2 * MPEG2 transport stream (aka DVB) muxer
3 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
5 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
7 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
22 #include "libavutil/avassert.h"
23 #include "libavutil/bswap.h"
24 #include "libavutil/crc.h"
25 #include "libavutil/dict.h"
26 #include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
27 #include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
28 #include "libavutil/opt.h"
30 #include "libavcodec/internal.h"
36 #define PCR_TIME_BASE 27000000
38 /* write DVB SI sections */
40 /*********************************************/
41 /* mpegts section writer */
43 typedef struct MpegTSSection {
46 void (*write_packet)(struct MpegTSSection *s, const uint8_t *packet);
50 typedef struct MpegTSService {
51 MpegTSSection pmt; /* MPEG2 pmt table context */
52 int sid; /* service ID */
57 int pcr_packet_period;
60 typedef struct MpegTSWrite {
61 const AVClass *av_class;
62 MpegTSSection pat; /* MPEG2 pat table */
63 MpegTSSection sdt; /* MPEG2 sdt table context */
64 MpegTSService **services;
66 int sdt_packet_period;
68 int pat_packet_period;
73 int mux_rate; ///< set to 1 when VBR
76 int transport_stream_id;
77 int original_network_id;
84 int reemit_pat_pmt; // backward compatibility
87 #define MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT 0x01
88 #define MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM 0x02
93 int omit_video_pes_length;
96 /* a PES packet header is generated every DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ packets */
97 #define DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ 16
98 #define DEFAULT_PES_PAYLOAD_SIZE ((DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ - 1) * 184 + 170)
100 /* The section length is 12 bits. The first 2 are set to 0, the remaining
101 * 10 bits should not exceed 1021. */
102 #define SECTION_LENGTH 1020
104 /* NOTE: 4 bytes must be left at the end for the crc32 */
105 static void mpegts_write_section(MpegTSSection *s, uint8_t *buf, int len)
108 unsigned char packet[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
109 const unsigned char *buf_ptr;
111 int first, b, len1, left;
113 crc = av_bswap32(av_crc(av_crc_get_table(AV_CRC_32_IEEE),
116 buf[len - 4] = (crc >> 24) & 0xff;
117 buf[len - 3] = (crc >> 16) & 0xff;
118 buf[len - 2] = (crc >> 8) & 0xff;
119 buf[len - 1] = crc & 0xff;
121 /* send each packet */
124 first = buf == buf_ptr;
132 s->cc = s->cc + 1 & 0xf;
135 *q++ = 0; /* 0 offset */
136 len1 = TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - packet);
139 memcpy(q, buf_ptr, len1);
141 /* add known padding data */
142 left = TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - packet);
144 memset(q, 0xff, left);
146 s->write_packet(s, packet);
153 static inline void put16(uint8_t **q_ptr, int val)
162 static int mpegts_write_section1(MpegTSSection *s, int tid, int id,
163 int version, int sec_num, int last_sec_num,
164 uint8_t *buf, int len)
166 uint8_t section[1024], *q;
167 unsigned int tot_len;
168 /* reserved_future_use field must be set to 1 for SDT */
169 unsigned int flags = tid == SDT_TID ? 0xf000 : 0xb000;
171 tot_len = 3 + 5 + len + 4;
172 /* check if not too big */
174 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
178 put16(&q, flags | (len + 5 + 4)); /* 5 byte header + 4 byte CRC */
180 *q++ = 0xc1 | (version << 1); /* current_next_indicator = 1 */
185 mpegts_write_section(s, section, tot_len);
189 /*********************************************/
192 #define DEFAULT_PROVIDER_NAME "FFmpeg"
193 #define DEFAULT_SERVICE_NAME "Service01"
195 /* we retransmit the SI info at this rate */
196 #define SDT_RETRANS_TIME 500
197 #define PAT_RETRANS_TIME 100
198 #define PCR_RETRANS_TIME 20
200 typedef struct MpegTSWriteStream {
201 struct MpegTSService *service;
202 int pid; /* stream associated pid */
205 int first_pts_check; ///< first pts check needed
206 int prev_payload_key;
211 AVFormatContext *amux;
215 static void mpegts_write_pat(AVFormatContext *s)
217 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
218 MpegTSService *service;
219 uint8_t data[SECTION_LENGTH], *q;
223 for (i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
224 service = ts->services[i];
225 put16(&q, service->sid);
226 put16(&q, 0xe000 | service->pmt.pid);
228 mpegts_write_section1(&ts->pat, PAT_TID, ts->tsid, ts->tables_version, 0, 0,
232 static int mpegts_write_pmt(AVFormatContext *s, MpegTSService *service)
234 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
235 uint8_t data[SECTION_LENGTH], *q, *desc_length_ptr, *program_info_length_ptr;
236 int val, stream_type, i, err = 0;
239 put16(&q, 0xe000 | service->pcr_pid);
241 program_info_length_ptr = q;
242 q += 2; /* patched after */
244 /* put program info here */
246 val = 0xf000 | (q - program_info_length_ptr - 2);
247 program_info_length_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
248 program_info_length_ptr[1] = val;
250 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
251 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
252 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
253 AVDictionaryEntry *lang = av_dict_get(st->metadata, "language", NULL, 0);
255 if (q - data > SECTION_LENGTH - 32) {
259 switch (st->codec->codec_id) {
260 case AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO:
261 case AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO:
262 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_MPEG2;
264 case AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4:
265 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_MPEG4;
267 case AV_CODEC_ID_H264:
268 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_H264;
270 case AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC:
271 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_HEVC;
273 case AV_CODEC_ID_CAVS:
274 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_CAVS;
276 case AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC:
277 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_DIRAC;
279 case AV_CODEC_ID_MP2:
280 case AV_CODEC_ID_MP3:
281 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_MPEG1;
283 case AV_CODEC_ID_AAC:
284 stream_type = (ts->flags & MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM)
285 ? STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AAC_LATM
286 : STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AAC;
288 case AV_CODEC_ID_AAC_LATM:
289 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AAC_LATM;
291 case AV_CODEC_ID_AC3:
292 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AC3;
294 case AV_CODEC_ID_DTS:
295 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_DTS;
297 case AV_CODEC_ID_TRUEHD:
298 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_TRUEHD;
301 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_PRIVATE_DATA;
306 put16(&q, 0xe000 | ts_st->pid);
308 q += 2; /* patched after */
310 /* write optional descriptors here */
311 switch (st->codec->codec_type) {
312 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
313 if (st->codec->codec_id==AV_CODEC_ID_EAC3) {
314 *q++=0x7a; // EAC3 descriptor see A038 DVB SI
315 *q++=1; // 1 byte, all flags sets to 0
316 *q++=0; // omit all fields...
318 if (st->codec->codec_id==AV_CODEC_ID_S302M) {
319 *q++ = 0x05; /* MPEG-2 registration descriptor*/
329 char *next = lang->value;
332 *q++ = 0x0a; /* ISO 639 language descriptor */
336 for (p = lang->value; next && *len_ptr < 255 / 4 * 4; p = next + 1) {
337 if (q - data > SECTION_LENGTH - 4) {
341 next = strchr(p, ',');
342 if (strlen(p) != 3 && (!next || next != p + 3))
343 continue; /* not a 3-letter code */
349 if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_CLEAN_EFFECTS)
351 else if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_HEARING_IMPAIRED)
353 else if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_VISUAL_IMPAIRED)
356 *q++ = 0; /* undefined type */
362 q -= 2; /* no language codes were written */
365 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE:
367 const char default_language[] = "und";
368 const char *language = lang && strlen(lang->value) >= 3 ? lang->value : default_language;
370 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_SUBTITLE) {
372 int extradata_copied = 0;
374 *q++ = 0x59; /* subtitling_descriptor */
377 while (strlen(language) >= 3) {
378 if (sizeof(data) - (q - data) < 8) { /* 8 bytes per DVB subtitle substream data */
386 if (*language != '\0')
389 if (st->codec->extradata_size - extradata_copied >= 5) {
390 *q++ = st->codec->extradata[extradata_copied + 4]; /* subtitling_type */
391 memcpy(q, st->codec->extradata + extradata_copied, 4); /* composition_page_id and ancillary_page_id */
392 extradata_copied += 5;
396 * 0x10 - normal with no monitor aspect ratio criticality
397 * 0x20 - for the hard of hearing with no monitor aspect ratio criticality */
398 *q++ = (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_HEARING_IMPAIRED) ? 0x20 : 0x10;
399 if ((st->codec->extradata_size == 4) && (extradata_copied == 0)) {
400 /* support of old 4-byte extradata format */
401 memcpy(q, st->codec->extradata, 4); /* composition_page_id and ancillary_page_id */
402 extradata_copied += 4;
405 put16(&q, 1); /* composition_page_id */
406 put16(&q, 1); /* ancillary_page_id */
411 *len_ptr = q - len_ptr - 1;
412 } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_TELETEXT) {
413 uint8_t *len_ptr = NULL;
414 int extradata_copied = 0;
416 /* The descriptor tag. teletext_descriptor */
420 while (strlen(language) >= 3 && q - data < sizeof(data) - 6) {
425 if (*language != '\0')
428 if (st->codec->extradata_size - 1 > extradata_copied) {
429 memcpy(q, st->codec->extradata + extradata_copied, 2);
430 extradata_copied += 2;
433 /* The Teletext descriptor:
434 * teletext_type: This 5-bit field indicates the type of Teletext page indicated. (0x01 Initial Teletext page)
435 * teletext_magazine_number: This is a 3-bit field which identifies the magazine number.
436 * teletext_page_number: This is an 8-bit field giving two 4-bit hex digits identifying the page number. */
442 *len_ptr = q - len_ptr - 1;
446 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
447 if (stream_type == STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_DIRAC) {
448 *q++ = 0x05; /*MPEG-2 registration descriptor*/
456 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA:
457 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_SMPTE_KLV) {
458 *q++ = 0x05; /* MPEG-2 registration descriptor */
468 val = 0xf000 | (q - desc_length_ptr - 2);
469 desc_length_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
470 desc_length_ptr[1] = val;
474 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR,
475 "The PMT section cannot fit stream %d and all following streams.\n"
476 "Try reducing the number of languages in the audio streams "
477 "or the total number of streams.\n", i);
479 mpegts_write_section1(&service->pmt, PMT_TID, service->sid, ts->tables_version, 0, 0,
484 /* NOTE: !str is accepted for an empty string */
485 static void putstr8(uint8_t **q_ptr, const char *str)
501 static void mpegts_write_sdt(AVFormatContext *s)
503 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
504 MpegTSService *service;
505 uint8_t data[SECTION_LENGTH], *q, *desc_list_len_ptr, *desc_len_ptr;
506 int i, running_status, free_ca_mode, val;
511 for (i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
512 service = ts->services[i];
513 put16(&q, service->sid);
514 *q++ = 0xfc | 0x00; /* currently no EIT info */
515 desc_list_len_ptr = q;
517 running_status = 4; /* running */
520 /* write only one descriptor for the service name and provider */
524 *q++ = 0x01; /* digital television service */
525 putstr8(&q, service->provider_name);
526 putstr8(&q, service->name);
527 desc_len_ptr[0] = q - desc_len_ptr - 1;
529 /* fill descriptor length */
530 val = (running_status << 13) | (free_ca_mode << 12) |
531 (q - desc_list_len_ptr - 2);
532 desc_list_len_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
533 desc_list_len_ptr[1] = val;
535 mpegts_write_section1(&ts->sdt, SDT_TID, ts->tsid, ts->tables_version, 0, 0,
539 static MpegTSService *mpegts_add_service(MpegTSWrite *ts, int sid,
540 const char *provider_name,
543 MpegTSService *service;
545 service = av_mallocz(sizeof(MpegTSService));
548 service->pmt.pid = ts->pmt_start_pid + ts->nb_services;
550 service->pcr_pid = 0x1fff;
551 service->provider_name = av_strdup(provider_name);
552 service->name = av_strdup(name);
553 if (!service->provider_name || !service->name)
555 if (av_dynarray_add_nofree(&ts->services, &ts->nb_services, service) < 0)
560 av_freep(&service->provider_name);
561 av_freep(&service->name);
566 static int64_t get_pcr(const MpegTSWrite *ts, AVIOContext *pb)
568 return av_rescale(avio_tell(pb) + 11, 8 * PCR_TIME_BASE, ts->mux_rate) +
572 static void mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(AVFormatContext *s)
574 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
576 int64_t pcr = get_pcr(s->priv_data, s->pb);
577 uint32_t tp_extra_header = pcr % 0x3fffffff;
578 tp_extra_header = AV_RB32(&tp_extra_header);
579 avio_write(s->pb, (unsigned char *) &tp_extra_header,
580 sizeof(tp_extra_header));
584 static void section_write_packet(MpegTSSection *s, const uint8_t *packet)
586 AVFormatContext *ctx = s->opaque;
587 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(ctx);
588 avio_write(ctx->pb, packet, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
591 static int mpegts_write_header(AVFormatContext *s)
593 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
594 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st;
595 MpegTSService *service;
596 AVStream *st, *pcr_st = NULL;
597 AVDictionaryEntry *title, *provider;
599 const char *service_name;
600 const char *provider_name;
604 if (s->max_delay < 0) /* Not set by the caller */
607 // round up to a whole number of TS packets
608 ts->pes_payload_size = (ts->pes_payload_size + 14 + 183) / 184 * 184 - 14;
610 ts->tsid = ts->transport_stream_id;
611 ts->onid = ts->original_network_id;
612 /* allocate a single DVB service */
613 title = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "service_name", NULL, 0);
615 title = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "title", NULL, 0);
616 service_name = title ? title->value : DEFAULT_SERVICE_NAME;
617 provider = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "service_provider", NULL, 0);
618 provider_name = provider ? provider->value : DEFAULT_PROVIDER_NAME;
619 service = mpegts_add_service(ts, ts->service_id,
620 provider_name, service_name);
623 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
625 service->pmt.write_packet = section_write_packet;
626 service->pmt.opaque = s;
627 service->pmt.cc = 15;
629 ts->pat.pid = PAT_PID;
630 /* Initialize at 15 so that it wraps and is equal to 0 for the
631 * first packet we write. */
633 ts->pat.write_packet = section_write_packet;
636 ts->sdt.pid = SDT_PID;
638 ts->sdt.write_packet = section_write_packet;
641 pids = av_malloc_array(s->nb_streams, sizeof(*pids));
643 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
647 /* assign pids to each stream */
648 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
651 ts_st = av_mallocz(sizeof(MpegTSWriteStream));
653 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
656 st->priv_data = ts_st;
658 ts_st->user_tb = st->time_base;
659 avpriv_set_pts_info(st, 33, 1, 90000);
661 ts_st->payload = av_mallocz(ts->pes_payload_size);
662 if (!ts_st->payload) {
663 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
666 ts_st->service = service;
667 /* MPEG pid values < 16 are reserved. Applications which set st->id in
668 * this range are assigned a calculated pid. */
670 ts_st->pid = ts->start_pid + i;
671 } else if (st->id < 0x1FFF) {
674 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR,
675 "Invalid stream id %d, must be less than 8191\n", st->id);
676 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
679 if (ts_st->pid == service->pmt.pid) {
680 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Duplicate stream id %d\n", ts_st->pid);
681 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
684 for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
685 if (pids[j] == ts_st->pid) {
686 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Duplicate stream id %d\n", ts_st->pid);
687 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
691 pids[i] = ts_st->pid;
692 ts_st->payload_pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
693 ts_st->payload_dts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
694 ts_st->first_pts_check = 1;
696 /* update PCR pid by using the first video stream */
697 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
698 service->pcr_pid == 0x1fff) {
699 service->pcr_pid = ts_st->pid;
702 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC &&
703 st->codec->extradata_size > 0) {
705 ts_st->amux = avformat_alloc_context();
707 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
710 ts_st->amux->oformat =
711 av_guess_format((ts->flags & MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM) ? "latm" : "adts",
713 if (!ts_st->amux->oformat) {
714 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
717 if (!(ast = avformat_new_stream(ts_st->amux, NULL))) {
718 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
721 ret = avcodec_copy_context(ast->codec, st->codec);
724 ret = avformat_write_header(ts_st->amux, NULL);
732 /* if no video stream, use the first stream as PCR */
733 if (service->pcr_pid == 0x1fff && s->nb_streams > 0) {
734 pcr_st = s->streams[0];
735 ts_st = pcr_st->priv_data;
736 service->pcr_pid = ts_st->pid;
738 ts_st = pcr_st->priv_data;
740 if (ts->mux_rate > 1) {
741 service->pcr_packet_period = (ts->mux_rate * ts->pcr_period) /
742 (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
743 ts->sdt_packet_period = (ts->mux_rate * SDT_RETRANS_TIME) /
744 (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
745 ts->pat_packet_period = (ts->mux_rate * PAT_RETRANS_TIME) /
746 (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
749 ts->first_pcr = av_rescale(s->max_delay, PCR_TIME_BASE, AV_TIME_BASE);
751 /* Arbitrary values, PAT/PMT will also be written on video key frames */
752 ts->sdt_packet_period = 200;
753 ts->pat_packet_period = 40;
754 if (pcr_st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
755 if (!pcr_st->codec->frame_size) {
756 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "frame size not set\n");
757 service->pcr_packet_period =
758 pcr_st->codec->sample_rate / (10 * 512);
760 service->pcr_packet_period =
761 pcr_st->codec->sample_rate / (10 * pcr_st->codec->frame_size);
764 // max delta PCR 0.1s
765 // TODO: should be avg_frame_rate
766 service->pcr_packet_period =
767 ts_st->user_tb.den / (10 * ts_st->user_tb.num);
769 if (!service->pcr_packet_period)
770 service->pcr_packet_period = 1;
773 // output a PCR as soon as possible
774 service->pcr_packet_count = service->pcr_packet_period;
775 ts->pat_packet_count = ts->pat_packet_period - 1;
776 ts->sdt_packet_count = ts->sdt_packet_period - 1;
778 if (ts->mux_rate == 1)
779 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "muxrate VBR, ");
781 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "muxrate %d, ", ts->mux_rate);
782 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE,
783 "pcr every %d pkts, sdt every %d, pat/pmt every %d pkts\n",
784 service->pcr_packet_period,
785 ts->sdt_packet_period, ts->pat_packet_period);
787 if (ts->m2ts_mode == -1) {
788 if (av_match_ext(s->filename, "m2ts")) {
799 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
801 ts_st = st->priv_data;
803 av_freep(&ts_st->payload);
805 avformat_free_context(ts_st->amux);
809 av_freep(&st->priv_data);
812 for (i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
813 service = ts->services[i];
814 av_freep(&service->provider_name);
815 av_freep(&service->name);
818 av_free(ts->services);
822 /* send SDT, PAT and PMT tables regulary */
823 static void retransmit_si_info(AVFormatContext *s, int force_pat)
825 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
828 if (++ts->sdt_packet_count == ts->sdt_packet_period) {
829 ts->sdt_packet_count = 0;
832 if (++ts->pat_packet_count == ts->pat_packet_period || force_pat) {
833 ts->pat_packet_count = 0;
835 for (i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++)
836 mpegts_write_pmt(s, ts->services[i]);
840 static int write_pcr_bits(uint8_t *buf, int64_t pcr)
842 int64_t pcr_low = pcr % 300, pcr_high = pcr / 300;
844 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 25;
845 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 17;
846 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 9;
847 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 1;
848 *buf++ = pcr_high << 7 | pcr_low >> 8 | 0x7e;
854 /* Write a single null transport stream packet */
855 static void mpegts_insert_null_packet(AVFormatContext *s)
858 uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
865 memset(q, 0x0FF, TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - buf));
866 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(s);
867 avio_write(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
870 /* Write a single transport stream packet with a PCR and no payload */
871 static void mpegts_insert_pcr_only(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st)
873 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
874 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
876 uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
880 *q++ = ts_st->pid >> 8;
882 *q++ = 0x20 | ts_st->cc; /* Adaptation only */
883 /* Continuity Count field does not increment (see 13818-1 section 2.4.3.3) */
884 *q++ = TS_PACKET_SIZE - 5; /* Adaptation Field Length */
885 *q++ = 0x10; /* Adaptation flags: PCR present */
887 /* PCR coded into 6 bytes */
888 q += write_pcr_bits(q, get_pcr(ts, s->pb));
891 memset(q, 0xFF, TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - buf));
892 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(s);
893 avio_write(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
896 static void write_pts(uint8_t *q, int fourbits, int64_t pts)
900 val = fourbits << 4 | (((pts >> 30) & 0x07) << 1) | 1;
902 val = (((pts >> 15) & 0x7fff) << 1) | 1;
905 val = (((pts) & 0x7fff) << 1) | 1;
910 /* Set an adaptation field flag in an MPEG-TS packet*/
911 static void set_af_flag(uint8_t *pkt, int flag)
913 // expect at least one flag to set
916 if ((pkt[3] & 0x20) == 0) {
917 // no AF yet, set adaptation field flag
919 // 1 byte length, no flags
926 /* Extend the adaptation field by size bytes */
927 static void extend_af(uint8_t *pkt, int size)
929 // expect already existing adaptation field
930 av_assert0(pkt[3] & 0x20);
934 /* Get a pointer to MPEG-TS payload (right after TS packet header) */
935 static uint8_t *get_ts_payload_start(uint8_t *pkt)
938 return pkt + 5 + pkt[4];
943 /* Add a PES header to the front of the payload, and segment into an integer
944 * number of TS packets. The final TS packet is padded using an oversized
945 * adaptation header to exactly fill the last TS packet.
946 * NOTE: 'payload' contains a complete PES payload. */
947 static void mpegts_write_pes(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st,
948 const uint8_t *payload, int payload_size,
949 int64_t pts, int64_t dts, int key)
951 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
952 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
953 uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
955 int val, is_start, len, header_len, write_pcr, is_dvb_subtitle, is_dvb_teletext, flags;
956 int afc_len, stuffing_len;
957 int64_t pcr = -1; /* avoid warning */
958 int64_t delay = av_rescale(s->max_delay, 90000, AV_TIME_BASE);
959 int force_pat = st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO && key && !ts_st->prev_payload_key;
962 while (payload_size > 0) {
963 retransmit_si_info(s, force_pat);
967 if (ts_st->pid == ts_st->service->pcr_pid) {
968 if (ts->mux_rate > 1 || is_start) // VBR pcr period is based on frames
969 ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count++;
970 if (ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count >=
971 ts_st->service->pcr_packet_period) {
972 ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count = 0;
977 if (ts->mux_rate > 1 && dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
978 (dts - get_pcr(ts, s->pb) / 300) > delay) {
979 /* pcr insert gets priority over null packet insert */
981 mpegts_insert_pcr_only(s, st);
983 mpegts_insert_null_packet(s);
984 /* recalculate write_pcr and possibly retransmit si_info */
988 /* prepare packet header */
991 val = ts_st->pid >> 8;
996 ts_st->cc = ts_st->cc + 1 & 0xf;
997 *q++ = 0x10 | ts_st->cc; // payload indicator + CC
998 if (key && is_start && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
999 // set Random Access for key frames
1000 if (ts_st->pid == ts_st->service->pcr_pid)
1002 set_af_flag(buf, 0x40);
1003 q = get_ts_payload_start(buf);
1006 set_af_flag(buf, 0x10);
1007 q = get_ts_payload_start(buf);
1008 // add 11, pcr references the last byte of program clock reference base
1009 if (ts->mux_rate > 1)
1010 pcr = get_pcr(ts, s->pb);
1012 pcr = (dts - delay) * 300;
1013 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts < pcr / 300)
1014 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "dts < pcr, TS is invalid\n");
1015 extend_af(buf, write_pcr_bits(q, pcr));
1016 q = get_ts_payload_start(buf);
1019 int pes_extension = 0;
1020 int pes_header_stuffing_bytes = 0;
1021 /* write PES header */
1025 is_dvb_subtitle = 0;
1026 is_dvb_teletext = 0;
1027 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
1028 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC)
1032 } else if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
1033 (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MP2 ||
1034 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MP3 ||
1035 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC)) {
1037 } else if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
1038 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3 &&
1043 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE) {
1044 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_SUBTITLE) {
1045 is_dvb_subtitle = 1;
1046 } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_TELETEXT) {
1047 is_dvb_teletext = 1;
1053 if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1057 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts != pts) {
1061 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
1062 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC) {
1063 /* set PES_extension_flag */
1067 /* One byte for PES2 extension flag +
1068 * one byte for extension length +
1069 * one byte for extension id */
1072 /* for Blu-ray AC3 Audio the PES Extension flag should be as follow
1073 * otherwise it will not play sound on blu-ray
1075 if (ts->m2ts_mode &&
1076 st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
1077 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3) {
1078 /* set PES_extension_flag */
1083 if (is_dvb_teletext) {
1084 pes_header_stuffing_bytes = 0x24 - header_len;
1087 len = payload_size + header_len + 3;
1088 /* 3 extra bytes should be added to DVB subtitle payload: 0x20 0x00 at the beginning and trailing 0xff */
1089 if (is_dvb_subtitle) {
1095 if (ts->omit_video_pes_length && st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
1101 /* data alignment indicator is required for subtitle and data streams */
1102 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE || st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA)
1107 if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1108 write_pts(q, flags >> 6, pts);
1111 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts != pts) {
1112 write_pts(q, 1, dts);
1115 if (pes_extension && st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC) {
1116 flags = 0x01; /* set PES_extension_flag_2 */
1118 *q++ = 0x80 | 0x01; /* marker bit + extension length */
1119 /* Set the stream ID extension flag bit to 0 and
1120 * write the extended stream ID. */
1123 /* For Blu-ray AC3 Audio Setting extended flags */
1124 if (ts->m2ts_mode &&
1126 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3) {
1127 flags = 0x01; /* set PES_extension_flag_2 */
1129 *q++ = 0x80 | 0x01; /* marker bit + extension length */
1130 *q++ = 0x00 | 0x71; /* for AC3 Audio (specifically on blue-rays) */
1134 if (is_dvb_subtitle) {
1135 /* First two fields of DVB subtitles PES data:
1136 * data_identifier: for DVB subtitle streams shall be coded with the value 0x20
1137 * subtitle_stream_id: for DVB subtitle stream shall be identified by the value 0x00 */
1141 if (is_dvb_teletext) {
1142 memset(q, 0xff, pes_header_stuffing_bytes);
1143 q += pes_header_stuffing_bytes;
1148 header_len = q - buf;
1150 len = TS_PACKET_SIZE - header_len;
1151 if (len > payload_size)
1153 stuffing_len = TS_PACKET_SIZE - header_len - len;
1154 if (stuffing_len > 0) {
1155 /* add stuffing with AFC */
1156 if (buf[3] & 0x20) {
1157 /* stuffing already present: increase its size */
1158 afc_len = buf[4] + 1;
1159 memmove(buf + 4 + afc_len + stuffing_len,
1161 header_len - (4 + afc_len));
1162 buf[4] += stuffing_len;
1163 memset(buf + 4 + afc_len, 0xff, stuffing_len);
1166 memmove(buf + 4 + stuffing_len, buf + 4, header_len - 4);
1168 buf[4] = stuffing_len - 1;
1169 if (stuffing_len >= 2) {
1171 memset(buf + 6, 0xff, stuffing_len - 2);
1176 if (is_dvb_subtitle && payload_size == len) {
1177 memcpy(buf + TS_PACKET_SIZE - len, payload, len - 1);
1178 buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE - 1] = 0xff; /* end_of_PES_data_field_marker: an 8-bit field with fixed contents 0xff for DVB subtitle */
1180 memcpy(buf + TS_PACKET_SIZE - len, payload, len);
1184 payload_size -= len;
1185 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(s);
1186 avio_write(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
1188 ts_st->prev_payload_key = key;
1191 int ff_check_h264_startcode(AVFormatContext *s, const AVStream *st, const AVPacket *pkt)
1193 if (pkt->size < 5 || AV_RB32(pkt->data) != 0x0000001) {
1194 if (!st->nb_frames) {
1195 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "H.264 bitstream malformed, "
1196 "no startcode found, use the video bitstream filter 'h264_mp4toannexb' to fix it "
1197 "('-bsf:v h264_mp4toannexb' option with ffmpeg)\n");
1198 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1200 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "H.264 bitstream error, startcode missing\n");
1205 static int check_hevc_startcode(AVFormatContext *s, const AVStream *st, const AVPacket *pkt)
1207 if (pkt->size < 5 || AV_RB32(pkt->data) != 0x0000001) {
1208 if (!st->nb_frames) {
1209 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "HEVC bitstream malformed, no startcode found\n");
1210 return AVERROR_PATCHWELCOME;
1212 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "HEVC bitstream error, startcode missing\n");
1217 static int mpegts_write_packet_internal(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
1219 AVStream *st = s->streams[pkt->stream_index];
1220 int size = pkt->size;
1221 uint8_t *buf = pkt->data;
1222 uint8_t *data = NULL;
1223 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
1224 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
1225 const int64_t delay = av_rescale(s->max_delay, 90000, AV_TIME_BASE) * 2;
1226 int64_t dts = pkt->dts, pts = pkt->pts;
1228 if (ts->reemit_pat_pmt) {
1229 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
1230 "resend_headers option is deprecated, use -mpegts_flags resend_headers\n");
1231 ts->reemit_pat_pmt = 0;
1232 ts->flags |= MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT;
1235 if (ts->flags & MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT) {
1236 ts->pat_packet_count = ts->pat_packet_period - 1;
1237 ts->sdt_packet_count = ts->sdt_packet_period - 1;
1238 ts->flags &= ~MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT;
1241 if (ts->copyts < 1) {
1242 if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
1244 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
1248 if (ts_st->first_pts_check && pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1249 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "first pts value must be set\n");
1250 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1252 ts_st->first_pts_check = 0;
1254 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264) {
1255 const uint8_t *p = buf, *buf_end = p + size;
1256 uint32_t state = -1;
1257 int ret = ff_check_h264_startcode(s, st, pkt);
1262 p = avpriv_find_start_code(p, buf_end, &state);
1263 av_dlog(s, "nal %d\n", state & 0x1f);
1264 } while (p < buf_end && (state & 0x1f) != 9 &&
1265 (state & 0x1f) != 5 && (state & 0x1f) != 1);
1267 if ((state & 0x1f) != 9) { // AUD NAL
1268 data = av_malloc(pkt->size + 6);
1270 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
1271 memcpy(data + 6, pkt->data, pkt->size);
1272 AV_WB32(data, 0x00000001);
1274 data[5] = 0xf0; // any slice type (0xe) + rbsp stop one bit
1276 size = pkt->size + 6;
1278 } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC) {
1279 if (pkt->size < 2) {
1280 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "AAC packet too short\n");
1281 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1283 if ((AV_RB16(pkt->data) & 0xfff0) != 0xfff0) {
1288 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "AAC bitstream not in ADTS format "
1289 "and extradata missing\n");
1290 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1293 av_init_packet(&pkt2);
1294 pkt2.data = pkt->data;
1295 pkt2.size = pkt->size;
1296 av_assert0(pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE);
1297 pkt2.dts = av_rescale_q(pkt->dts, st->time_base, ts_st->amux->streams[0]->time_base);
1299 ret = avio_open_dyn_buf(&ts_st->amux->pb);
1301 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
1303 ret = av_write_frame(ts_st->amux, &pkt2);
1305 avio_close_dyn_buf(ts_st->amux->pb, &data);
1306 ts_st->amux->pb = NULL;
1310 size = avio_close_dyn_buf(ts_st->amux->pb, &data);
1311 ts_st->amux->pb = NULL;
1314 } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC) {
1315 int ret = check_hevc_startcode(s, st, pkt);
1320 if (pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1322 for(i=0; i<s->nb_streams; i++) {
1323 AVStream *st2 = s->streams[i];
1324 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st2 = st2->priv_data;
1325 if ( ts_st2->payload_size
1326 && (ts_st2->payload_dts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE || dts - ts_st2->payload_dts > delay/2)) {
1327 mpegts_write_pes(s, st2, ts_st2->payload, ts_st2->payload_size,
1328 ts_st2->payload_pts, ts_st2->payload_dts,
1329 ts_st2->payload_flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1330 ts_st2->payload_size = 0;
1335 if (ts_st->payload_size && ts_st->payload_size + size > ts->pes_payload_size) {
1336 mpegts_write_pes(s, st, ts_st->payload, ts_st->payload_size,
1337 ts_st->payload_pts, ts_st->payload_dts,
1338 ts_st->payload_flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1339 ts_st->payload_size = 0;
1342 if (st->codec->codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO || size > ts->pes_payload_size) {
1343 av_assert0(!ts_st->payload_size);
1344 // for video and subtitle, write a single pes packet
1345 mpegts_write_pes(s, st, buf, size, pts, dts,
1346 pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1351 if (!ts_st->payload_size) {
1352 ts_st->payload_pts = pts;
1353 ts_st->payload_dts = dts;
1354 ts_st->payload_flags = pkt->flags;
1357 memcpy(ts_st->payload + ts_st->payload_size, buf, size);
1358 ts_st->payload_size += size;
1365 static void mpegts_write_flush(AVFormatContext *s)
1369 /* flush current packets */
1370 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
1371 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
1372 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
1373 if (ts_st->payload_size > 0) {
1374 mpegts_write_pes(s, st, ts_st->payload, ts_st->payload_size,
1375 ts_st->payload_pts, ts_st->payload_dts,
1376 ts_st->payload_flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1377 ts_st->payload_size = 0;
1382 static int mpegts_write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
1385 mpegts_write_flush(s);
1388 return mpegts_write_packet_internal(s, pkt);
1392 static int mpegts_write_end(AVFormatContext *s)
1394 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
1395 MpegTSService *service;
1398 mpegts_write_flush(s);
1400 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
1401 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
1402 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
1403 av_freep(&ts_st->payload);
1405 avformat_free_context(ts_st->amux);
1410 for (i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
1411 service = ts->services[i];
1412 av_freep(&service->provider_name);
1413 av_freep(&service->name);
1416 av_free(ts->services);
1421 static const AVOption options[] = {
1422 { "mpegts_transport_stream_id", "Set transport_stream_id field.",
1423 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, transport_stream_id), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1424 { .i64 = 0x0001 }, 0x0001, 0xffff, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1425 { "mpegts_original_network_id", "Set original_network_id field.",
1426 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, original_network_id), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1427 { .i64 = 0x0001 }, 0x0001, 0xffff, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1428 { "mpegts_service_id", "Set service_id field.",
1429 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, service_id), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1430 { .i64 = 0x0001 }, 0x0001, 0xffff, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1431 { "mpegts_pmt_start_pid", "Set the first pid of the PMT.",
1432 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, pmt_start_pid), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1433 { .i64 = 0x1000 }, 0x0010, 0x1f00, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1434 { "mpegts_start_pid", "Set the first pid.",
1435 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, start_pid), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1436 { .i64 = 0x0100 }, 0x0100, 0x0f00, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1437 { "mpegts_m2ts_mode", "Enable m2ts mode.",
1438 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, m2ts_mode), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1439 { .i64 = -1 }, -1, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1441 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, mux_rate), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1442 { .i64 = 1 }, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1443 { "pes_payload_size", "Minimum PES packet payload in bytes",
1444 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, pes_payload_size), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1445 { .i64 = DEFAULT_PES_PAYLOAD_SIZE }, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1446 { "mpegts_flags", "MPEG-TS muxing flags",
1447 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, flags), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, { .i64 = 0 }, 0, INT_MAX,
1448 AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "mpegts_flags" },
1449 { "resend_headers", "Reemit PAT/PMT before writing the next packet",
1450 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT }, 0, INT_MAX,
1451 AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "mpegts_flags" },
1452 { "latm", "Use LATM packetization for AAC",
1453 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM }, 0, INT_MAX,
1454 AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "mpegts_flags" },
1455 // backward compatibility
1456 { "resend_headers", "Reemit PAT/PMT before writing the next packet",
1457 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, reemit_pat_pmt), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1458 { .i64 = 0 }, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1459 { "mpegts_copyts", "don't offset dts/pts",
1460 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, copyts), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1461 { .i64 = -1 }, -1, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1462 { "tables_version", "set PAT, PMT and SDT version",
1463 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, tables_version), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1464 { .i64 = 0 }, 0, 31, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1465 { "omit_video_pes_length", "Omit the PES packet length for video packets",
1466 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, omit_video_pes_length), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1467 { .i64 = 1 }, 0, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1468 { "pcr_period", "PCR retransmission time",
1469 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, pcr_period), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1470 { .i64 = PCR_RETRANS_TIME }, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1474 static const AVClass mpegts_muxer_class = {
1475 .class_name = "MPEGTS muxer",
1476 .item_name = av_default_item_name,
1478 .version = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
1481 AVOutputFormat ff_mpegts_muxer = {
1483 .long_name = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("MPEG-TS (MPEG-2 Transport Stream)"),
1484 .mime_type = "video/MP2T",
1485 .extensions = "ts,m2t,m2ts,mts",
1486 .priv_data_size = sizeof(MpegTSWrite),
1487 .audio_codec = AV_CODEC_ID_MP2,
1488 .video_codec = AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO,
1489 .write_header = mpegts_write_header,
1490 .write_packet = mpegts_write_packet,
1491 .write_trailer = mpegts_write_end,
1492 .flags = AVFMT_ALLOW_FLUSH,
1493 .priv_class = &mpegts_muxer_class,