#!/bin/bash
+# backup.sh
+#
+# Backup up Unix-like computers
+#
+# itk@samfundet.no
+#
+# This script was first checked into RCS in 2000, and has since backed up a few
+# servers almost every day, whenever not broken.
+#
+# It's a bit peculiar, but quite effective. The following is worth keeping in
+# mind when hacking:
+#
+# KISS. And by that I mean really simple. Only regular Unix commands, please
+# (but GNU extensions are used and moreutils has to be installed).
+#
+# Because of the way we run this script from cron, informational logging goes
+# to stderr and warnings and errors to stdout. This way, we get mail whenever
+# stuff fails, and other output is redirected to the log file.
+#
+# The computers are backed up in parallel (but the filesystems on each
+# computer in serial). This is implemented highly simplistic, with forking
+# subshells. The script has no concept about threads, and stuff might go wrong,
+# which usually requires manual cleanups.
+#
+# The script is halfway Norwegian and halfway English. Newer modifications are
+# in English, we should probably stick to that.
+#
+# Known issues:
+#
+# o $R has no proper meaning because of the forking subshell stuff. We need a
+# more robust way of returning non-zero on errors, which we probably don't
+# right now.
+#
-PATH=/local/bin:$PATH
+# Configuration
+LOCKFILE=/home/backup/backuprun.lockfile
+confdir=/home/backup/conf/ # Configuration files
+storagedir=/backup # Where we keep backups
+maksantallfulle=3 # Number of full backups
+dagermellomfulle=30 # Days between full backups
+dagermellomfulleforfast=32 # Days between full backups for machines with fixed
+ # full-backup date (in case the fixed day gets missed)
+DAY_OF_MONTH=`date "+%d" | sed s/^0//` # from 1 to 31
+DATE=`date "+%Y%m%d%H%M"` #format: touch
+DATEs=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` #format: tar
+
+# Exclude-pattern
+exclude=$confdir/exclude
+[ ! -f $exclude ] && printf "tmp\ncore\n" > $exclude
+
+# Initially, we consider everything to be just fine.
+R=0
+
+# Die more or less gracefully (at least notify user)
+die() {
+ echo `date`": Something nasty happened, and since I fork a lot:"
+ echo `date`": I CANNOT CLEAN UP THE MESS MYSELF."
+ echo `date`": You need to get rid of lost process named stuff like $0, tar and ssh."
+ exit 255
+}
+
+# Trap C-c and kill
+trap die SIGINT SIGTERM
+
+# Don't start if we're already running
+if [ -e $LOCKFILE ]; then
+ echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`, exiting."
+ echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`, exiting." >&2
+ exit 1
+fi;
+touch $LOCKFILE
+echo $$ > $LOCKFILE
+
+#syntax of remotestat:
+#hostname:/directory/
+remotestatf=$confdir/remotestat
+[ -f $remotestatf ] && remotestat=`cat $remotestatf`
+###
+
+PATH=/local/bin:$PATH:/store/bin
export PATH
-echo -n "Starter... "
-date
+echo `date`": Backup run starting" >&2
-#newgrp itk
umask 027
-#liste over maskinene vi tar backup av. (space mellom maskinnavn)
-computers="cirkus backup josef"
-#for debug
-#computers="josef"
-###
+# The computers we want to back up
+unixcomputers=`cat $confdir/computers.unix \
+ | grep -v "^#" \
+ | grep -v "^$" `
-#disse bør kunne varieres fra fs til fs
-maksantallfulle=2 #hvor mange fulle vi tar vare på
-#maksantalldaglige=30 #hvor mange daglige vi tar vare på
-dagermellomfulle=30 #antall dager før det er på tide med ny full
-###
+# Backup only one computer, from command line?
+if [ $1 ] ; then
+ unixcomputers=$1
+fi;
-#lager datovariabeler
-DATE=`date "+%Y%m%d%H%M"` #passer for bruk med touch
-DATEs=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` #passer for bruk med tar
-###
#selve backupen
# krever at noen variabler er satt
backup()
{
- if [ "$backuplevel" = "daglig" ]
+ echo -n `date` >&2
+ printf " $computer: $computer:$filesystem $backuplevel backup\n" >&2
+
+ if [ "$backuplevel" = "daglig" ] || [ "$backuplevel" = "incremental" ]
then
- forrige=`cat ../.dato`
- forrigecmd=--newer=\"$forrige\"
+ lastd=`cat ../.date`
+ lastcmd="--newer='$lastd'"
else
- forrigecmd=""
+ lastcmd=""
fi
- if `ssh $computer "cd $filesystem ;\
- tar cfl - . $forrigecmd \
- --exclude=\"tmp\" \
- --exclude=\".netscape/cache\" \
- --exclude=\"core\" \
- --exclude=\"*.rar\" \
- --exclude=\"*.mp3\" \
- --exclude=\"*.MP3\" \
- --exclude=\"*.iso\" \
- --exclude=\"*.rar\" \
- | gzip" \
- | dd of=$DATE.tmp 2>/dev/null`
- then
- #Det gikk kanskje bra
- mv $DATE.tmp $DATE.tgz
- #lage listefil
- tar tvfz $DATE.tgz > $DATE.idx 2>&1
- grep -v ^d $DATE.idx | sort -n -r +2 > $DATE.sdx
+ # expand the exclude-path for use with tar
+ exf=`ssh root@$computer "ls ~/.backup/exclude"`
+
+ # We try to run tar on the remote computer
+ # z gzip it
+ # c create archive
+ # C change to directory first
+ # . where to start taring (see C)
+ # $lastcmd only files newer than this
+ # --one-file-system don't traverse file systems
+ # --exclude-from file to get exclusion pattern from
+ # Pipe the stuff over ssh to ourselves, run pee to cat the contents to a
+ # file and build a file list, respectivly.
+ TARFILE=$DATE.tmp
+ TARCMD="ssh root@$computer \"nice -n 19 ionice -c3 tar --one-file-system -zcf - -C $filesystem . $lastcmd \
+ --exclude-from=$exf\" | pee \"cat > $TARFILE\" \"tar tzvf -\""
+ echo `date`" $computer: Running $TARCMD" >&2
+ eval $TARCMD > $DATE.idx
+
+ if [ -s $TARFILE ]; then
+ # File is >0 in size, we assume it worked.
+
+ # Move tar file in place
+ mv $TARFILE $DATE.tgz
+
+ # Update timestamp
+ echo $DATEs > ../.date && touch -t $DATE ../.date
- #oppdatere datofil
- echo $DATEs > ../.dato
- touch -t $DATE ../.dato
+ # Make a sorted filelist as well
+ sort -k6 < $DATE.idx > $DATE.sdx
- #fikse rettigheter
- chmod 600 *tgz
- chmod 644 *sdx *idx
+ # Fix permissions
+ chmod 600 *tgz #only for us
+ chmod 644 *sdx *idx 2>/dev/null #everyone can read
else
- #Det gikk ikke bra
- rm $DATE.tmp
- echo "$backuplevel backup av $computer:$filesystem gikk ikke bra"
+ # Something wrong happened.
+ rm $TARFILE
+ echo `date`" $computer: $TARFILE empty. $backuplevel backup of $computer:$filesystem failed and deleted"
+
+ # We don't want to return 0
+ R=1
fi
+
}
-for computer in $computers
+for computer in $unixcomputers
do
+(
+ # Check that the target filesystem is mounted (actually check that it's not
+ # the root filesystem)
+ rootfilesystem=`df -P /`
+ targetfilesystem=`df -P "$storagedir/$computer"`
+ if [ "$rootfilesystem" == "$targetfilesystem" ]; then
+ echo `date`" $computer: Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) was mounted on /. Aborting"
+ continue
+ fi
+
+ echo `date`" $computer: Backing up $computer" >&2
+
+ # Try to SSH to the computer without entering a password.
+ if ! `ssh -n -o NumberOfPasswordPrompts=0 root@$computer /bin/true`; then
+ echo `date`" $computer: Could not use passwordless SSH."
+
+ # We don't want to return 0
+ R=1
+ # Do next computer
+ continue;
+ fi
- #tømmer variabelen for sikkerhets skyld
filesystems=""
- #Sjekker nest siste felt i fstab. Om det er 0 tar vi ikke backup
- filesystems=`ssh -n $computer "cat /etc/fstab" \
+ # Check dump bit in fstab
+ filesystems=`ssh -n root@$computer "cat /etc/fstab" \
| grep -v nfs \
- | grep -v ^# \
+ | grep -v "^#" \
+ | grep -v "^$" \
| awk '{ if ( $(NF-1) != "0" ) print $2}' `
- #for debugging
- #filesystems="/"
+ # Clean up our dir at this client
+ if ! ssh root@$computer "rm -r ~/.backup ; mkdir -m 700 ~/.backup"; then
+ echo `date`" $computer: Could not create backup staging area at $computer:~/.backup - skipping backup of $computer"
+ R=1
+ continue;
+ fi
+
+ # Try to copy $exclude to $computer
+ if ! scp $exclude root@$computer:~/.backup/exclude > /dev/null; then
+ echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy exclude.txt to $computer - skipping backup of $computer"
+ R=1
+ continue;
+ fi
+
+ # Try to copy preeexec and postexec if they exist
+ if [ -f $confdir/preexec.$computer ]; then
+ if ! scp $confdir/preexec.$computer root@$computer:~/.backup/preexec >&2; then
+ echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy preexec.$computer to $computer:~/.backup/preexec - skipping backup of $computer"
+ R=1
+ continue
+ fi
+ fi
+ if [ -f $confdir/postexec.$computer ]; then
+ if ! scp $confdir/postexec.$computer root@$computer:~/.backup/postexec >&2; then
+ echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy postexec.$computer to $computer:~/.backup/postexec - skipping backup of $computer"
+ R=1
+ continue
+ fi
+ fi
+
+ # Try to run preexec if it exist
+ if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f ~/.backup/preexec ] || /bin/bash -x ~/.backup/preexec" >&2; then
+ echo `date`" $computer: Could not run $computer:~/.backup/preexec - skipping backup of $computer"
+ R=1
+ continue
+ fi
+
for filesystem in $filesystems
do
- #lager en variant uten tegnet "/"
- sfilesystem=`echo $filesystem | tr '/' '_'`
+ # Remove / and $ (for Windows) for path names
+ sfilesystem=`echo $filesystem | tr '\/\$' '__'`
- #
- echo $filesystem > /backup/$computer/$sfilesystem.navn
- chmod 644 /backup/$computer/$sfilesystem.navn
+ # Prepare storage area
+ mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/{full,daglig} 2>/dev/null
+ echo $filesystem > ${storagedir}/${computer}/.${sfilesystem}.name
+ chmod 644 ${storagedir}/${computer}/.${sfilesystem}.name
- #standard backuplevel. full og daglig er eneste muligheter
+ # Default backuplevel
backuplevel=daglig
- #backuplevel=full
-
- #lager det som trengs av kataloger
- mkdir -m 755 -p /backup/$computer/$sfilesystem/{full,daglig} 2>/dev/null
- #Bør bare skje ved første gangs kjøring for dette fs
- if [ ! -f /backup/$computer/$sfilesystem/.dato ]
+ if [ ! -f $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date ]
then
+ # Take the first full backup of this filesystem on this computer
backuplevel=full
- echo $DATEs > /backup/$computer/$sfilesystem/.dato
- echo "$computer:$filesystem datofil laget"
- echo "$computer:$filesystem trenger full pga ingen fra foer"
+ echo $DATEs > $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date
fi
- #sjekker om det er på tide med en full
- if
- [ -z `find /backup/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/ -name \*tgz -mtime -$dagermellomfulle` ]
- then
- echo "$computer:$filesystem trenger full pga lenge siden sist"
+ # Check if we want a full backup - Debug statement that causes noise in cron mail:
+ # printf " $computer $filesystem: $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem\n"
+ if [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem ]; then
+ fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$dagermellomfulleforfast
+ if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem`" ]; then
+ backuplevel=full
+ fi
+ elif [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer ]; then
+ fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$dagermellomfulleforfast
+ if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer`" ]; then
+ backuplevel=full
+ fi
+ else
+ fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$dagermellomfulle
+ fi
+
+ if [ -z "`find $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/ -name \*tgz -mtime -$fullbackup_min_for_this_machine`" ]; then
backuplevel=full
fi
-
- #gå ned i rett katalog
- cd /backup/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevel
- #selve backupen
+ # We want to be here
+ cd $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevel || die
+
+ # Perform the actual backup
backup
- echo "$computer:$filesystem sletter fulle slik at vi ikke har mer enn 2"
- mf=$(($maksantallfulle+1))
- for full in `ls -1t /backup/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail +$mf`
+ # Check if this box has a custom number of full backups
+ if [ -f $confdir/maksfulle.$computer ] ; then
+ mf=$((`cat $confdir/maksfulle.$computer`+1))
+ else
+ mf=$(($maksantallfulle+1))
+ fi
+
+ # Delete old full backups
+ for full in `ls -1t $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -n +$mf`
do
- prefix=`echo $full|cut -d . -f 1`
- echo "$computer:$filesystem sletter $prefix"
+ prefix=`echo $full | sed "s/\.[^.]*$//"`
+ echo `date`": $computer:$filesystem Deleting full backup $prefix" >&2
rm $prefix*
done
- echo "$computer:$filesystem ferdig med slett av fulle"
- echo "$computer:$filesystem slette daglige eldre enn eldste fulle"
- eldste=`ls -t1 /backup/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -1`
+ # Delete incremental backups older than the oldest full backup
+ oldf=`ls -t1 $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -1`
find \
- /backup/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig \
- \! -newer $eldste \
- -print \
- -exec rm {} \;
- echo "$computer:$filesystem ferdig med slett av gamle daglige"
-
+ $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig \
+ -type f \
+ \! -newer $oldf \
+ -printf "`date`: $computer: Deleting old incremental backup: %p\n" \
+ -exec rm {} \; >&2
done
+ # Try to run postexec if it exist
+ if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f ~/.backup/postexec ] || /bin/bash -x ~/.backup/postexec" >&2; then
+ echo `date`" $computer: Could not run $computer:~/.backup/postexec"
+ R=1
+ fi
+
+) &
done
-#Finne de backupene som har tryna og
-#lage en webside med de
-/home/backup/finn_ufullstendige.sh
+wait
+
+# Remove lockfile
+rm $LOCKFILE
-echo -n "Ferdig... "
-date
+# Did anything go wrong?
+# (IMPORTANT NOTE: The R-business does not work as expected, since this script
+# forks itself).
+if [ $R != 0 ]; then
+ echo `date`": Backup run ended with errors, check logs."
+ exit 1
+else
+ echo `date`": Backup run ended" >&2
+fi
projects / backup.sh / blobdiff