2 * MPEG-DASH ISO BMFF segmenter
3 * Copyright (c) 2014 Martin Storsjo
5 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
7 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
27 #include "libavutil/avassert.h"
28 #include "libavutil/avstring.h"
29 #include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
30 #include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
31 #include "libavutil/opt.h"
32 #include "libavutil/rational.h"
33 #include "libavutil/time_internal.h"
37 #include "avio_internal.h"
40 #include "os_support.h"
43 // See ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014 5.3.9.4.4
45 DASH_TMPL_ID_UNDEFINED = -1,
49 DASH_TMPL_ID_BANDWIDTH,
53 typedef struct Segment {
56 int range_length, index_length;
62 typedef struct OutputStream {
69 int64_t init_start_pos;
70 int init_range_length;
71 int nb_segments, segments_size, segment_index;
73 int64_t first_pts, start_pts, max_pts;
76 char bandwidth_str[64];
81 typedef struct DASHContext {
82 const AVClass *class; /* Class for private options. */
84 int extra_window_size;
90 OutputStream *streams;
91 int has_video, has_audio;
92 int64_t last_duration;
93 int64_t total_duration;
94 char availability_start_time[100];
96 const char *single_file_name;
97 const char *init_seg_name;
98 const char *media_seg_name;
99 AVRational min_frame_rate, max_frame_rate;
100 int ambiguous_frame_rate;
101 const char *utc_timing_url;
104 static int dash_write(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size)
106 OutputStream *os = opaque;
108 avio_write(os->out, buf, buf_size);
113 static void set_codec_str(AVFormatContext *s, AVCodecParameters *par,
116 const AVCodecTag *tags[2] = { NULL, NULL };
118 if (par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
119 tags[0] = ff_codec_movvideo_tags;
120 else if (par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
121 tags[0] = ff_codec_movaudio_tags;
125 tag = av_codec_get_tag(tags, par->codec_id);
133 if (!strcmp(str, "mp4a") || !strcmp(str, "mp4v")) {
135 tags[0] = ff_mp4_obj_type;
136 oti = av_codec_get_tag(tags, par->codec_id);
138 av_strlcatf(str, size, ".%02"PRIx32, oti);
142 if (tag == MKTAG('m', 'p', '4', 'a')) {
143 if (par->extradata_size >= 2) {
144 int aot = par->extradata[0] >> 3;
146 aot = ((AV_RB16(par->extradata) >> 5) & 0x3f) + 32;
147 av_strlcatf(str, size, ".%d", aot);
149 } else if (tag == MKTAG('m', 'p', '4', 'v')) {
150 // Unimplemented, should output ProfileLevelIndication as a decimal number
151 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Incomplete RFC 6381 codec string for mp4v\n");
153 } else if (!strcmp(str, "avc1")) {
154 uint8_t *tmpbuf = NULL;
155 uint8_t *extradata = par->extradata;
156 int extradata_size = par->extradata_size;
159 if (extradata[0] != 1) {
161 if (avio_open_dyn_buf(&pb) < 0)
163 if (ff_isom_write_avcc(pb, extradata, extradata_size) < 0) {
164 ffio_free_dyn_buf(&pb);
167 extradata_size = avio_close_dyn_buf(pb, &extradata);
171 if (extradata_size >= 4)
172 av_strlcatf(str, size, ".%02x%02x%02x",
173 extradata[1], extradata[2], extradata[3]);
178 static void dash_free(AVFormatContext *s)
180 DASHContext *c = s->priv_data;
184 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
185 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[i];
186 if (os->ctx && os->ctx_inited)
187 av_write_trailer(os->ctx);
188 if (os->ctx && os->ctx->pb)
189 av_free(os->ctx->pb);
190 ff_format_io_close(s, &os->out);
192 avformat_free_context(os->ctx);
193 for (j = 0; j < os->nb_segments; j++)
194 av_free(os->segments[j]);
195 av_free(os->segments);
197 av_freep(&c->streams);
200 static void output_segment_list(OutputStream *os, AVIOContext *out, DASHContext *c)
202 int i, start_index = 0, start_number = 1;
203 if (c->window_size) {
204 start_index = FFMAX(os->nb_segments - c->window_size, 0);
205 start_number = FFMAX(os->segment_index - c->window_size, 1);
208 if (c->use_template) {
209 int timescale = c->use_timeline ? os->ctx->streams[0]->time_base.den : AV_TIME_BASE;
210 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t<SegmentTemplate timescale=\"%d\" ", timescale);
211 if (!c->use_timeline)
212 avio_printf(out, "duration=\"%"PRId64"\" ", c->last_duration);
213 avio_printf(out, "initialization=\"%s\" media=\"%s\" startNumber=\"%d\">\n", c->init_seg_name, c->media_seg_name, c->use_timeline ? start_number : 1);
214 if (c->use_timeline) {
215 int64_t cur_time = 0;
216 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t\t<SegmentTimeline>\n");
217 for (i = start_index; i < os->nb_segments; ) {
218 Segment *seg = os->segments[i];
220 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t\t\t<S ");
221 if (i == start_index || seg->time != cur_time) {
222 cur_time = seg->time;
223 avio_printf(out, "t=\"%"PRId64"\" ", seg->time);
225 avio_printf(out, "d=\"%d\" ", seg->duration);
226 while (i + repeat + 1 < os->nb_segments &&
227 os->segments[i + repeat + 1]->duration == seg->duration &&
228 os->segments[i + repeat + 1]->time == os->segments[i + repeat]->time + os->segments[i + repeat]->duration)
231 avio_printf(out, "r=\"%d\" ", repeat);
232 avio_printf(out, "/>\n");
234 cur_time += (1 + repeat) * seg->duration;
236 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t\t</SegmentTimeline>\n");
238 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t</SegmentTemplate>\n");
239 } else if (c->single_file) {
240 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t<BaseURL>%s</BaseURL>\n", os->initfile);
241 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t<SegmentList timescale=\"%d\" duration=\"%"PRId64"\" startNumber=\"%d\">\n", AV_TIME_BASE, c->last_duration, start_number);
242 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t\t<Initialization range=\"%"PRId64"-%"PRId64"\" />\n", os->init_start_pos, os->init_start_pos + os->init_range_length - 1);
243 for (i = start_index; i < os->nb_segments; i++) {
244 Segment *seg = os->segments[i];
245 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t\t<SegmentURL mediaRange=\"%"PRId64"-%"PRId64"\" ", seg->start_pos, seg->start_pos + seg->range_length - 1);
246 if (seg->index_length)
247 avio_printf(out, "indexRange=\"%"PRId64"-%"PRId64"\" ", seg->start_pos, seg->start_pos + seg->index_length - 1);
248 avio_printf(out, "/>\n");
250 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t</SegmentList>\n");
252 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t<SegmentList timescale=\"%d\" duration=\"%"PRId64"\" startNumber=\"%d\">\n", AV_TIME_BASE, c->last_duration, start_number);
253 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t\t<Initialization sourceURL=\"%s\" />\n", os->initfile);
254 for (i = start_index; i < os->nb_segments; i++) {
255 Segment *seg = os->segments[i];
256 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t\t<SegmentURL media=\"%s\" />\n", seg->file);
258 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t</SegmentList>\n");
262 static DASHTmplId dash_read_tmpl_id(const char *identifier, char *format_tag,
263 size_t format_tag_size, const char **ptr) {
264 const char *next_ptr;
265 DASHTmplId id_type = DASH_TMPL_ID_UNDEFINED;
267 if (av_strstart(identifier, "$$", &next_ptr)) {
268 id_type = DASH_TMPL_ID_ESCAPE;
270 } else if (av_strstart(identifier, "$RepresentationID$", &next_ptr)) {
271 id_type = DASH_TMPL_ID_REP_ID;
272 // default to basic format, as $RepresentationID$ identifiers
273 // are not allowed to have custom format-tags.
274 av_strlcpy(format_tag, "%d", format_tag_size);
276 } else { // the following identifiers may have an explicit format_tag
277 if (av_strstart(identifier, "$Number", &next_ptr))
278 id_type = DASH_TMPL_ID_NUMBER;
279 else if (av_strstart(identifier, "$Bandwidth", &next_ptr))
280 id_type = DASH_TMPL_ID_BANDWIDTH;
281 else if (av_strstart(identifier, "$Time", &next_ptr))
282 id_type = DASH_TMPL_ID_TIME;
284 id_type = DASH_TMPL_ID_UNDEFINED;
286 // next parse the dash format-tag and generate a c-string format tag
287 // (next_ptr now points at the first '%' at the beginning of the format-tag)
288 if (id_type != DASH_TMPL_ID_UNDEFINED) {
289 const char *number_format = (id_type == DASH_TMPL_ID_TIME) ? PRId64 : "d";
290 if (next_ptr[0] == '$') { // no dash format-tag
291 snprintf(format_tag, format_tag_size, "%%%s", number_format);
294 const char *width_ptr;
295 // only tolerate single-digit width-field (i.e. up to 9-digit width)
296 if (av_strstart(next_ptr, "%0", &width_ptr) &&
297 av_isdigit(width_ptr[0]) &&
298 av_strstart(&width_ptr[1], "d$", &next_ptr)) {
299 // yes, we're using a format tag to build format_tag.
300 snprintf(format_tag, format_tag_size, "%s%c%s", "%0", width_ptr[0], number_format);
303 av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Failed to parse format-tag beginning with %s. Expected either a "
304 "closing '$' character or a format-string like '%%0[width]d', "
305 "where width must be a single digit\n", next_ptr);
306 id_type = DASH_TMPL_ID_UNDEFINED;
314 static void dash_fill_tmpl_params(char *dst, size_t buffer_size,
315 const char *template, int rep_id,
316 int number, int bit_rate,
319 const char *t_cur = template;
320 while (dst_pos < buffer_size - 1 && *t_cur) {
321 char format_tag[7]; // May be "%d", "%0Xd", or "%0Xlld" (for $Time$), where X is in [0-9]
324 const char *t_next = strchr(t_cur, '$'); // copy over everything up to the first '$' character
326 int num_copy_bytes = FFMIN(t_next - t_cur, buffer_size - dst_pos - 1);
327 av_strlcpy(&dst[dst_pos], t_cur, num_copy_bytes + 1);
329 dst_pos += num_copy_bytes;
331 } else { // no more DASH identifiers to substitute - just copy the rest over and break
332 av_strlcpy(&dst[dst_pos], t_cur, buffer_size - dst_pos);
336 if (dst_pos >= buffer_size - 1 || !*t_cur)
339 // t_cur is now pointing to a '$' character
340 id_type = dash_read_tmpl_id(t_cur, format_tag, sizeof(format_tag), &t_next);
342 case DASH_TMPL_ID_ESCAPE:
343 av_strlcpy(&dst[dst_pos], "$", 2);
346 case DASH_TMPL_ID_REP_ID:
347 n = snprintf(&dst[dst_pos], buffer_size - dst_pos, format_tag, rep_id);
349 case DASH_TMPL_ID_NUMBER:
350 n = snprintf(&dst[dst_pos], buffer_size - dst_pos, format_tag, number);
352 case DASH_TMPL_ID_BANDWIDTH:
353 n = snprintf(&dst[dst_pos], buffer_size - dst_pos, format_tag, bit_rate);
355 case DASH_TMPL_ID_TIME:
356 n = snprintf(&dst[dst_pos], buffer_size - dst_pos, format_tag, time);
358 case DASH_TMPL_ID_UNDEFINED:
359 // copy over one byte and advance
360 av_strlcpy(&dst[dst_pos], t_cur, 2);
365 // t_next points just past the processed identifier
366 // n is the number of bytes that were attempted to be written to dst
367 // (may have failed to write all because buffer_size).
370 dst_pos += FFMIN(n, buffer_size - dst_pos - 1);
375 static char *xmlescape(const char *str) {
376 int outlen = strlen(str)*3/2 + 6;
377 char *out = av_realloc(NULL, outlen + 1);
381 for (; *str; str++) {
382 if (pos + 6 > outlen) {
384 outlen = 2 * outlen + 6;
385 tmp = av_realloc(out, outlen + 1);
393 memcpy(&out[pos], "&", 5);
395 } else if (*str == '<') {
396 memcpy(&out[pos], "<", 4);
398 } else if (*str == '>') {
399 memcpy(&out[pos], ">", 4);
401 } else if (*str == '\'') {
402 memcpy(&out[pos], "'", 6);
404 } else if (*str == '\"') {
405 memcpy(&out[pos], """, 6);
415 static void write_time(AVIOContext *out, int64_t time)
417 int seconds = time / AV_TIME_BASE;
418 int fractions = time % AV_TIME_BASE;
419 int minutes = seconds / 60;
420 int hours = minutes / 60;
423 avio_printf(out, "PT");
425 avio_printf(out, "%dH", hours);
426 if (hours || minutes)
427 avio_printf(out, "%dM", minutes);
428 avio_printf(out, "%d.%dS", seconds, fractions / (AV_TIME_BASE / 10));
431 static void format_date_now(char *buf, int size)
433 time_t t = time(NULL);
434 struct tm *ptm, tmbuf;
435 ptm = gmtime_r(&t, &tmbuf);
437 if (!strftime(buf, size, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ", ptm))
442 static int write_manifest(AVFormatContext *s, int final)
444 DASHContext *c = s->priv_data;
446 char temp_filename[1024];
447 int ret, i, as_id = 0;
448 const char *proto = avio_find_protocol_name(s->filename);
449 int use_rename = proto && !strcmp(proto, "file");
450 static unsigned int warned_non_file = 0;
451 AVDictionaryEntry *title = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "title", NULL, 0);
453 if (!use_rename && !warned_non_file++)
454 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot use rename on non file protocol, this may lead to races and temporary partial files\n");
456 snprintf(temp_filename, sizeof(temp_filename), use_rename ? "%s.tmp" : "%s", s->filename);
457 ret = s->io_open(s, &out, temp_filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE, NULL);
459 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to open %s for writing\n", temp_filename);
462 avio_printf(out, "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n");
463 avio_printf(out, "<MPD xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"\n"
464 "\txmlns=\"urn:mpeg:dash:schema:mpd:2011\"\n"
465 "\txmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"\n"
466 "\txsi:schemaLocation=\"urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011 http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/MPEG-DASH_schema_files/DASH-MPD.xsd\"\n"
467 "\tprofiles=\"urn:mpeg:dash:profile:isoff-live:2011\"\n"
468 "\ttype=\"%s\"\n", final ? "static" : "dynamic");
470 avio_printf(out, "\tmediaPresentationDuration=\"");
471 write_time(out, c->total_duration);
472 avio_printf(out, "\"\n");
474 int64_t update_period = c->last_duration / AV_TIME_BASE;
476 if (c->use_template && !c->use_timeline)
478 avio_printf(out, "\tminimumUpdatePeriod=\"PT%"PRId64"S\"\n", update_period);
479 avio_printf(out, "\tsuggestedPresentationDelay=\"PT%"PRId64"S\"\n", c->last_duration / AV_TIME_BASE);
480 if (!c->availability_start_time[0] && s->nb_streams > 0 && c->streams[0].nb_segments > 0) {
481 format_date_now(c->availability_start_time, sizeof(c->availability_start_time));
483 if (c->availability_start_time[0])
484 avio_printf(out, "\tavailabilityStartTime=\"%s\"\n", c->availability_start_time);
485 format_date_now(now_str, sizeof(now_str));
487 avio_printf(out, "\tpublishTime=\"%s\"\n", now_str);
488 if (c->window_size && c->use_template) {
489 avio_printf(out, "\ttimeShiftBufferDepth=\"");
490 write_time(out, c->last_duration * c->window_size);
491 avio_printf(out, "\"\n");
494 avio_printf(out, "\tminBufferTime=\"");
495 write_time(out, c->last_duration * 2);
496 avio_printf(out, "\">\n");
497 avio_printf(out, "\t<ProgramInformation>\n");
499 char *escaped = xmlescape(title->value);
500 avio_printf(out, "\t\t<Title>%s</Title>\n", escaped);
503 avio_printf(out, "\t</ProgramInformation>\n");
504 if (c->utc_timing_url)
505 avio_printf(out, "\t<UTCTiming schemeIdUri=\"urn:mpeg:dash:utc:http-xsdate:2014\" value=\"%s\"/>\n", c->utc_timing_url);
507 if (c->window_size && s->nb_streams > 0 && c->streams[0].nb_segments > 0 && !c->use_template) {
508 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[0];
509 int start_index = FFMAX(os->nb_segments - c->window_size, 0);
510 int64_t start_time = av_rescale_q(os->segments[start_index]->time, s->streams[0]->time_base, AV_TIME_BASE_Q);
511 avio_printf(out, "\t<Period id=\"0\" start=\"");
512 write_time(out, start_time);
513 avio_printf(out, "\">\n");
515 avio_printf(out, "\t<Period id=\"0\" start=\"PT0.0S\">\n");
519 avio_printf(out, "\t\t<AdaptationSet id=\"%d\" contentType=\"video\" segmentAlignment=\"true\" bitstreamSwitching=\"true\"", as_id++);
520 if (c->max_frame_rate.num && !c->ambiguous_frame_rate)
521 avio_printf(out, " %s=\"%d/%d\"", (av_cmp_q(c->min_frame_rate, c->max_frame_rate) < 0) ? "maxFrameRate" : "frameRate", c->max_frame_rate.num, c->max_frame_rate.den);
522 avio_printf(out, ">\n");
524 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
525 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
526 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[i];
528 if (st->codecpar->codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
531 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t<Representation id=\"%d\" mimeType=\"video/mp4\" codecs=\"%s\"%s width=\"%d\" height=\"%d\"", i, os->codec_str, os->bandwidth_str, st->codecpar->width, st->codecpar->height);
532 if (st->avg_frame_rate.num)
533 avio_printf(out, " frameRate=\"%d/%d\"", st->avg_frame_rate.num, st->avg_frame_rate.den);
534 avio_printf(out, ">\n");
536 output_segment_list(&c->streams[i], out, c);
537 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t</Representation>\n");
539 avio_printf(out, "\t\t</AdaptationSet>\n");
542 avio_printf(out, "\t\t<AdaptationSet id=\"%d\" contentType=\"audio\" segmentAlignment=\"true\" bitstreamSwitching=\"true\">\n", as_id++);
543 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
544 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
545 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[i];
547 if (st->codecpar->codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
550 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t<Representation id=\"%d\" mimeType=\"audio/mp4\" codecs=\"%s\"%s audioSamplingRate=\"%d\">\n", i, os->codec_str, os->bandwidth_str, st->codecpar->sample_rate);
551 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t\t<AudioChannelConfiguration schemeIdUri=\"urn:mpeg:dash:23003:3:audio_channel_configuration:2011\" value=\"%d\" />\n", st->codecpar->channels);
552 output_segment_list(&c->streams[i], out, c);
553 avio_printf(out, "\t\t\t</Representation>\n");
555 avio_printf(out, "\t\t</AdaptationSet>\n");
557 avio_printf(out, "\t</Period>\n");
558 avio_printf(out, "</MPD>\n");
560 ff_format_io_close(s, &out);
563 return avpriv_io_move(temp_filename, s->filename);
568 static int set_bitrate(AVFormatContext *s)
570 DASHContext *c = s->priv_data;
573 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
574 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[i];
576 os->bit_rate = s->streams[i]->codecpar->bit_rate;
578 snprintf(os->bandwidth_str, sizeof(os->bandwidth_str),
579 " bandwidth=\"%d\"", os->bit_rate);
581 int level = s->strict_std_compliance >= FF_COMPLIANCE_STRICT ?
582 AV_LOG_ERROR : AV_LOG_WARNING;
583 av_log(s, level, "No bit rate set for stream %d\n", i);
584 if (s->strict_std_compliance >= FF_COMPLIANCE_STRICT)
585 return AVERROR(EINVAL);
592 static int dash_init(AVFormatContext *s)
594 DASHContext *c = s->priv_data;
596 AVOutputFormat *oformat;
600 if (c->single_file_name)
604 c->ambiguous_frame_rate = 0;
606 av_strlcpy(c->dirname, s->filename, sizeof(c->dirname));
607 ptr = strrchr(c->dirname, '/');
609 av_strlcpy(basename, &ptr[1], sizeof(basename));
612 c->dirname[0] = '\0';
613 av_strlcpy(basename, s->filename, sizeof(basename));
616 ptr = strrchr(basename, '.');
620 oformat = av_guess_format("mp4", NULL, NULL);
622 return AVERROR_MUXER_NOT_FOUND;
624 c->streams = av_mallocz(sizeof(*c->streams) * s->nb_streams);
626 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
628 ret = set_bitrate(s);
632 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
633 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[i];
634 AVFormatContext *ctx;
636 AVDictionary *opts = NULL;
639 ctx = avformat_alloc_context();
641 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
643 ctx->oformat = oformat;
644 ctx->interrupt_callback = s->interrupt_callback;
645 ctx->opaque = s->opaque;
646 ctx->io_close = s->io_close;
647 ctx->io_open = s->io_open;
649 if (!(st = avformat_new_stream(ctx, NULL)))
650 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
651 avcodec_parameters_copy(st->codecpar, s->streams[i]->codecpar);
652 st->sample_aspect_ratio = s->streams[i]->sample_aspect_ratio;
653 st->time_base = s->streams[i]->time_base;
654 ctx->avoid_negative_ts = s->avoid_negative_ts;
655 ctx->flags = s->flags;
657 ctx->pb = avio_alloc_context(os->iobuf, sizeof(os->iobuf), AVIO_FLAG_WRITE, os, NULL, dash_write, NULL);
659 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
661 if (c->single_file) {
662 if (c->single_file_name)
663 dash_fill_tmpl_params(os->initfile, sizeof(os->initfile), c->single_file_name, i, 0, os->bit_rate, 0);
665 snprintf(os->initfile, sizeof(os->initfile), "%s-stream%d.m4s", basename, i);
667 dash_fill_tmpl_params(os->initfile, sizeof(os->initfile), c->init_seg_name, i, 0, os->bit_rate, 0);
669 snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s%s", c->dirname, os->initfile);
670 ret = s->io_open(s, &os->out, filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE, NULL);
673 os->init_start_pos = 0;
675 av_dict_set(&opts, "movflags", "frag_custom+dash+delay_moov", 0);
676 if ((ret = avformat_init_output(ctx, &opts)) < 0)
682 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Representation %d init segment will be written to: %s\n", i, filename);
684 s->streams[i]->time_base = st->time_base;
685 // If the muxer wants to shift timestamps, request to have them shifted
686 // already before being handed to this muxer, so we don't have mismatches
687 // between the MPD and the actual segments.
688 s->avoid_negative_ts = ctx->avoid_negative_ts;
689 if (st->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
690 AVRational avg_frame_rate = s->streams[i]->avg_frame_rate;
691 if (avg_frame_rate.num > 0) {
692 if (av_cmp_q(avg_frame_rate, c->min_frame_rate) < 0)
693 c->min_frame_rate = avg_frame_rate;
694 if (av_cmp_q(c->max_frame_rate, avg_frame_rate) < 0)
695 c->max_frame_rate = avg_frame_rate;
697 c->ambiguous_frame_rate = 1;
700 } else if (st->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
704 set_codec_str(s, st->codecpar, os->codec_str, sizeof(os->codec_str));
705 os->first_pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
706 os->max_pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
707 os->last_dts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
708 os->segment_index = 1;
711 if (!c->has_video && c->min_seg_duration <= 0) {
712 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "no video stream and no min seg duration set\n");
713 return AVERROR(EINVAL);
718 static int dash_write_header(AVFormatContext *s)
720 DASHContext *c = s->priv_data;
722 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
723 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[i];
724 if ((ret = avformat_write_header(os->ctx, NULL)) < 0) {
729 ret = write_manifest(s, 0);
731 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Manifest written to: %s\n", s->filename);
735 static int add_segment(OutputStream *os, const char *file,
736 int64_t time, int duration,
737 int64_t start_pos, int64_t range_length,
738 int64_t index_length)
742 if (os->nb_segments >= os->segments_size) {
743 os->segments_size = (os->segments_size + 1) * 2;
744 if ((err = av_reallocp(&os->segments, sizeof(*os->segments) *
745 os->segments_size)) < 0) {
746 os->segments_size = 0;
751 seg = av_mallocz(sizeof(*seg));
753 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
754 av_strlcpy(seg->file, file, sizeof(seg->file));
756 seg->duration = duration;
757 if (seg->time < 0) { // If pts<0, it is expected to be cut away with an edit list
758 seg->duration += seg->time;
761 seg->start_pos = start_pos;
762 seg->range_length = range_length;
763 seg->index_length = index_length;
764 os->segments[os->nb_segments++] = seg;
769 static void write_styp(AVIOContext *pb)
772 ffio_wfourcc(pb, "styp");
773 ffio_wfourcc(pb, "msdh");
774 avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* minor */
775 ffio_wfourcc(pb, "msdh");
776 ffio_wfourcc(pb, "msix");
779 static void find_index_range(AVFormatContext *s, const char *full_path,
780 int64_t pos, int *index_length)
786 ret = s->io_open(s, &pb, full_path, AVIO_FLAG_READ, NULL);
789 if (avio_seek(pb, pos, SEEK_SET) != pos) {
790 ff_format_io_close(s, &pb);
793 ret = avio_read(pb, buf, 8);
794 ff_format_io_close(s, &pb);
797 if (AV_RL32(&buf[4]) != MKTAG('s', 'i', 'd', 'x'))
799 *index_length = AV_RB32(&buf[0]);
802 static int update_stream_extradata(AVFormatContext *s, OutputStream *os,
803 AVCodecParameters *par)
807 if (os->ctx->streams[0]->codecpar->extradata_size || !par->extradata_size)
810 extradata = av_malloc(par->extradata_size);
813 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
815 memcpy(extradata, par->extradata, par->extradata_size);
817 os->ctx->streams[0]->codecpar->extradata = extradata;
818 os->ctx->streams[0]->codecpar->extradata_size = par->extradata_size;
820 set_codec_str(s, par, os->codec_str, sizeof(os->codec_str));
825 static int dash_flush(AVFormatContext *s, int final, int stream)
827 DASHContext *c = s->priv_data;
830 const char *proto = avio_find_protocol_name(s->filename);
831 int use_rename = proto && !strcmp(proto, "file");
833 int cur_flush_segment_index = 0;
835 cur_flush_segment_index = c->streams[stream].segment_index;
837 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
838 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[i];
839 char filename[1024] = "", full_path[1024], temp_path[1024];
841 int range_length, index_length = 0;
843 if (!os->packets_written)
846 // Flush the single stream that got a keyframe right now.
847 // Flush all audio streams as well, in sync with video keyframes,
848 // but not the other video streams.
849 if (stream >= 0 && i != stream) {
850 if (s->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
852 // Make sure we don't flush audio streams multiple times, when
853 // all video streams are flushed one at a time.
854 if (c->has_video && os->segment_index > cur_flush_segment_index)
858 if (!os->init_range_length) {
859 av_write_frame(os->ctx, NULL);
860 os->init_range_length = avio_tell(os->ctx->pb);
862 ff_format_io_close(s, &os->out);
865 start_pos = avio_tell(os->ctx->pb);
867 if (!c->single_file) {
868 dash_fill_tmpl_params(filename, sizeof(filename), c->media_seg_name, i, os->segment_index, os->bit_rate, os->start_pts);
869 snprintf(full_path, sizeof(full_path), "%s%s", c->dirname, filename);
870 snprintf(temp_path, sizeof(temp_path), use_rename ? "%s.tmp" : "%s", full_path);
871 ret = s->io_open(s, &os->out, temp_path, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE, NULL);
874 write_styp(os->ctx->pb);
876 snprintf(full_path, sizeof(full_path), "%s%s", c->dirname, os->initfile);
879 av_write_frame(os->ctx, NULL);
880 avio_flush(os->ctx->pb);
881 os->packets_written = 0;
883 range_length = avio_tell(os->ctx->pb) - start_pos;
884 if (c->single_file) {
885 find_index_range(s, full_path, start_pos, &index_length);
887 ff_format_io_close(s, &os->out);
890 ret = avpriv_io_move(temp_path, full_path);
895 add_segment(os, filename, os->start_pts, os->max_pts - os->start_pts, start_pos, range_length, index_length);
896 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Representation %d media segment %d written to: %s\n", i, os->segment_index, full_path);
899 if (c->window_size || (final && c->remove_at_exit)) {
900 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
901 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[i];
903 int remove = os->nb_segments - c->window_size - c->extra_window_size;
904 if (final && c->remove_at_exit)
905 remove = os->nb_segments;
907 for (j = 0; j < remove; j++) {
909 snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s%s", c->dirname, os->segments[j]->file);
911 av_free(os->segments[j]);
913 os->nb_segments -= remove;
914 memmove(os->segments, os->segments + remove, os->nb_segments * sizeof(*os->segments));
920 ret = write_manifest(s, final);
924 static int dash_write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
926 DASHContext *c = s->priv_data;
927 AVStream *st = s->streams[pkt->stream_index];
928 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[pkt->stream_index];
931 ret = update_stream_extradata(s, os, st->codecpar);
935 // Fill in a heuristic guess of the packet duration, if none is available.
936 // The mp4 muxer will do something similar (for the last packet in a fragment)
937 // if nothing is set (setting it for the other packets doesn't hurt).
938 // By setting a nonzero duration here, we can be sure that the mp4 muxer won't
939 // invoke its heuristic (this doesn't have to be identical to that algorithm),
940 // so that we know the exact timestamps of fragments.
941 if (!pkt->duration && os->last_dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
942 pkt->duration = pkt->dts - os->last_dts;
943 os->last_dts = pkt->dts;
945 // If forcing the stream to start at 0, the mp4 muxer will set the start
946 // timestamps to 0. Do the same here, to avoid mismatches in duration/timestamps.
947 if (os->first_pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
948 s->avoid_negative_ts == AVFMT_AVOID_NEG_TS_MAKE_ZERO) {
949 pkt->pts -= pkt->dts;
953 if (os->first_pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
954 os->first_pts = pkt->pts;
956 if ((!c->has_video || st->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) &&
957 pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY && os->packets_written &&
958 av_compare_ts(pkt->pts - os->start_pts, st->time_base,
959 c->min_seg_duration, AV_TIME_BASE_Q) >= 0) {
960 int64_t prev_duration = c->last_duration;
962 c->last_duration = av_rescale_q(pkt->pts - os->start_pts,
965 c->total_duration = av_rescale_q(pkt->pts - os->first_pts,
969 if ((!c->use_timeline || !c->use_template) && prev_duration) {
970 if (c->last_duration < prev_duration*9/10 ||
971 c->last_duration > prev_duration*11/10) {
972 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
973 "Segment durations differ too much, enable use_timeline "
974 "and use_template, or keep a stricter keyframe interval\n");
978 if ((ret = dash_flush(s, 0, pkt->stream_index)) < 0)
982 if (!os->packets_written) {
983 // If we wrote a previous segment, adjust the start time of the segment
984 // to the end of the previous one (which is the same as the mp4 muxer
985 // does). This avoids gaps in the timeline.
986 if (os->max_pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
987 os->start_pts = os->max_pts;
989 os->start_pts = pkt->pts;
991 if (os->max_pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
992 os->max_pts = pkt->pts + pkt->duration;
994 os->max_pts = FFMAX(os->max_pts, pkt->pts + pkt->duration);
995 os->packets_written++;
996 return ff_write_chained(os->ctx, 0, pkt, s, 0);
999 static int dash_write_trailer(AVFormatContext *s)
1001 DASHContext *c = s->priv_data;
1005 if (s->nb_streams > 0) {
1006 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[0];
1007 // If no segments have been written so far, try to do a crude
1008 // guess of the segment duration
1009 if (!c->last_duration)
1010 c->last_duration = av_rescale_q(os->max_pts - os->start_pts,
1011 s->streams[0]->time_base,
1013 c->total_duration = av_rescale_q(os->max_pts - os->first_pts,
1014 s->streams[0]->time_base,
1017 dash_flush(s, 1, -1);
1019 if (c->remove_at_exit) {
1020 char filename[1024];
1022 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
1023 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[i];
1024 snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s%s", c->dirname, os->initfile);
1027 unlink(s->filename);
1033 static int dash_check_bitstream(struct AVFormatContext *s, const AVPacket *avpkt)
1035 DASHContext *c = s->priv_data;
1036 OutputStream *os = &c->streams[avpkt->stream_index];
1037 AVFormatContext *oc = os->ctx;
1038 if (oc->oformat->check_bitstream) {
1040 AVPacket pkt = *avpkt;
1041 pkt.stream_index = 0;
1042 ret = oc->oformat->check_bitstream(oc, &pkt);
1044 AVStream *st = s->streams[avpkt->stream_index];
1045 AVStream *ost = oc->streams[0];
1046 st->internal->bsfcs = ost->internal->bsfcs;
1047 st->internal->nb_bsfcs = ost->internal->nb_bsfcs;
1048 ost->internal->bsfcs = NULL;
1049 ost->internal->nb_bsfcs = 0;
1056 #define OFFSET(x) offsetof(DASHContext, x)
1057 #define E AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM
1058 static const AVOption options[] = {
1059 { "window_size", "number of segments kept in the manifest", OFFSET(window_size), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = 0 }, 0, INT_MAX, E },
1060 { "extra_window_size", "number of segments kept outside of the manifest before removing from disk", OFFSET(extra_window_size), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = 5 }, 0, INT_MAX, E },
1061 { "min_seg_duration", "minimum segment duration (in microseconds)", OFFSET(min_seg_duration), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT64, { .i64 = 5000000 }, 0, INT_MAX, E },
1062 { "remove_at_exit", "remove all segments when finished", OFFSET(remove_at_exit), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, { .i64 = 0 }, 0, 1, E },
1063 { "use_template", "Use SegmentTemplate instead of SegmentList", OFFSET(use_template), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, { .i64 = 1 }, 0, 1, E },
1064 { "use_timeline", "Use SegmentTimeline in SegmentTemplate", OFFSET(use_timeline), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, { .i64 = 1 }, 0, 1, E },
1065 { "single_file", "Store all segments in one file, accessed using byte ranges", OFFSET(single_file), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, { .i64 = 0 }, 0, 1, E },
1066 { "single_file_name", "DASH-templated name to be used for baseURL. Implies storing all segments in one file, accessed using byte ranges", OFFSET(single_file_name), AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, { .str = NULL }, 0, 0, E },
1067 { "init_seg_name", "DASH-templated name to used for the initialization segment", OFFSET(init_seg_name), AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, {.str = "init-stream$RepresentationID$.m4s"}, 0, 0, E },
1068 { "media_seg_name", "DASH-templated name to used for the media segments", OFFSET(media_seg_name), AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, {.str = "chunk-stream$RepresentationID$-$Number%05d$.m4s"}, 0, 0, E },
1069 { "utc_timing_url", "URL of the page that will return the UTC timestamp in ISO format", OFFSET(utc_timing_url), AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, { 0 }, 0, 0, E },
1073 static const AVClass dash_class = {
1074 .class_name = "dash muxer",
1075 .item_name = av_default_item_name,
1077 .version = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
1080 AVOutputFormat ff_dash_muxer = {
1082 .long_name = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("DASH Muxer"),
1083 .priv_data_size = sizeof(DASHContext),
1084 .audio_codec = AV_CODEC_ID_AAC,
1085 .video_codec = AV_CODEC_ID_H264,
1086 .flags = AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER | AVFMT_NOFILE | AVFMT_TS_NEGATIVE,
1088 .write_header = dash_write_header,
1089 .write_packet = dash_write_packet,
1090 .write_trailer = dash_write_trailer,
1091 .deinit = dash_free,
1092 .check_bitstream = dash_check_bitstream,
1093 .priv_class = &dash_class,