-#!/bin/sh
+#!/bin/bash
# backup.sh
#
# Backup up Unix-like computers
# It's a bit peculiar, but quite effective. The following is worth keeping in
# mind when hacking:
#
-# KISS. And by that I mean really simple. Only regular Unix commands, please
-# (but GNU extensions are used).
-#
# Because of the way we run this script from cron, informational logging goes
# to stderr and warnings and errors to stdout. This way, we get mail whenever
# stuff fails, and other output is redirected to the log file.
#
-# The computers are backed up in parallell (but the filesystems on each
-# computer in serial). This is implemented highly simplistic, with forking
-# subshells. The script has no concept about threads, and stuff might go wrong,
-# which usually requires manual cleanups.
-#
# The script is halfway Norwegian and halfway English. Newer modifications are
# in English, we should probably stick to that.
-# TODO(sesse, 2007-12-16):
-# * Sjekk hvorfor .idx-filene til UD er blitt 0 for siste fullbackuper
-# * Rydde uleselig kode fra linje 211 og litt nedover
+# The computer to backup.
+computer=$1
# Configuration
-LOCKFILE=/home/backup/backuprun.lockfile
-confdir=/home/backup/conf/ # Configuration files
-storagedir=/backup # Where we keep backups
-maksantallfulle=3 # Number of full backups
-dagermellomfulle=30 # Days between full backups
-DATE=`date "+%Y%m%d%H%M"` #format: touch
-DATEs=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` #format: tar
+LOCKFILE=/home/backup/backuprun.lockfile.$computer
+confdir=/home/backup/conf/ # Configuration files
+storagedir=/backup # Where we keep backups
+maxnumfull=3 # Number of full backups
+daysbetweenfull=30 # Days between full backups
+daysbetweenfullforfixed=32 # Days between full backups for machines with fixed
+ # full-backup date (in case the fixed day gets missed)
+DAY_OF_MONTH=`date "+%d" | sed s/^0//` # from 1 to 31
+DATE=`date "+%Y%m%d%H%M"` #format: touch
+DATEs=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` #format: tar
# Exclude-pattern
exclude=$confdir/exclude
[ ! -f $exclude ] && printf "tmp\ncore\n" > $exclude
-# Initially, we consider everything to be just fine.
-R=0
+if [ -z "$computer" ]; then
+ echo "Usage: $0 COMPUTER"
+ exit 1
+fi
# Die more or less gracefully (at least notify user)
die() {
- echo `date`": Something nasty happened, and since I fork a lot:"
- echo `date`": I CANNOT CLEAN UP THE MESS MYSELF."
- echo `date`": You need to get rid of lost process named stuff like $0, tar and ssh."
- exit 255
+ echo `date`": Something nasty happened."
+ rm $LOCKFILE
+ exit 1
+}
+diemsg() {
+ echo `date`": $computer: $@"
+ die
}
# Trap C-c and kill
# Don't start if we're already running
if [ -e $LOCKFILE ]; then
- echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists, exiting."
- echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists, exiting." >&2
+ echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`, exiting."
+ echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`, exiting." >&2
exit 1
fi;
touch $LOCKFILE
-
-#syntax of remotestat:
-#hostname:/directory/
-remotestatf=$confdir/remotestat
-[ -f $remotestatf ] && remotestat=`cat $remotestatf`
-###
-
-PATH=/local/bin:$PATH:/store/bin
-export PATH
+echo $$ > $LOCKFILE
echo `date`": Backup run starting" >&2
umask 027
-# The computers we want to back up
-unixcomputers=`cat $confdir/computers.unix \
- | grep -v "^#" \
- | grep -v "^$" `
-
-# Backup only one computer, from command line?
-if [ $1 ] ; then
- unixcomputers=$1
-fi;
-
-#selve backupen
-# krever at noen variabler er satt
-# krever at vi er i rett katalog
backup()
{
+ echo -n `date` >&2
+ printf " $computer: $computer:$filesystem $backuplevel backup\n" >&2
+
+ SNARFILE="${storagedir}/${computer}/${sfilesystem}/.incremental.snar"
+ incrementalsnar="/root/.backup/${sfilesystem}.snar"
+ if [ "$backuplevel" = "daglig" ]
+ then
+ # If incremental backup, we need to copy the incremental status to $computer.
+ # If it does not exist, whine a bit and then run date-based instead.
+ if [ -s "$SNARFILE" ]; then
+ if ! scp $SNARFILE root@$computer:$incrementalsnar; then
+ diemsg "Could not copy .incremental.snar to $computer"
+ fi
+ lastcmd="--listed-incremental=$incrementalsnar --no-check-device"
+ else
+ echo `date`" $computer: Missing incremental.snar for $filesystem, doing date-based backup instead until next full backup" >&2
+ incrementalsnar=""
+ lastd=`cat ../.date`
+ lastcmd="--newer='$lastd'"
+ fi
+ else
+ lastcmd="--listed-incremental=$incrementalsnar"
+ fi
+
+ # We try to run tar on the remote computer
+ # c create archive
+ # C change to directory first
+ # . where to start taring (see C)
+ # $lastcmd only files newer than this
+ # --one-file-system don't traverse file systems
+ # --use-compress-program compress it using gzip or pigz
+ # --exclude-from file to get exclusion pattern from
+ # Pipe the stuff over ssh to ourselves, run pee to cat the contents to a
+ # file and build a file list, respectivly.
+ TARFILE=$DATE.tmp
+ TARCMD="ssh root@$computer \"nice -n 19 ionice -c3 tar --one-file-system --use-compress-program $compressor -cf - -C $filesystem . $lastcmd \
+ --exclude-from=/root/.backup/exclude\" | pee \"cat > $TARFILE\" \"tar tzvf -\""
+ echo `date`" $computer: Running $TARCMD" >&2
+ eval $TARCMD > $DATE.idx
+
+ if [ $? -eq 0 ] && [ -s $TARFILE ]; then
+ # File is >0 in size and neither cat or tar tzvf failed; we assume it worked.
+
+ if ! scp root@$computer:$incrementalsnar $SNARFILE.tmp; then
+ diemsg "Could not copy .incremental.snar from $computer"
+ fi
+
+ # Move tar file in place
+ mv $TARFILE $DATE.tgz
+ mv $SNARFILE.tmp $SNARFILE
+
+ # Update timestamp
+ echo $DATEs > ../.date && touch -t $DATE ../.date
+
+ # Make a sorted file list as well
+ sort -k6 < $DATE.idx > $DATE.sdx
+
+ # Fix permissions
+ chmod 600 *tgz #only for us
+ chmod 644 *sdx *idx 2>/dev/null #everyone can read
+
+ # Let the remote computer know that we ran a successful backup (for nagios)
+ ssh root@$computer touch $filesystem/.lastbackup
+ else
+ # Something wrong happened.
+ rm $TARFILE
+ diemsg "tar failed or $TARFILE empty. $backuplevel backup of $computer:$filesystem failed and deleted"
+ fi
+}
- echo -n `date` >&2
- printf " $computer: $computer:$filesystem $backuplevel backup" >&2
-
- if [ "$backuplevel" = "daglig" ] || [ "$backuplevel" = "incremental" ]
- then
- lastd=`cat ../.date`
- lastcmd="--newer='$lastd'"
- else
- lastcmd=""
- fi
-
- #if this client has a special tar
- #we need to find a better solution to this conf-issue
- if [ -f $confdir/tar.$computer ] ; then
- tar=`cat $confdir/tar.$computer`
- else
- tar=tar
- fi
-
- # expand the exclude-path for use with tar
- exf=`ssh root@$computer "ls ~/.backup/exclude"`
-
- # We try to run tar on the remote computer
- # z gzip it
- # c create archive
- # C change to directory first
- # . where to start taring (see C)
- # $lastcmd only files newer than this
- # --one-file-system don't traverse file systems
- # --exclude-from file to get exclusion pattern from
- # Pipe the stuff over ssh to ourselves, run pee to cat the contents to a
- # file and build a file list, respectivly.
- TARFILE=$DATE.tmp
- TARCMD="ssh root@$computer \"$tar --one-file-system -zcf - -C $filesystem . $lastcmd \
- --exclude-from=$exf\" | pee \"cat > $TARFILE\" \"tar tzvf -\""
- echo `date`" $computer: Running $TARCMD" >&2
- eval $TARCMD > $DATE.idx
-
- if [ -s $TARFILE ]; then
- # File is >0 in size, we assume it worked.
-
- # Move tar file in place
- mv $TARFILE $DATE.tgz
-
- # Update timestamp
- echo $DATEs > ../.date && touch -t $DATE ../.date
-
- # Make a sorted filelist
- grep -v ^d $DATE.idx | sort -n -r -k 2 > $DATE.sdx
-
- # Fix permissions
- chmod 600 *tgz #only for us
- chmod 644 *sdx *idx 2>/dev/null #everyone can read
-
- else
- # Something wrong happened.
- rm $TARFILE
- echo `date`" $computer: $TARFILE empty. $backuplevel backup of $computer:$filesystem failed and deleted"
-
- # We don't want to return 0
- R=1
- fi
+# Check that the target filesystem is mounted (actually check that it's not
+# the root filesystem)
+if [ ! -d "$storagedir/$computer" ]; then
+ diemsg "Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) does not exist. Aborting"
+fi
+rootfilesystem=`df -P /`
+targetfilesystem=`df -P "$storagedir/$computer"`
+if [ "$rootfilesystem" == "$targetfilesystem" ]; then
+ diemsg "Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) was mounted on /. Aborting"
+fi
-}
+echo `date`" $computer: Backing up $computer" >&2
+
+# Try to SSH to the computer without entering a password.
+if ! `ssh -n -o NumberOfPasswordPrompts=0 root@$computer /bin/true`; then
+ diemsg "Could not use passwordless SSH."
+fi
-for computer in $unixcomputers
-do
-(
- # Check that the target filesystem is mounted (actually check that it's not
- # the root filesystem)
- rootfilesystem=`df -P /`
- targetfilesystem=`df -P "$storagedir/$computer"`
- if [ "$rootfilesystem" == "$targetfilesystem" ]; then
- echo `date`" $computer: Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) was mounted on /. Aborting"
- continue
- fi
-
- echo `date`" $computer: Backing up $computer" >&2
-
- # Try to SSH to the computer without entering a password.
- if ! `ssh -n -o NumberOfPasswordPrompts=0 root@$computer /bin/true`; then
- echo `date`" $computer: Could not use passwordless SSH."
-
- # We don't want to return 0
- R=1
- # Do next computer
- continue;
- fi
-
- filesystems=""
-
- # Check dump bit in fstab
- filesystems=`ssh -n root@$computer "cat /etc/fstab" \
- | grep -v nfs \
- | grep -v "^#" \
- | grep -v "^$" \
- | awk '{ if ( $(NF-1) != "0" ) print $2}' `
-
- # Clean up our dir at this client
- if ! ssh root@$computer "rm -r ~/.backup ; mkdir -m 700 ~/.backup"; then
- echo `date`" $computer: Could not create backup staging area at $computer:~/.backup - skipping backup of $computer"
- R=1
- continue;
- fi
-
- # Try to copy $exclude to $computer
- if ! scp $exclude root@$computer:~/.backup/exclude > /dev/null; then
- echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy exclude.txt to $computer - skipping backup of $computer"
- R=1
- continue;
- fi
-
- # Try to copy preeexec and postexec if they exist
-# TODO: Gah, clean this mess!
- [ -f $confdir/preexec.$computer ] && (
- scp $confdir/preexec.$computer root@$computer:~/.backup/preexec >&2 ||
- ( echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy preexec.$computer to $computer:~/.backup/preexec - skipping backup of $computer"
- R=1
- continue
- )
- )
- [ -f $confdir/postexec.$computer ] && (
- scp $confdir/postexec.$computer root@$computer:~/.backup/postexec >&2 ||
- ( echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy postexec.$computer to $computer:~/.backup/postexec - skipping backup of $computer"
- R=1
- continue
- )
- )
-
- # Try to run preexec if it exist
- if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f ~/.backup/preexec ] || /bin/bash -x ~/.backup/preexec" >&2; then
- echo `date`" $computer: Could not run $computer:~/.backup/preexec - skipping backup of $computer"
- R=1
- continue
- fi
-
-
- for filesystem in $filesystems
- do
- # Remove / and $ (for Windows) for path names
- sfilesystem=`echo $filesystem | tr '\/\$' '__'`
-
- # Prepare storage area
- mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/{full,daglig} 2>/dev/null
- echo $filesystem > ${storagedir}/${computer}/.${sfilesystem}.name
- chmod 644 ${storagedir}/${computer}/.${sfilesystem}.name
-
- # Default backuplevel
- backuplevel=daglig
-
- if [ ! -f $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date ]
- then
- # Take the first full backup of this filesystem on this computer
- backuplevel=full
- echo $DATEs > $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date
- fi
-
- # Check if we want a full backup
- if [ -z "`find $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/ -name \*tgz -mtime -$dagermellomfulle`" ]; then
- backuplevel=full
- fi
-
- # We want to be here
- cd $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevel || die
-
- # Perform the actual backup
- backup
-
- # Check if this box has a custom number of full backups
- if [ -f $confdir/maksfulle.$computer ] ; then
- mf=$((`cat $confdir/maksfulle.$computer`+1))
- else
- mf=$(($maksantallfulle+1))
- fi
-
- # Delete old full backups
- for full in `ls -1t $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -n +$mf`
- do
- prefix=`echo $full | sed "s/\.[^.]*$//"`
- echo `date`": $computer:$filesystem Deleting full backup $prefix" >&2
- rm $prefix*
- done
-
- # Delete incremental backups older than the oldest full backup
- oldf=`ls -t1 $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -1`
- find \
- $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig \
- -type f \
- \! -newer $oldf \
- -printf "`date`: $computer: Deleting old incremental backup: %p\n" \
- -exec rm {} \; >&2
- done
-
- # Try to run postexec if it exist
- if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f ~/.backup/postexec ] || /bin/bash -x ~/.backup/postexec" >&2; then
- echo `date`" $computer: Could not run $computer:~/.backup/postexec"
- R=1
- fi
-
-) &
+# Check if pigz is available
+if ssh -n root@$computer "pigz -V 2>/dev/null"; then
+ compressor=pigz
+else
+ echo `date`" $computer: pigz missing; falling back to gzip."
+ compressor=gzip
+fi
+
+# Check dump bit in fstab
+filesystems=`ssh -n root@$computer "cat /etc/fstab" \
+ | grep -v nfs \
+ | grep -v "^#" \
+ | grep -v "^$" \
+ | awk '{ if ( $(NF-1) != "0" ) print $2}' `
+
+# Clean up our dir at this client
+if ! ssh root@$computer "rm -r /root/.backup ; mkdir -m 700 /root/.backup"; then
+ diemsg "Could not create backup staging area at $computer:/root/.backup"
+fi
+
+# Try to copy $exclude to $computer
+if ! scp $exclude root@$computer:/root/.backup/exclude > /dev/null; then
+ diemsg "Could not copy exclude.txt to $computer"
+fi
+
+# Try to copy preeexec and postexec if they exist
+if [ -f $confdir/preexec.$computer ]; then
+ if ! scp $confdir/preexec.$computer root@$computer:/root/.backup/preexec >&2; then
+ diemsg "Could not copy preexec.$computer to $computer:/root/.backup/preexec"
+ fi
+fi
+if [ -f $confdir/postexec.$computer ]; then
+ if ! scp $confdir/postexec.$computer root@$computer:/root/.backup/postexec >&2; then
+ diemsg "Could not copy postexec.$computer to $computer:/root/.backup/postexec"
+ fi
+fi
+
+# Try to run preexec if it exists
+if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f /root/.backup/preexec ] || /bin/bash -x /root/.backup/preexec" >&2; then
+ diemsg "Could not run $computer:/root/.backup/preexec"
+fi
+
+for filesystem in $filesystems; do
+ # Remove / and $ (for Windows) for path names
+ sfilesystem=`echo $filesystem | tr '\/\$' '__'`
+
+ # Prepare storage area
+ mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full 2>/dev/null
+ mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig 2>/dev/null
+
+ # Default backuplevel
+ backuplevel=daglig
+
+ if [ ! -f $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date ]
+ then
+ # Take the first full backup of this filesystem on this computer
+ backuplevel=full
+ echo $DATEs > $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date
+ fi
+
+ # Check if we want a full backup
+ if [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem ]; then
+ fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfullforfixed
+ if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem`" ]; then
+ backuplevel=full
+ fi
+ elif [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer ]; then
+ fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfullforfixed
+ if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer`" ]; then
+ backuplevel=full
+ fi
+ else
+ fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfull
+ fi
+
+ if [ -z "`find $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/ -name \*tgz -mtime -$fullbackup_min_for_this_machine`" ]; then
+ backuplevel=full
+ fi
+
+ # We want to be here
+ cd $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevelmsg || die "$storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevel does not exist"
+
+ # Perform the actual backup
+ backup
+
+ # Check if this box has a custom number of full backups
+ if [ -f $confdir/maksfulle.$computer ] ; then
+ mf=$((`cat $confdir/maksfulle.$computer`+1))
+ else
+ mf=$(($maxnumfull+1))
+ fi
+
+ # Delete old full backups
+ for full in `ls -1t $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -n +$mf`; do
+ prefix=`echo $full | sed "s/\.[^.]*$//"`
+ echo `date`": $computer:$filesystem Deleting full backup $prefix" >&2
+ rm $prefix*
+ done
+
+ # Delete incremental backups older than the oldest full backup
+ oldf=`ls -t1 $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -1`
+ find \
+ $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig \
+ -type f \
+ \! -newer $oldf \
+ -printf "`date`: $computer: Deleting old incremental backup: %p\n" \
+ -exec rm {} \; >&2
done
-wait
+# Try to run postexec if it exist
+if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f /root/.backup/postexec ] || /bin/bash -x /root/.backup/postexec" >&2; then
+ diemsg "Could not run $computer:/root/.backup/postexec"
+fi
# Remove lockfile
rm $LOCKFILE
-
-# Did anything go wrong?
-# (IMPORTANT NOTE: The R-business does not work as expected, since this script
-# forks itself).
-if [ $R != 0 ]; then
- echo `date`": Backup run ended with errors, check logs."
- exit 1
-else
- echo `date`": Backup run ended" >&2
-fi
projects / backup.sh / blobdiff