4 # Backup up Unix-like computers
8 # This script was first checked into RCS in 2000, and has since backed up a few
9 # servers almost every day, whenever not broken.
11 # It's a bit peculiar, but quite effective. The following is worth keeping in
14 # KISS. And by that I mean really simple. Only regular Unix commands, please
15 # (but GNU extensions are used and moreutils has to be installed).
17 # Because of the way we run this script from cron, informational logging goes
18 # to stderr and warnings and errors to stdout. This way, we get mail whenever
19 # stuff fails, and other output is redirected to the log file.
21 # The script is halfway Norwegian and halfway English. Newer modifications are
22 # in English, we should probably stick to that.
24 # The computer to backup.
28 LOCKFILE=/home/backup/backuprun.lockfile.$computer
29 confdir=/home/backup/conf/ # Configuration files
30 storagedir=/backup # Where we keep backups
31 maxnumfull=3 # Number of full backups
32 daysbetweenfull=30 # Days between full backups
33 daysbetweenfullforfixed=32 # Days between full backups for machines with fixed
34 # full-backup date (in case the fixed day gets missed)
35 DAY_OF_MONTH=`date "+%d" | sed s/^0//` # from 1 to 31
36 DATE=`date "+%Y%m%d%H%M"` #format: touch
37 DATEs=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` #format: tar
40 exclude=$confdir/exclude
41 [ ! -f $exclude ] && printf "tmp\ncore\n" > $exclude
43 if [ -z "$computer" ]; then
44 echo "Usage: $0 COMPUTER"
48 # Die more or less gracefully (at least notify user)
50 echo `date`": Something nasty happened."
56 trap die SIGINT SIGTERM
58 # Don't start if we're already running
59 if [ -e $LOCKFILE ]; then
60 echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`, exiting."
61 echo `date`": $LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`, exiting." >&2
67 echo `date`": Backup run starting" >&2
75 printf " $computer: $computer:$filesystem $backuplevel backup\n" >&2
77 SNARFILE="${storagedir}/${computer}/${sfilesystem}/.incremental.snar"
78 incrementalsnar="/root/.backup/${sfilesystem}.snar"
79 if [ "$backuplevel" = "daglig" ]
81 # If incremental backup, we need to copy the incremental status to $computer.
82 # If it does not exist, whine a bit and then run date-based instead.
83 if [ -s "$SNARFILE" ]; then
84 if ! scp $SNARFILE root@$computer:$incrementalsnar; then
85 echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy .incremental.snar to $computer"
88 lastcmd="--listed-incremental=$incrementalsnar --no-check-device"
90 echo `date`" $computer: Missing incremental.snar for $filesystem, doing date-based backup instead until next full backup" >&2
93 lastcmd="--newer='$lastd'"
96 lastcmd="--listed-incremental=$incrementalsnar"
99 # We try to run tar on the remote computer
101 # C change to directory first
102 # . where to start taring (see C)
103 # $lastcmd only files newer than this
104 # --one-file-system don't traverse file systems
105 # --use-compress-program compress it using gzip or pigz
106 # --exclude-from file to get exclusion pattern from
107 # Pipe the stuff over ssh to ourselves, run pee to cat the contents to a
108 # file and build a file list, respectivly.
110 TARCMD="ssh root@$computer \"nice -n 19 ionice -c3 tar --one-file-system --use-compress-program $compressor -cf - -C $filesystem . $lastcmd \
111 --exclude-from=/root/.backup/exclude\" | pee \"cat > $TARFILE\" \"tar tzvf -\""
112 echo `date`" $computer: Running $TARCMD" >&2
113 eval $TARCMD > $DATE.idx
115 if [ $? -eq 0 ] && [ -s $TARFILE ]; then
116 # File is >0 in size and neither cat or tar tzvf failed; we assume it worked.
118 if ! scp root@$computer:$incrementalsnar $SNARFILE.tmp; then
119 echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy .incremental.snar from $computer"
123 # Move tar file in place
124 mv $TARFILE $DATE.tgz
125 mv $SNARFILE.tmp $SNARFILE
128 echo $DATEs > ../.date && touch -t $DATE ../.date
130 # Make a sorted file list as well
131 sort -k6 < $DATE.idx > $DATE.sdx
134 chmod 600 *tgz #only for us
135 chmod 644 *sdx *idx 2>/dev/null #everyone can read
137 # Let the remote computer know that we ran a successful backup (for nagios)
138 ssh root@$computer touch $filesystem/.lastbackup
140 # Something wrong happened.
142 echo `date`" $computer: $TARFILE empty. $backuplevel backup of $computer:$filesystem failed and deleted"
147 # Check that the target filesystem is mounted (actually check that it's not
148 # the root filesystem)
149 if [ ! -d "$storagedir/$computer" ]; then
150 echo `date`" $computer: Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) does not exist. Aborting"
153 rootfilesystem=`df -P /`
154 targetfilesystem=`df -P "$storagedir/$computer"`
155 if [ "$rootfilesystem" == "$targetfilesystem" ]; then
156 echo `date`" $computer: Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) was mounted on /. Aborting"
160 echo `date`" $computer: Backing up $computer" >&2
162 # Try to SSH to the computer without entering a password.
163 if ! `ssh -n -o NumberOfPasswordPrompts=0 root@$computer /bin/true`; then
164 echo `date`" $computer: Could not use passwordless SSH."
168 # Check if pigz is available
169 if ssh -n root@$computer "pigz -V 2>/dev/null"; then
172 echo `date`" $computer: pigz missing; falling back to gzip."
176 # Check dump bit in fstab
177 filesystems=`ssh -n root@$computer "cat /etc/fstab" \
181 | awk '{ if ( $(NF-1) != "0" ) print $2}' `
183 # Clean up our dir at this client
184 if ! ssh root@$computer "rm -r /root/.backup ; mkdir -m 700 /root/.backup"; then
185 echo `date`" $computer: Could not create backup staging area at $computer:/root/.backup"
189 # Try to copy $exclude to $computer
190 if ! scp $exclude root@$computer:/root/.backup/exclude > /dev/null; then
191 echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy exclude.txt to $computer"
195 # Try to copy preeexec and postexec if they exist
196 if [ -f $confdir/preexec.$computer ]; then
197 if ! scp $confdir/preexec.$computer root@$computer:/root/.backup/preexec >&2; then
198 echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy preexec.$computer to $computer:/root/.backup/preexec"
202 if [ -f $confdir/postexec.$computer ]; then
203 if ! scp $confdir/postexec.$computer root@$computer:/root/.backup/postexec >&2; then
204 echo `date`" $computer: Could not copy postexec.$computer to $computer:/root/.backup/postexec"
209 # Try to run preexec if it exists
210 if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f /root/.backup/preexec ] || /bin/bash -x /root/.backup/preexec" >&2; then
211 echo `date`" $computer: Could not run $computer:/root/.backup/preexec"
215 for filesystem in $filesystems
217 # Remove / and $ (for Windows) for path names
218 sfilesystem=`echo $filesystem | tr '\/\$' '__'`
220 # Prepare storage area
221 mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full 2>/dev/null
222 mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig 2>/dev/null
224 # Default backuplevel
227 if [ ! -f $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date ]
229 # Take the first full backup of this filesystem on this computer
231 echo $DATEs > $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date
234 # Check if we want a full backup
235 if [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem ]; then
236 fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfullforfixed
237 if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem`" ]; then
240 elif [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer ]; then
241 fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfullforfixed
242 if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer`" ]; then
246 fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfull
249 if [ -z "`find $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/ -name \*tgz -mtime -$fullbackup_min_for_this_machine`" ]; then
254 cd $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevel || die
256 # Perform the actual backup
259 # Check if this box has a custom number of full backups
260 if [ -f $confdir/maksfulle.$computer ] ; then
261 mf=$((`cat $confdir/maksfulle.$computer`+1))
263 mf=$(($maxnumfull+1))
266 # Delete old full backups
267 for full in `ls -1t $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -n +$mf`
269 prefix=`echo $full | sed "s/\.[^.]*$//"`
270 echo `date`": $computer:$filesystem Deleting full backup $prefix" >&2
274 # Delete incremental backups older than the oldest full backup
275 oldf=`ls -t1 $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz | tail -1`
277 $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig \
280 -printf "`date`: $computer: Deleting old incremental backup: %p\n" \
284 # Try to run postexec if it exist
285 if ! ssh root@$computer "[ ! -f /root/.backup/postexec ] || /bin/bash -x /root/.backup/postexec" >&2; then
286 echo `date`" $computer: Could not run $computer:/root/.backup/postexec"