1 \input texinfo @c -*- texinfo -*-
3 @settitle ffmpeg Documentation
5 @center @titlefont{ffmpeg Documentation}
14 ffmpeg [@var{global_options}] @{[@var{input_file_options}] -i @file{input_file}@} ... @{[@var{output_file_options}] @file{output_file}@} ...
17 @c man begin DESCRIPTION
19 @command{ffmpeg} is a very fast video and audio converter that can also grab from
20 a live audio/video source. It can also convert between arbitrary sample
21 rates and resize video on the fly with a high quality polyphase filter.
23 @command{ffmpeg} reads from an arbitrary number of input "files" (which can be regular
24 files, pipes, network streams, grabbing devices, etc.), specified by the
25 @code{-i} option, and writes to an arbitrary number of output "files", which are
26 specified by a plain output filename. Anything found on the command line which
27 cannot be interpreted as an option is considered to be an output filename.
29 Each input or output file can, in principle, contain any number of streams of
30 different types (video/audio/subtitle/attachment/data). The allowed number and/or
31 types of streams may be limited by the container format. Selecting which
32 streams from which inputs will go into which output is either done automatically
33 or with the @code{-map} option (see the Stream selection chapter).
35 To refer to input files in options, you must use their indices (0-based). E.g.
36 the first input file is @code{0}, the second is @code{1}, etc. Similarly, streams
37 within a file are referred to by their indices. E.g. @code{2:3} refers to the
38 fourth stream in the third input file. Also see the Stream specifiers chapter.
40 As a general rule, options are applied to the next specified
41 file. Therefore, order is important, and you can have the same
42 option on the command line multiple times. Each occurrence is
43 then applied to the next input or output file.
44 Exceptions from this rule are the global options (e.g. verbosity level),
45 which should be specified first.
47 Do not mix input and output files -- first specify all input files, then all
48 output files. Also do not mix options which belong to different files. All
49 options apply ONLY to the next input or output file and are reset between files.
53 To set the video bitrate of the output file to 64 kbit/s:
55 ffmpeg -i input.avi -b:v 64k -bufsize 64k output.avi
59 To force the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
61 ffmpeg -i input.avi -r 24 output.avi
65 To force the frame rate of the input file (valid for raw formats only)
66 to 1 fps and the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
68 ffmpeg -r 1 -i input.m2v -r 24 output.avi
72 The format option may be needed for raw input files.
74 @c man end DESCRIPTION
76 @chapter Detailed description
77 @c man begin DETAILED DESCRIPTION
79 The transcoding process in @command{ffmpeg} for each output can be described by
80 the following diagram:
83 _______ ______________
85 | input | demuxer | encoded data | decoder
86 | file | ---------> | packets | -----+
87 |_______| |______________| |
94 ________ ______________ |
96 | output | <-------- | encoded data | <----+
97 | file | muxer | packets | encoder
98 |________| |______________|
103 @command{ffmpeg} calls the libavformat library (containing demuxers) to read
104 input files and get packets containing encoded data from them. When there are
105 multiple input files, @command{ffmpeg} tries to keep them synchronized by
106 tracking lowest timestamp on any active input stream.
108 Encoded packets are then passed to the decoder (unless streamcopy is selected
109 for the stream, see further for a description). The decoder produces
110 uncompressed frames (raw video/PCM audio/...) which can be processed further by
111 filtering (see next section). After filtering, the frames are passed to the
112 encoder, which encodes them and outputs encoded packets. Finally those are
113 passed to the muxer, which writes the encoded packets to the output file.
116 Before encoding, @command{ffmpeg} can process raw audio and video frames using
117 filters from the libavfilter library. Several chained filters form a filter
118 graph. @command{ffmpeg} distinguishes between two types of filtergraphs:
121 @subsection Simple filtergraphs
122 Simple filtergraphs are those that have exactly one input and output, both of
123 the same type. In the above diagram they can be represented by simply inserting
124 an additional step between decoding and encoding:
127 _________ ______________
129 | decoded | | encoded data |
130 | frames |\ _ | packets |
131 |_________| \ /||______________|
133 simple _\|| | / encoder
134 filtergraph | filtered |/
140 Simple filtergraphs are configured with the per-stream @option{-filter} option
141 (with @option{-vf} and @option{-af} aliases for video and audio respectively).
142 A simple filtergraph for video can look for example like this:
145 _______ _____________ _______ ________
147 | input | ---> | deinterlace | ---> | scale | ---> | output |
148 |_______| |_____________| |_______| |________|
152 Note that some filters change frame properties but not frame contents. E.g. the
153 @code{fps} filter in the example above changes number of frames, but does not
154 touch the frame contents. Another example is the @code{setpts} filter, which
155 only sets timestamps and otherwise passes the frames unchanged.
157 @subsection Complex filtergraphs
158 Complex filtergraphs are those which cannot be described as simply a linear
159 processing chain applied to one stream. This is the case, for example, when the graph has
160 more than one input and/or output, or when output stream type is different from
161 input. They can be represented with the following diagram:
166 | input 0 |\ __________
168 \ _________ /| output 0 |
170 _________ \| complex | /
172 | input 1 |---->| filter |\
173 |_________| | | \ __________
176 _________ / |_________| |__________|
183 Complex filtergraphs are configured with the @option{-filter_complex} option.
184 Note that this option is global, since a complex filtergraph, by its nature,
185 cannot be unambiguously associated with a single stream or file.
187 The @option{-lavfi} option is equivalent to @option{-filter_complex}.
189 A trivial example of a complex filtergraph is the @code{overlay} filter, which
190 has two video inputs and one video output, containing one video overlaid on top
191 of the other. Its audio counterpart is the @code{amix} filter.
194 Stream copy is a mode selected by supplying the @code{copy} parameter to the
195 @option{-codec} option. It makes @command{ffmpeg} omit the decoding and encoding
196 step for the specified stream, so it does only demuxing and muxing. It is useful
197 for changing the container format or modifying container-level metadata. The
198 diagram above will, in this case, simplify to this:
201 _______ ______________ ________
203 | input | demuxer | encoded data | muxer | output |
204 | file | ---------> | packets | -------> | file |
205 |_______| |______________| |________|
209 Since there is no decoding or encoding, it is very fast and there is no quality
210 loss. However, it might not work in some cases because of many factors. Applying
211 filters is obviously also impossible, since filters work on uncompressed data.
213 @c man end DETAILED DESCRIPTION
215 @chapter Stream selection
216 @c man begin STREAM SELECTION
218 By default, @command{ffmpeg} includes only one stream of each type (video, audio, subtitle)
219 present in the input files and adds them to each output file. It picks the
220 "best" of each based upon the following criteria: for video, it is the stream
221 with the highest resolution, for audio, it is the stream with the most channels, for
222 subtitles, it is the first subtitle stream. In the case where several streams of
223 the same type rate equally, the stream with the lowest index is chosen.
225 You can disable some of those defaults by using the @code{-vn/-an/-sn} options. For
226 full manual control, use the @code{-map} option, which disables the defaults just
229 @c man end STREAM SELECTION
234 @include fftools-common-opts.texi
236 @section Main options
240 @item -f @var{fmt} (@emph{input/output})
241 Force input or output file format. The format is normally auto detected for input
242 files and guessed from the file extension for output files, so this option is not
243 needed in most cases.
245 @item -i @var{filename} (@emph{input})
248 @item -y (@emph{global})
249 Overwrite output files without asking.
251 @item -n (@emph{global})
252 Do not overwrite output files, and exit immediately if a specified
253 output file already exists.
255 @item -c[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
256 @itemx -codec[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
257 Select an encoder (when used before an output file) or a decoder (when used
258 before an input file) for one or more streams. @var{codec} is the name of a
259 decoder/encoder or a special value @code{copy} (output only) to indicate that
260 the stream is not to be re-encoded.
264 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c:v libx264 -c:a copy OUTPUT
266 encodes all video streams with libx264 and copies all audio streams.
268 For each stream, the last matching @code{c} option is applied, so
270 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c copy -c:v:1 libx264 -c:a:137 libvorbis OUTPUT
272 will copy all the streams except the second video, which will be encoded with
273 libx264, and the 138th audio, which will be encoded with libvorbis.
275 @item -t @var{duration} (@emph{input/output})
276 When used as an input option (before @code{-i}), limit the @var{duration} of
277 data read from the input file.
279 When used as an output option (before an output filename), stop writing the
280 output after its duration reaches @var{duration}.
282 @var{duration} may be a number in seconds, or in @code{hh:mm:ss[.xxx]} form.
284 -to and -t are mutually exclusive and -t has priority.
286 @item -to @var{position} (@emph{output})
287 Stop writing the output at @var{position}.
288 @var{position} may be a number in seconds, or in @code{hh:mm:ss[.xxx]} form.
290 -to and -t are mutually exclusive and -t has priority.
292 @item -fs @var{limit_size} (@emph{output})
293 Set the file size limit, expressed in bytes.
295 @item -ss @var{position} (@emph{input/output})
296 When used as an input option (before @code{-i}), seeks in this input file to
297 @var{position}. Note the in most formats it is not possible to seek exactly, so
298 @command{ffmpeg} will seek to the closest seek point before @var{position}.
299 When transcoding and @option{-accurate_seek} is enabled (the default), this
300 extra segment between the seek point and @var{position} will be decoded and
301 discarded. When doing stream copy or when @option{-noaccurate_seek} is used, it
304 When used as an output option (before an output filename), decodes but discards
305 input until the timestamps reach @var{position}.
307 @var{position} may be either in seconds or in @code{hh:mm:ss[.xxx]} form.
309 @item -itsoffset @var{offset} (@emph{input})
310 Set the input time offset.
312 @var{offset} must be a time duration specification,
313 see @ref{time duration syntax,,the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual,ffmpeg-utils}.
315 The offset is added to the timestamps of the input files. Specifying
316 a positive offset means that the corresponding streams are delayed by
317 the time duration specified in @var{offset}.
319 @item -timestamp @var{date} (@emph{output})
320 Set the recording timestamp in the container.
322 @var{date} must be a time duration specification,
323 see @ref{date syntax,,the Date section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual,ffmpeg-utils}.
325 @item -metadata[:metadata_specifier] @var{key}=@var{value} (@emph{output,per-metadata})
326 Set a metadata key/value pair.
328 An optional @var{metadata_specifier} may be given to set metadata
329 on streams or chapters. See @code{-map_metadata} documentation for
332 This option overrides metadata set with @code{-map_metadata}. It is
333 also possible to delete metadata by using an empty value.
335 For example, for setting the title in the output file:
337 ffmpeg -i in.avi -metadata title="my title" out.flv
340 To set the language of the first audio stream:
342 ffmpeg -i INPUT -metadata:s:a:1 language=eng OUTPUT
345 @item -target @var{type} (@emph{output})
346 Specify target file type (@code{vcd}, @code{svcd}, @code{dvd}, @code{dv},
347 @code{dv50}). @var{type} may be prefixed with @code{pal-}, @code{ntsc-} or
348 @code{film-} to use the corresponding standard. All the format options
349 (bitrate, codecs, buffer sizes) are then set automatically. You can just type:
352 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd /tmp/vcd.mpg
355 Nevertheless you can specify additional options as long as you know
356 they do not conflict with the standard, as in:
359 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd -bf 2 /tmp/vcd.mpg
362 @item -dframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
363 Set the number of data frames to record. This is an alias for @code{-frames:d}.
365 @item -frames[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{framecount} (@emph{output,per-stream})
366 Stop writing to the stream after @var{framecount} frames.
368 @item -q[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{q} (@emph{output,per-stream})
369 @itemx -qscale[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{q} (@emph{output,per-stream})
370 Use fixed quality scale (VBR). The meaning of @var{q}/@var{qscale} is
372 If @var{qscale} is used without a @var{stream_specifier} then it applies only
373 to the video stream, this is to maintain compatibility with previous behavior
374 and as specifying the same codec specific value to 2 different codecs that is
375 audio and video generally is not what is intended when no stream_specifier is
378 @anchor{filter_option}
379 @item -filter[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{filtergraph} (@emph{output,per-stream})
380 Create the filtergraph specified by @var{filtergraph} and use it to
383 @var{filtergraph} is a description of the filtergraph to apply to
384 the stream, and must have a single input and a single output of the
385 same type of the stream. In the filtergraph, the input is associated
386 to the label @code{in}, and the output to the label @code{out}. See
387 the ffmpeg-filters manual for more information about the filtergraph
390 See the @ref{filter_complex_option,,-filter_complex option} if you
391 want to create filtergraphs with multiple inputs and/or outputs.
393 @item -filter_script[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{filename} (@emph{output,per-stream})
394 This option is similar to @option{-filter}, the only difference is that its
395 argument is the name of the file from which a filtergraph description is to be
398 @item -pre[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{preset_name} (@emph{output,per-stream})
399 Specify the preset for matching stream(s).
401 @item -stats (@emph{global})
402 Print encoding progress/statistics. It is on by default, to explicitly
403 disable it you need to specify @code{-nostats}.
405 @item -progress @var{url} (@emph{global})
406 Send program-friendly progress information to @var{url}.
408 Progress information is written approximately every second and at the end of
409 the encoding process. It is made of "@var{key}=@var{value}" lines. @var{key}
410 consists of only alphanumeric characters. The last key of a sequence of
411 progress information is always "progress".
414 Enable interaction on standard input. On by default unless standard input is
415 used as an input. To explicitly disable interaction you need to specify
418 Disabling interaction on standard input is useful, for example, if
419 ffmpeg is in the background process group. Roughly the same result can
420 be achieved with @code{ffmpeg ... < /dev/null} but it requires a
423 @item -debug_ts (@emph{global})
424 Print timestamp information. It is off by default. This option is
425 mostly useful for testing and debugging purposes, and the output
426 format may change from one version to another, so it should not be
427 employed by portable scripts.
429 See also the option @code{-fdebug ts}.
431 @item -attach @var{filename} (@emph{output})
432 Add an attachment to the output file. This is supported by a few formats
433 like Matroska for e.g. fonts used in rendering subtitles. Attachments
434 are implemented as a specific type of stream, so this option will add
435 a new stream to the file. It is then possible to use per-stream options
436 on this stream in the usual way. Attachment streams created with this
437 option will be created after all the other streams (i.e. those created
438 with @code{-map} or automatic mappings).
440 Note that for Matroska you also have to set the mimetype metadata tag:
442 ffmpeg -i INPUT -attach DejaVuSans.ttf -metadata:s:2 mimetype=application/x-truetype-font out.mkv
444 (assuming that the attachment stream will be third in the output file).
446 @item -dump_attachment[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{filename} (@emph{input,per-stream})
447 Extract the matching attachment stream into a file named @var{filename}. If
448 @var{filename} is empty, then the value of the @code{filename} metadata tag
451 E.g. to extract the first attachment to a file named 'out.ttf':
453 ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t:0 out.ttf -i INPUT
455 To extract all attachments to files determined by the @code{filename} tag:
457 ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t "" -i INPUT
460 Technical note -- attachments are implemented as codec extradata, so this
461 option can actually be used to extract extradata from any stream, not just
466 @section Video Options
469 @item -vframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
470 Set the number of video frames to record. This is an alias for @code{-frames:v}.
471 @item -r[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{fps} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
472 Set frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation).
474 As an input option, ignore any timestamps stored in the file and instead
475 generate timestamps assuming constant frame rate @var{fps}.
477 As an output option, duplicate or drop input frames to achieve constant output
478 frame rate @var{fps}.
480 @item -s[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{size} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
483 As an input option, this is a shortcut for the @option{video_size} private
484 option, recognized by some demuxers for which the frame size is either not
485 stored in the file or is configurable -- e.g. raw video or video grabbers.
487 As an output option, this inserts the @code{scale} video filter to the
488 @emph{end} of the corresponding filtergraph. Please use the @code{scale} filter
489 directly to insert it at the beginning or some other place.
491 The format is @samp{wxh} (default - same as source).
493 @item -aspect[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{aspect} (@emph{output,per-stream})
494 Set the video display aspect ratio specified by @var{aspect}.
496 @var{aspect} can be a floating point number string, or a string of the
497 form @var{num}:@var{den}, where @var{num} and @var{den} are the
498 numerator and denominator of the aspect ratio. For example "4:3",
499 "16:9", "1.3333", and "1.7777" are valid argument values.
501 If used together with @option{-vcodec copy}, it will affect the aspect ratio
502 stored at container level, but not the aspect ratio stored in encoded
503 frames, if it exists.
505 @item -vn (@emph{output})
506 Disable video recording.
508 @item -vcodec @var{codec} (@emph{output})
509 Set the video codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:v}.
511 @item -pass[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{n} (@emph{output,per-stream})
512 Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is used to do two-pass
513 video encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first
514 pass into a log file (see also the option -passlogfile),
515 and in the second pass that log file is used to generate the video
516 at the exact requested bitrate.
517 On pass 1, you may just deactivate audio and set output to null,
518 examples for Windows and Unix:
520 ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y NUL
521 ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y /dev/null
524 @item -passlogfile[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{prefix} (@emph{output,per-stream})
525 Set two-pass log file name prefix to @var{prefix}, the default file name
526 prefix is ``ffmpeg2pass''. The complete file name will be
527 @file{PREFIX-N.log}, where N is a number specific to the output
530 @item -vf @var{filtergraph} (@emph{output})
531 Create the filtergraph specified by @var{filtergraph} and use it to
534 This is an alias for @code{-filter:v}, see the @ref{filter_option,,-filter option}.
537 @section Advanced Video options
540 @item -pix_fmt[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{format} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
541 Set pixel format. Use @code{-pix_fmts} to show all the supported
543 If the selected pixel format can not be selected, ffmpeg will print a
544 warning and select the best pixel format supported by the encoder.
545 If @var{pix_fmt} is prefixed by a @code{+}, ffmpeg will exit with an error
546 if the requested pixel format can not be selected, and automatic conversions
547 inside filtergraphs are disabled.
548 If @var{pix_fmt} is a single @code{+}, ffmpeg selects the same pixel format
549 as the input (or graph output) and automatic conversions are disabled.
551 @item -sws_flags @var{flags} (@emph{input/output})
556 @item -rc_override[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{override} (@emph{output,per-stream})
557 Rate control override for specific intervals, formatted as "int,int,int"
558 list separated with slashes. Two first values are the beginning and
559 end frame numbers, last one is quantizer to use if positive, or quality
563 Force interlacing support in encoder (MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 only).
564 Use this option if your input file is interlaced and you want
565 to keep the interlaced format for minimum losses.
566 The alternative is to deinterlace the input stream with
567 @option{-deinterlace}, but deinterlacing introduces losses.
569 Calculate PSNR of compressed frames.
571 Dump video coding statistics to @file{vstats_HHMMSS.log}.
572 @item -vstats_file @var{file}
573 Dump video coding statistics to @var{file}.
574 @item -top[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{n} (@emph{output,per-stream})
575 top=1/bottom=0/auto=-1 field first
576 @item -dc @var{precision}
578 @item -vtag @var{fourcc/tag} (@emph{output})
579 Force video tag/fourcc. This is an alias for @code{-tag:v}.
580 @item -qphist (@emph{global})
582 @item -vbsf @var{bitstream_filter}
585 @item -force_key_frames[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{time}[,@var{time}...] (@emph{output,per-stream})
586 @item -force_key_frames[:@var{stream_specifier}] expr:@var{expr} (@emph{output,per-stream})
587 Force key frames at the specified timestamps, more precisely at the first
588 frames after each specified time.
590 If the argument is prefixed with @code{expr:}, the string @var{expr}
591 is interpreted like an expression and is evaluated for each frame. A
592 key frame is forced in case the evaluation is non-zero.
594 If one of the times is "@code{chapters}[@var{delta}]", it is expanded into
595 the time of the beginning of all chapters in the file, shifted by
596 @var{delta}, expressed as a time in seconds.
597 This option can be useful to ensure that a seek point is present at a
598 chapter mark or any other designated place in the output file.
600 For example, to insert a key frame at 5 minutes, plus key frames 0.1 second
601 before the beginning of every chapter:
603 -force_key_frames 0:05:00,chapters-0.1
606 The expression in @var{expr} can contain the following constants:
609 the number of current processed frame, starting from 0
611 the number of forced frames
613 the number of the previous forced frame, it is @code{NAN} when no
614 keyframe was forced yet
616 the time of the previous forced frame, it is @code{NAN} when no
617 keyframe was forced yet
619 the time of the current processed frame
622 For example to force a key frame every 5 seconds, you can specify:
624 -force_key_frames expr:gte(t,n_forced*5)
627 To force a key frame 5 seconds after the time of the last forced one,
628 starting from second 13:
630 -force_key_frames expr:if(isnan(prev_forced_t),gte(t,13),gte(t,prev_forced_t+5))
633 Note that forcing too many keyframes is very harmful for the lookahead
634 algorithms of certain encoders: using fixed-GOP options or similar
635 would be more efficient.
637 @item -copyinkf[:@var{stream_specifier}] (@emph{output,per-stream})
638 When doing stream copy, copy also non-key frames found at the
641 @item -hwaccel[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{hwaccel} (@emph{input,per-stream})
642 Use hardware acceleration to decode the matching stream(s). The allowed values
643 of @var{hwaccel} are:
646 Do not use any hardware acceleration (the default).
649 Automatically select the hardware acceleration method.
652 Use Apple VDA hardware acceleration.
655 Use VDPAU (Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix) hardware acceleration.
658 Use DXVA2 (DirectX Video Acceleration) hardware acceleration.
661 This option has no effect if the selected hwaccel is not available or not
662 supported by the chosen decoder.
664 Note that most acceleration methods are intended for playback and will not be
665 faster than software decoding on modern CPUs. Additionally, @command{ffmpeg}
666 will usually need to copy the decoded frames from the GPU memory into the system
667 memory, resulting in further performance loss. This option is thus mainly
670 @item -hwaccel_device[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{hwaccel_device} (@emph{input,per-stream})
671 Select a device to use for hardware acceleration.
673 This option only makes sense when the @option{-hwaccel} option is also
674 specified. Its exact meaning depends on the specific hardware acceleration
679 For VDPAU, this option specifies the X11 display/screen to use. If this option
680 is not specified, the value of the @var{DISPLAY} environment variable is used
683 For DXVA2, this option should contain the number of the display adapter to use.
684 If this option is not specified, the default adapter is used.
688 @section Audio Options
691 @item -aframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
692 Set the number of audio frames to record. This is an alias for @code{-frames:a}.
693 @item -ar[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{freq} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
694 Set the audio sampling frequency. For output streams it is set by
695 default to the frequency of the corresponding input stream. For input
696 streams this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw
697 demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.
698 @item -aq @var{q} (@emph{output})
699 Set the audio quality (codec-specific, VBR). This is an alias for -q:a.
700 @item -ac[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{channels} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
701 Set the number of audio channels. For output streams it is set by
702 default to the number of input audio channels. For input streams
703 this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw demuxers
704 and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.
705 @item -an (@emph{output})
706 Disable audio recording.
707 @item -acodec @var{codec} (@emph{input/output})
708 Set the audio codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:a}.
709 @item -sample_fmt[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{sample_fmt} (@emph{output,per-stream})
710 Set the audio sample format. Use @code{-sample_fmts} to get a list
711 of supported sample formats.
713 @item -af @var{filtergraph} (@emph{output})
714 Create the filtergraph specified by @var{filtergraph} and use it to
717 This is an alias for @code{-filter:a}, see the @ref{filter_option,,-filter option}.
720 @section Advanced Audio options
723 @item -atag @var{fourcc/tag} (@emph{output})
724 Force audio tag/fourcc. This is an alias for @code{-tag:a}.
725 @item -absf @var{bitstream_filter}
727 @item -guess_layout_max @var{channels} (@emph{input,per-stream})
728 If some input channel layout is not known, try to guess only if it
729 corresponds to at most the specified number of channels. For example, 2
730 tells to @command{ffmpeg} to recognize 1 channel as mono and 2 channels as
731 stereo but not 6 channels as 5.1. The default is to always try to guess. Use
732 0 to disable all guessing.
735 @section Subtitle options
738 @item -scodec @var{codec} (@emph{input/output})
739 Set the subtitle codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:s}.
740 @item -sn (@emph{output})
741 Disable subtitle recording.
742 @item -sbsf @var{bitstream_filter}
746 @section Advanced Subtitle options
750 @item -fix_sub_duration
751 Fix subtitles durations. For each subtitle, wait for the next packet in the
752 same stream and adjust the duration of the first to avoid overlap. This is
753 necessary with some subtitles codecs, especially DVB subtitles, because the
754 duration in the original packet is only a rough estimate and the end is
755 actually marked by an empty subtitle frame. Failing to use this option when
756 necessary can result in exaggerated durations or muxing failures due to
757 non-monotonic timestamps.
759 Note that this option will delay the output of all data until the next
760 subtitle packet is decoded: it may increase memory consumption and latency a
763 @item -canvas_size @var{size}
764 Set the size of the canvas used to render subtitles.
768 @section Advanced options
771 @item -map [-]@var{input_file_id}[:@var{stream_specifier}][,@var{sync_file_id}[:@var{stream_specifier}]] | @var{[linklabel]} (@emph{output})
773 Designate one or more input streams as a source for the output file. Each input
774 stream is identified by the input file index @var{input_file_id} and
775 the input stream index @var{input_stream_id} within the input
776 file. Both indices start at 0. If specified,
777 @var{sync_file_id}:@var{stream_specifier} sets which input stream
778 is used as a presentation sync reference.
780 The first @code{-map} option on the command line specifies the
781 source for output stream 0, the second @code{-map} option specifies
782 the source for output stream 1, etc.
784 A @code{-} character before the stream identifier creates a "negative" mapping.
785 It disables matching streams from already created mappings.
787 An alternative @var{[linklabel]} form will map outputs from complex filter
788 graphs (see the @option{-filter_complex} option) to the output file.
789 @var{linklabel} must correspond to a defined output link label in the graph.
791 For example, to map ALL streams from the first input file to output
793 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 output
796 For example, if you have two audio streams in the first input file,
797 these streams are identified by "0:0" and "0:1". You can use
798 @code{-map} to select which streams to place in an output file. For
801 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:1 out.wav
803 will map the input stream in @file{INPUT} identified by "0:1" to
804 the (single) output stream in @file{out.wav}.
806 For example, to select the stream with index 2 from input file
807 @file{a.mov} (specified by the identifier "0:2"), and stream with
808 index 6 from input @file{b.mov} (specified by the identifier "1:6"),
809 and copy them to the output file @file{out.mov}:
811 ffmpeg -i a.mov -i b.mov -c copy -map 0:2 -map 1:6 out.mov
814 To select all video and the third audio stream from an input file:
816 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:v -map 0:a:2 OUTPUT
819 To map all the streams except the second audio, use negative mappings
821 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -map -0:a:1 OUTPUT
824 To pick the English audio stream:
826 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:m:language:eng OUTPUT
829 Note that using this option disables the default mappings for this output file.
831 @item -map_channel [@var{input_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier}.@var{channel_id}|-1][:@var{output_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier}]
832 Map an audio channel from a given input to an output. If
833 @var{output_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier} is not set, the audio channel will
834 be mapped on all the audio streams.
836 Using "-1" instead of
837 @var{input_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier}.@var{channel_id} will map a muted
840 For example, assuming @var{INPUT} is a stereo audio file, you can switch the
841 two audio channels with the following command:
843 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.1 -map_channel 0.0.0 OUTPUT
846 If you want to mute the first channel and keep the second:
848 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel -1 -map_channel 0.0.1 OUTPUT
851 The order of the "-map_channel" option specifies the order of the channels in
852 the output stream. The output channel layout is guessed from the number of
853 channels mapped (mono if one "-map_channel", stereo if two, etc.). Using "-ac"
854 in combination of "-map_channel" makes the channel gain levels to be updated if
855 input and output channel layouts don't match (for instance two "-map_channel"
856 options and "-ac 6").
858 You can also extract each channel of an input to specific outputs; the following
859 command extracts two channels of the @var{INPUT} audio stream (file 0, stream 0)
860 to the respective @var{OUTPUT_CH0} and @var{OUTPUT_CH1} outputs:
862 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.0 OUTPUT_CH0 -map_channel 0.0.1 OUTPUT_CH1
865 The following example splits the channels of a stereo input into two separate
866 streams, which are put into the same output file:
868 ffmpeg -i stereo.wav -map 0:0 -map 0:0 -map_channel 0.0.0:0.0 -map_channel 0.0.1:0.1 -y out.ogg
871 Note that currently each output stream can only contain channels from a single
872 input stream; you can't for example use "-map_channel" to pick multiple input
873 audio channels contained in different streams (from the same or different files)
874 and merge them into a single output stream. It is therefore not currently
875 possible, for example, to turn two separate mono streams into a single stereo
876 stream. However splitting a stereo stream into two single channel mono streams
879 If you need this feature, a possible workaround is to use the @emph{amerge}
880 filter. For example, if you need to merge a media (here @file{input.mkv}) with 2
881 mono audio streams into one single stereo channel audio stream (and keep the
882 video stream), you can use the following command:
884 ffmpeg -i input.mkv -filter_complex "[0:1] [0:2] amerge" -c:a pcm_s16le -c:v copy output.mkv
887 @item -map_metadata[:@var{metadata_spec_out}] @var{infile}[:@var{metadata_spec_in}] (@emph{output,per-metadata})
888 Set metadata information of the next output file from @var{infile}. Note that
889 those are file indices (zero-based), not filenames.
890 Optional @var{metadata_spec_in/out} parameters specify, which metadata to copy.
891 A metadata specifier can have the following forms:
894 global metadata, i.e. metadata that applies to the whole file
896 @item @var{s}[:@var{stream_spec}]
897 per-stream metadata. @var{stream_spec} is a stream specifier as described
898 in the @ref{Stream specifiers} chapter. In an input metadata specifier, the first
899 matching stream is copied from. In an output metadata specifier, all matching
900 streams are copied to.
902 @item @var{c}:@var{chapter_index}
903 per-chapter metadata. @var{chapter_index} is the zero-based chapter index.
905 @item @var{p}:@var{program_index}
906 per-program metadata. @var{program_index} is the zero-based program index.
908 If metadata specifier is omitted, it defaults to global.
910 By default, global metadata is copied from the first input file,
911 per-stream and per-chapter metadata is copied along with streams/chapters. These
912 default mappings are disabled by creating any mapping of the relevant type. A negative
913 file index can be used to create a dummy mapping that just disables automatic copying.
915 For example to copy metadata from the first stream of the input file to global metadata
918 ffmpeg -i in.ogg -map_metadata 0:s:0 out.mp3
921 To do the reverse, i.e. copy global metadata to all audio streams:
923 ffmpeg -i in.mkv -map_metadata:s:a 0:g out.mkv
925 Note that simple @code{0} would work as well in this example, since global
926 metadata is assumed by default.
928 @item -map_chapters @var{input_file_index} (@emph{output})
929 Copy chapters from input file with index @var{input_file_index} to the next
930 output file. If no chapter mapping is specified, then chapters are copied from
931 the first input file with at least one chapter. Use a negative file index to
932 disable any chapter copying.
934 @item -benchmark (@emph{global})
935 Show benchmarking information at the end of an encode.
936 Shows CPU time used and maximum memory consumption.
937 Maximum memory consumption is not supported on all systems,
938 it will usually display as 0 if not supported.
939 @item -benchmark_all (@emph{global})
940 Show benchmarking information during the encode.
941 Shows CPU time used in various steps (audio/video encode/decode).
942 @item -timelimit @var{duration} (@emph{global})
943 Exit after ffmpeg has been running for @var{duration} seconds.
944 @item -dump (@emph{global})
945 Dump each input packet to stderr.
946 @item -hex (@emph{global})
947 When dumping packets, also dump the payload.
948 @item -re (@emph{input})
949 Read input at native frame rate. Mainly used to simulate a grab device.
950 or live input stream (e.g. when reading from a file). Should not be used
951 with actual grab devices or live input streams (where it can cause packet
953 By default @command{ffmpeg} attempts to read the input(s) as fast as possible.
954 This option will slow down the reading of the input(s) to the native frame rate
955 of the input(s). It is useful for real-time output (e.g. live streaming).
957 Loop over the input stream. Currently it works only for image
958 streams. This option is used for automatic FFserver testing.
959 This option is deprecated, use -loop 1.
960 @item -loop_output @var{number_of_times}
961 Repeatedly loop output for formats that support looping such as animated GIF
962 (0 will loop the output infinitely).
963 This option is deprecated, use -loop.
964 @item -vsync @var{parameter}
966 For compatibility reasons old values can be specified as numbers.
967 Newly added values will have to be specified as strings always.
971 Each frame is passed with its timestamp from the demuxer to the muxer.
973 Frames will be duplicated and dropped to achieve exactly the requested
976 Frames are passed through with their timestamp or dropped so as to
977 prevent 2 frames from having the same timestamp.
979 As passthrough but destroys all timestamps, making the muxer generate
980 fresh timestamps based on frame-rate.
982 Chooses between 1 and 2 depending on muxer capabilities. This is the
986 Note that the timestamps may be further modified by the muxer, after this.
987 For example, in the case that the format option @option{avoid_negative_ts}
990 With -map you can select from which stream the timestamps should be
991 taken. You can leave either video or audio unchanged and sync the
992 remaining stream(s) to the unchanged one.
994 @item -async @var{samples_per_second}
995 Audio sync method. "Stretches/squeezes" the audio stream to match the timestamps,
996 the parameter is the maximum samples per second by which the audio is changed.
997 -async 1 is a special case where only the start of the audio stream is corrected
998 without any later correction.
1000 Note that the timestamps may be further modified by the muxer, after this.
1001 For example, in the case that the format option @option{avoid_negative_ts}
1004 This option has been deprecated. Use the @code{aresample} audio filter instead.
1007 Do not process input timestamps, but keep their values without trying
1008 to sanitize them. In particular, do not remove the initial start time
1011 Note that, depending on the @option{vsync} option or on specific muxer
1012 processing (e.g. in case the format option @option{avoid_negative_ts}
1013 is enabled) the output timestamps may mismatch with the input
1014 timestamps even when this option is selected.
1016 @item -copytb @var{mode}
1017 Specify how to set the encoder timebase when stream copying. @var{mode} is an
1018 integer numeric value, and can assume one of the following values:
1022 Use the demuxer timebase.
1024 The time base is copied to the output encoder from the corresponding input
1025 demuxer. This is sometimes required to avoid non monotonically increasing
1026 timestamps when copying video streams with variable frame rate.
1029 Use the decoder timebase.
1031 The time base is copied to the output encoder from the corresponding input
1035 Try to make the choice automatically, in order to generate a sane output.
1038 Default value is -1.
1040 @item -shortest (@emph{output})
1041 Finish encoding when the shortest input stream ends.
1042 @item -dts_delta_threshold
1043 Timestamp discontinuity delta threshold.
1044 @item -muxdelay @var{seconds} (@emph{input})
1045 Set the maximum demux-decode delay.
1046 @item -muxpreload @var{seconds} (@emph{input})
1047 Set the initial demux-decode delay.
1048 @item -streamid @var{output-stream-index}:@var{new-value} (@emph{output})
1049 Assign a new stream-id value to an output stream. This option should be
1050 specified prior to the output filename to which it applies.
1051 For the situation where multiple output files exist, a streamid
1052 may be reassigned to a different value.
1054 For example, to set the stream 0 PID to 33 and the stream 1 PID to 36 for
1055 an output mpegts file:
1057 ffmpeg -i infile -streamid 0:33 -streamid 1:36 out.ts
1060 @item -bsf[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{bitstream_filters} (@emph{output,per-stream})
1061 Set bitstream filters for matching streams. @var{bitstream_filters} is
1062 a comma-separated list of bitstream filters. Use the @code{-bsfs} option
1063 to get the list of bitstream filters.
1065 ffmpeg -i h264.mp4 -c:v copy -bsf:v h264_mp4toannexb -an out.h264
1068 ffmpeg -i file.mov -an -vn -bsf:s mov2textsub -c:s copy -f rawvideo sub.txt
1071 @item -tag[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec_tag} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
1072 Force a tag/fourcc for matching streams.
1074 @item -timecode @var{hh}:@var{mm}:@var{ss}SEP@var{ff}
1075 Specify Timecode for writing. @var{SEP} is ':' for non drop timecode and ';'
1078 ffmpeg -i input.mpg -timecode 01:02:03.04 -r 30000/1001 -s ntsc output.mpg
1081 @anchor{filter_complex_option}
1082 @item -filter_complex @var{filtergraph} (@emph{global})
1083 Define a complex filtergraph, i.e. one with arbitrary number of inputs and/or
1084 outputs. For simple graphs -- those with one input and one output of the same
1085 type -- see the @option{-filter} options. @var{filtergraph} is a description of
1086 the filtergraph, as described in the ``Filtergraph syntax'' section of the
1087 ffmpeg-filters manual.
1089 Input link labels must refer to input streams using the
1090 @code{[file_index:stream_specifier]} syntax (i.e. the same as @option{-map}
1091 uses). If @var{stream_specifier} matches multiple streams, the first one will be
1092 used. An unlabeled input will be connected to the first unused input stream of
1095 Output link labels are referred to with @option{-map}. Unlabeled outputs are
1096 added to the first output file.
1098 Note that with this option it is possible to use only lavfi sources without
1101 For example, to overlay an image over video
1103 ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex '[0:v][1:v]overlay[out]' -map
1106 Here @code{[0:v]} refers to the first video stream in the first input file,
1107 which is linked to the first (main) input of the overlay filter. Similarly the
1108 first video stream in the second input is linked to the second (overlay) input
1111 Assuming there is only one video stream in each input file, we can omit input
1112 labels, so the above is equivalent to
1114 ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex 'overlay[out]' -map
1118 Furthermore we can omit the output label and the single output from the filter
1119 graph will be added to the output file automatically, so we can simply write
1121 ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex 'overlay' out.mkv
1124 To generate 5 seconds of pure red video using lavfi @code{color} source:
1126 ffmpeg -filter_complex 'color=c=red' -t 5 out.mkv
1129 @item -lavfi @var{filtergraph} (@emph{global})
1130 Define a complex filtergraph, i.e. one with arbitrary number of inputs and/or
1131 outputs. Equivalent to @option{-filter_complex}.
1133 @item -filter_complex_script @var{filename} (@emph{global})
1134 This option is similar to @option{-filter_complex}, the only difference is that
1135 its argument is the name of the file from which a complex filtergraph
1136 description is to be read.
1138 @item -accurate_seek (@emph{input})
1139 This option enables or disables accurate seeking in input files with the
1140 @option{-ss} option. It is enabled by default, so seeking is accurate when
1141 transcoding. Use @option{-noaccurate_seek} to disable it, which may be useful
1142 e.g. when copying some streams and transcoding the others.
1144 @item -override_ffserver (@emph{global})
1145 Overrides the input specifications from @command{ffserver}. Using this
1146 option you can map any input stream to @command{ffserver} and control
1147 many aspects of the encoding from @command{ffmpeg}. Without this
1148 option @command{ffmpeg} will transmit to @command{ffserver} what is
1149 requested by @command{ffserver}.
1151 The option is intended for cases where features are needed that cannot be
1152 specified to @command{ffserver} but can be to @command{ffmpeg}.
1154 @item -discard (@emph{input})
1155 Allows discarding specific streams or frames of streams at the demuxer.
1156 Not all demuxers support this.
1163 Default, which discards no frames.
1166 Discard all non-reference frames.
1169 Discard all bidirectional frames.
1172 Discard all frames excepts keyframes.
1180 As a special exception, you can use a bitmap subtitle stream as input: it
1181 will be converted into a video with the same size as the largest video in
1182 the file, or 720x576 if no video is present. Note that this is an
1183 experimental and temporary solution. It will be removed once libavfilter has
1184 proper support for subtitles.
1186 For example, to hardcode subtitles on top of a DVB-T recording stored in
1187 MPEG-TS format, delaying the subtitles by 1 second:
1189 ffmpeg -i input.ts -filter_complex \
1190 '[#0x2ef] setpts=PTS+1/TB [sub] ; [#0x2d0] [sub] overlay' \
1191 -sn -map '#0x2dc' output.mkv
1193 (0x2d0, 0x2dc and 0x2ef are the MPEG-TS PIDs of respectively the video,
1194 audio and subtitles streams; 0:0, 0:3 and 0:7 would have worked too)
1196 @section Preset files
1197 A preset file contains a sequence of @var{option}=@var{value} pairs,
1198 one for each line, specifying a sequence of options which would be
1199 awkward to specify on the command line. Lines starting with the hash
1200 ('#') character are ignored and are used to provide comments. Check
1201 the @file{presets} directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples.
1203 Preset files are specified with the @code{vpre}, @code{apre},
1204 @code{spre}, and @code{fpre} options. The @code{fpre} option takes the
1205 filename of the preset instead of a preset name as input and can be
1206 used for any kind of codec. For the @code{vpre}, @code{apre}, and
1207 @code{spre} options, the options specified in a preset file are
1208 applied to the currently selected codec of the same type as the preset
1211 The argument passed to the @code{vpre}, @code{apre}, and @code{spre}
1212 preset options identifies the preset file to use according to the
1215 First ffmpeg searches for a file named @var{arg}.ffpreset in the
1216 directories @file{$FFMPEG_DATADIR} (if set), and @file{$HOME/.ffmpeg}, and in
1217 the datadir defined at configuration time (usually @file{PREFIX/share/ffmpeg})
1218 or in a @file{ffpresets} folder along the executable on win32,
1219 in that order. For example, if the argument is @code{libvpx-1080p}, it will
1220 search for the file @file{libvpx-1080p.ffpreset}.
1222 If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named
1223 @var{codec_name}-@var{arg}.ffpreset in the above-mentioned
1224 directories, where @var{codec_name} is the name of the codec to which
1225 the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select
1226 the video codec with @code{-vcodec libvpx} and use @code{-vpre 1080p},
1227 then it will search for the file @file{libvpx-1080p.ffpreset}.
1235 For streaming at very low bitrates, use a low frame rate
1236 and a small GOP size. This is especially true for RealVideo where
1237 the Linux player does not seem to be very fast, so it can miss
1238 frames. An example is:
1241 ffmpeg -g 3 -r 3 -t 10 -b:v 50k -s qcif -f rv10 /tmp/b.rm
1245 The parameter 'q' which is displayed while encoding is the current
1246 quantizer. The value 1 indicates that a very good quality could
1247 be achieved. The value 31 indicates the worst quality. If q=31 appears
1248 too often, it means that the encoder cannot compress enough to meet
1249 your bitrate. You must either increase the bitrate, decrease the
1250 frame rate or decrease the frame size.
1253 If your computer is not fast enough, you can speed up the
1254 compression at the expense of the compression ratio. You can use
1255 '-me zero' to speed up motion estimation, and '-g 0' to disable
1256 motion estimation completely (you have only I-frames, which means it
1257 is about as good as JPEG compression).
1260 To have very low audio bitrates, reduce the sampling frequency
1261 (down to 22050 Hz for MPEG audio, 22050 or 11025 for AC-3).
1264 To have a constant quality (but a variable bitrate), use the option
1265 '-qscale n' when 'n' is between 1 (excellent quality) and 31 (worst
1272 @c man begin EXAMPLES
1274 @section Preset files
1276 A preset file contains a sequence of @var{option=value} pairs, one for
1277 each line, specifying a sequence of options which can be specified also on
1278 the command line. Lines starting with the hash ('#') character are ignored and
1279 are used to provide comments. Empty lines are also ignored. Check the
1280 @file{presets} directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples.
1282 Preset files are specified with the @code{pre} option, this option takes a
1283 preset name as input. FFmpeg searches for a file named @var{preset_name}.avpreset in
1284 the directories @file{$AVCONV_DATADIR} (if set), and @file{$HOME/.ffmpeg}, and in
1285 the data directory defined at configuration time (usually @file{$PREFIX/share/ffmpeg})
1286 in that order. For example, if the argument is @code{libx264-max}, it will
1287 search for the file @file{libx264-max.avpreset}.
1289 @section Video and Audio grabbing
1291 If you specify the input format and device then ffmpeg can grab video
1295 ffmpeg -f oss -i /dev/dsp -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg
1298 Or with an ALSA audio source (mono input, card id 1) instead of OSS:
1300 ffmpeg -f alsa -ac 1 -i hw:1 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg
1303 Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before
1304 launching ffmpeg with any TV viewer such as
1305 @uref{http://linux.bytesex.org/xawtv/, xawtv} by Gerd Knorr. You also
1306 have to set the audio recording levels correctly with a
1309 @section X11 grabbing
1311 Grab the X11 display with ffmpeg via
1314 ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size cif -framerate 25 -i :0.0 /tmp/out.mpg
1317 0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as
1318 the DISPLAY environment variable.
1321 ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size cif -framerate 25 -i :0.0+10,20 /tmp/out.mpg
1324 0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment
1325 variable. 10 is the x-offset and 20 the y-offset for the grabbing.
1327 @section Video and Audio file format conversion
1329 Any supported file format and protocol can serve as input to ffmpeg:
1334 You can use YUV files as input:
1337 ffmpeg -i /tmp/test%d.Y /tmp/out.mpg
1340 It will use the files:
1342 /tmp/test0.Y, /tmp/test0.U, /tmp/test0.V,
1343 /tmp/test1.Y, /tmp/test1.U, /tmp/test1.V, etc...
1346 The Y files use twice the resolution of the U and V files. They are
1347 raw files, without header. They can be generated by all decent video
1348 decoders. You must specify the size of the image with the @option{-s} option
1349 if ffmpeg cannot guess it.
1352 You can input from a raw YUV420P file:
1355 ffmpeg -i /tmp/test.yuv /tmp/out.avi
1358 test.yuv is a file containing raw YUV planar data. Each frame is composed
1359 of the Y plane followed by the U and V planes at half vertical and
1360 horizontal resolution.
1363 You can output to a raw YUV420P file:
1366 ffmpeg -i mydivx.avi hugefile.yuv
1370 You can set several input files and output files:
1373 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -s 640x480 -i /tmp/a.yuv /tmp/a.mpg
1376 Converts the audio file a.wav and the raw YUV video file a.yuv
1380 You can also do audio and video conversions at the same time:
1383 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2
1386 Converts a.wav to MPEG audio at 22050 Hz sample rate.
1389 You can encode to several formats at the same time and define a
1390 mapping from input stream to output streams:
1393 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -map 0:a -b:a 64k /tmp/a.mp2 -map 0:a -b:a 128k /tmp/b.mp2
1396 Converts a.wav to a.mp2 at 64 kbits and to b.mp2 at 128 kbits. '-map
1397 file:index' specifies which input stream is used for each output
1398 stream, in the order of the definition of output streams.
1401 You can transcode decrypted VOBs:
1404 ffmpeg -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -c:v mpeg4 -b:v 800k -g 300 -bf 2 -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k snatch.avi
1407 This is a typical DVD ripping example; the input is a VOB file, the
1408 output an AVI file with MPEG-4 video and MP3 audio. Note that in this
1409 command we use B-frames so the MPEG-4 stream is DivX5 compatible, and
1410 GOP size is 300 which means one intra frame every 10 seconds for 29.97fps
1411 input video. Furthermore, the audio stream is MP3-encoded so you need
1412 to enable LAME support by passing @code{--enable-libmp3lame} to configure.
1413 The mapping is particularly useful for DVD transcoding
1414 to get the desired audio language.
1416 NOTE: To see the supported input formats, use @code{ffmpeg -formats}.
1419 You can extract images from a video, or create a video from many images:
1421 For extracting images from a video:
1423 ffmpeg -i foo.avi -r 1 -s WxH -f image2 foo-%03d.jpeg
1426 This will extract one video frame per second from the video and will
1427 output them in files named @file{foo-001.jpeg}, @file{foo-002.jpeg},
1428 etc. Images will be rescaled to fit the new WxH values.
1430 If you want to extract just a limited number of frames, you can use the
1431 above command in combination with the -vframes or -t option, or in
1432 combination with -ss to start extracting from a certain point in time.
1434 For creating a video from many images:
1436 ffmpeg -f image2 -i foo-%03d.jpeg -r 12 -s WxH foo.avi
1439 The syntax @code{foo-%03d.jpeg} specifies to use a decimal number
1440 composed of three digits padded with zeroes to express the sequence
1441 number. It is the same syntax supported by the C printf function, but
1442 only formats accepting a normal integer are suitable.
1444 When importing an image sequence, -i also supports expanding
1445 shell-like wildcard patterns (globbing) internally, by selecting the
1446 image2-specific @code{-pattern_type glob} option.
1448 For example, for creating a video from filenames matching the glob pattern
1451 ffmpeg -f image2 -pattern_type glob -i 'foo-*.jpeg' -r 12 -s WxH foo.avi
1455 You can put many streams of the same type in the output:
1458 ffmpeg -i test1.avi -i test2.avi -map 0:3 -map 0:2 -map 0:1 -map 0:0 -c copy test12.nut
1461 The resulting output file @file{test12.avi} will contain first four streams from
1462 the input file in reverse order.
1465 To force CBR video output:
1467 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -b 4000k -minrate 4000k -maxrate 4000k -bufsize 1835k out.m2v
1471 The four options lmin, lmax, mblmin and mblmax use 'lambda' units,
1472 but you may use the QP2LAMBDA constant to easily convert from 'q' units:
1474 ffmpeg -i src.ext -lmax 21*QP2LAMBDA dst.ext
1480 @include config.texi
1482 @ifset config-avutil
1485 @ifset config-avcodec
1486 @include codecs.texi
1487 @include bitstream_filters.texi
1489 @ifset config-avformat
1490 @include formats.texi
1491 @include protocols.texi
1493 @ifset config-avdevice
1494 @include devices.texi
1496 @ifset config-swresample
1497 @include resampler.texi
1499 @ifset config-swscale
1500 @include scaler.texi
1502 @ifset config-avfilter
1503 @include filters.texi
1511 @url{ffmpeg.html,ffmpeg}
1513 @ifset config-not-all
1514 @url{ffmpeg-all.html,ffmpeg-all},
1516 @url{ffplay.html,ffplay}, @url{ffprobe.html,ffprobe}, @url{ffserver.html,ffserver},
1517 @url{ffmpeg-utils.html,ffmpeg-utils},
1518 @url{ffmpeg-scaler.html,ffmpeg-scaler},
1519 @url{ffmpeg-resampler.html,ffmpeg-resampler},
1520 @url{ffmpeg-codecs.html,ffmpeg-codecs},
1521 @url{ffmpeg-bitstream-filters.html,ffmpeg-bitstream-filters},
1522 @url{ffmpeg-formats.html,ffmpeg-formats},
1523 @url{ffmpeg-devices.html,ffmpeg-devices},
1524 @url{ffmpeg-protocols.html,ffmpeg-protocols},
1525 @url{ffmpeg-filters.html,ffmpeg-filters}
1532 @ifset config-not-all
1535 ffplay(1), ffprobe(1), ffserver(1),
1536 ffmpeg-utils(1), ffmpeg-scaler(1), ffmpeg-resampler(1),
1537 ffmpeg-codecs(1), ffmpeg-bitstream-filters(1), ffmpeg-formats(1),
1538 ffmpeg-devices(1), ffmpeg-protocols(1), ffmpeg-filters(1)
1541 @include authors.texi
1546 @settitle ffmpeg video converter