Parallelize Link Time Optimization for GCC, CLANG and MINGW

Parallelize Link Time Optimization for GCC, CLANG and MINGW

This patch tries to run multiple LTO threads in parallel, speeding up
the build process of optimized builds if the -j make parameter is used.
This mitigates the longer linking times of optimized builds since the
integration of the NNUE code. Roughly 2x build speedup.

I've tried a similar patch some two years ago but it ran into trouble
with old compiler versions then. Since we're on the C++17 standard now
these old compilers should be obsolete.

closes https://github.com/official-stockfish/Stockfish/pull/2943

No functional change.