]> git.sesse.net Git - nageru/blobdiff - video_stream.cpp
Allow symlinked frame files. Useful for testing.
[nageru] / video_stream.cpp
index 8d485ad02b20e79ab3c2a2ef578c7395835d2e9b..d425ed190b6fa3187a6f3311c3c980d7ff48c031 100644 (file)
@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ extern "C" {
 #include <libavformat/avio.h>
 }
 
-#include <jpeglib.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
+#include "chroma_subsampler.h"
 #include "context.h"
+#include "flags.h"
 #include "flow.h"
 #include "httpd.h"
 #include "jpeg_frame_view.h"
@@ -16,36 +15,17 @@ extern "C" {
 #include "mux.h"
 #include "player.h"
 #include "util.h"
+#include "ycbcr_converter.h"
 
 #include <epoxy/glx.h>
+#include <jpeglib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 using namespace std;
+using namespace std::chrono;
 
 extern HTTPD *global_httpd;
 
-namespace {
-
-string read_file(const string &filename)
-{
-       FILE *fp = fopen(filename.c_str(), "rb");
-       if (fp == nullptr) {
-               perror(filename.c_str());
-               return "";
-       }
-
-       fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
-       long len = ftell(fp);
-       rewind(fp);
-
-       string ret;
-       ret.resize(len);
-       fread(&ret[0], len, 1, fp);
-       fclose(fp);
-       return ret;
-}
-
-}  // namespace
-
 struct VectorDestinationManager {
        jpeg_destination_mgr pub;
        std::vector<uint8_t> dest;
@@ -98,7 +78,7 @@ struct VectorDestinationManager {
 };
 static_assert(std::is_standard_layout<VectorDestinationManager>::value, "");
 
-vector<uint8_t> encode_jpeg(const uint8_t *pixel_data, unsigned width, unsigned height)
+vector<uint8_t> encode_jpeg(const uint8_t *y_data, const uint8_t *cb_data, const uint8_t *cr_data, unsigned width, unsigned height)
 {
        VectorDestinationManager dest;
 
@@ -127,31 +107,13 @@ vector<uint8_t> encode_jpeg(const uint8_t *pixel_data, unsigned width, unsigned
        cinfo.CCIR601_sampling = true;  // Seems to be mostly ignored by libjpeg, though.
        jpeg_start_compress(&cinfo, true);
 
-       // TODO: Subsample and deinterleave on the GPU.
-
-       unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> ydata(new uint8_t[width * 8]);
-       unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> cbdata(new uint8_t[(width/2) * 8]);
-       unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> crdata(new uint8_t[(width/2) * 8]);
        JSAMPROW yptr[8], cbptr[8], crptr[8];
        JSAMPARRAY data[3] = { yptr, cbptr, crptr };
-       for (unsigned yy = 0; yy < 8; ++yy) {
-               yptr[yy] = ydata.get() + yy * width;
-               cbptr[yy] = cbdata.get() + yy * (width / 2);
-               crptr[yy] = crdata.get() + yy * (width / 2);
-       }
        for (unsigned y = 0; y < height; y += 8) {
-               uint8_t *yptr = ydata.get();
-               uint8_t *cbptr = cbdata.get();
-               uint8_t *crptr = crdata.get();
                for (unsigned yy = 0; yy < 8; ++yy) {
-                       const uint8_t *sptr = &pixel_data[(height - y - yy - 1) * width * 4];
-                       for (unsigned x = 0; x < width; x += 2) {
-                               *yptr++ = sptr[0];
-                               *yptr++ = sptr[4];
-                               *cbptr++ = (sptr[1] + sptr[5]) / 2;
-                               *crptr++ = (sptr[2] + sptr[6]) / 2;
-                               sptr += 8;
-                       }
+                       yptr[yy] = const_cast<JSAMPROW>(&y_data[(y + yy) * width]);
+                       cbptr[yy] = const_cast<JSAMPROW>(&cb_data[(y + yy) * width / 2]);
+                       crptr[yy] = const_cast<JSAMPROW>(&cr_data[(y + yy) * width / 2]);
                }
 
                jpeg_write_raw_data(&cinfo, data, /*num_lines=*/8);
@@ -165,48 +127,21 @@ vector<uint8_t> encode_jpeg(const uint8_t *pixel_data, unsigned width, unsigned
 
 VideoStream::VideoStream()
 {
-       using namespace movit;
-       // TODO: deduplicate code against JPEGFrameView?
-       ycbcr_convert_chain.reset(new EffectChain(1280, 720));
-       ImageFormat image_format;
-       image_format.color_space = COLORSPACE_sRGB;
-       image_format.gamma_curve = GAMMA_sRGB;
-       ycbcr_format.luma_coefficients = YCBCR_REC_709;
-       ycbcr_format.full_range = true;  // JPEG.
-       ycbcr_format.num_levels = 256;
-       ycbcr_format.chroma_subsampling_x = 2;
-       ycbcr_format.chroma_subsampling_y = 1;
-       ycbcr_format.cb_x_position = 0.0f;  // H.264 -- _not_ JPEG, even though our input is MJPEG-encoded
-       ycbcr_format.cb_y_position = 0.5f;  // Irrelevant.
-       ycbcr_format.cr_x_position = 0.0f;
-       ycbcr_format.cr_y_position = 0.5f;
-       ycbcr_input = (movit::YCbCrInput *)ycbcr_convert_chain->add_input(new YCbCrInput(image_format, ycbcr_format, 1280, 720));
-
-       YCbCrFormat ycbcr_output_format = ycbcr_format;
-       ycbcr_output_format.chroma_subsampling_x = 1;
-
-       ImageFormat inout_format;
-       inout_format.color_space = COLORSPACE_sRGB;
-       inout_format.gamma_curve = GAMMA_sRGB;
-
-       check_error();
-
-       // One full Y'CbCr texture (for interpolation), one that's just Y (throwing away the
-       // Cb and Cr channels). The second copy is sort of redundant, but it's the easiest way
-       // of getting the gray data into a layered texture.
-       ycbcr_convert_chain->add_ycbcr_output(inout_format, OUTPUT_ALPHA_FORMAT_POSTMULTIPLIED, ycbcr_output_format);
-       check_error();
-       ycbcr_convert_chain->add_ycbcr_output(inout_format, OUTPUT_ALPHA_FORMAT_POSTMULTIPLIED, ycbcr_output_format);
-       check_error();
-       ycbcr_convert_chain->set_dither_bits(8);
-       check_error();
-       ycbcr_convert_chain->finalize();
-       check_error();
+       ycbcr_converter.reset(new YCbCrConverter(YCbCrConverter::OUTPUT_TO_DUAL_YCBCR, /*resource_pool=*/nullptr));
+       ycbcr_semiplanar_converter.reset(new YCbCrConverter(YCbCrConverter::OUTPUT_TO_SEMIPLANAR, /*resource_pool=*/nullptr));
 
        GLuint input_tex[num_interpolate_slots], gray_tex[num_interpolate_slots];
-       glCreateTextures(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 10, input_tex);
-       glCreateTextures(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 10, gray_tex);
+       GLuint fade_y_output_tex[num_interpolate_slots], fade_cbcr_output_tex[num_interpolate_slots];
+       GLuint cb_tex[num_interpolate_slots], cr_tex[num_interpolate_slots];
+
+       glCreateTextures(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, num_interpolate_slots, input_tex);
+       glCreateTextures(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, num_interpolate_slots, gray_tex);
+       glCreateTextures(GL_TEXTURE_2D, num_interpolate_slots, fade_y_output_tex);
+       glCreateTextures(GL_TEXTURE_2D, num_interpolate_slots, fade_cbcr_output_tex);
+       glCreateTextures(GL_TEXTURE_2D, num_interpolate_slots, cb_tex);
+       glCreateTextures(GL_TEXTURE_2D, num_interpolate_slots, cr_tex);
        check_error();
+
        constexpr size_t width = 1280, height = 720;  // FIXME: adjustable width, height
        int levels = find_num_levels(width, height);
        for (size_t i = 0; i < num_interpolate_slots; ++i) {
@@ -214,41 +149,84 @@ VideoStream::VideoStream()
                check_error();
                glTextureStorage3D(gray_tex[i], levels, GL_R8, width, height, 2);
                check_error();
+               glTextureStorage2D(fade_y_output_tex[i], 1, GL_R8, width, height);
+               check_error();
+               glTextureStorage2D(fade_cbcr_output_tex[i], 1, GL_RG8, width, height);
+               check_error();
+               glTextureStorage2D(cb_tex[i], 1, GL_R8, width / 2, height);
+               check_error();
+               glTextureStorage2D(cr_tex[i], 1, GL_R8, width / 2, height);
+               check_error();
 
-               InterpolatedFrameResources resource;
-               resource.input_tex = input_tex[i];
-               resource.gray_tex = gray_tex[i];
-               glCreateFramebuffers(2, resource.input_fbos);
+               unique_ptr<InterpolatedFrameResources> resource(new InterpolatedFrameResources);
+               resource->owner = this;
+               resource->input_tex = input_tex[i];
+               resource->gray_tex = gray_tex[i];
+               resource->fade_y_output_tex = fade_y_output_tex[i];
+               resource->fade_cbcr_output_tex = fade_cbcr_output_tex[i];
+               resource->cb_tex = cb_tex[i];
+               resource->cr_tex = cr_tex[i];
+               glCreateFramebuffers(2, resource->input_fbos);
+               check_error();
+               glCreateFramebuffers(1, &resource->fade_fbo);
                check_error();
 
-               glNamedFramebufferTextureLayer(resource.input_fbos[0], GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, input_tex[i], 0, 0);
+               glNamedFramebufferTextureLayer(resource->input_fbos[0], GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, input_tex[i], 0, 0);
+               check_error();
+               glNamedFramebufferTextureLayer(resource->input_fbos[0], GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT1, gray_tex[i], 0, 0);
                check_error();
-               glNamedFramebufferTextureLayer(resource.input_fbos[0], GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT1, gray_tex[i], 0, 0);
+               glNamedFramebufferTextureLayer(resource->input_fbos[1], GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, input_tex[i], 0, 1);
                check_error();
-               glNamedFramebufferTextureLayer(resource.input_fbos[1], GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, input_tex[i], 0, 1);
+               glNamedFramebufferTextureLayer(resource->input_fbos[1], GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT1, gray_tex[i], 0, 1);
                check_error();
-               glNamedFramebufferTextureLayer(resource.input_fbos[1], GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT1, gray_tex[i], 0, 1);
+               glNamedFramebufferTexture(resource->fade_fbo, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, fade_y_output_tex[i], 0);
+               check_error();
+               glNamedFramebufferTexture(resource->fade_fbo, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT1, fade_cbcr_output_tex[i], 0);
                check_error();
 
                GLuint bufs[] = { GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT1 };
-               glNamedFramebufferDrawBuffers(resource.input_fbos[0], 2, bufs);
+               glNamedFramebufferDrawBuffers(resource->input_fbos[0], 2, bufs);
+               check_error();
+               glNamedFramebufferDrawBuffers(resource->input_fbos[1], 2, bufs);
                check_error();
-               glNamedFramebufferDrawBuffers(resource.input_fbos[1], 2, bufs);
+               glNamedFramebufferDrawBuffers(resource->fade_fbo, 2, bufs);
                check_error();
 
-               glCreateBuffers(1, &resource.pbo);
+               glCreateBuffers(1, &resource->pbo);
                check_error();
-               glNamedBufferStorage(resource.pbo, width * height * 4, nullptr, GL_MAP_READ_BIT | GL_MAP_PERSISTENT_BIT);
+               glNamedBufferStorage(resource->pbo, width * height * 4, nullptr, GL_MAP_READ_BIT | GL_MAP_PERSISTENT_BIT);
                check_error();
-               resource.pbo_contents = glMapNamedBufferRange(resource.pbo, 0, width * height * 4, GL_MAP_READ_BIT | GL_MAP_PERSISTENT_BIT); 
-               interpolate_resources.push_back(resource);
+               resource->pbo_contents = glMapNamedBufferRange(resource->pbo, 0, width * height * 4, GL_MAP_READ_BIT | GL_MAP_PERSISTENT_BIT);
+               interpolate_resources.push_back(move(resource));
        }
 
        check_error();
 
-       compute_flow.reset(new DISComputeFlow(width, height, operating_point3));
-       interpolate.reset(new Interpolate(width, height, operating_point3));
+       OperatingPoint op;
+       if (global_flags.interpolation_quality == 1) {
+               op = operating_point1;
+       } else if (global_flags.interpolation_quality == 2) {
+               op = operating_point2;
+       } else if (global_flags.interpolation_quality == 3) {
+               op = operating_point3;
+       } else if (global_flags.interpolation_quality == 4) {
+               op = operating_point4;
+       } else {
+               assert(false);
+       }
+
+       compute_flow.reset(new DISComputeFlow(width, height, op));
+       interpolate.reset(new Interpolate(op, /*split_ycbcr_output=*/true));
+       interpolate_no_split.reset(new Interpolate(op, /*split_ycbcr_output=*/false));
+       chroma_subsampler.reset(new ChromaSubsampler);
        check_error();
+
+       // The “last frame” is initially black.
+       unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> y(new uint8_t[1280 * 720]);
+       unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> cb_or_cr(new uint8_t[640 * 720]);
+       memset(y.get(), 16, 1280 * 720);
+       memset(cb_or_cr.get(), 128, 640 * 720);
+       last_frame = encode_jpeg(y.get(), cb_or_cr.get(), cb_or_cr.get(), 1280, 720);
 }
 
 VideoStream::~VideoStream() {}
@@ -282,87 +260,214 @@ void VideoStream::stop()
        encode_thread.join();
 }
 
-void VideoStream::schedule_original_frame(int64_t output_pts, unsigned stream_idx, int64_t input_pts)
+void VideoStream::clear_queue()
 {
-       fprintf(stderr, "output_pts=%ld  original      input_pts=%ld\n", output_pts, input_pts);
+       deque<QueuedFrame> q;
+
+       {
+               unique_lock<mutex> lock(queue_lock);
+               q = move(frame_queue);
+       }
+
+       // These are not RAII-ed, unfortunately, so we'll need to clean them ourselves.
+       // Note that release_texture() is thread-safe.
+       for (const QueuedFrame &qf : q) {
+               if (qf.type == QueuedFrame::INTERPOLATED ||
+                   qf.type == QueuedFrame::FADED_INTERPOLATED) {
+                       compute_flow->release_texture(qf.flow_tex);
+               }
+               if (qf.type == QueuedFrame::INTERPOLATED) {
+                       interpolate->release_texture(qf.output_tex);
+                       interpolate->release_texture(qf.cbcr_tex);
+               }
+       }
+
+       // Destroy q outside the mutex, as that would be a double-lock.
+}
+
+void VideoStream::schedule_original_frame(steady_clock::time_point local_pts,
+                                          int64_t output_pts, function<void()> &&display_func,
+                                          QueueSpotHolder &&queue_spot_holder,
+                                          FrameOnDisk frame)
+{
+       fprintf(stderr, "output_pts=%ld  original      input_pts=%ld\n", output_pts, frame.pts);
+
+       // Preload the file from disk, so that the encoder thread does not get stalled.
+       // TODO: Consider sending it through the queue instead.
+       (void)frame_reader.read_frame(frame);
 
        QueuedFrame qf;
+       qf.local_pts = local_pts;
        qf.type = QueuedFrame::ORIGINAL;
        qf.output_pts = output_pts;
-       qf.stream_idx = stream_idx;
-       qf.input_first_pts = input_pts; 
+       qf.frame1 = frame;
+       qf.display_func = move(display_func);
+       qf.queue_spot_holder = move(queue_spot_holder);
 
        unique_lock<mutex> lock(queue_lock);
-       frame_queue.push_back(qf);
-       queue_nonempty.notify_all();
+       frame_queue.push_back(move(qf));
+       queue_changed.notify_all();
 }
 
-void VideoStream::schedule_interpolated_frame(int64_t output_pts, unsigned stream_idx, int64_t input_first_pts, int64_t input_second_pts, float alpha)
+void VideoStream::schedule_faded_frame(steady_clock::time_point local_pts, int64_t output_pts,
+                                       function<void()> &&display_func,
+                                       QueueSpotHolder &&queue_spot_holder,
+                                       FrameOnDisk frame1_spec, FrameOnDisk frame2_spec,
+                                       float fade_alpha)
 {
-       fprintf(stderr, "output_pts=%ld  interpolated  input_pts1=%ld input_pts2=%ld alpha=%.3f\n", output_pts, input_first_pts, input_second_pts, alpha);
+       fprintf(stderr, "output_pts=%ld  faded         input_pts=%ld,%ld  fade_alpha=%.2f\n", output_pts, frame1_spec.pts, frame2_spec.pts, fade_alpha);
+
+       // Get the temporary OpenGL resources we need for doing the fade.
+       // (We share these with interpolated frames, which is slightly
+       // overkill, but there's no need to waste resources on keeping
+       // separate pools around.)
+       BorrowedInterpolatedFrameResources resources;
+       {
+               unique_lock<mutex> lock(queue_lock);
+               if (interpolate_resources.empty()) {
+                       fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: Too many interpolated frames already in transit; dropping one.\n");
+                       return;
+               }
+               resources = BorrowedInterpolatedFrameResources(interpolate_resources.front().release());
+               interpolate_resources.pop_front();
+       }
+
+       bool did_decode;
+
+       shared_ptr<Frame> frame1 = decode_jpeg_with_cache(frame1_spec, DECODE_IF_NOT_IN_CACHE, &frame_reader, &did_decode);
+       shared_ptr<Frame> frame2 = decode_jpeg_with_cache(frame2_spec, DECODE_IF_NOT_IN_CACHE, &frame_reader, &did_decode);
+
+       ycbcr_semiplanar_converter->prepare_chain_for_fade(frame1, frame2, fade_alpha)->render_to_fbo(resources->fade_fbo, 1280, 720);
+
+       QueuedFrame qf;
+       qf.local_pts = local_pts;
+       qf.type = QueuedFrame::FADED;
+       qf.output_pts = output_pts;
+       qf.frame1 = frame1_spec;
+       qf.display_func = move(display_func);
+       qf.queue_spot_holder = move(queue_spot_holder);
+
+       qf.secondary_frame = frame2_spec;
+
+       // Subsample and split Cb/Cr.
+       chroma_subsampler->subsample_chroma(resources->fade_cbcr_output_tex, 1280, 720, resources->cb_tex, resources->cr_tex);
+
+       // Read it down (asynchronously) to the CPU.
+       glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0);
+       glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, resources->pbo);
+       check_error();
+       glGetTextureImage(resources->fade_y_output_tex, 0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 1280 * 720 * 4, BUFFER_OFFSET(0));
+       check_error();
+       glGetTextureImage(resources->cb_tex, 0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 1280 * 720 * 3, BUFFER_OFFSET(1280 * 720));
+       check_error();
+       glGetTextureImage(resources->cr_tex, 0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 1280 * 720 * 3 - 640 * 720, BUFFER_OFFSET(1280 * 720 + 640 * 720));
+       check_error();
+       glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, 0);
+
+       // Set a fence we can wait for to make sure the CPU sees the read.
+       glMemoryBarrier(GL_CLIENT_MAPPED_BUFFER_BARRIER_BIT);
+       check_error();
+       qf.fence = RefCountedGLsync(GL_SYNC_GPU_COMMANDS_COMPLETE, /*flags=*/0);
+       check_error();
+       qf.resources = move(resources);
+       qf.local_pts = local_pts;
+
+       unique_lock<mutex> lock(queue_lock);
+       frame_queue.push_back(move(qf));
+       queue_changed.notify_all();
+}
+
+void VideoStream::schedule_interpolated_frame(steady_clock::time_point local_pts,
+                                              int64_t output_pts, function<void(shared_ptr<Frame>)> &&display_func,
+                                              QueueSpotHolder &&queue_spot_holder,
+                                              FrameOnDisk frame1, FrameOnDisk frame2,
+                                              float alpha, FrameOnDisk secondary_frame, float fade_alpha)
+{
+       if (secondary_frame.pts != -1) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "output_pts=%ld  interpolated  input_pts1=%ld input_pts2=%ld alpha=%.3f  secondary_pts=%ld  fade_alpha=%.2f\n", output_pts, frame1.pts, frame2.pts, alpha, secondary_frame.pts, fade_alpha);
+       } else {
+               fprintf(stderr, "output_pts=%ld  interpolated  input_pts1=%ld input_pts2=%ld alpha=%.3f\n", output_pts, frame1.pts, frame2.pts, alpha);
+       }
 
        // Get the temporary OpenGL resources we need for doing the interpolation.
-       InterpolatedFrameResources resources;
+       BorrowedInterpolatedFrameResources resources;
        {
                unique_lock<mutex> lock(queue_lock);
                if (interpolate_resources.empty()) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: Too many interpolated frames already in transit; dropping one.\n");
                        return;
                }
-               resources = interpolate_resources.front();
+               resources = BorrowedInterpolatedFrameResources(interpolate_resources.front().release());
                interpolate_resources.pop_front();
        }
 
        QueuedFrame qf;
-       qf.type = QueuedFrame::INTERPOLATED;
+       qf.type = (secondary_frame.pts == -1) ? QueuedFrame::INTERPOLATED : QueuedFrame::FADED_INTERPOLATED;
        qf.output_pts = output_pts;
-       qf.stream_idx = stream_idx;
-       qf.resources = resources;
+       qf.display_decoded_func = move(display_func);
+       qf.queue_spot_holder = move(queue_spot_holder);
+       qf.local_pts = local_pts;
 
        check_error();
 
        // Convert frame0 and frame1 to OpenGL textures.
-       // TODO: Deduplicate against JPEGFrameView::setDecodedFrame?
        for (size_t frame_no = 0; frame_no < 2; ++frame_no) {
-               JPEGID jpeg_id;
-               jpeg_id.stream_idx = stream_idx;
-               jpeg_id.pts = frame_no == 1 ? input_second_pts : input_first_pts;
+               FrameOnDisk frame_spec = frame_no == 1 ? frame2 : frame1;
                bool did_decode;
-               shared_ptr<Frame> frame = decode_jpeg_with_cache(jpeg_id, DECODE_IF_NOT_IN_CACHE, &did_decode);
-               ycbcr_format.chroma_subsampling_x = frame->chroma_subsampling_x;
-               ycbcr_format.chroma_subsampling_y = frame->chroma_subsampling_y;
-               ycbcr_input->change_ycbcr_format(ycbcr_format);
-               ycbcr_input->set_width(frame->width);
-               ycbcr_input->set_height(frame->height);
-               ycbcr_input->set_pixel_data(0, frame->y.get());
-               ycbcr_input->set_pixel_data(1, frame->cb.get());
-               ycbcr_input->set_pixel_data(2, frame->cr.get());
-               ycbcr_input->set_pitch(0, frame->pitch_y);
-               ycbcr_input->set_pitch(1, frame->pitch_chroma);
-               ycbcr_input->set_pitch(2, frame->pitch_chroma);
-               ycbcr_convert_chain->render_to_fbo(resources.input_fbos[frame_no], 1280, 720);
+               shared_ptr<Frame> frame = decode_jpeg_with_cache(frame_spec, DECODE_IF_NOT_IN_CACHE, &frame_reader, &did_decode);
+               ycbcr_converter->prepare_chain_for_conversion(frame)->render_to_fbo(resources->input_fbos[frame_no], 1280, 720);
        }
 
-       glGenerateTextureMipmap(resources.input_tex);
+       glGenerateTextureMipmap(resources->input_tex);
        check_error();
-       glGenerateTextureMipmap(resources.gray_tex);
+       glGenerateTextureMipmap(resources->gray_tex);
        check_error();
 
        // Compute the interpolated frame.
-       qf.flow_tex = compute_flow->exec(resources.gray_tex, DISComputeFlow::FORWARD_AND_BACKWARD, DISComputeFlow::DO_NOT_RESIZE_FLOW);
-       check_error();
-       qf.output_tex = interpolate->exec(resources.input_tex, resources.gray_tex, qf.flow_tex, 1280, 720, alpha);
+       qf.flow_tex = compute_flow->exec(resources->gray_tex, DISComputeFlow::FORWARD_AND_BACKWARD, DISComputeFlow::DO_NOT_RESIZE_FLOW);
        check_error();
 
+       if (secondary_frame.pts != -1) {
+               // Fade. First kick off the interpolation.
+               tie(qf.output_tex, ignore) = interpolate_no_split->exec(resources->input_tex, resources->gray_tex, qf.flow_tex, 1280, 720, alpha);
+               check_error();
+
+               // Now decode the image we are fading against.
+               bool did_decode;
+               shared_ptr<Frame> frame2 = decode_jpeg_with_cache(secondary_frame, DECODE_IF_NOT_IN_CACHE, &frame_reader, &did_decode);
+
+               // Then fade against it, putting it into the fade Y' and CbCr textures.
+               ycbcr_semiplanar_converter->prepare_chain_for_fade_from_texture(qf.output_tex, frame2, fade_alpha)->render_to_fbo(resources->fade_fbo, 1280, 720);
+
+               // Subsample and split Cb/Cr.
+               chroma_subsampler->subsample_chroma(resources->fade_cbcr_output_tex, 1280, 720, resources->cb_tex, resources->cr_tex);
+
+               interpolate_no_split->release_texture(qf.output_tex);
+       } else {
+               tie(qf.output_tex, qf.cbcr_tex) = interpolate->exec(resources->input_tex, resources->gray_tex, qf.flow_tex, 1280, 720, alpha);
+               check_error();
+
+               // Subsample and split Cb/Cr.
+               chroma_subsampler->subsample_chroma(qf.cbcr_tex, 1280, 720, resources->cb_tex, resources->cr_tex);
+       }
+
        // We could have released qf.flow_tex here, but to make sure we don't cause a stall
        // when trying to reuse it for the next frame, we can just as well hold on to it
        // and release it only when the readback is done.
 
        // Read it down (asynchronously) to the CPU.
        glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0);
-       glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, resources.pbo);
+       glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, resources->pbo);
        check_error();
-       glGetTextureImage(qf.output_tex, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 1280 * 720 * 4, nullptr);
+       if (secondary_frame.pts != -1) {
+               glGetTextureImage(resources->fade_y_output_tex, 0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 1280 * 720 * 4, BUFFER_OFFSET(0));
+       } else {
+               glGetTextureImage(qf.output_tex, 0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 1280 * 720 * 4, BUFFER_OFFSET(0));
+       }
+       check_error();
+       glGetTextureImage(resources->cb_tex, 0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 1280 * 720 * 3, BUFFER_OFFSET(1280 * 720));
+       check_error();
+       glGetTextureImage(resources->cr_tex, 0, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 1280 * 720 * 3 - 640 * 720, BUFFER_OFFSET(1280 * 720 + 640 * 720));
        check_error();
        glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, 0);
 
@@ -371,12 +476,59 @@ void VideoStream::schedule_interpolated_frame(int64_t output_pts, unsigned strea
        check_error();
        qf.fence = RefCountedGLsync(GL_SYNC_GPU_COMMANDS_COMPLETE, /*flags=*/0);
        check_error();
+       qf.resources = move(resources);
+
+       unique_lock<mutex> lock(queue_lock);
+       frame_queue.push_back(move(qf));
+       queue_changed.notify_all();
+}
+
+void VideoStream::schedule_refresh_frame(steady_clock::time_point local_pts,
+                                         int64_t output_pts, function<void()> &&display_func,
+                                         QueueSpotHolder &&queue_spot_holder)
+{
+       QueuedFrame qf;
+       qf.type = QueuedFrame::REFRESH;
+       qf.output_pts = output_pts;
+       qf.display_func = move(display_func);
+       qf.queue_spot_holder = move(queue_spot_holder);
 
        unique_lock<mutex> lock(queue_lock);
-       frame_queue.push_back(qf);
-       queue_nonempty.notify_all();
+       frame_queue.push_back(move(qf));
+       queue_changed.notify_all();
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+shared_ptr<Frame> frame_from_pbo(void *contents, size_t width, size_t height)
+{
+       size_t chroma_width = width / 2;
+
+       const uint8_t *y = (const uint8_t *)contents;
+       const uint8_t *cb = (const uint8_t *)contents + width * height;
+       const uint8_t *cr = (const uint8_t *)contents + width * height + chroma_width * height;
+
+       shared_ptr<Frame> frame(new Frame);
+       frame->y.reset(new uint8_t[width * height]);
+       frame->cb.reset(new uint8_t[chroma_width * height]);
+       frame->cr.reset(new uint8_t[chroma_width * height]);
+       for (unsigned yy = 0; yy < height; ++yy) {
+               memcpy(frame->y.get() + width * yy, y + width * yy, width);
+               memcpy(frame->cb.get() + chroma_width * yy, cb + chroma_width * yy, chroma_width);
+               memcpy(frame->cr.get() + chroma_width * yy, cr + chroma_width * yy, chroma_width);
+       }
+       frame->is_semiplanar = false;
+       frame->width = width;
+       frame->height = height;
+       frame->chroma_subsampling_x = 2;
+       frame->chroma_subsampling_y = 1;
+       frame->pitch_y = width;
+       frame->pitch_chroma = chroma_width;
+       return frame;
 }
 
+}  // namespace
+
 void VideoStream::encode_thread_func()
 {
        pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), "VideoStream");
@@ -392,28 +544,44 @@ void VideoStream::encode_thread_func()
                QueuedFrame qf;
                {
                        unique_lock<mutex> lock(queue_lock);
-                       queue_nonempty.wait(lock, [this]{
+
+                       // Wait until we have a frame to play.
+                       queue_changed.wait(lock, [this]{
                                return !frame_queue.empty();
                        });
-                       qf = frame_queue.front();
+                       steady_clock::time_point frame_start = frame_queue.front().local_pts;
+
+                       // Now sleep until the frame is supposed to start (the usual case),
+                       // _or_ clear_queue() happened.
+                       bool aborted = queue_changed.wait_until(lock, frame_start, [this, frame_start]{
+                               return frame_queue.empty() || frame_queue.front().local_pts != frame_start;
+                       });
+                       if (aborted) {
+                               // clear_queue() happened, so don't play this frame after all.
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       qf = move(frame_queue.front());
                        frame_queue.pop_front();
                }
 
                if (qf.type == QueuedFrame::ORIGINAL) {
                        // Send the JPEG frame on, unchanged.
-                       string jpeg = read_file(filename_for_frame(qf.stream_idx, qf.input_first_pts));
+                       string jpeg = frame_reader.read_frame(qf.frame1);
                        AVPacket pkt;
                        av_init_packet(&pkt);
                        pkt.stream_index = 0;
                        pkt.data = (uint8_t *)jpeg.data();
                        pkt.size = jpeg.size();
                        stream_mux->add_packet(pkt, qf.output_pts, qf.output_pts);
-               } else if (qf.type == QueuedFrame::INTERPOLATED) {
+
+                       last_frame.assign(&jpeg[0], &jpeg[0] + jpeg.size());
+               } else if (qf.type == QueuedFrame::FADED) {
                        glClientWaitSync(qf.fence.get(), /*flags=*/0, GL_TIMEOUT_IGNORED);
 
-                       vector<uint8_t> jpeg = encode_jpeg((const uint8_t *)qf.resources.pbo_contents, 1280, 720);
-                       compute_flow->release_texture(qf.flow_tex);
-                       interpolate->release_texture(qf.output_tex);
+                       shared_ptr<Frame> frame = frame_from_pbo(qf.resources->pbo_contents, 1280, 720);
+
+                       // Now JPEG encode it, and send it on to the stream.
+                       vector<uint8_t> jpeg = encode_jpeg(frame->y.get(), frame->cb.get(), frame->cr.get(), 1280, 720);
 
                        AVPacket pkt;
                        av_init_packet(&pkt);
@@ -421,10 +589,43 @@ void VideoStream::encode_thread_func()
                        pkt.data = (uint8_t *)jpeg.data();
                        pkt.size = jpeg.size();
                        stream_mux->add_packet(pkt, qf.output_pts, qf.output_pts);
+                       last_frame = move(jpeg);
+               } else if (qf.type == QueuedFrame::INTERPOLATED || qf.type == QueuedFrame::FADED_INTERPOLATED) {
+                       glClientWaitSync(qf.fence.get(), /*flags=*/0, GL_TIMEOUT_IGNORED);
 
-                       // Put the frame resources back.
-                       unique_lock<mutex> lock(queue_lock);
-                       interpolate_resources.push_back(qf.resources);
+                       // Send it on to display.
+                       shared_ptr<Frame> frame = frame_from_pbo(qf.resources->pbo_contents, 1280, 720);
+                       if (qf.display_decoded_func != nullptr) {
+                               qf.display_decoded_func(frame);
+                       }
+
+                       // Now JPEG encode it, and send it on to the stream.
+                       vector<uint8_t> jpeg = encode_jpeg(frame->y.get(), frame->cb.get(), frame->cr.get(), 1280, 720);
+                       compute_flow->release_texture(qf.flow_tex);
+                       if (qf.type != QueuedFrame::FADED_INTERPOLATED) {
+                               interpolate->release_texture(qf.output_tex);
+                               interpolate->release_texture(qf.cbcr_tex);
+                       }
+
+                       AVPacket pkt;
+                       av_init_packet(&pkt);
+                       pkt.stream_index = 0;
+                       pkt.data = (uint8_t *)jpeg.data();
+                       pkt.size = jpeg.size();
+                       stream_mux->add_packet(pkt, qf.output_pts, qf.output_pts);
+                       last_frame = move(jpeg);
+               } else if (qf.type == QueuedFrame::REFRESH) {
+                       AVPacket pkt;
+                       av_init_packet(&pkt);
+                       pkt.stream_index = 0;
+                       pkt.data = (uint8_t *)last_frame.data();
+                       pkt.size = last_frame.size();
+                       stream_mux->add_packet(pkt, qf.output_pts, qf.output_pts);
+               } else {
+                       assert(false);
+               }
+               if (qf.display_func != nullptr) {
+                       qf.display_func();
                }
        }
 }
@@ -453,4 +654,3 @@ int VideoStream::write_packet2(uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, AVIODataMarkerType ty
        }
        return buf_size;
 }
-