+
-       //   |       |       |
-       //   |   Y   |   Y   |
-       //   |       |       |
-       //   +-------+-------+
-       //
-       // +-------+-------+
-       // |       |       |
-       // |   C   |   C   |
-       // |       |       |
-       // +-------+-------+
-       //
-       // which ends up sampling equally from a and b, which clearly isn't right. Instead,
-       // we need to do two (non-mipmapped) chroma samples, both hitting exactly in-between
-       // source pixels.
-       //
-       // Sampling in-between b and c gives us the sample (b+c)/2, and similarly for c and d.
-       // Taking the average of these gives of (b+c)/4 + (c+d)/4 = b/4 + c/2 + d/4, which is
-       // exactly what we want.
-       //
-       // See also http://www.poynton.com/PDFs/Merging_RGB_and_422.pdf, pages 6–7.
-
-       // Cb/Cr shader.
-       string cbcr_vert_shader =
-               "#version 130 \n"
-               " \n"
-               "in vec2 position; \n"
-               "in vec2 texcoord; \n"
-               "out vec2 tc0, tc1; \n"
-               "uniform vec2 foo_chroma_offset_0; \n"
-               "uniform vec2 foo_chroma_offset_1; \n"
-               " \n"
-               "void main() \n"
-               "{ \n"
-               "    // The result of glOrtho(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0) is: \n"
-               "    // \n"
-               "    //   2.000  0.000  0.000 -1.000 \n"
-               "    //   0.000  2.000  0.000 -1.000 \n"
-               "    //   0.000  0.000 -2.000 -1.000 \n"
-               "    //   0.000  0.000  0.000  1.000 \n"
-               "    gl_Position = vec4(2.0 * position.x - 1.0, 2.0 * position.y - 1.0, -1.0, 1.0); \n"
-               "    vec2 flipped_tc = texcoord; \n"
-               "    tc0 = flipped_tc + foo_chroma_offset_0; \n"
-               "    tc1 = flipped_tc + foo_chroma_offset_1; \n"
-               "} \n";
-       string cbcr_frag_shader =
-               "#version 130 \n"
-               "in vec2 tc0, tc1; \n"
-               "uniform sampler2D cbcr_tex; \n"
-               "out vec4 FragColor; \n"
-               "void main() { \n"
-               "    FragColor = 0.5 * (texture(cbcr_tex, tc0) + texture(cbcr_tex, tc1)); \n"
-               "} \n";
-       vector<string> frag_shader_outputs;
-       cbcr_program_num = resource_pool->compile_glsl_program(cbcr_vert_shader, cbcr_frag_shader, frag_shader_outputs);
-
-       float vertices[] = {
-               0.0f, 2.0f,
-               0.0f, 0.0f,
-               2.0f, 0.0f
-       };
-       cbcr_vbo = generate_vbo(2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(vertices), vertices);
-       cbcr_texture_sampler_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(cbcr_program_num, "cbcr_tex");
-       cbcr_position_attribute_index = glGetAttribLocation(cbcr_program_num, "position");
-       cbcr_texcoord_attribute_index = glGetAttribLocation(cbcr_program_num, "texcoord");
+       chroma_subsampler.reset(new ChromaSubsampler(resource_pool.get()));
 
        if (global_flags.enable_alsa_output) {
                alsa.reset(new ALSAOutput(OUTPUT_FREQUENCY, /*num_channels=*/2));
        }
+       if (global_flags.output_card != -1) {
+               desired_output_card_index = global_flags.output_card;
+               set_output_card_internal(global_flags.output_card);
+       }
 }
 
 Mixer::~Mixer()
 {
-       resource_pool->release_glsl_program(cbcr_program_num);
-       glDeleteBuffers(1, &cbcr_vbo);
        BMUSBCapture::stop_bm_thread();
 
        for (unsigned card_index = 0; card_index < num_cards; ++card_index) {
                {
-                       unique_lock<mutex> lock(bmusb_mutex);
+                       unique_lock<mutex> lock(card_mutex);
                        cards[card_index].should_quit = true;  // Unblock thread.
                        cards[card_index].new_frames_changed.notify_all();
                }
                cards[card_index].capture->stop_dequeue_thread();
+               if (cards[card_index].output) {
+                       cards[card_index].output->end_output();
+                       cards[card_index].output.reset();
+               }
        }
 
        video_encoder.reset(nullptr);
 }
 
-void Mixer::configure_card(unsigned card_index, CaptureInterface *capture, bool is_fake_capture)
+void Mixer::configure_card(unsigned card_index, CaptureInterface *capture, bool is_fake_capture, DeckLinkOutput *output)
 {
        printf("Configuring card %d...\n", card_index);
 
        CaptureCard *card = &cards[card_index];
        if (card->capture != nullptr) {
                card->capture->stop_dequeue_thread();
-               delete card->capture;
        }
-       card->capture = capture;
+       card->capture.reset(capture);
        card->is_fake_capture = is_fake_capture;
+       if (card->output.get() != output) {
+               card->output.reset(output);
+       }
        card->capture->set_frame_callback(bind(&Mixer::bm_frame, this, card_index, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7));
        if (card->frame_allocator == nullptr) {
                card->frame_allocator.reset(new PBOFrameAllocator(8 << 20, global_flags.width, global_flags.height));  // 8 MB.
@@ -333,12 +253,54 @@ void Mixer::configure_card(unsigned card_index, CaptureInterface *capture, bool
        card->last_timecode = -1;
        card->capture->configure_card();
 
+       // NOTE: start_bm_capture() happens in thread_func().
+
        DeviceSpec device{InputSourceType::CAPTURE_CARD, card_index};
        audio_mixer.reset_resampler(device);
        audio_mixer.set_display_name(device, card->capture->get_description());
        audio_mixer.trigger_state_changed_callback();
 }
 
+void Mixer::set_output_card_internal(int card_index)
+{
+       // We don't really need to take card_mutex, since we're in the mixer
+       // thread and don't mess with any queues (which is the only thing that happens
+       // from other threads), but it's probably the safest in the long run.
+       unique_lock<mutex> lock(card_mutex);
+       if (output_card_index != -1) {
+               // Switch the old card from output to input.
+               CaptureCard *old_card = &cards[output_card_index];
+               old_card->output->end_output();
+
+               // Stop the fake card that we put into place.
+               // This needs to _not_ happen under the mutex, to avoid deadlock
+               // (delivering the last frame needs to take the mutex).
+               bmusb::CaptureInterface *fake_capture = old_card->capture.get();
+               lock.unlock();
+               fake_capture->stop_dequeue_thread();
+               lock.lock();
+               old_card->capture = move(old_card->parked_capture);
+               old_card->is_fake_capture = false;
+               old_card->capture->start_bm_capture();
+       }
+       if (card_index != -1) {
+               CaptureCard *card = &cards[card_index];
+               bmusb::CaptureInterface *capture = card->capture.get();
+               // TODO: DeckLinkCapture::stop_dequeue_thread can actually take
+               // several seconds to complete (blocking on DisableVideoInput);
+               // see if we can maybe do it asynchronously.
+               lock.unlock();
+               capture->stop_dequeue_thread();
+               lock.lock();
+               card->parked_capture = move(card->capture);
+               bmusb::CaptureInterface *fake_capture = new FakeCapture(global_flags.width, global_flags.height, FAKE_FPS, OUTPUT_FREQUENCY, card_index, global_flags.fake_cards_audio);
+               configure_card(card_index, fake_capture, /*is_fake_capture=*/true, card->output.release());
+               card->queue_length_policy.reset(card_index);
+               card->capture->start_bm_capture();
+               card->output->start_output(bmdModeHD720p5994, pts_int);  // FIXME
+       }
+       output_card_index = card_index;
+}
 
 namespace {
 
@@ -366,7 +328,7 @@ void Mixer::bm_frame(unsigned card_index, uint16_t timecode,
                        // Found a stable signal, so stop scanning.
                        is_mode_scanning[card_index] = false;
                } else {
-                       static constexpr double switch_time_s = 0.5;  // Should be enough time for the signal to stabilize.
+                       static constexpr double switch_time_s = 0.1;  // Should be enough time for the signal to stabilize.
                        steady_clock::time_point now = steady_clock::now();
                        double sec_since_last_switch = duration<double>(steady_clock::now() - last_mode_scan_change[card_index]).count();
                        if (sec_since_last_switch > switch_time_s) {
@@ -444,7 +406,7 @@ void Mixer::bm_frame(unsigned card_index, uint16_t timecode,
                // Still send on the information that we _had_ a frame, even though it's corrupted,
                // so that pts can go up accordingly.
                {
-                       unique_lock<mutex> lock(bmusb_mutex);
+                       unique_lock<mutex> lock(card_mutex);
                        CaptureCard::NewFrame new_frame;
                        new_frame.frame = RefCountedFrame(FrameAllocator::Frame());
                        new_frame.length = frame_length;
@@ -460,6 +422,7 @@ void Mixer::bm_frame(unsigned card_index, uint16_t timecode,
 
        unsigned num_fields = video_format.interlaced ? 2 : 1;
        steady_clock::time_point frame_upload_start;
+       bool interlaced_stride = false;
        if (video_format.interlaced) {
                // Send the two fields along as separate frames; the other side will need to add
                // a deinterlacer to actually get this right.
@@ -468,6 +431,9 @@ void Mixer::bm_frame(unsigned card_index, uint16_t timecode,
                assert(frame_length % 2 == 0);
                frame_length /= 2;
                num_fields = 2;
+               if (video_format.second_field_start == 1) {
+                       interlaced_stride = true;
+               }
                frame_upload_start = steady_clock::now();
        }
        userdata->last_interlaced = video_format.interlaced;
@@ -491,8 +457,13 @@ void Mixer::bm_frame(unsigned card_index, uint16_t timecode,
                // Note that this means we must hold on to the actual frame data in <userdata>
                // until the upload command is run, but we hold on to <frame> much longer than that
                // (in fact, all the way until we no longer use the texture in rendering).
-               auto upload_func = [field, video_format, y_offset, cbcr_offset, cbcr_width, userdata]() {
-                       unsigned field_start_line = (field == 1) ? video_format.second_field_start : video_format.extra_lines_top + field * (video_format.height + 22);
+               auto upload_func = [field, video_format, y_offset, cbcr_offset, cbcr_width, interlaced_stride, userdata]() {
+                       unsigned field_start_line;
+                       if (field == 1) {
+                               field_start_line = video_format.second_field_start;
+                       } else {
+                               field_start_line = video_format.extra_lines_top;
+                       }
 
                        if (userdata->tex_y[field] == 0 ||
                            userdata->tex_cbcr[field] == 0 ||
@@ -530,16 +501,32 @@ void Mixer::bm_frame(unsigned card_index, uint16_t timecode,
 
                        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, userdata->tex_cbcr[field]);
                        check_error();
+                       if (interlaced_stride) {
+                               glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, cbcr_width * 2);
+                               check_error();
+                       } else {
+                               glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0);
+                               check_error();
+                       }
                        glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, cbcr_width, video_format.height, GL_RG, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, BUFFER_OFFSET(field_cbcr_start));
                        check_error();
                        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, userdata->tex_y[field]);
                        check_error();
+                       if (interlaced_stride) {
+                               glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, video_format.width * 2);
+                               check_error();
+                       } else {
+                               glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0);
+                               check_error();
+                       }
                        glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, video_format.width, video_format.height, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, BUFFER_OFFSET(field_y_start));
                        check_error();
                        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
                        check_error();
                        glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER, 0);
                        check_error();
+                       glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0);
+                       check_error();
                };
 
                if (field == 1) {
@@ -555,7 +542,7 @@ void Mixer::bm_frame(unsigned card_index, uint16_t timecode,
                }
 
                {
-                       unique_lock<mutex> lock(bmusb_mutex);
+                       unique_lock<mutex> lock(card_mutex);
                        CaptureCard::NewFrame new_frame;
                        new_frame.frame = frame;
                        new_frame.length = frame_length;
@@ -583,6 +570,8 @@ void Mixer::bm_hotplug_remove(unsigned card_index)
 
 void Mixer::thread_func()
 {
+       pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), "Mixer_OpenGL");
+
        eglBindAPI(EGL_OPENGL_API);
        QOpenGLContext *context = create_context(mixer_surface);
        if (!make_current(context, mixer_surface)) {
@@ -593,7 +582,9 @@ void Mixer::thread_func()
        // Start the actual capture. (We don't want to do it before we're actually ready
        // to process output frames.)
        for (unsigned card_index = 0; card_index < num_cards; ++card_index) {
-               cards[card_index].capture->start_bm_capture();
+               if (int(card_index) != output_card_index) {
+                       cards[card_index].capture->start_bm_capture();
+               }
        }
 
        steady_clock::time_point start, now;
@@ -603,14 +594,26 @@ void Mixer::thread_func()
        int stats_dropped_frames = 0;
 
        while (!should_quit) {
+               if (desired_output_card_index != output_card_index) {
+                       set_output_card_internal(desired_output_card_index);
+               }
+
                CaptureCard::NewFrame new_frames[MAX_VIDEO_CARDS];
                bool has_new_frame[MAX_VIDEO_CARDS] = { false };
 
-               unsigned master_card_index = theme->map_signal(master_clock_channel);
-               assert(master_card_index < num_cards);
+               bool master_card_is_output;
+               unsigned master_card_index;
+               if (output_card_index != -1) {
+                       master_card_is_output = true;
+                       master_card_index = output_card_index;
+               } else {
+                       master_card_is_output = false;
+                       master_card_index = theme->map_signal(master_clock_channel);
+                       assert(master_card_index < num_cards);
+               }
 
-               OutputFrameInfo output_frame_info = get_one_frame_from_each_card(master_card_index, new_frames, has_new_frame);
-               schedule_audio_resampling_tasks(output_frame_info.dropped_frames, output_frame_info.num_samples, output_frame_info.frame_duration);
+               OutputFrameInfo output_frame_info = get_one_frame_from_each_card(master_card_index, master_card_is_output, new_frames, has_new_frame);
+               schedule_audio_resampling_tasks(output_frame_info.dropped_frames, output_frame_info.num_samples, output_frame_info.frame_duration, output_frame_info.is_preroll);
                stats_dropped_frames += output_frame_info.dropped_frames;
 
                handle_hotplugged_cards();
@@ -630,7 +633,7 @@ void Mixer::thread_func()
 
                // If the first card is reporting a corrupted or otherwise dropped frame,
                // just increase the pts (skipping over this frame) and don't try to compute anything new.
-               if (new_frames[master_card_index].frame->len == 0) {
+               if (!master_card_is_output && new_frames[master_card_index].frame->len == 0) {
                        ++stats_dropped_frames;
                        pts_int += new_frames[master_card_index].length;
                        continue;
@@ -680,10 +683,15 @@ void Mixer::thread_func()
                                        assert(false);
                                }
 
-                               printf(", using %ld / %ld MB lockable memory (%.1f%%)",
-                                       long(used.ru_maxrss / 1024),
-                                       long(limit.rlim_cur / 1048576),
-                                       float(100.0 * (used.ru_maxrss * 1024.0) / limit.rlim_cur));
+                               if (limit.rlim_cur == 0) {
+                                       printf(", using %ld MB memory (locked)",
+                                               long(used.ru_maxrss / 1024));
+                               } else {
+                                       printf(", using %ld / %ld MB lockable memory (%.1f%%)",
+                                               long(used.ru_maxrss / 1024),
+                                               long(limit.rlim_cur / 1048576),
+                                               float(100.0 * (used.ru_maxrss * 1024.0) / limit.rlim_cur));
+                               }
                        } else {
                                printf(", using %ld MB memory (not locked)",
                                        long(used.ru_maxrss / 1024));
@@ -713,17 +721,36 @@ void Mixer::thread_func()
        resource_pool->clean_context();
 }
 
-Mixer::OutputFrameInfo Mixer::get_one_frame_from_each_card(unsigned master_card_index, CaptureCard::NewFrame new_frames[MAX_VIDEO_CARDS], bool has_new_frame[MAX_VIDEO_CARDS])
+bool Mixer::input_card_is_master_clock(unsigned card_index, unsigned master_card_index) const
 {
-       OutputFrameInfo output_frame_info;
+       if (output_card_index != -1) {
+               // The output card (ie., cards[output_card_index].output) is the master clock,
+               // so no input card (ie., cards[card_index].capture) is.
+               return false;
+       }
+       return (card_index == master_card_index);
+}
 
+Mixer::OutputFrameInfo Mixer::get_one_frame_from_each_card(unsigned master_card_index, bool master_card_is_output, CaptureCard::NewFrame new_frames[MAX_VIDEO_CARDS], bool has_new_frame[MAX_VIDEO_CARDS])
+{
+       OutputFrameInfo output_frame_info;
 start:
-       // The first card is the master timer, so wait for it to have a new frame.
-       // TODO: Add a timeout.
-       unique_lock<mutex> lock(bmusb_mutex);
-       cards[master_card_index].new_frames_changed.wait(lock, [this, master_card_index]{ return !cards[master_card_index].new_frames.empty() || cards[master_card_index].capture->get_disconnected(); });
+       unique_lock<mutex> lock(card_mutex, defer_lock);
+       if (master_card_is_output) {
+               // Clocked to the output, so wait for it to be ready for the next frame.
+               cards[master_card_index].output->wait_for_frame(pts_int, &output_frame_info.dropped_frames, &output_frame_info.frame_duration, &output_frame_info.is_preroll);
+               lock.lock();
+       } else {
+               // Wait for the master card to have a new frame.
+               // TODO: Add a timeout.
+               output_frame_info.is_preroll = false;
+               lock.lock();
+               cards[master_card_index].new_frames_changed.wait(lock, [this, master_card_index]{ return !cards[master_card_index].new_frames.empty() || cards[master_card_index].capture->get_disconnected(); });
+       }
 
-       if (cards[master_card_index].new_frames.empty()) {
+       if (master_card_is_output) {
+               handle_hotplugged_cards();
+       } else if (cards[master_card_index].new_frames.empty()) {
                // We were woken up, but not due to a new frame. Deal with it
                // and then restart.
                assert(cards[master_card_index].capture->get_disconnected());
@@ -734,7 +761,7 @@ start:
        for (unsigned card_index = 0; card_index < num_cards; ++card_index) {
                CaptureCard *card = &cards[card_index];
                if (card->new_frames.empty()) {
-                       assert(card_index != master_card_index);
+                       assert(!input_card_is_master_clock(card_index, master_card_index));
                        card->queue_length_policy.update_policy(-1);
                        continue;
                }
@@ -743,7 +770,7 @@ start:
                card->new_frames.pop();
                card->new_frames_changed.notify_all();
 
-               if (card_index == master_card_index) {
+               if (input_card_is_master_clock(card_index, master_card_index)) {
                        // We don't use the queue length policy for the master card,
                        // but we will if it stops being the master. Thus, clear out
                        // the policy in case we switch in the future.
@@ -758,8 +785,10 @@ start:
                }
        }
 
-       output_frame_info.dropped_frames = new_frames[master_card_index].dropped_frames;
-       output_frame_info.frame_duration = new_frames[master_card_index].length;
+       if (!master_card_is_output) {
+               output_frame_info.dropped_frames = new_frames[master_card_index].dropped_frames;
+               output_frame_info.frame_duration = new_frames[master_card_index].length;
+       }
 
        // This might get off by a fractional sample when changing master card
        // between ones with different frame rates, but that's fine.
@@ -779,7 +808,7 @@ void Mixer::handle_hotplugged_cards()
                if (card->capture->get_disconnected()) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "Card %u went away, replacing with a fake card.\n", card_index);
                        FakeCapture *capture = new FakeCapture(global_flags.width, global_flags.height, FAKE_FPS, OUTPUT_FREQUENCY, card_index, global_flags.fake_cards_audio);
-                       configure_card(card_index, capture, /*is_fake_capture=*/true);
+                       configure_card(card_index, capture, /*is_fake_capture=*/true, /*output=*/nullptr);
                        card->queue_length_policy.reset(card_index);
                        card->capture->start_bm_capture();
                }
@@ -796,7 +825,7 @@ void Mixer::handle_hotplugged_cards()
                int free_card_index = -1;
                for (unsigned card_index = 0; card_index < num_cards; ++card_index) {
                        if (cards[card_index].is_fake_capture) {
-                               free_card_index = int(card_index);
+                               free_card_index = card_index;
                                break;
                        }
                }
@@ -809,7 +838,7 @@ void Mixer::handle_hotplugged_cards()
                        fprintf(stderr, "New card plugged in, choosing slot %d.\n", free_card_index);
                        CaptureCard *card = &cards[free_card_index];
                        BMUSBCapture *capture = new BMUSBCapture(free_card_index, new_dev);
-                       configure_card(free_card_index, capture, /*is_fake_capture=*/false);
+                       configure_card(free_card_index, capture, /*is_fake_capture=*/false, /*output=*/nullptr);
                        card->queue_length_policy.reset(free_card_index);
                        capture->set_card_disconnected_callback(bind(&Mixer::bm_hotplug_remove, this, free_card_index));
                        capture->start_bm_capture();
@@ -818,7 +847,7 @@ void Mixer::handle_hotplugged_cards()
 }
 
 
-void Mixer::schedule_audio_resampling_tasks(unsigned dropped_frames, int num_samples_per_frame, int length_per_frame)
+void Mixer::schedule_audio_resampling_tasks(unsigned dropped_frames, int num_samples_per_frame, int length_per_frame, bool is_preroll)
 {
        // Resample the audio as needed, including from previously dropped frames.
        assert(num_cards > 0);
@@ -839,7 +868,7 @@ void Mixer::schedule_audio_resampling_tasks(unsigned dropped_frames, int num_sam
                        // since dropped frames are expected to be rare, and it might be
                        // better to just wait until we have a slightly more normal situation).
                        unique_lock<mutex> lock(audio_mutex);
-                       bool adjust_rate = !dropped_frame;
+                       bool adjust_rate = !dropped_frame && !is_preroll;
                        audio_task_queue.push(AudioTask{pts_int, num_samples_per_frame, adjust_rate});
                        audio_task_queue_changed.notify_one();
                }
@@ -872,7 +901,10 @@ void Mixer::render_one_frame(int64_t duration)
        chain->render_to_fbo(fbo, global_flags.width, global_flags.height);
        resource_pool->release_fbo(fbo);
 
-       subsample_chroma(cbcr_full_tex, cbcr_tex);
+       chroma_subsampler->subsample_chroma(cbcr_full_tex, global_flags.width, global_flags.height, cbcr_tex);
+       if (output_card_index != -1) {
+               cards[output_card_index].output->send_frame(y_tex, cbcr_full_tex, theme_main_chain.input_frames, pts_int, duration);
+       }
        resource_pool->release_2d_texture(cbcr_full_tex);
 
        // Set the right state for rgba_tex.
@@ -912,6 +944,8 @@ void Mixer::render_one_frame(int64_t duration)
 
 void Mixer::audio_thread_func()
 {
+       pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), "Mixer_Audio");
+
        while (!should_quit) {
                AudioTask task;
 
@@ -936,73 +970,14 @@ void Mixer::audio_thread_func()
                if (alsa) {
                        alsa->write(samples_out);
                }
+               if (output_card_index != -1) {
+                       const int64_t av_delay = lrint(global_flags.audio_queue_length_ms * 0.001 * TIMEBASE);  // Corresponds to the delay in ResamplingQueue.
+                       cards[output_card_index].output->send_audio(task.pts_int + av_delay, samples_out);
+               }
                video_encoder->add_audio(task.pts_int, move(samples_out));
        }
 }
 
-void Mixer::subsample_chroma(GLuint src_tex, GLuint dst_tex)
-{
-       GLuint vao;
-       glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao);
-       check_error();
-
-       glBindVertexArray(vao);
-       check_error();
-
-       // Extract Cb/Cr.
-       GLuint fbo = resource_pool->create_fbo(dst_tex);
-       glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fbo);
-       glViewport(0, 0, global_flags.width/2, global_flags.height/2);
-       check_error();
-
-       glUseProgram(cbcr_program_num);
-       check_error();
-
-       glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
-       check_error();
-       glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, src_tex);
-       check_error();
-       glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-       check_error();
-       glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-       check_error();
-       glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-       check_error();
-
-       float chroma_offset_0[] = { -1.0f / global_flags.width, 0.0f };
-       float chroma_offset_1[] = { -0.0f / global_flags.width, 0.0f };
-       set_uniform_vec2(cbcr_program_num, "foo", "chroma_offset_0", chroma_offset_0);
-       set_uniform_vec2(cbcr_program_num, "foo", "chroma_offset_1", chroma_offset_1);
-
-       glUniform1i(cbcr_texture_sampler_uniform, 0);
-
-       glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, cbcr_vbo);
-       check_error();
-
-       for (GLint attr_index : { cbcr_position_attribute_index, cbcr_texcoord_attribute_index }) {
-               glEnableVertexAttribArray(attr_index);
-               check_error();
-               glVertexAttribPointer(attr_index, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, BUFFER_OFFSET(0));
-               check_error();
-       }
-
-       glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
-       check_error();
-
-       for (GLint attr_index : { cbcr_position_attribute_index, cbcr_texcoord_attribute_index }) {
-               glDisableVertexAttribArray(attr_index);
-               check_error();
-       }
-
-       glUseProgram(0);
-       check_error();
-       glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
-       check_error();
-
-       resource_pool->release_fbo(fbo);
-       glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &vao);
-}
-
 void Mixer::release_display_frame(DisplayFrame *frame)
 {
        for (GLuint texnum : frame->temp_textures) {