1 \input texinfo @c -*- texinfo -*-
2 @documentencoding UTF-8
4 @settitle ffmpeg Documentation
6 @center @titlefont{ffmpeg Documentation}
15 ffmpeg [@var{global_options}] @{[@var{input_file_options}] -i @file{input_file}@} ... @{[@var{output_file_options}] @file{output_file}@} ...
18 @c man begin DESCRIPTION
20 @command{ffmpeg} is a very fast video and audio converter that can also grab from
21 a live audio/video source. It can also convert between arbitrary sample
22 rates and resize video on the fly with a high quality polyphase filter.
24 @command{ffmpeg} reads from an arbitrary number of input "files" (which can be regular
25 files, pipes, network streams, grabbing devices, etc.), specified by the
26 @code{-i} option, and writes to an arbitrary number of output "files", which are
27 specified by a plain output filename. Anything found on the command line which
28 cannot be interpreted as an option is considered to be an output filename.
30 Each input or output file can, in principle, contain any number of streams of
31 different types (video/audio/subtitle/attachment/data). The allowed number and/or
32 types of streams may be limited by the container format. Selecting which
33 streams from which inputs will go into which output is either done automatically
34 or with the @code{-map} option (see the Stream selection chapter).
36 To refer to input files in options, you must use their indices (0-based). E.g.
37 the first input file is @code{0}, the second is @code{1}, etc. Similarly, streams
38 within a file are referred to by their indices. E.g. @code{2:3} refers to the
39 fourth stream in the third input file. Also see the Stream specifiers chapter.
41 As a general rule, options are applied to the next specified
42 file. Therefore, order is important, and you can have the same
43 option on the command line multiple times. Each occurrence is
44 then applied to the next input or output file.
45 Exceptions from this rule are the global options (e.g. verbosity level),
46 which should be specified first.
48 Do not mix input and output files -- first specify all input files, then all
49 output files. Also do not mix options which belong to different files. All
50 options apply ONLY to the next input or output file and are reset between files.
54 To set the video bitrate of the output file to 64 kbit/s:
56 ffmpeg -i input.avi -b:v 64k -bufsize 64k output.avi
60 To force the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
62 ffmpeg -i input.avi -r 24 output.avi
66 To force the frame rate of the input file (valid for raw formats only)
67 to 1 fps and the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
69 ffmpeg -r 1 -i input.m2v -r 24 output.avi
73 The format option may be needed for raw input files.
75 @c man end DESCRIPTION
77 @chapter Detailed description
78 @c man begin DETAILED DESCRIPTION
80 The transcoding process in @command{ffmpeg} for each output can be described by
81 the following diagram:
84 _______ ______________
86 | input | demuxer | encoded data | decoder
87 | file | ---------> | packets | -----+
88 |_______| |______________| |
95 ________ ______________ |
97 | output | <-------- | encoded data | <----+
98 | file | muxer | packets | encoder
99 |________| |______________|
104 @command{ffmpeg} calls the libavformat library (containing demuxers) to read
105 input files and get packets containing encoded data from them. When there are
106 multiple input files, @command{ffmpeg} tries to keep them synchronized by
107 tracking lowest timestamp on any active input stream.
109 Encoded packets are then passed to the decoder (unless streamcopy is selected
110 for the stream, see further for a description). The decoder produces
111 uncompressed frames (raw video/PCM audio/...) which can be processed further by
112 filtering (see next section). After filtering, the frames are passed to the
113 encoder, which encodes them and outputs encoded packets. Finally those are
114 passed to the muxer, which writes the encoded packets to the output file.
117 Before encoding, @command{ffmpeg} can process raw audio and video frames using
118 filters from the libavfilter library. Several chained filters form a filter
119 graph. @command{ffmpeg} distinguishes between two types of filtergraphs:
122 @subsection Simple filtergraphs
123 Simple filtergraphs are those that have exactly one input and output, both of
124 the same type. In the above diagram they can be represented by simply inserting
125 an additional step between decoding and encoding:
128 _________ ______________
130 | decoded | | encoded data |
131 | frames |\ _ | packets |
132 |_________| \ /||______________|
134 simple _\|| | / encoder
135 filtergraph | filtered |/
141 Simple filtergraphs are configured with the per-stream @option{-filter} option
142 (with @option{-vf} and @option{-af} aliases for video and audio respectively).
143 A simple filtergraph for video can look for example like this:
146 _______ _____________ _______ ________
148 | input | ---> | deinterlace | ---> | scale | ---> | output |
149 |_______| |_____________| |_______| |________|
153 Note that some filters change frame properties but not frame contents. E.g. the
154 @code{fps} filter in the example above changes number of frames, but does not
155 touch the frame contents. Another example is the @code{setpts} filter, which
156 only sets timestamps and otherwise passes the frames unchanged.
158 @subsection Complex filtergraphs
159 Complex filtergraphs are those which cannot be described as simply a linear
160 processing chain applied to one stream. This is the case, for example, when the graph has
161 more than one input and/or output, or when output stream type is different from
162 input. They can be represented with the following diagram:
167 | input 0 |\ __________
169 \ _________ /| output 0 |
171 _________ \| complex | /
173 | input 1 |---->| filter |\
174 |_________| | | \ __________
177 _________ / |_________| |__________|
184 Complex filtergraphs are configured with the @option{-filter_complex} option.
185 Note that this option is global, since a complex filtergraph, by its nature,
186 cannot be unambiguously associated with a single stream or file.
188 The @option{-lavfi} option is equivalent to @option{-filter_complex}.
190 A trivial example of a complex filtergraph is the @code{overlay} filter, which
191 has two video inputs and one video output, containing one video overlaid on top
192 of the other. Its audio counterpart is the @code{amix} filter.
195 Stream copy is a mode selected by supplying the @code{copy} parameter to the
196 @option{-codec} option. It makes @command{ffmpeg} omit the decoding and encoding
197 step for the specified stream, so it does only demuxing and muxing. It is useful
198 for changing the container format or modifying container-level metadata. The
199 diagram above will, in this case, simplify to this:
202 _______ ______________ ________
204 | input | demuxer | encoded data | muxer | output |
205 | file | ---------> | packets | -------> | file |
206 |_______| |______________| |________|
210 Since there is no decoding or encoding, it is very fast and there is no quality
211 loss. However, it might not work in some cases because of many factors. Applying
212 filters is obviously also impossible, since filters work on uncompressed data.
214 @c man end DETAILED DESCRIPTION
216 @chapter Stream selection
217 @c man begin STREAM SELECTION
219 By default, @command{ffmpeg} includes only one stream of each type (video, audio, subtitle)
220 present in the input files and adds them to each output file. It picks the
221 "best" of each based upon the following criteria: for video, it is the stream
222 with the highest resolution, for audio, it is the stream with the most channels, for
223 subtitles, it is the first subtitle stream. In the case where several streams of
224 the same type rate equally, the stream with the lowest index is chosen.
226 You can disable some of those defaults by using the @code{-vn/-an/-sn/-dn} options. For
227 full manual control, use the @code{-map} option, which disables the defaults just
230 @c man end STREAM SELECTION
235 @include fftools-common-opts.texi
237 @section Main options
241 @item -f @var{fmt} (@emph{input/output})
242 Force input or output file format. The format is normally auto detected for input
243 files and guessed from the file extension for output files, so this option is not
244 needed in most cases.
246 @item -i @var{filename} (@emph{input})
249 @item -y (@emph{global})
250 Overwrite output files without asking.
252 @item -n (@emph{global})
253 Do not overwrite output files, and exit immediately if a specified
254 output file already exists.
256 @item -stream_loop @var{number} (@emph{input})
257 Set number of times input stream shall be looped. Loop 0 means no loop,
258 loop -1 means infinite loop.
260 @item -c[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
261 @itemx -codec[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
262 Select an encoder (when used before an output file) or a decoder (when used
263 before an input file) for one or more streams. @var{codec} is the name of a
264 decoder/encoder or a special value @code{copy} (output only) to indicate that
265 the stream is not to be re-encoded.
269 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c:v libx264 -c:a copy OUTPUT
271 encodes all video streams with libx264 and copies all audio streams.
273 For each stream, the last matching @code{c} option is applied, so
275 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c copy -c:v:1 libx264 -c:a:137 libvorbis OUTPUT
277 will copy all the streams except the second video, which will be encoded with
278 libx264, and the 138th audio, which will be encoded with libvorbis.
280 @item -t @var{duration} (@emph{input/output})
281 When used as an input option (before @code{-i}), limit the @var{duration} of
282 data read from the input file.
284 When used as an output option (before an output filename), stop writing the
285 output after its duration reaches @var{duration}.
287 @var{duration} must be a time duration specification,
288 see @ref{time duration syntax,,the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual,ffmpeg-utils}.
290 -to and -t are mutually exclusive and -t has priority.
292 @item -to @var{position} (@emph{output})
293 Stop writing the output at @var{position}.
294 @var{position} must be a time duration specification,
295 see @ref{time duration syntax,,the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual,ffmpeg-utils}.
297 -to and -t are mutually exclusive and -t has priority.
299 @item -fs @var{limit_size} (@emph{output})
300 Set the file size limit, expressed in bytes. No further chunk of bytes is written
301 after the limit is exceeded. The size of the output file is slightly more than the
304 @item -ss @var{position} (@emph{input/output})
305 When used as an input option (before @code{-i}), seeks in this input file to
306 @var{position}. Note that in most formats it is not possible to seek exactly,
307 so @command{ffmpeg} will seek to the closest seek point before @var{position}.
308 When transcoding and @option{-accurate_seek} is enabled (the default), this
309 extra segment between the seek point and @var{position} will be decoded and
310 discarded. When doing stream copy or when @option{-noaccurate_seek} is used, it
313 When used as an output option (before an output filename), decodes but discards
314 input until the timestamps reach @var{position}.
316 @var{position} must be a time duration specification,
317 see @ref{time duration syntax,,the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual,ffmpeg-utils}.
319 @item -sseof @var{position} (@emph{input/output})
321 Like the @code{-ss} option but relative to the "end of file". That is negative
322 values are earlier in the file, 0 is at EOF.
324 @item -itsoffset @var{offset} (@emph{input})
325 Set the input time offset.
327 @var{offset} must be a time duration specification,
328 see @ref{time duration syntax,,the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual,ffmpeg-utils}.
330 The offset is added to the timestamps of the input files. Specifying
331 a positive offset means that the corresponding streams are delayed by
332 the time duration specified in @var{offset}.
334 @item -timestamp @var{date} (@emph{output})
335 Set the recording timestamp in the container.
337 @var{date} must be a date specification,
338 see @ref{date syntax,,the Date section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual,ffmpeg-utils}.
340 @item -metadata[:metadata_specifier] @var{key}=@var{value} (@emph{output,per-metadata})
341 Set a metadata key/value pair.
343 An optional @var{metadata_specifier} may be given to set metadata
344 on streams, chapters or programs. See @code{-map_metadata}
345 documentation for details.
347 This option overrides metadata set with @code{-map_metadata}. It is
348 also possible to delete metadata by using an empty value.
350 For example, for setting the title in the output file:
352 ffmpeg -i in.avi -metadata title="my title" out.flv
355 To set the language of the first audio stream:
357 ffmpeg -i INPUT -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng OUTPUT
360 @item -program [title=@var{title}:][program_num=@var{program_num}:]st=@var{stream}[:st=@var{stream}...] (@emph{output})
362 Creates a program with the specified @var{title}, @var{program_num} and adds the specified
363 @var{stream}(s) to it.
365 @item -target @var{type} (@emph{output})
366 Specify target file type (@code{vcd}, @code{svcd}, @code{dvd}, @code{dv},
367 @code{dv50}). @var{type} may be prefixed with @code{pal-}, @code{ntsc-} or
368 @code{film-} to use the corresponding standard. All the format options
369 (bitrate, codecs, buffer sizes) are then set automatically. You can just type:
372 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd /tmp/vcd.mpg
375 Nevertheless you can specify additional options as long as you know
376 they do not conflict with the standard, as in:
379 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd -bf 2 /tmp/vcd.mpg
382 @item -dframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
383 Set the number of data frames to output. This is an alias for @code{-frames:d}.
385 @item -frames[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{framecount} (@emph{output,per-stream})
386 Stop writing to the stream after @var{framecount} frames.
388 @item -q[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{q} (@emph{output,per-stream})
389 @itemx -qscale[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{q} (@emph{output,per-stream})
390 Use fixed quality scale (VBR). The meaning of @var{q}/@var{qscale} is
392 If @var{qscale} is used without a @var{stream_specifier} then it applies only
393 to the video stream, this is to maintain compatibility with previous behavior
394 and as specifying the same codec specific value to 2 different codecs that is
395 audio and video generally is not what is intended when no stream_specifier is
398 @anchor{filter_option}
399 @item -filter[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{filtergraph} (@emph{output,per-stream})
400 Create the filtergraph specified by @var{filtergraph} and use it to
403 @var{filtergraph} is a description of the filtergraph to apply to
404 the stream, and must have a single input and a single output of the
405 same type of the stream. In the filtergraph, the input is associated
406 to the label @code{in}, and the output to the label @code{out}. See
407 the ffmpeg-filters manual for more information about the filtergraph
410 See the @ref{filter_complex_option,,-filter_complex option} if you
411 want to create filtergraphs with multiple inputs and/or outputs.
413 @item -filter_script[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{filename} (@emph{output,per-stream})
414 This option is similar to @option{-filter}, the only difference is that its
415 argument is the name of the file from which a filtergraph description is to be
418 @item -pre[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{preset_name} (@emph{output,per-stream})
419 Specify the preset for matching stream(s).
421 @item -stats (@emph{global})
422 Print encoding progress/statistics. It is on by default, to explicitly
423 disable it you need to specify @code{-nostats}.
425 @item -progress @var{url} (@emph{global})
426 Send program-friendly progress information to @var{url}.
428 Progress information is written approximately every second and at the end of
429 the encoding process. It is made of "@var{key}=@var{value}" lines. @var{key}
430 consists of only alphanumeric characters. The last key of a sequence of
431 progress information is always "progress".
434 Enable interaction on standard input. On by default unless standard input is
435 used as an input. To explicitly disable interaction you need to specify
438 Disabling interaction on standard input is useful, for example, if
439 ffmpeg is in the background process group. Roughly the same result can
440 be achieved with @code{ffmpeg ... < /dev/null} but it requires a
443 @item -debug_ts (@emph{global})
444 Print timestamp information. It is off by default. This option is
445 mostly useful for testing and debugging purposes, and the output
446 format may change from one version to another, so it should not be
447 employed by portable scripts.
449 See also the option @code{-fdebug ts}.
451 @item -attach @var{filename} (@emph{output})
452 Add an attachment to the output file. This is supported by a few formats
453 like Matroska for e.g. fonts used in rendering subtitles. Attachments
454 are implemented as a specific type of stream, so this option will add
455 a new stream to the file. It is then possible to use per-stream options
456 on this stream in the usual way. Attachment streams created with this
457 option will be created after all the other streams (i.e. those created
458 with @code{-map} or automatic mappings).
460 Note that for Matroska you also have to set the mimetype metadata tag:
462 ffmpeg -i INPUT -attach DejaVuSans.ttf -metadata:s:2 mimetype=application/x-truetype-font out.mkv
464 (assuming that the attachment stream will be third in the output file).
466 @item -dump_attachment[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{filename} (@emph{input,per-stream})
467 Extract the matching attachment stream into a file named @var{filename}. If
468 @var{filename} is empty, then the value of the @code{filename} metadata tag
471 E.g. to extract the first attachment to a file named 'out.ttf':
473 ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t:0 out.ttf -i INPUT
475 To extract all attachments to files determined by the @code{filename} tag:
477 ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t "" -i INPUT
480 Technical note -- attachments are implemented as codec extradata, so this
481 option can actually be used to extract extradata from any stream, not just
485 Disable automatically rotating video based on file metadata.
489 @section Video Options
492 @item -vframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
493 Set the number of video frames to output. This is an alias for @code{-frames:v}.
494 @item -r[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{fps} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
495 Set frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation).
497 As an input option, ignore any timestamps stored in the file and instead
498 generate timestamps assuming constant frame rate @var{fps}.
499 This is not the same as the @option{-framerate} option used for some input formats
500 like image2 or v4l2 (it used to be the same in older versions of FFmpeg).
501 If in doubt use @option{-framerate} instead of the input option @option{-r}.
503 As an output option, duplicate or drop input frames to achieve constant output
504 frame rate @var{fps}.
506 @item -s[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{size} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
509 As an input option, this is a shortcut for the @option{video_size} private
510 option, recognized by some demuxers for which the frame size is either not
511 stored in the file or is configurable -- e.g. raw video or video grabbers.
513 As an output option, this inserts the @code{scale} video filter to the
514 @emph{end} of the corresponding filtergraph. Please use the @code{scale} filter
515 directly to insert it at the beginning or some other place.
517 The format is @samp{wxh} (default - same as source).
519 @item -aspect[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{aspect} (@emph{output,per-stream})
520 Set the video display aspect ratio specified by @var{aspect}.
522 @var{aspect} can be a floating point number string, or a string of the
523 form @var{num}:@var{den}, where @var{num} and @var{den} are the
524 numerator and denominator of the aspect ratio. For example "4:3",
525 "16:9", "1.3333", and "1.7777" are valid argument values.
527 If used together with @option{-vcodec copy}, it will affect the aspect ratio
528 stored at container level, but not the aspect ratio stored in encoded
529 frames, if it exists.
531 @item -vn (@emph{output})
532 Disable video recording.
534 @item -vcodec @var{codec} (@emph{output})
535 Set the video codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:v}.
537 @item -pass[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{n} (@emph{output,per-stream})
538 Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is used to do two-pass
539 video encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first
540 pass into a log file (see also the option -passlogfile),
541 and in the second pass that log file is used to generate the video
542 at the exact requested bitrate.
543 On pass 1, you may just deactivate audio and set output to null,
544 examples for Windows and Unix:
546 ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y NUL
547 ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y /dev/null
550 @item -passlogfile[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{prefix} (@emph{output,per-stream})
551 Set two-pass log file name prefix to @var{prefix}, the default file name
552 prefix is ``ffmpeg2pass''. The complete file name will be
553 @file{PREFIX-N.log}, where N is a number specific to the output
556 @item -vf @var{filtergraph} (@emph{output})
557 Create the filtergraph specified by @var{filtergraph} and use it to
560 This is an alias for @code{-filter:v}, see the @ref{filter_option,,-filter option}.
563 @section Advanced Video options
566 @item -pix_fmt[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{format} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
567 Set pixel format. Use @code{-pix_fmts} to show all the supported
569 If the selected pixel format can not be selected, ffmpeg will print a
570 warning and select the best pixel format supported by the encoder.
571 If @var{pix_fmt} is prefixed by a @code{+}, ffmpeg will exit with an error
572 if the requested pixel format can not be selected, and automatic conversions
573 inside filtergraphs are disabled.
574 If @var{pix_fmt} is a single @code{+}, ffmpeg selects the same pixel format
575 as the input (or graph output) and automatic conversions are disabled.
577 @item -sws_flags @var{flags} (@emph{input/output})
582 @item -rc_override[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{override} (@emph{output,per-stream})
583 Rate control override for specific intervals, formatted as "int,int,int"
584 list separated with slashes. Two first values are the beginning and
585 end frame numbers, last one is quantizer to use if positive, or quality
589 Force interlacing support in encoder (MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 only).
590 Use this option if your input file is interlaced and you want
591 to keep the interlaced format for minimum losses.
592 The alternative is to deinterlace the input stream with
593 @option{-deinterlace}, but deinterlacing introduces losses.
595 Calculate PSNR of compressed frames.
597 Dump video coding statistics to @file{vstats_HHMMSS.log}.
598 @item -vstats_file @var{file}
599 Dump video coding statistics to @var{file}.
600 @item -top[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{n} (@emph{output,per-stream})
601 top=1/bottom=0/auto=-1 field first
602 @item -dc @var{precision}
604 @item -vtag @var{fourcc/tag} (@emph{output})
605 Force video tag/fourcc. This is an alias for @code{-tag:v}.
606 @item -qphist (@emph{global})
608 @item -vbsf @var{bitstream_filter}
611 @item -force_key_frames[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{time}[,@var{time}...] (@emph{output,per-stream})
612 @item -force_key_frames[:@var{stream_specifier}] expr:@var{expr} (@emph{output,per-stream})
613 Force key frames at the specified timestamps, more precisely at the first
614 frames after each specified time.
616 If the argument is prefixed with @code{expr:}, the string @var{expr}
617 is interpreted like an expression and is evaluated for each frame. A
618 key frame is forced in case the evaluation is non-zero.
620 If one of the times is "@code{chapters}[@var{delta}]", it is expanded into
621 the time of the beginning of all chapters in the file, shifted by
622 @var{delta}, expressed as a time in seconds.
623 This option can be useful to ensure that a seek point is present at a
624 chapter mark or any other designated place in the output file.
626 For example, to insert a key frame at 5 minutes, plus key frames 0.1 second
627 before the beginning of every chapter:
629 -force_key_frames 0:05:00,chapters-0.1
632 The expression in @var{expr} can contain the following constants:
635 the number of current processed frame, starting from 0
637 the number of forced frames
639 the number of the previous forced frame, it is @code{NAN} when no
640 keyframe was forced yet
642 the time of the previous forced frame, it is @code{NAN} when no
643 keyframe was forced yet
645 the time of the current processed frame
648 For example to force a key frame every 5 seconds, you can specify:
650 -force_key_frames expr:gte(t,n_forced*5)
653 To force a key frame 5 seconds after the time of the last forced one,
654 starting from second 13:
656 -force_key_frames expr:if(isnan(prev_forced_t),gte(t,13),gte(t,prev_forced_t+5))
659 Note that forcing too many keyframes is very harmful for the lookahead
660 algorithms of certain encoders: using fixed-GOP options or similar
661 would be more efficient.
663 @item -copyinkf[:@var{stream_specifier}] (@emph{output,per-stream})
664 When doing stream copy, copy also non-key frames found at the
667 @item -hwaccel[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{hwaccel} (@emph{input,per-stream})
668 Use hardware acceleration to decode the matching stream(s). The allowed values
669 of @var{hwaccel} are:
672 Do not use any hardware acceleration (the default).
675 Automatically select the hardware acceleration method.
678 Use Apple VDA hardware acceleration.
681 Use VDPAU (Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix) hardware acceleration.
684 Use DXVA2 (DirectX Video Acceleration) hardware acceleration.
687 Use the Intel QuickSync Video acceleration for video transcoding.
689 Unlike most other values, this option does not enable accelerated decoding (that
690 is used automatically whenever a qsv decoder is selected), but accelerated
691 transcoding, without copying the frames into the system memory.
693 For it to work, both the decoder and the encoder must support QSV acceleration
694 and no filters must be used.
697 This option has no effect if the selected hwaccel is not available or not
698 supported by the chosen decoder.
700 Note that most acceleration methods are intended for playback and will not be
701 faster than software decoding on modern CPUs. Additionally, @command{ffmpeg}
702 will usually need to copy the decoded frames from the GPU memory into the system
703 memory, resulting in further performance loss. This option is thus mainly
706 @item -hwaccel_device[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{hwaccel_device} (@emph{input,per-stream})
707 Select a device to use for hardware acceleration.
709 This option only makes sense when the @option{-hwaccel} option is also
710 specified. Its exact meaning depends on the specific hardware acceleration
715 For VDPAU, this option specifies the X11 display/screen to use. If this option
716 is not specified, the value of the @var{DISPLAY} environment variable is used
719 For DXVA2, this option should contain the number of the display adapter to use.
720 If this option is not specified, the default adapter is used.
723 For QSV, this option corresponds to the values of MFX_IMPL_* . Allowed values
738 List all hardware acceleration methods supported in this build of ffmpeg.
742 @section Audio Options
745 @item -aframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
746 Set the number of audio frames to output. This is an alias for @code{-frames:a}.
747 @item -ar[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{freq} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
748 Set the audio sampling frequency. For output streams it is set by
749 default to the frequency of the corresponding input stream. For input
750 streams this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw
751 demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.
752 @item -aq @var{q} (@emph{output})
753 Set the audio quality (codec-specific, VBR). This is an alias for -q:a.
754 @item -ac[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{channels} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
755 Set the number of audio channels. For output streams it is set by
756 default to the number of input audio channels. For input streams
757 this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw demuxers
758 and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.
759 @item -an (@emph{output})
760 Disable audio recording.
761 @item -acodec @var{codec} (@emph{input/output})
762 Set the audio codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:a}.
763 @item -sample_fmt[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{sample_fmt} (@emph{output,per-stream})
764 Set the audio sample format. Use @code{-sample_fmts} to get a list
765 of supported sample formats.
767 @item -af @var{filtergraph} (@emph{output})
768 Create the filtergraph specified by @var{filtergraph} and use it to
771 This is an alias for @code{-filter:a}, see the @ref{filter_option,,-filter option}.
774 @section Advanced Audio options
777 @item -atag @var{fourcc/tag} (@emph{output})
778 Force audio tag/fourcc. This is an alias for @code{-tag:a}.
779 @item -absf @var{bitstream_filter}
781 @item -guess_layout_max @var{channels} (@emph{input,per-stream})
782 If some input channel layout is not known, try to guess only if it
783 corresponds to at most the specified number of channels. For example, 2
784 tells to @command{ffmpeg} to recognize 1 channel as mono and 2 channels as
785 stereo but not 6 channels as 5.1. The default is to always try to guess. Use
786 0 to disable all guessing.
789 @section Subtitle options
792 @item -scodec @var{codec} (@emph{input/output})
793 Set the subtitle codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:s}.
794 @item -sn (@emph{output})
795 Disable subtitle recording.
796 @item -sbsf @var{bitstream_filter}
800 @section Advanced Subtitle options
804 @item -fix_sub_duration
805 Fix subtitles durations. For each subtitle, wait for the next packet in the
806 same stream and adjust the duration of the first to avoid overlap. This is
807 necessary with some subtitles codecs, especially DVB subtitles, because the
808 duration in the original packet is only a rough estimate and the end is
809 actually marked by an empty subtitle frame. Failing to use this option when
810 necessary can result in exaggerated durations or muxing failures due to
811 non-monotonic timestamps.
813 Note that this option will delay the output of all data until the next
814 subtitle packet is decoded: it may increase memory consumption and latency a
817 @item -canvas_size @var{size}
818 Set the size of the canvas used to render subtitles.
822 @section Advanced options
825 @item -map [-]@var{input_file_id}[:@var{stream_specifier}][,@var{sync_file_id}[:@var{stream_specifier}]] | @var{[linklabel]} (@emph{output})
827 Designate one or more input streams as a source for the output file. Each input
828 stream is identified by the input file index @var{input_file_id} and
829 the input stream index @var{input_stream_id} within the input
830 file. Both indices start at 0. If specified,
831 @var{sync_file_id}:@var{stream_specifier} sets which input stream
832 is used as a presentation sync reference.
834 The first @code{-map} option on the command line specifies the
835 source for output stream 0, the second @code{-map} option specifies
836 the source for output stream 1, etc.
838 A @code{-} character before the stream identifier creates a "negative" mapping.
839 It disables matching streams from already created mappings.
841 An alternative @var{[linklabel]} form will map outputs from complex filter
842 graphs (see the @option{-filter_complex} option) to the output file.
843 @var{linklabel} must correspond to a defined output link label in the graph.
845 For example, to map ALL streams from the first input file to output
847 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 output
850 For example, if you have two audio streams in the first input file,
851 these streams are identified by "0:0" and "0:1". You can use
852 @code{-map} to select which streams to place in an output file. For
855 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:1 out.wav
857 will map the input stream in @file{INPUT} identified by "0:1" to
858 the (single) output stream in @file{out.wav}.
860 For example, to select the stream with index 2 from input file
861 @file{a.mov} (specified by the identifier "0:2"), and stream with
862 index 6 from input @file{b.mov} (specified by the identifier "1:6"),
863 and copy them to the output file @file{out.mov}:
865 ffmpeg -i a.mov -i b.mov -c copy -map 0:2 -map 1:6 out.mov
868 To select all video and the third audio stream from an input file:
870 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:v -map 0:a:2 OUTPUT
873 To map all the streams except the second audio, use negative mappings
875 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -map -0:a:1 OUTPUT
878 To pick the English audio stream:
880 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:m:language:eng OUTPUT
883 Note that using this option disables the default mappings for this output file.
885 @item -ignore_unknown
886 Ignore input streams with unknown type instead of failing if copying
887 such streams is attempted.
890 Allow input streams with unknown type to be copied instead of failing if copying
891 such streams is attempted.
893 @item -map_channel [@var{input_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier}.@var{channel_id}|-1][:@var{output_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier}]
894 Map an audio channel from a given input to an output. If
895 @var{output_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier} is not set, the audio channel will
896 be mapped on all the audio streams.
898 Using "-1" instead of
899 @var{input_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier}.@var{channel_id} will map a muted
902 For example, assuming @var{INPUT} is a stereo audio file, you can switch the
903 two audio channels with the following command:
905 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.1 -map_channel 0.0.0 OUTPUT
908 If you want to mute the first channel and keep the second:
910 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel -1 -map_channel 0.0.1 OUTPUT
913 The order of the "-map_channel" option specifies the order of the channels in
914 the output stream. The output channel layout is guessed from the number of
915 channels mapped (mono if one "-map_channel", stereo if two, etc.). Using "-ac"
916 in combination of "-map_channel" makes the channel gain levels to be updated if
917 input and output channel layouts don't match (for instance two "-map_channel"
918 options and "-ac 6").
920 You can also extract each channel of an input to specific outputs; the following
921 command extracts two channels of the @var{INPUT} audio stream (file 0, stream 0)
922 to the respective @var{OUTPUT_CH0} and @var{OUTPUT_CH1} outputs:
924 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.0 OUTPUT_CH0 -map_channel 0.0.1 OUTPUT_CH1
927 The following example splits the channels of a stereo input into two separate
928 streams, which are put into the same output file:
930 ffmpeg -i stereo.wav -map 0:0 -map 0:0 -map_channel 0.0.0:0.0 -map_channel 0.0.1:0.1 -y out.ogg
933 Note that currently each output stream can only contain channels from a single
934 input stream; you can't for example use "-map_channel" to pick multiple input
935 audio channels contained in different streams (from the same or different files)
936 and merge them into a single output stream. It is therefore not currently
937 possible, for example, to turn two separate mono streams into a single stereo
938 stream. However splitting a stereo stream into two single channel mono streams
941 If you need this feature, a possible workaround is to use the @emph{amerge}
942 filter. For example, if you need to merge a media (here @file{input.mkv}) with 2
943 mono audio streams into one single stereo channel audio stream (and keep the
944 video stream), you can use the following command:
946 ffmpeg -i input.mkv -filter_complex "[0:1] [0:2] amerge" -c:a pcm_s16le -c:v copy output.mkv
949 @item -map_metadata[:@var{metadata_spec_out}] @var{infile}[:@var{metadata_spec_in}] (@emph{output,per-metadata})
950 Set metadata information of the next output file from @var{infile}. Note that
951 those are file indices (zero-based), not filenames.
952 Optional @var{metadata_spec_in/out} parameters specify, which metadata to copy.
953 A metadata specifier can have the following forms:
956 global metadata, i.e. metadata that applies to the whole file
958 @item @var{s}[:@var{stream_spec}]
959 per-stream metadata. @var{stream_spec} is a stream specifier as described
960 in the @ref{Stream specifiers} chapter. In an input metadata specifier, the first
961 matching stream is copied from. In an output metadata specifier, all matching
962 streams are copied to.
964 @item @var{c}:@var{chapter_index}
965 per-chapter metadata. @var{chapter_index} is the zero-based chapter index.
967 @item @var{p}:@var{program_index}
968 per-program metadata. @var{program_index} is the zero-based program index.
970 If metadata specifier is omitted, it defaults to global.
972 By default, global metadata is copied from the first input file,
973 per-stream and per-chapter metadata is copied along with streams/chapters. These
974 default mappings are disabled by creating any mapping of the relevant type. A negative
975 file index can be used to create a dummy mapping that just disables automatic copying.
977 For example to copy metadata from the first stream of the input file to global metadata
980 ffmpeg -i in.ogg -map_metadata 0:s:0 out.mp3
983 To do the reverse, i.e. copy global metadata to all audio streams:
985 ffmpeg -i in.mkv -map_metadata:s:a 0:g out.mkv
987 Note that simple @code{0} would work as well in this example, since global
988 metadata is assumed by default.
990 @item -map_chapters @var{input_file_index} (@emph{output})
991 Copy chapters from input file with index @var{input_file_index} to the next
992 output file. If no chapter mapping is specified, then chapters are copied from
993 the first input file with at least one chapter. Use a negative file index to
994 disable any chapter copying.
996 @item -benchmark (@emph{global})
997 Show benchmarking information at the end of an encode.
998 Shows CPU time used and maximum memory consumption.
999 Maximum memory consumption is not supported on all systems,
1000 it will usually display as 0 if not supported.
1001 @item -benchmark_all (@emph{global})
1002 Show benchmarking information during the encode.
1003 Shows CPU time used in various steps (audio/video encode/decode).
1004 @item -timelimit @var{duration} (@emph{global})
1005 Exit after ffmpeg has been running for @var{duration} seconds.
1006 @item -dump (@emph{global})
1007 Dump each input packet to stderr.
1008 @item -hex (@emph{global})
1009 When dumping packets, also dump the payload.
1010 @item -re (@emph{input})
1011 Read input at native frame rate. Mainly used to simulate a grab device,
1012 or live input stream (e.g. when reading from a file). Should not be used
1013 with actual grab devices or live input streams (where it can cause packet
1015 By default @command{ffmpeg} attempts to read the input(s) as fast as possible.
1016 This option will slow down the reading of the input(s) to the native frame rate
1017 of the input(s). It is useful for real-time output (e.g. live streaming).
1019 Loop over the input stream. Currently it works only for image
1020 streams. This option is used for automatic FFserver testing.
1021 This option is deprecated, use -loop 1.
1022 @item -loop_output @var{number_of_times}
1023 Repeatedly loop output for formats that support looping such as animated GIF
1024 (0 will loop the output infinitely).
1025 This option is deprecated, use -loop.
1026 @item -vsync @var{parameter}
1028 For compatibility reasons old values can be specified as numbers.
1029 Newly added values will have to be specified as strings always.
1032 @item 0, passthrough
1033 Each frame is passed with its timestamp from the demuxer to the muxer.
1035 Frames will be duplicated and dropped to achieve exactly the requested
1036 constant frame rate.
1038 Frames are passed through with their timestamp or dropped so as to
1039 prevent 2 frames from having the same timestamp.
1041 As passthrough but destroys all timestamps, making the muxer generate
1042 fresh timestamps based on frame-rate.
1044 Chooses between 1 and 2 depending on muxer capabilities. This is the
1048 Note that the timestamps may be further modified by the muxer, after this.
1049 For example, in the case that the format option @option{avoid_negative_ts}
1052 With -map you can select from which stream the timestamps should be
1053 taken. You can leave either video or audio unchanged and sync the
1054 remaining stream(s) to the unchanged one.
1056 @item -frame_drop_threshold @var{parameter}
1057 Frame drop threshold, which specifies how much behind video frames can
1058 be before they are dropped. In frame rate units, so 1.0 is one frame.
1059 The default is -1.1. One possible usecase is to avoid framedrops in case
1060 of noisy timestamps or to increase frame drop precision in case of exact
1063 @item -async @var{samples_per_second}
1064 Audio sync method. "Stretches/squeezes" the audio stream to match the timestamps,
1065 the parameter is the maximum samples per second by which the audio is changed.
1066 -async 1 is a special case where only the start of the audio stream is corrected
1067 without any later correction.
1069 Note that the timestamps may be further modified by the muxer, after this.
1070 For example, in the case that the format option @option{avoid_negative_ts}
1073 This option has been deprecated. Use the @code{aresample} audio filter instead.
1076 Do not process input timestamps, but keep their values without trying
1077 to sanitize them. In particular, do not remove the initial start time
1080 Note that, depending on the @option{vsync} option or on specific muxer
1081 processing (e.g. in case the format option @option{avoid_negative_ts}
1082 is enabled) the output timestamps may mismatch with the input
1083 timestamps even when this option is selected.
1085 @item -start_at_zero
1086 When used with @option{copyts}, shift input timestamps so they start at zero.
1088 This means that using e.g. @code{-ss 50} will make output timestamps start at
1089 50 seconds, regardless of what timestamp the input file started at.
1091 @item -copytb @var{mode}
1092 Specify how to set the encoder timebase when stream copying. @var{mode} is an
1093 integer numeric value, and can assume one of the following values:
1097 Use the demuxer timebase.
1099 The time base is copied to the output encoder from the corresponding input
1100 demuxer. This is sometimes required to avoid non monotonically increasing
1101 timestamps when copying video streams with variable frame rate.
1104 Use the decoder timebase.
1106 The time base is copied to the output encoder from the corresponding input
1110 Try to make the choice automatically, in order to generate a sane output.
1113 Default value is -1.
1115 @item -shortest (@emph{output})
1116 Finish encoding when the shortest input stream ends.
1117 @item -dts_delta_threshold
1118 Timestamp discontinuity delta threshold.
1119 @item -muxdelay @var{seconds} (@emph{input})
1120 Set the maximum demux-decode delay.
1121 @item -muxpreload @var{seconds} (@emph{input})
1122 Set the initial demux-decode delay.
1123 @item -streamid @var{output-stream-index}:@var{new-value} (@emph{output})
1124 Assign a new stream-id value to an output stream. This option should be
1125 specified prior to the output filename to which it applies.
1126 For the situation where multiple output files exist, a streamid
1127 may be reassigned to a different value.
1129 For example, to set the stream 0 PID to 33 and the stream 1 PID to 36 for
1130 an output mpegts file:
1132 ffmpeg -i infile -streamid 0:33 -streamid 1:36 out.ts
1135 @item -bsf[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{bitstream_filters} (@emph{output,per-stream})
1136 Set bitstream filters for matching streams. @var{bitstream_filters} is
1137 a comma-separated list of bitstream filters. Use the @code{-bsfs} option
1138 to get the list of bitstream filters.
1140 ffmpeg -i h264.mp4 -c:v copy -bsf:v h264_mp4toannexb -an out.h264
1143 ffmpeg -i file.mov -an -vn -bsf:s mov2textsub -c:s copy -f rawvideo sub.txt
1146 @item -tag[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec_tag} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
1147 Force a tag/fourcc for matching streams.
1149 @item -timecode @var{hh}:@var{mm}:@var{ss}SEP@var{ff}
1150 Specify Timecode for writing. @var{SEP} is ':' for non drop timecode and ';'
1153 ffmpeg -i input.mpg -timecode 01:02:03.04 -r 30000/1001 -s ntsc output.mpg
1156 @anchor{filter_complex_option}
1157 @item -filter_complex @var{filtergraph} (@emph{global})
1158 Define a complex filtergraph, i.e. one with arbitrary number of inputs and/or
1159 outputs. For simple graphs -- those with one input and one output of the same
1160 type -- see the @option{-filter} options. @var{filtergraph} is a description of
1161 the filtergraph, as described in the ``Filtergraph syntax'' section of the
1162 ffmpeg-filters manual.
1164 Input link labels must refer to input streams using the
1165 @code{[file_index:stream_specifier]} syntax (i.e. the same as @option{-map}
1166 uses). If @var{stream_specifier} matches multiple streams, the first one will be
1167 used. An unlabeled input will be connected to the first unused input stream of
1170 Output link labels are referred to with @option{-map}. Unlabeled outputs are
1171 added to the first output file.
1173 Note that with this option it is possible to use only lavfi sources without
1176 For example, to overlay an image over video
1178 ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex '[0:v][1:v]overlay[out]' -map
1181 Here @code{[0:v]} refers to the first video stream in the first input file,
1182 which is linked to the first (main) input of the overlay filter. Similarly the
1183 first video stream in the second input is linked to the second (overlay) input
1186 Assuming there is only one video stream in each input file, we can omit input
1187 labels, so the above is equivalent to
1189 ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex 'overlay[out]' -map
1193 Furthermore we can omit the output label and the single output from the filter
1194 graph will be added to the output file automatically, so we can simply write
1196 ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex 'overlay' out.mkv
1199 To generate 5 seconds of pure red video using lavfi @code{color} source:
1201 ffmpeg -filter_complex 'color=c=red' -t 5 out.mkv
1204 @item -lavfi @var{filtergraph} (@emph{global})
1205 Define a complex filtergraph, i.e. one with arbitrary number of inputs and/or
1206 outputs. Equivalent to @option{-filter_complex}.
1208 @item -filter_complex_script @var{filename} (@emph{global})
1209 This option is similar to @option{-filter_complex}, the only difference is that
1210 its argument is the name of the file from which a complex filtergraph
1211 description is to be read.
1213 @item -accurate_seek (@emph{input})
1214 This option enables or disables accurate seeking in input files with the
1215 @option{-ss} option. It is enabled by default, so seeking is accurate when
1216 transcoding. Use @option{-noaccurate_seek} to disable it, which may be useful
1217 e.g. when copying some streams and transcoding the others.
1219 @item -seek_timestamp (@emph{input})
1220 This option enables or disables seeking by timestamp in input files with the
1221 @option{-ss} option. It is disabled by default. If enabled, the argument
1222 to the @option{-ss} option is considered an actual timestamp, and is not
1223 offset by the start time of the file. This matters only for files which do
1224 not start from timestamp 0, such as transport streams.
1226 @item -thread_queue_size @var{size} (@emph{input})
1227 This option sets the maximum number of queued packets when reading from the
1228 file or device. With low latency / high rate live streams, packets may be
1229 discarded if they are not read in a timely manner; raising this value can
1232 @item -override_ffserver (@emph{global})
1233 Overrides the input specifications from @command{ffserver}. Using this
1234 option you can map any input stream to @command{ffserver} and control
1235 many aspects of the encoding from @command{ffmpeg}. Without this
1236 option @command{ffmpeg} will transmit to @command{ffserver} what is
1237 requested by @command{ffserver}.
1239 The option is intended for cases where features are needed that cannot be
1240 specified to @command{ffserver} but can be to @command{ffmpeg}.
1242 @item -sdp_file @var{file} (@emph{global})
1243 Print sdp information for an output stream to @var{file}.
1244 This allows dumping sdp information when at least one output isn't an
1245 rtp stream. (Requires at least one of the output formats to be rtp).
1247 @item -discard (@emph{input})
1248 Allows discarding specific streams or frames of streams at the demuxer.
1249 Not all demuxers support this.
1256 Default, which discards no frames.
1259 Discard all non-reference frames.
1262 Discard all bidirectional frames.
1265 Discard all frames excepts keyframes.
1271 @item -abort_on @var{flags} (@emph{global})
1272 Stop and abort on various conditions. The following flags are available:
1276 No packets were passed to the muxer, the output is empty.
1279 @item -xerror (@emph{global})
1280 Stop and exit on error
1282 @item -max_muxing_queue_size @var{packets} (@emph{output,per-stream})
1283 When transcoding audio and/or video streams, ffmpeg will not begin writing into
1284 the output until it has one packet for each such stream. While waiting for that
1285 to happen, packets for other streams are buffered. This option sets the size of
1286 this buffer, in packets, for the matching output stream.
1288 The default value of this option should be high enough for most uses, so only
1289 touch this option if you are sure that you need it.
1293 As a special exception, you can use a bitmap subtitle stream as input: it
1294 will be converted into a video with the same size as the largest video in
1295 the file, or 720x576 if no video is present. Note that this is an
1296 experimental and temporary solution. It will be removed once libavfilter has
1297 proper support for subtitles.
1299 For example, to hardcode subtitles on top of a DVB-T recording stored in
1300 MPEG-TS format, delaying the subtitles by 1 second:
1302 ffmpeg -i input.ts -filter_complex \
1303 '[#0x2ef] setpts=PTS+1/TB [sub] ; [#0x2d0] [sub] overlay' \
1304 -sn -map '#0x2dc' output.mkv
1306 (0x2d0, 0x2dc and 0x2ef are the MPEG-TS PIDs of respectively the video,
1307 audio and subtitles streams; 0:0, 0:3 and 0:7 would have worked too)
1309 @section Preset files
1310 A preset file contains a sequence of @var{option}=@var{value} pairs,
1311 one for each line, specifying a sequence of options which would be
1312 awkward to specify on the command line. Lines starting with the hash
1313 ('#') character are ignored and are used to provide comments. Check
1314 the @file{presets} directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples.
1316 There are two types of preset files: ffpreset and avpreset files.
1318 @subsection ffpreset files
1319 ffpreset files are specified with the @code{vpre}, @code{apre},
1320 @code{spre}, and @code{fpre} options. The @code{fpre} option takes the
1321 filename of the preset instead of a preset name as input and can be
1322 used for any kind of codec. For the @code{vpre}, @code{apre}, and
1323 @code{spre} options, the options specified in a preset file are
1324 applied to the currently selected codec of the same type as the preset
1327 The argument passed to the @code{vpre}, @code{apre}, and @code{spre}
1328 preset options identifies the preset file to use according to the
1331 First ffmpeg searches for a file named @var{arg}.ffpreset in the
1332 directories @file{$FFMPEG_DATADIR} (if set), and @file{$HOME/.ffmpeg}, and in
1333 the datadir defined at configuration time (usually @file{PREFIX/share/ffmpeg})
1334 or in a @file{ffpresets} folder along the executable on win32,
1335 in that order. For example, if the argument is @code{libvpx-1080p}, it will
1336 search for the file @file{libvpx-1080p.ffpreset}.
1338 If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named
1339 @var{codec_name}-@var{arg}.ffpreset in the above-mentioned
1340 directories, where @var{codec_name} is the name of the codec to which
1341 the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select
1342 the video codec with @code{-vcodec libvpx} and use @code{-vpre 1080p},
1343 then it will search for the file @file{libvpx-1080p.ffpreset}.
1345 @subsection avpreset files
1346 avpreset files are specified with the @code{pre} option. They work similar to
1347 ffpreset files, but they only allow encoder- specific options. Therefore, an
1348 @var{option}=@var{value} pair specifying an encoder cannot be used.
1350 When the @code{pre} option is specified, ffmpeg will look for files with the
1351 suffix .avpreset in the directories @file{$AVCONV_DATADIR} (if set), and
1352 @file{$HOME/.avconv}, and in the datadir defined at configuration time (usually
1353 @file{PREFIX/share/ffmpeg}), in that order.
1355 First ffmpeg searches for a file named @var{codec_name}-@var{arg}.avpreset in
1356 the above-mentioned directories, where @var{codec_name} is the name of the codec
1357 to which the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select the
1358 video codec with @code{-vcodec libvpx} and use @code{-pre 1080p}, then it will
1359 search for the file @file{libvpx-1080p.avpreset}.
1361 If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named
1362 @var{arg}.avpreset in the same directories.
1367 @c man begin EXAMPLES
1369 @section Video and Audio grabbing
1371 If you specify the input format and device then ffmpeg can grab video
1375 ffmpeg -f oss -i /dev/dsp -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg
1378 Or with an ALSA audio source (mono input, card id 1) instead of OSS:
1380 ffmpeg -f alsa -ac 1 -i hw:1 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg
1383 Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before
1384 launching ffmpeg with any TV viewer such as
1385 @uref{http://linux.bytesex.org/xawtv/, xawtv} by Gerd Knorr. You also
1386 have to set the audio recording levels correctly with a
1389 @section X11 grabbing
1391 Grab the X11 display with ffmpeg via
1394 ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size cif -framerate 25 -i :0.0 /tmp/out.mpg
1397 0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as
1398 the DISPLAY environment variable.
1401 ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size cif -framerate 25 -i :0.0+10,20 /tmp/out.mpg
1404 0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment
1405 variable. 10 is the x-offset and 20 the y-offset for the grabbing.
1407 @section Video and Audio file format conversion
1409 Any supported file format and protocol can serve as input to ffmpeg:
1414 You can use YUV files as input:
1417 ffmpeg -i /tmp/test%d.Y /tmp/out.mpg
1420 It will use the files:
1422 /tmp/test0.Y, /tmp/test0.U, /tmp/test0.V,
1423 /tmp/test1.Y, /tmp/test1.U, /tmp/test1.V, etc...
1426 The Y files use twice the resolution of the U and V files. They are
1427 raw files, without header. They can be generated by all decent video
1428 decoders. You must specify the size of the image with the @option{-s} option
1429 if ffmpeg cannot guess it.
1432 You can input from a raw YUV420P file:
1435 ffmpeg -i /tmp/test.yuv /tmp/out.avi
1438 test.yuv is a file containing raw YUV planar data. Each frame is composed
1439 of the Y plane followed by the U and V planes at half vertical and
1440 horizontal resolution.
1443 You can output to a raw YUV420P file:
1446 ffmpeg -i mydivx.avi hugefile.yuv
1450 You can set several input files and output files:
1453 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -s 640x480 -i /tmp/a.yuv /tmp/a.mpg
1456 Converts the audio file a.wav and the raw YUV video file a.yuv
1460 You can also do audio and video conversions at the same time:
1463 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2
1466 Converts a.wav to MPEG audio at 22050 Hz sample rate.
1469 You can encode to several formats at the same time and define a
1470 mapping from input stream to output streams:
1473 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -map 0:a -b:a 64k /tmp/a.mp2 -map 0:a -b:a 128k /tmp/b.mp2
1476 Converts a.wav to a.mp2 at 64 kbits and to b.mp2 at 128 kbits. '-map
1477 file:index' specifies which input stream is used for each output
1478 stream, in the order of the definition of output streams.
1481 You can transcode decrypted VOBs:
1484 ffmpeg -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -c:v mpeg4 -b:v 800k -g 300 -bf 2 -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k snatch.avi
1487 This is a typical DVD ripping example; the input is a VOB file, the
1488 output an AVI file with MPEG-4 video and MP3 audio. Note that in this
1489 command we use B-frames so the MPEG-4 stream is DivX5 compatible, and
1490 GOP size is 300 which means one intra frame every 10 seconds for 29.97fps
1491 input video. Furthermore, the audio stream is MP3-encoded so you need
1492 to enable LAME support by passing @code{--enable-libmp3lame} to configure.
1493 The mapping is particularly useful for DVD transcoding
1494 to get the desired audio language.
1496 NOTE: To see the supported input formats, use @code{ffmpeg -formats}.
1499 You can extract images from a video, or create a video from many images:
1501 For extracting images from a video:
1503 ffmpeg -i foo.avi -r 1 -s WxH -f image2 foo-%03d.jpeg
1506 This will extract one video frame per second from the video and will
1507 output them in files named @file{foo-001.jpeg}, @file{foo-002.jpeg},
1508 etc. Images will be rescaled to fit the new WxH values.
1510 If you want to extract just a limited number of frames, you can use the
1511 above command in combination with the -vframes or -t option, or in
1512 combination with -ss to start extracting from a certain point in time.
1514 For creating a video from many images:
1516 ffmpeg -f image2 -framerate 12 -i foo-%03d.jpeg -s WxH foo.avi
1519 The syntax @code{foo-%03d.jpeg} specifies to use a decimal number
1520 composed of three digits padded with zeroes to express the sequence
1521 number. It is the same syntax supported by the C printf function, but
1522 only formats accepting a normal integer are suitable.
1524 When importing an image sequence, -i also supports expanding
1525 shell-like wildcard patterns (globbing) internally, by selecting the
1526 image2-specific @code{-pattern_type glob} option.
1528 For example, for creating a video from filenames matching the glob pattern
1531 ffmpeg -f image2 -pattern_type glob -framerate 12 -i 'foo-*.jpeg' -s WxH foo.avi
1535 You can put many streams of the same type in the output:
1538 ffmpeg -i test1.avi -i test2.avi -map 1:1 -map 1:0 -map 0:1 -map 0:0 -c copy -y test12.nut
1541 The resulting output file @file{test12.nut} will contain the first four streams
1542 from the input files in reverse order.
1545 To force CBR video output:
1547 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -b 4000k -minrate 4000k -maxrate 4000k -bufsize 1835k out.m2v
1551 The four options lmin, lmax, mblmin and mblmax use 'lambda' units,
1552 but you may use the QP2LAMBDA constant to easily convert from 'q' units:
1554 ffmpeg -i src.ext -lmax 21*QP2LAMBDA dst.ext
1560 @include config.texi
1562 @ifset config-avutil
1565 @ifset config-avcodec
1566 @include codecs.texi
1567 @include bitstream_filters.texi
1569 @ifset config-avformat
1570 @include formats.texi
1571 @include protocols.texi
1573 @ifset config-avdevice
1574 @include devices.texi
1576 @ifset config-swresample
1577 @include resampler.texi
1579 @ifset config-swscale
1580 @include scaler.texi
1582 @ifset config-avfilter
1583 @include filters.texi
1591 @url{ffmpeg.html,ffmpeg}
1593 @ifset config-not-all
1594 @url{ffmpeg-all.html,ffmpeg-all},
1596 @url{ffplay.html,ffplay}, @url{ffprobe.html,ffprobe}, @url{ffserver.html,ffserver},
1597 @url{ffmpeg-utils.html,ffmpeg-utils},
1598 @url{ffmpeg-scaler.html,ffmpeg-scaler},
1599 @url{ffmpeg-resampler.html,ffmpeg-resampler},
1600 @url{ffmpeg-codecs.html,ffmpeg-codecs},
1601 @url{ffmpeg-bitstream-filters.html,ffmpeg-bitstream-filters},
1602 @url{ffmpeg-formats.html,ffmpeg-formats},
1603 @url{ffmpeg-devices.html,ffmpeg-devices},
1604 @url{ffmpeg-protocols.html,ffmpeg-protocols},
1605 @url{ffmpeg-filters.html,ffmpeg-filters}
1612 @ifset config-not-all
1615 ffplay(1), ffprobe(1), ffserver(1),
1616 ffmpeg-utils(1), ffmpeg-scaler(1), ffmpeg-resampler(1),
1617 ffmpeg-codecs(1), ffmpeg-bitstream-filters(1), ffmpeg-formats(1),
1618 ffmpeg-devices(1), ffmpeg-protocols(1), ffmpeg-filters(1)
1621 @include authors.texi
1626 @settitle ffmpeg video converter