4 # Backup up Unix-like computers
8 # This script was first checked into RCS in 2000, and has since backed up a few
9 # servers almost every day, whenever not broken.
11 # It's a bit peculiar, but quite effective. The following is worth keeping in
14 # Because of the way we run this script from cron, informational logging goes
15 # to stderr and warnings and errors to stdout. This way, we get mail whenever
16 # stuff fails, and other output is redirected to the log file.
18 # The script is halfway Norwegian and halfway English. Newer modifications are
19 # in English, we should probably stick to that.
21 # The computer to backup.
25 LOCKFILE=/home/backup/backuprun.lockfile.$computer
26 confdir=/home/backup/conf/ # Configuration files
27 storagedir=/backup # Where we keep backups
28 maxnumfull=3 # Number of full backups
29 daysbetweenfull=30 # Days between full backups
30 daysbetweenfullforfixed=32 # Days between full backups for machines with fixed
31 # full-backup date (in case the fixed day gets missed)
32 DAY_OF_MONTH=`date "+%d" | sed s/^0//` # from 1 to 31
33 DATE=`date "+%Y%m%d%H%M"` #format: touch
34 DATEs=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` #format: tar
37 exclude=$confdir/exclude
38 [ ! -f $exclude ] && printf "tmp\ncore\n" > $exclude
40 if [ -z "$computer" ]; then
41 echo "Usage: $0 COMPUTER"
45 # Die more or less gracefully (at least notify user)
47 echo `date`": Something nasty happened."
52 echo `date`": $computer: $@"
57 trap die SIGINT SIGTERM
59 # Don't start if we're already running
60 if [ -e $LOCKFILE ]; then
61 echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`, exiting."
62 echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`, exiting." >&2
68 echo `date`": Backup run starting" >&2
76 printf " $computer: $computer:$filesystem $backuplevel backup\n" >&2
78 SNARFILE="${storagedir}/${computer}/${sfilesystem}/.incremental.snar"
79 incrementalsnar="/root/.backup/${sfilesystem}.snar"
80 if [ "$backuplevel" = "daglig" ]; then
81 # If incremental backup, we need to copy the incremental status to $computer.
82 # If it does not exist, whine a bit and then run date-based instead.
83 if [ -s "$SNARFILE" ]; then
84 if ! scp $SNARFILE root@$computer:$incrementalsnar; then
85 diemsg "Could not copy .incremental.snar to $computer"
87 lastcmd="--listed-incremental=$incrementalsnar --no-check-device"
89 echo `date`" $computer: Missing incremental.snar for $filesystem, doing date-based backup instead until next full backup" >&2
92 lastcmd="--newer='$lastd'"
95 lastcmd="--listed-incremental=$incrementalsnar"
98 # We try to run tar on the remote computer
100 # C change to directory first
101 # . where to start taring (see C)
102 # $lastcmd only files newer than this
103 # --one-file-system don't traverse file systems
104 # --use-compress-program compress it using gzip or pigz
105 # --exclude-from file to get exclusion pattern from
106 # Pipe the stuff over ssh to ourselves, run pee to cat the contents to a
107 # file and build a file list, respectivly.
109 TARCMD="ssh root@$computer \"nice -n 19 ionice -c3 tar --one-file-system --use-compress-program $compressor -cf - -C $filesystem . $lastcmd \
110 --exclude-from=/root/.backup/exclude\" | pee \"cat > $TARFILE\" \"tar tzvf -\""
111 echo `date`" $computer: Running $TARCMD" >&2
112 eval $TARCMD > $DATE.idx
114 if [ $? -eq 0 ] && [ -s $TARFILE ]; then
115 # File is >0 in size and neither cat or tar tzvf failed; we assume it worked.
117 if [ "$incrementalsnar" ]; then
118 if ! scp root@$computer:$incrementalsnar $SNARFILE.tmp; then
119 diemsg "Could not copy .incremental.snar from $computer"
123 # Move tar file in place
124 mv $TARFILE $DATE.tgz
125 if [ "$incrementalsnar" ]; then
126 mv $SNARFILE.tmp $SNARFILE
130 echo $DATEs > ../.date && touch -t $DATE ../.date
132 # Make a sorted file list as well
133 sort -k6 < $DATE.idx > $DATE.sdx
136 chmod 600 *tgz #only for us
137 chmod 644 *sdx *idx 2>/dev/null #everyone can read
139 # Let the remote computer know that we ran a successful backup (for nagios)
140 ssh root@$computer touch $filesystem/.lastbackup
142 # Something wrong happened.
144 diemsg "tar failed or $TARFILE empty. $backuplevel backup of $computer:$filesystem failed and deleted"
148 # Check that the target filesystem is mounted (actually check that it's not
149 # the root filesystem)
150 if [ ! -d "$storagedir/$computer" ]; then
151 diemsg "Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) does not exist. Aborting"
153 rootfilesystem=`df -P /`
154 targetfilesystem=`df -P "$storagedir/$computer"`
155 if [ "$rootfilesystem" == "$targetfilesystem" ]; then
156 diemsg "Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) was mounted on /. Aborting"
159 echo `date`" $computer: Backing up $computer" >&2
161 # Try to SSH to the computer without entering a password.
162 if ! ssh -n -o NumberOfPasswordPrompts=0 root@$computer /bin/true; then
163 diemsg "Could not use passwordless SSH."
166 # Check if pigz is available
167 if ssh -n root@$computer "pigz -V 2>/dev/null"; then
170 echo `date`" $computer: pigz missing; falling back to gzip."
174 # Check dump bit in fstab
175 filesystems=`ssh -n root@$computer "cat /etc/fstab" \
179 | awk '{ if ( $(NF-1) != "0" ) print $2}' `
181 # Clean up our dir at this client
182 if ! ssh root@$computer "rm -r /root/.backup ; mkdir -m 700 /root/.backup"; then
183 diemsg "Could not create backup staging area at $computer:/root/.backup"
186 # Try to copy $exclude to $computer
187 if ! scp $exclude root@$computer:/root/.backup/exclude > /dev/null; then
188 diemsg "Could not copy exclude.txt to $computer"
191 # Try to copy preeexec and postexec if they exist
192 if [ -f $confdir/preexec.$computer ]; then
193 if ! scp $confdir/preexec.$computer root@$computer:/root/.backup/preexec >&2; then
194 diemsg "Could not copy preexec.$computer to $computer:/root/.backup/preexec"
197 if [ -f $confdir/postexec.$computer ]; then
198 if ! scp $confdir/postexec.$computer root@$computer:/root/.backup/postexec >&2; then
199 diemsg "Could not copy postexec.$computer to $computer:/root/.backup/postexec"
203 # Try to run preexec if it exists
204 if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f /root/.backup/preexec ] || /bin/bash -x /root/.backup/preexec" >&2; then
205 diemsg "Could not run $computer:/root/.backup/preexec"
208 for filesystem in $filesystems; do
209 # Remove / and $ (for Windows) for path names
210 sfilesystem=`echo $filesystem | tr '\/\$' '__'`
212 # Prepare storage area
213 mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full 2>/dev/null
214 mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig 2>/dev/null
216 # Default backuplevel
219 if [ ! -s $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date ]; then
220 # Take the first full backup of this filesystem on this computer
224 # Check if we want a full backup
225 if [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem ]; then
226 fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfullforfixed
227 if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem`" ]; then
230 elif [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer ]; then
231 fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfullforfixed
232 if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer`" ]; then
236 fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfull
239 if [ -z "`find $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/ -name \*tgz -mtime -$fullbackup_min_for_this_machine`" ]; then
244 cd $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevel || diemsg "$storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevel does not exist"
246 # Perform the actual backup
249 # Check if this box has a custom number of full backups
250 if [ -f $confdir/maksfulle.$computer.$sfilesystem ]; then
251 mf=$((`cat $confdir/maksfulle.$computer`+1))
252 elif [ -f $confdir/maksfulle.$computer ] ; then
253 mf=$((`cat $confdir/maksfulle.$computer`+1))
255 mf=$(($maxnumfull+1))
258 # Delete old full backups
259 for full in `ls -1t $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -n +$mf`; do
260 prefix=`echo $full | sed "s/\.[^.]*$//"`
261 echo `date`": $computer:$filesystem Deleting full backup $prefix" >&2
265 # Delete incremental backups older than the oldest full backup
266 oldf=`ls -t1 $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -1`
268 $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig \
271 -printf "`date`: $computer: Deleting old incremental backup: %p\n" \
275 # Try to run postexec if it exist
276 if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f /root/.backup/postexec ] || /bin/bash -x /root/.backup/postexec" >&2; then
277 diemsg "Could not run $computer:/root/.backup/postexec"
280 echo `date`": $computer: Backup completed successfully."
281 echo `date`": $computer: Backup completed successfully." >&2