2 * MOV, 3GP, MP4 muxer RTP hinting
3 * Copyright (c) 2010 Martin Storsjo
5 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
7 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
23 #include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
25 #include "rtpenc_chain.h"
26 #include "avio_internal.h"
29 int ff_mov_init_hinting(AVFormatContext *s, int index, int src_index)
31 MOVMuxContext *mov = s->priv_data;
32 MOVTrack *track = &mov->tracks[index];
33 MOVTrack *src_track = &mov->tracks[src_index];
34 AVStream *src_st = s->streams[src_index];
35 int ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
37 track->tag = MKTAG('r','t','p',' ');
38 track->src_track = src_index;
40 track->enc = avcodec_alloc_context3(NULL);
43 track->enc->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA;
44 track->enc->codec_tag = track->tag;
46 ret = ff_rtp_chain_mux_open(&track->rtp_ctx, s, src_st, NULL,
47 RTP_MAX_PACKET_SIZE, src_index);
51 /* Copy the RTP AVStream timebase back to the hint AVStream */
52 track->timescale = track->rtp_ctx->streams[0]->time_base.den;
54 /* Mark the hinted track that packets written to it should be
55 * sent to this track for hinting. */
56 src_track->hint_track = index;
59 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
60 "Unable to initialize hinting of stream %d\n", src_index);
61 av_freep(&track->enc);
62 /* Set a default timescale, to avoid crashes in av_dump_format */
63 track->timescale = 90000;
68 * Remove the first sample from the sample queue.
70 static void sample_queue_pop(HintSampleQueue *queue)
74 if (queue->samples[0].own_data)
75 av_free(queue->samples[0].data);
77 memmove(queue->samples, queue->samples + 1, sizeof(HintSample)*queue->len);
81 * Empty the sample queue, releasing all memory.
83 static void sample_queue_free(HintSampleQueue *queue)
86 for (i = 0; i < queue->len; i++)
87 if (queue->samples[i].own_data)
88 av_free(queue->samples[i].data);
89 av_freep(&queue->samples);
95 * Add a reference to the sample data to the sample queue. The data is
96 * not copied. sample_queue_retain should be called before pkt->data
99 static void sample_queue_push(HintSampleQueue *queue, uint8_t *data, int size,
102 /* No need to keep track of smaller samples, since describing them
103 * with immediates is more efficient. */
106 if (!queue->samples || queue->len >= queue->size) {
108 samples = av_realloc_array(queue->samples, queue->size + 10, sizeof(HintSample));
112 queue->samples = samples;
114 queue->samples[queue->len].data = data;
115 queue->samples[queue->len].size = size;
116 queue->samples[queue->len].sample_number = sample;
117 queue->samples[queue->len].offset = 0;
118 queue->samples[queue->len].own_data = 0;
123 * Make local copies of all referenced sample data in the queue.
125 static void sample_queue_retain(HintSampleQueue *queue)
128 for (i = 0; i < queue->len; ) {
129 HintSample *sample = &queue->samples[i];
130 if (!sample->own_data) {
131 uint8_t *ptr = av_malloc(sample->size);
133 /* Unable to allocate memory for this one, remove it */
134 memmove(queue->samples + i, queue->samples + i + 1,
135 sizeof(HintSample)*(queue->len - i - 1));
139 memcpy(ptr, sample->data, sample->size);
141 sample->own_data = 1;
148 * Find matches of needle[n_pos ->] within haystack. If a sufficiently
149 * large match is found, matching bytes before n_pos are included
150 * in the match, too (within the limits of the arrays).
152 * @param haystack buffer that may contain parts of needle
153 * @param h_len length of the haystack buffer
154 * @param needle buffer containing source data that have been used to
156 * @param n_pos start position in needle used for looking for matches
157 * @param n_len length of the needle buffer
158 * @param match_h_offset_ptr offset of the first matching byte within haystack
159 * @param match_n_offset_ptr offset of the first matching byte within needle
160 * @param match_len_ptr length of the matched segment
161 * @return 0 if a match was found, < 0 if no match was found
163 static int match_segments(const uint8_t *haystack, int h_len,
164 const uint8_t *needle, int n_pos, int n_len,
165 int *match_h_offset_ptr, int *match_n_offset_ptr,
169 for (h_pos = 0; h_pos < h_len; h_pos++) {
171 int match_h_pos, match_n_pos;
173 /* Check how many bytes match at needle[n_pos] and haystack[h_pos] */
174 while (h_pos + match_len < h_len && n_pos + match_len < n_len &&
175 needle[n_pos + match_len] == haystack[h_pos + match_len])
180 /* If a sufficiently large match was found, try to expand
181 * the matched segment backwards. */
184 while (match_n_pos > 0 && match_h_pos > 0 &&
185 needle[match_n_pos - 1] == haystack[match_h_pos - 1]) {
192 *match_h_offset_ptr = match_h_pos;
193 *match_n_offset_ptr = match_n_pos;
194 *match_len_ptr = match_len;
201 * Look for segments in samples in the sample queue matching the data
202 * in ptr. Samples not matching are removed from the queue. If a match
203 * is found, the next time it will look for matches starting from the
204 * end of the previous matched segment.
206 * @param data data to find matches for in the sample queue
207 * @param len length of the data buffer
208 * @param queue samples used for looking for matching segments
209 * @param pos the offset in data of the matched segment
210 * @param match_sample the number of the sample that contained the match
211 * @param match_offset the offset of the matched segment within the sample
212 * @param match_len the length of the matched segment
213 * @return 0 if a match was found, < 0 if no match was found
215 static int find_sample_match(const uint8_t *data, int len,
216 HintSampleQueue *queue, int *pos,
217 int *match_sample, int *match_offset,
220 while (queue->len > 0) {
221 HintSample *sample = &queue->samples[0];
222 /* If looking for matches in a new sample, skip the first 5 bytes,
223 * since they often may be modified/removed in the output packet. */
224 if (sample->offset == 0 && sample->size > 5)
227 if (match_segments(data, len, sample->data, sample->offset,
228 sample->size, pos, match_offset, match_len) == 0) {
229 *match_sample = sample->sample_number;
230 /* Next time, look for matches at this offset, with a little
231 * margin to this match. */
232 sample->offset = *match_offset + *match_len + 5;
233 if (sample->offset + 10 >= sample->size)
234 sample_queue_pop(queue); /* Not enough useful data left */
238 if (sample->offset < 10 && sample->size > 20) {
239 /* No match found from the start of the sample,
240 * try from the middle of the sample instead. */
241 sample->offset = sample->size/2;
243 /* No match for this sample, remove it */
244 sample_queue_pop(queue);
250 static void output_immediate(const uint8_t *data, int size,
251 AVIOContext *out, int *entries)
257 avio_w8(out, 1); /* immediate constructor */
258 avio_w8(out, len); /* amount of valid data */
259 avio_write(out, data, len);
263 for (; len < 14; len++)
270 static void output_match(AVIOContext *out, int match_sample,
271 int match_offset, int match_len, int *entries)
273 avio_w8(out, 2); /* sample constructor */
274 avio_w8(out, 0); /* track reference */
275 avio_wb16(out, match_len);
276 avio_wb32(out, match_sample);
277 avio_wb32(out, match_offset);
278 avio_wb16(out, 1); /* bytes per block */
279 avio_wb16(out, 1); /* samples per block */
283 static void describe_payload(const uint8_t *data, int size,
284 AVIOContext *out, int *entries,
285 HintSampleQueue *queue)
287 /* Describe the payload using different constructors */
289 int match_sample, match_offset, match_len, pos;
290 if (find_sample_match(data, size, queue, &pos, &match_sample,
291 &match_offset, &match_len) < 0)
293 output_immediate(data, pos, out, entries);
296 output_match(out, match_sample, match_offset, match_len, entries);
300 output_immediate(data, size, out, entries);
304 * Write an RTP hint (that may contain one or more RTP packets)
305 * for the packets in data. data contains one or more packets with a
308 * @param out buffer where the hints are written
309 * @param data buffer containing RTP packets
310 * @param size the size of the data buffer
311 * @param trk the MOVTrack for the hint track
312 * @param dts pointer where the timestamp for the written RTP hint is stored
313 * @return the number of RTP packets in the written hint
315 static int write_hint_packets(AVIOContext *out, const uint8_t *data,
316 int size, MOVTrack *trk, int64_t *dts)
319 int64_t count_pos, entries_pos;
320 int count = 0, entries;
322 count_pos = avio_tell(out);
323 /* RTPsample header */
324 avio_wb16(out, 0); /* packet count */
325 avio_wb16(out, 0); /* reserved */
328 uint32_t packet_len = AV_RB32(data);
335 if (packet_len > size || packet_len <= 12)
337 if (RTP_PT_IS_RTCP(data[1])) {
338 /* RTCP packet, just skip */
344 if (packet_len > trk->max_packet_size)
345 trk->max_packet_size = packet_len;
347 seq = AV_RB16(&data[2]);
348 ts = AV_RB32(&data[4]);
350 if (trk->prev_rtp_ts == 0)
351 trk->prev_rtp_ts = ts;
352 /* Unwrap the 32-bit RTP timestamp that wraps around often
353 * into a not (as often) wrapping 64-bit timestamp. */
354 ts_diff = ts - trk->prev_rtp_ts;
356 trk->cur_rtp_ts_unwrapped += ts_diff;
357 trk->prev_rtp_ts = ts;
360 if (*dts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
361 *dts = trk->cur_rtp_ts_unwrapped;
364 /* RTPpacket header */
365 avio_wb32(out, 0); /* relative_time */
366 avio_write(out, data, 2); /* RTP header */
367 avio_wb16(out, seq); /* RTPsequenceseed */
368 avio_wb16(out, ts_diff ? 4 : 0); /* reserved + flags (extra_flag) */
369 entries_pos = avio_tell(out);
370 avio_wb16(out, 0); /* entry count */
371 if (ts_diff) { /* if extra_flag is set */
372 avio_wb32(out, 16); /* extra_information_length */
373 avio_wb32(out, 12); /* rtpoffsetTLV box */
374 avio_write(out, "rtpo", 4);
375 avio_wb32(out, ts_diff);
383 /* Write one or more constructors describing the payload data */
384 describe_payload(data, packet_len, out, &entries, &trk->sample_queue);
388 curpos = avio_tell(out);
389 avio_seek(out, entries_pos, SEEK_SET);
390 avio_wb16(out, entries);
391 avio_seek(out, curpos, SEEK_SET);
394 curpos = avio_tell(out);
395 avio_seek(out, count_pos, SEEK_SET);
396 avio_wb16(out, count);
397 avio_seek(out, curpos, SEEK_SET);
401 int ff_mov_add_hinted_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt,
402 int track_index, int sample,
403 uint8_t *sample_data, int sample_size)
405 MOVMuxContext *mov = s->priv_data;
406 MOVTrack *trk = &mov->tracks[track_index];
407 AVFormatContext *rtp_ctx = trk->rtp_ctx;
410 AVIOContext *hintbuf = NULL;
415 return AVERROR(ENOENT);
417 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
420 sample_queue_push(&trk->sample_queue, sample_data, sample_size, sample);
422 sample_queue_push(&trk->sample_queue, pkt->data, pkt->size, sample);
424 /* Feed the packet to the RTP muxer */
425 ff_write_chained(rtp_ctx, 0, pkt, s);
427 /* Fetch the output from the RTP muxer, open a new output buffer
429 size = avio_close_dyn_buf(rtp_ctx->pb, &buf);
430 if ((ret = ffio_open_dyn_packet_buf(&rtp_ctx->pb,
431 RTP_MAX_PACKET_SIZE)) < 0)
437 /* Open a buffer for writing the hint */
438 if ((ret = avio_open_dyn_buf(&hintbuf)) < 0)
440 av_init_packet(&hint_pkt);
441 count = write_hint_packets(hintbuf, buf, size, trk, &hint_pkt.dts);
444 /* Write the hint data into the hint track */
445 hint_pkt.size = size = avio_close_dyn_buf(hintbuf, &buf);
447 hint_pkt.pts = hint_pkt.dts;
448 hint_pkt.stream_index = track_index;
449 if (pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY)
450 hint_pkt.flags |= AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY;
452 ff_mov_write_packet(s, &hint_pkt);
455 sample_queue_retain(&trk->sample_queue);
459 void ff_mov_close_hinting(MOVTrack *track)
461 AVFormatContext *rtp_ctx = track->rtp_ctx;
464 av_freep(&track->enc);
465 sample_queue_free(&track->sample_queue);
469 av_write_trailer(rtp_ctx);
470 avio_close_dyn_buf(rtp_ctx->pb, &ptr);
473 avformat_free_context(rtp_ctx);