2 * MPEG2 transport stream (aka DVB) muxer
3 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
5 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
7 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
22 #include "libavutil/avassert.h"
23 #include "libavutil/bswap.h"
24 #include "libavutil/crc.h"
25 #include "libavutil/dict.h"
26 #include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
27 #include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
28 #include "libavutil/opt.h"
30 #include "libavcodec/internal.h"
36 #define PCR_TIME_BASE 27000000
38 /* write DVB SI sections */
40 /*********************************************/
41 /* mpegts section writer */
43 typedef struct MpegTSSection {
46 void (*write_packet)(struct MpegTSSection *s, const uint8_t *packet);
50 typedef struct MpegTSService {
51 MpegTSSection pmt; /* MPEG2 pmt table context */
52 int sid; /* service ID */
57 int pcr_packet_period;
60 typedef struct MpegTSWrite {
61 const AVClass *av_class;
62 MpegTSSection pat; /* MPEG2 pat table */
63 MpegTSSection sdt; /* MPEG2 sdt table context */
64 MpegTSService **services;
66 int sdt_packet_period;
68 int pat_packet_period;
73 int mux_rate; ///< set to 1 when VBR
76 int transport_stream_id;
77 int original_network_id;
84 int reemit_pat_pmt; // backward compatibility
87 #define MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT 0x01
88 #define MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM 0x02
93 int omit_video_pes_length;
96 /* a PES packet header is generated every DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ packets */
97 #define DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ 16
98 #define DEFAULT_PES_PAYLOAD_SIZE ((DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ - 1) * 184 + 170)
100 /* The section length is 12 bits. The first 2 are set to 0, the remaining
101 * 10 bits should not exceed 1021. */
102 #define SECTION_LENGTH 1020
104 /* NOTE: 4 bytes must be left at the end for the crc32 */
105 static void mpegts_write_section(MpegTSSection *s, uint8_t *buf, int len)
108 unsigned char packet[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
109 const unsigned char *buf_ptr;
111 int first, b, len1, left;
113 crc = av_bswap32(av_crc(av_crc_get_table(AV_CRC_32_IEEE),
116 buf[len - 4] = (crc >> 24) & 0xff;
117 buf[len - 3] = (crc >> 16) & 0xff;
118 buf[len - 2] = (crc >> 8) & 0xff;
119 buf[len - 1] = crc & 0xff;
121 /* send each packet */
124 first = buf == buf_ptr;
132 s->cc = s->cc + 1 & 0xf;
135 *q++ = 0; /* 0 offset */
136 len1 = TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - packet);
139 memcpy(q, buf_ptr, len1);
141 /* add known padding data */
142 left = TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - packet);
144 memset(q, 0xff, left);
146 s->write_packet(s, packet);
153 static inline void put16(uint8_t **q_ptr, int val)
162 static int mpegts_write_section1(MpegTSSection *s, int tid, int id,
163 int version, int sec_num, int last_sec_num,
164 uint8_t *buf, int len)
166 uint8_t section[1024], *q;
167 unsigned int tot_len;
168 /* reserved_future_use field must be set to 1 for SDT */
169 unsigned int flags = tid == SDT_TID ? 0xf000 : 0xb000;
171 tot_len = 3 + 5 + len + 4;
172 /* check if not too big */
174 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
178 put16(&q, flags | (len + 5 + 4)); /* 5 byte header + 4 byte CRC */
180 *q++ = 0xc1 | (version << 1); /* current_next_indicator = 1 */
185 mpegts_write_section(s, section, tot_len);
189 /*********************************************/
192 #define DEFAULT_PROVIDER_NAME "FFmpeg"
193 #define DEFAULT_SERVICE_NAME "Service01"
195 /* we retransmit the SI info at this rate */
196 #define SDT_RETRANS_TIME 500
197 #define PAT_RETRANS_TIME 100
198 #define PCR_RETRANS_TIME 20
200 typedef struct MpegTSWriteStream {
201 struct MpegTSService *service;
202 int pid; /* stream associated pid */
205 int first_pts_check; ///< first pts check needed
206 int prev_payload_key;
211 AVFormatContext *amux;
215 static void mpegts_write_pat(AVFormatContext *s)
217 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
218 MpegTSService *service;
219 uint8_t data[SECTION_LENGTH], *q;
223 for (i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
224 service = ts->services[i];
225 put16(&q, service->sid);
226 put16(&q, 0xe000 | service->pmt.pid);
228 mpegts_write_section1(&ts->pat, PAT_TID, ts->tsid, ts->tables_version, 0, 0,
232 static int mpegts_write_pmt(AVFormatContext *s, MpegTSService *service)
234 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
235 uint8_t data[SECTION_LENGTH], *q, *desc_length_ptr, *program_info_length_ptr;
236 int val, stream_type, i;
239 put16(&q, 0xe000 | service->pcr_pid);
241 program_info_length_ptr = q;
242 q += 2; /* patched after */
244 /* put program info here */
246 val = 0xf000 | (q - program_info_length_ptr - 2);
247 program_info_length_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
248 program_info_length_ptr[1] = val;
250 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
251 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
252 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
253 AVDictionaryEntry *lang = av_dict_get(st->metadata, "language", NULL, 0);
254 switch (st->codec->codec_id) {
255 case AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO:
256 case AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO:
257 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_MPEG2;
259 case AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4:
260 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_MPEG4;
262 case AV_CODEC_ID_H264:
263 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_H264;
265 case AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC:
266 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_HEVC;
268 case AV_CODEC_ID_CAVS:
269 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_CAVS;
271 case AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC:
272 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_DIRAC;
274 case AV_CODEC_ID_MP2:
275 case AV_CODEC_ID_MP3:
276 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_MPEG1;
278 case AV_CODEC_ID_AAC:
279 stream_type = (ts->flags & MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM)
280 ? STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AAC_LATM
281 : STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AAC;
283 case AV_CODEC_ID_AAC_LATM:
284 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AAC_LATM;
286 case AV_CODEC_ID_AC3:
287 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AC3;
289 case AV_CODEC_ID_DTS:
290 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_DTS;
292 case AV_CODEC_ID_TRUEHD:
293 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_TRUEHD;
296 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_PRIVATE_DATA;
300 if (q - data > sizeof(data) - 32)
301 return AVERROR(EINVAL);
304 put16(&q, 0xe000 | ts_st->pid);
306 q += 2; /* patched after */
308 /* write optional descriptors here */
309 switch (st->codec->codec_type) {
310 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
311 if (st->codec->codec_id==AV_CODEC_ID_EAC3) {
312 *q++=0x7a; // EAC3 descriptor see A038 DVB SI
313 *q++=1; // 1 byte, all flags sets to 0
314 *q++=0; // omit all fields...
316 if (st->codec->codec_id==AV_CODEC_ID_S302M) {
317 *q++ = 0x05; /* MPEG-2 registration descriptor*/
327 char *next = lang->value;
330 *q++ = 0x0a; /* ISO 639 language descriptor */
334 for (p = lang->value; next && *len_ptr < 255 / 4 * 4 && q - data < sizeof(data) - 4; p = next + 1) {
335 next = strchr(p, ',');
336 if (strlen(p) != 3 && (!next || next != p + 3))
337 continue; /* not a 3-letter code */
343 if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_CLEAN_EFFECTS)
345 else if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_HEARING_IMPAIRED)
347 else if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_VISUAL_IMPAIRED)
350 *q++ = 0; /* undefined type */
356 q -= 2; /* no language codes were written */
359 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE:
361 const char default_language[] = "und";
362 const char *language = lang && strlen(lang->value) >= 3 ? lang->value : default_language;
364 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_SUBTITLE) {
366 int extradata_copied = 0;
368 *q++ = 0x59; /* subtitling_descriptor */
371 while (strlen(language) >= 3 && (sizeof(data) - (q - data)) >= 8) { /* 8 bytes per DVB subtitle substream data */
376 if (*language != '\0')
379 if (st->codec->extradata_size - extradata_copied >= 5) {
380 *q++ = st->codec->extradata[extradata_copied + 4]; /* subtitling_type */
381 memcpy(q, st->codec->extradata + extradata_copied, 4); /* composition_page_id and ancillary_page_id */
382 extradata_copied += 5;
386 * 0x10 - normal with no monitor aspect ratio criticality
387 * 0x20 - for the hard of hearing with no monitor aspect ratio criticality */
388 *q++ = (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_HEARING_IMPAIRED) ? 0x20 : 0x10;
389 if ((st->codec->extradata_size == 4) && (extradata_copied == 0)) {
390 /* support of old 4-byte extradata format */
391 memcpy(q, st->codec->extradata, 4); /* composition_page_id and ancillary_page_id */
392 extradata_copied += 4;
395 put16(&q, 1); /* composition_page_id */
396 put16(&q, 1); /* ancillary_page_id */
401 *len_ptr = q - len_ptr - 1;
402 } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_TELETEXT) {
403 uint8_t *len_ptr = NULL;
404 int extradata_copied = 0;
406 /* The descriptor tag. teletext_descriptor */
410 while (strlen(language) >= 3 && q - data < sizeof(data) - 6) {
415 if (*language != '\0')
418 if (st->codec->extradata_size - 1 > extradata_copied) {
419 memcpy(q, st->codec->extradata + extradata_copied, 2);
420 extradata_copied += 2;
423 /* The Teletext descriptor:
424 * teletext_type: This 5-bit field indicates the type of Teletext page indicated. (0x01 Initial Teletext page)
425 * teletext_magazine_number: This is a 3-bit field which identifies the magazine number.
426 * teletext_page_number: This is an 8-bit field giving two 4-bit hex digits identifying the page number. */
432 *len_ptr = q - len_ptr - 1;
436 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
437 if (stream_type == STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_DIRAC) {
438 *q++ = 0x05; /*MPEG-2 registration descriptor*/
446 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA:
447 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_SMPTE_KLV) {
448 *q++ = 0x05; /* MPEG-2 registration descriptor */
458 val = 0xf000 | (q - desc_length_ptr - 2);
459 desc_length_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
460 desc_length_ptr[1] = val;
462 mpegts_write_section1(&service->pmt, PMT_TID, service->sid, ts->tables_version, 0, 0,
467 /* NOTE: str == NULL is accepted for an empty string */
468 static void putstr8(uint8_t **q_ptr, const char *str)
484 static void mpegts_write_sdt(AVFormatContext *s)
486 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
487 MpegTSService *service;
488 uint8_t data[SECTION_LENGTH], *q, *desc_list_len_ptr, *desc_len_ptr;
489 int i, running_status, free_ca_mode, val;
494 for (i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
495 service = ts->services[i];
496 put16(&q, service->sid);
497 *q++ = 0xfc | 0x00; /* currently no EIT info */
498 desc_list_len_ptr = q;
500 running_status = 4; /* running */
503 /* write only one descriptor for the service name and provider */
507 *q++ = 0x01; /* digital television service */
508 putstr8(&q, service->provider_name);
509 putstr8(&q, service->name);
510 desc_len_ptr[0] = q - desc_len_ptr - 1;
512 /* fill descriptor length */
513 val = (running_status << 13) | (free_ca_mode << 12) |
514 (q - desc_list_len_ptr - 2);
515 desc_list_len_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
516 desc_list_len_ptr[1] = val;
518 mpegts_write_section1(&ts->sdt, SDT_TID, ts->tsid, ts->tables_version, 0, 0,
522 static MpegTSService *mpegts_add_service(MpegTSWrite *ts, int sid,
523 const char *provider_name,
526 MpegTSService *service;
528 service = av_mallocz(sizeof(MpegTSService));
531 service->pmt.pid = ts->pmt_start_pid + ts->nb_services;
533 service->pcr_pid = 0x1fff;
534 service->provider_name = av_strdup(provider_name);
535 service->name = av_strdup(name);
536 if (!service->provider_name || !service->name)
538 if (av_dynarray_add_nofree(&ts->services, &ts->nb_services, service) < 0)
543 av_freep(&service->provider_name);
544 av_freep(&service->name);
549 static int64_t get_pcr(const MpegTSWrite *ts, AVIOContext *pb)
551 return av_rescale(avio_tell(pb) + 11, 8 * PCR_TIME_BASE, ts->mux_rate) +
555 static void mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(AVFormatContext *s)
557 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
559 int64_t pcr = get_pcr(s->priv_data, s->pb);
560 uint32_t tp_extra_header = pcr % 0x3fffffff;
561 tp_extra_header = AV_RB32(&tp_extra_header);
562 avio_write(s->pb, (unsigned char *) &tp_extra_header,
563 sizeof(tp_extra_header));
567 static void section_write_packet(MpegTSSection *s, const uint8_t *packet)
569 AVFormatContext *ctx = s->opaque;
570 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(ctx);
571 avio_write(ctx->pb, packet, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
574 static int mpegts_write_header(AVFormatContext *s)
576 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
577 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st;
578 MpegTSService *service;
579 AVStream *st, *pcr_st = NULL;
580 AVDictionaryEntry *title, *provider;
582 const char *service_name;
583 const char *provider_name;
587 if (s->max_delay < 0) /* Not set by the caller */
590 // round up to a whole number of TS packets
591 ts->pes_payload_size = (ts->pes_payload_size + 14 + 183) / 184 * 184 - 14;
593 ts->tsid = ts->transport_stream_id;
594 ts->onid = ts->original_network_id;
595 /* allocate a single DVB service */
596 title = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "service_name", NULL, 0);
598 title = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "title", NULL, 0);
599 service_name = title ? title->value : DEFAULT_SERVICE_NAME;
600 provider = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "service_provider", NULL, 0);
601 provider_name = provider ? provider->value : DEFAULT_PROVIDER_NAME;
602 service = mpegts_add_service(ts, ts->service_id,
603 provider_name, service_name);
606 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
608 service->pmt.write_packet = section_write_packet;
609 service->pmt.opaque = s;
610 service->pmt.cc = 15;
612 ts->pat.pid = PAT_PID;
613 /* Initialize at 15 so that it wraps and is equal to 0 for the
614 * first packet we write. */
616 ts->pat.write_packet = section_write_packet;
619 ts->sdt.pid = SDT_PID;
621 ts->sdt.write_packet = section_write_packet;
624 pids = av_malloc_array(s->nb_streams, sizeof(*pids));
626 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
630 /* assign pids to each stream */
631 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
634 ts_st = av_mallocz(sizeof(MpegTSWriteStream));
636 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
639 st->priv_data = ts_st;
641 ts_st->user_tb = st->time_base;
642 avpriv_set_pts_info(st, 33, 1, 90000);
644 ts_st->payload = av_mallocz(ts->pes_payload_size);
645 if (!ts_st->payload) {
646 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
649 ts_st->service = service;
650 /* MPEG pid values < 16 are reserved. Applications which set st->id in
651 * this range are assigned a calculated pid. */
653 ts_st->pid = ts->start_pid + i;
654 } else if (st->id < 0x1FFF) {
657 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR,
658 "Invalid stream id %d, must be less than 8191\n", st->id);
659 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
662 if (ts_st->pid == service->pmt.pid) {
663 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Duplicate stream id %d\n", ts_st->pid);
664 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
667 for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
668 if (pids[j] == ts_st->pid) {
669 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Duplicate stream id %d\n", ts_st->pid);
670 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
674 pids[i] = ts_st->pid;
675 ts_st->payload_pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
676 ts_st->payload_dts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
677 ts_st->first_pts_check = 1;
679 /* update PCR pid by using the first video stream */
680 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
681 service->pcr_pid == 0x1fff) {
682 service->pcr_pid = ts_st->pid;
685 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC &&
686 st->codec->extradata_size > 0) {
688 ts_st->amux = avformat_alloc_context();
690 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
693 ts_st->amux->oformat =
694 av_guess_format((ts->flags & MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM) ? "latm" : "adts",
696 if (!ts_st->amux->oformat) {
697 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
700 if (!(ast = avformat_new_stream(ts_st->amux, NULL))) {
701 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
704 ret = avcodec_copy_context(ast->codec, st->codec);
707 ret = avformat_write_header(ts_st->amux, NULL);
715 /* if no video stream, use the first stream as PCR */
716 if (service->pcr_pid == 0x1fff && s->nb_streams > 0) {
717 pcr_st = s->streams[0];
718 ts_st = pcr_st->priv_data;
719 service->pcr_pid = ts_st->pid;
721 ts_st = pcr_st->priv_data;
723 if (ts->mux_rate > 1) {
724 service->pcr_packet_period = (ts->mux_rate * ts->pcr_period) /
725 (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
726 ts->sdt_packet_period = (ts->mux_rate * SDT_RETRANS_TIME) /
727 (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
728 ts->pat_packet_period = (ts->mux_rate * PAT_RETRANS_TIME) /
729 (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
732 ts->first_pcr = av_rescale(s->max_delay, PCR_TIME_BASE, AV_TIME_BASE);
734 /* Arbitrary values, PAT/PMT will also be written on video key frames */
735 ts->sdt_packet_period = 200;
736 ts->pat_packet_period = 40;
737 if (pcr_st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
738 if (!pcr_st->codec->frame_size) {
739 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "frame size not set\n");
740 service->pcr_packet_period =
741 pcr_st->codec->sample_rate / (10 * 512);
743 service->pcr_packet_period =
744 pcr_st->codec->sample_rate / (10 * pcr_st->codec->frame_size);
747 // max delta PCR 0.1s
748 // TODO: should be avg_frame_rate
749 service->pcr_packet_period =
750 ts_st->user_tb.den / (10 * ts_st->user_tb.num);
752 if (!service->pcr_packet_period)
753 service->pcr_packet_period = 1;
756 // output a PCR as soon as possible
757 service->pcr_packet_count = service->pcr_packet_period;
758 ts->pat_packet_count = ts->pat_packet_period - 1;
759 ts->sdt_packet_count = ts->sdt_packet_period - 1;
761 if (ts->mux_rate == 1)
762 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "muxrate VBR, ");
764 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "muxrate %d, ", ts->mux_rate);
765 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE,
766 "pcr every %d pkts, sdt every %d, pat/pmt every %d pkts\n",
767 service->pcr_packet_period,
768 ts->sdt_packet_period, ts->pat_packet_period);
770 if (ts->m2ts_mode == -1) {
771 if (av_match_ext(s->filename, "m2ts")) {
782 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
784 ts_st = st->priv_data;
786 av_freep(&ts_st->payload);
788 avformat_free_context(ts_st->amux);
792 av_freep(&st->priv_data);
795 for (i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
796 service = ts->services[i];
797 av_freep(&service->provider_name);
798 av_freep(&service->name);
801 av_free(ts->services);
805 /* send SDT, PAT and PMT tables regulary */
806 static void retransmit_si_info(AVFormatContext *s, int force_pat)
808 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
811 if (++ts->sdt_packet_count == ts->sdt_packet_period) {
812 ts->sdt_packet_count = 0;
815 if (++ts->pat_packet_count == ts->pat_packet_period || force_pat) {
816 ts->pat_packet_count = 0;
818 for (i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++)
819 mpegts_write_pmt(s, ts->services[i]);
823 static int write_pcr_bits(uint8_t *buf, int64_t pcr)
825 int64_t pcr_low = pcr % 300, pcr_high = pcr / 300;
827 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 25;
828 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 17;
829 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 9;
830 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 1;
831 *buf++ = pcr_high << 7 | pcr_low >> 8 | 0x7e;
837 /* Write a single null transport stream packet */
838 static void mpegts_insert_null_packet(AVFormatContext *s)
841 uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
848 memset(q, 0x0FF, TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - buf));
849 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(s);
850 avio_write(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
853 /* Write a single transport stream packet with a PCR and no payload */
854 static void mpegts_insert_pcr_only(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st)
856 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
857 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
859 uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
863 *q++ = ts_st->pid >> 8;
865 *q++ = 0x20 | ts_st->cc; /* Adaptation only */
866 /* Continuity Count field does not increment (see 13818-1 section 2.4.3.3) */
867 *q++ = TS_PACKET_SIZE - 5; /* Adaptation Field Length */
868 *q++ = 0x10; /* Adaptation flags: PCR present */
870 /* PCR coded into 6 bytes */
871 q += write_pcr_bits(q, get_pcr(ts, s->pb));
874 memset(q, 0xFF, TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - buf));
875 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(s);
876 avio_write(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
879 static void write_pts(uint8_t *q, int fourbits, int64_t pts)
883 val = fourbits << 4 | (((pts >> 30) & 0x07) << 1) | 1;
885 val = (((pts >> 15) & 0x7fff) << 1) | 1;
888 val = (((pts) & 0x7fff) << 1) | 1;
893 /* Set an adaptation field flag in an MPEG-TS packet*/
894 static void set_af_flag(uint8_t *pkt, int flag)
896 // expect at least one flag to set
899 if ((pkt[3] & 0x20) == 0) {
900 // no AF yet, set adaptation field flag
902 // 1 byte length, no flags
909 /* Extend the adaptation field by size bytes */
910 static void extend_af(uint8_t *pkt, int size)
912 // expect already existing adaptation field
913 av_assert0(pkt[3] & 0x20);
917 /* Get a pointer to MPEG-TS payload (right after TS packet header) */
918 static uint8_t *get_ts_payload_start(uint8_t *pkt)
921 return pkt + 5 + pkt[4];
926 /* Add a PES header to the front of the payload, and segment into an integer
927 * number of TS packets. The final TS packet is padded using an oversized
928 * adaptation header to exactly fill the last TS packet.
929 * NOTE: 'payload' contains a complete PES payload. */
930 static void mpegts_write_pes(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st,
931 const uint8_t *payload, int payload_size,
932 int64_t pts, int64_t dts, int key)
934 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
935 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
936 uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
938 int val, is_start, len, header_len, write_pcr, is_dvb_subtitle, is_dvb_teletext, flags;
939 int afc_len, stuffing_len;
940 int64_t pcr = -1; /* avoid warning */
941 int64_t delay = av_rescale(s->max_delay, 90000, AV_TIME_BASE);
942 int force_pat = st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO && key && !ts_st->prev_payload_key;
945 while (payload_size > 0) {
946 retransmit_si_info(s, force_pat);
950 if (ts_st->pid == ts_st->service->pcr_pid) {
951 if (ts->mux_rate > 1 || is_start) // VBR pcr period is based on frames
952 ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count++;
953 if (ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count >=
954 ts_st->service->pcr_packet_period) {
955 ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count = 0;
960 if (ts->mux_rate > 1 && dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
961 (dts - get_pcr(ts, s->pb) / 300) > delay) {
962 /* pcr insert gets priority over null packet insert */
964 mpegts_insert_pcr_only(s, st);
966 mpegts_insert_null_packet(s);
967 /* recalculate write_pcr and possibly retransmit si_info */
971 /* prepare packet header */
974 val = ts_st->pid >> 8;
979 ts_st->cc = ts_st->cc + 1 & 0xf;
980 *q++ = 0x10 | ts_st->cc; // payload indicator + CC
981 if (key && is_start && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
982 // set Random Access for key frames
983 if (ts_st->pid == ts_st->service->pcr_pid)
985 set_af_flag(buf, 0x40);
986 q = get_ts_payload_start(buf);
989 set_af_flag(buf, 0x10);
990 q = get_ts_payload_start(buf);
991 // add 11, pcr references the last byte of program clock reference base
992 if (ts->mux_rate > 1)
993 pcr = get_pcr(ts, s->pb);
995 pcr = (dts - delay) * 300;
996 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts < pcr / 300)
997 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "dts < pcr, TS is invalid\n");
998 extend_af(buf, write_pcr_bits(q, pcr));
999 q = get_ts_payload_start(buf);
1002 int pes_extension = 0;
1003 int pes_header_stuffing_bytes = 0;
1004 /* write PES header */
1008 is_dvb_subtitle = 0;
1009 is_dvb_teletext = 0;
1010 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
1011 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC)
1015 } else if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
1016 (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MP2 ||
1017 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MP3 ||
1018 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC)) {
1020 } else if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
1021 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3 &&
1026 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE) {
1027 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_SUBTITLE) {
1028 is_dvb_subtitle = 1;
1029 } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_TELETEXT) {
1030 is_dvb_teletext = 1;
1036 if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1040 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts != pts) {
1044 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
1045 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC) {
1046 /* set PES_extension_flag */
1050 /* One byte for PES2 extension flag +
1051 * one byte for extension length +
1052 * one byte for extension id */
1055 /* for Blu-ray AC3 Audio the PES Extension flag should be as follow
1056 * otherwise it will not play sound on blu-ray
1058 if (ts->m2ts_mode &&
1059 st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
1060 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3) {
1061 /* set PES_extension_flag */
1066 if (is_dvb_teletext) {
1067 pes_header_stuffing_bytes = 0x24 - header_len;
1070 len = payload_size + header_len + 3;
1071 /* 3 extra bytes should be added to DVB subtitle payload: 0x20 0x00 at the beginning and trailing 0xff */
1072 if (is_dvb_subtitle) {
1078 if (ts->omit_video_pes_length && st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
1084 /* data alignment indicator is required for subtitle and data streams */
1085 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE || st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA)
1090 if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1091 write_pts(q, flags >> 6, pts);
1094 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts != pts) {
1095 write_pts(q, 1, dts);
1098 if (pes_extension && st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC) {
1099 flags = 0x01; /* set PES_extension_flag_2 */
1101 *q++ = 0x80 | 0x01; /* marker bit + extension length */
1102 /* Set the stream ID extension flag bit to 0 and
1103 * write the extended stream ID. */
1106 /* For Blu-ray AC3 Audio Setting extended flags */
1107 if (ts->m2ts_mode &&
1109 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3) {
1110 flags = 0x01; /* set PES_extension_flag_2 */
1112 *q++ = 0x80 | 0x01; /* marker bit + extension length */
1113 *q++ = 0x00 | 0x71; /* for AC3 Audio (specifically on blue-rays) */
1117 if (is_dvb_subtitle) {
1118 /* First two fields of DVB subtitles PES data:
1119 * data_identifier: for DVB subtitle streams shall be coded with the value 0x20
1120 * subtitle_stream_id: for DVB subtitle stream shall be identified by the value 0x00 */
1124 if (is_dvb_teletext) {
1125 memset(q, 0xff, pes_header_stuffing_bytes);
1126 q += pes_header_stuffing_bytes;
1131 header_len = q - buf;
1133 len = TS_PACKET_SIZE - header_len;
1134 if (len > payload_size)
1136 stuffing_len = TS_PACKET_SIZE - header_len - len;
1137 if (stuffing_len > 0) {
1138 /* add stuffing with AFC */
1139 if (buf[3] & 0x20) {
1140 /* stuffing already present: increase its size */
1141 afc_len = buf[4] + 1;
1142 memmove(buf + 4 + afc_len + stuffing_len,
1144 header_len - (4 + afc_len));
1145 buf[4] += stuffing_len;
1146 memset(buf + 4 + afc_len, 0xff, stuffing_len);
1149 memmove(buf + 4 + stuffing_len, buf + 4, header_len - 4);
1151 buf[4] = stuffing_len - 1;
1152 if (stuffing_len >= 2) {
1154 memset(buf + 6, 0xff, stuffing_len - 2);
1159 if (is_dvb_subtitle && payload_size == len) {
1160 memcpy(buf + TS_PACKET_SIZE - len, payload, len - 1);
1161 buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE - 1] = 0xff; /* end_of_PES_data_field_marker: an 8-bit field with fixed contents 0xff for DVB subtitle */
1163 memcpy(buf + TS_PACKET_SIZE - len, payload, len);
1167 payload_size -= len;
1168 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(s);
1169 avio_write(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
1171 ts_st->prev_payload_key = key;
1174 int ff_check_h264_startcode(AVFormatContext *s, const AVStream *st, const AVPacket *pkt)
1176 if (pkt->size < 5 || AV_RB32(pkt->data) != 0x0000001) {
1177 if (!st->nb_frames) {
1178 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "H.264 bitstream malformed, "
1179 "no startcode found, use the h264_mp4toannexb bitstream filter (-bsf h264_mp4toannexb)\n");
1180 return AVERROR(EINVAL);
1182 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "H.264 bitstream error, startcode missing\n");
1187 static int mpegts_write_packet_internal(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
1189 AVStream *st = s->streams[pkt->stream_index];
1190 int size = pkt->size;
1191 uint8_t *buf = pkt->data;
1192 uint8_t *data = NULL;
1193 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
1194 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
1195 const int64_t delay = av_rescale(s->max_delay, 90000, AV_TIME_BASE) * 2;
1196 int64_t dts = pkt->dts, pts = pkt->pts;
1198 if (ts->reemit_pat_pmt) {
1199 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
1200 "resend_headers option is deprecated, use -mpegts_flags resend_headers\n");
1201 ts->reemit_pat_pmt = 0;
1202 ts->flags |= MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT;
1205 if (ts->flags & MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT) {
1206 ts->pat_packet_count = ts->pat_packet_period - 1;
1207 ts->sdt_packet_count = ts->sdt_packet_period - 1;
1208 ts->flags &= ~MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT;
1211 if (ts->copyts < 1) {
1212 if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
1214 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
1218 if (ts_st->first_pts_check && pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1219 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "first pts value must be set\n");
1220 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1222 ts_st->first_pts_check = 0;
1224 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264) {
1225 const uint8_t *p = buf, *buf_end = p + size;
1226 uint32_t state = -1;
1227 int ret = ff_check_h264_startcode(s, st, pkt);
1232 p = avpriv_find_start_code(p, buf_end, &state);
1233 av_dlog(s, "nal %d\n", state & 0x1f);
1234 } while (p < buf_end && (state & 0x1f) != 9 &&
1235 (state & 0x1f) != 5 && (state & 0x1f) != 1);
1237 if ((state & 0x1f) != 9) { // AUD NAL
1238 data = av_malloc(pkt->size + 6);
1240 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
1241 memcpy(data + 6, pkt->data, pkt->size);
1242 AV_WB32(data, 0x00000001);
1244 data[5] = 0xf0; // any slice type (0xe) + rbsp stop one bit
1246 size = pkt->size + 6;
1248 } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC) {
1249 if (pkt->size < 2) {
1250 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "AAC packet too short\n");
1251 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1253 if ((AV_RB16(pkt->data) & 0xfff0) != 0xfff0) {
1258 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "AAC bitstream not in ADTS format "
1259 "and extradata missing\n");
1260 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1263 av_init_packet(&pkt2);
1264 pkt2.data = pkt->data;
1265 pkt2.size = pkt->size;
1266 av_assert0(pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE);
1267 pkt2.dts = av_rescale_q(pkt->dts, st->time_base, ts_st->amux->streams[0]->time_base);
1269 ret = avio_open_dyn_buf(&ts_st->amux->pb);
1271 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
1273 ret = av_write_frame(ts_st->amux, &pkt2);
1275 avio_close_dyn_buf(ts_st->amux->pb, &data);
1276 ts_st->amux->pb = NULL;
1280 size = avio_close_dyn_buf(ts_st->amux->pb, &data);
1281 ts_st->amux->pb = NULL;
1286 if (pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1288 for(i=0; i<s->nb_streams; i++) {
1289 AVStream *st2 = s->streams[i];
1290 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st2 = st2->priv_data;
1291 if ( ts_st2->payload_size
1292 && (ts_st2->payload_dts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE || dts - ts_st2->payload_dts > delay/2)) {
1293 mpegts_write_pes(s, st2, ts_st2->payload, ts_st2->payload_size,
1294 ts_st2->payload_pts, ts_st2->payload_dts,
1295 ts_st2->payload_flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1296 ts_st2->payload_size = 0;
1301 if (ts_st->payload_size && ts_st->payload_size + size > ts->pes_payload_size) {
1302 mpegts_write_pes(s, st, ts_st->payload, ts_st->payload_size,
1303 ts_st->payload_pts, ts_st->payload_dts,
1304 ts_st->payload_flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1305 ts_st->payload_size = 0;
1308 if (st->codec->codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO || size > ts->pes_payload_size) {
1309 av_assert0(!ts_st->payload_size);
1310 // for video and subtitle, write a single pes packet
1311 mpegts_write_pes(s, st, buf, size, pts, dts,
1312 pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1317 if (!ts_st->payload_size) {
1318 ts_st->payload_pts = pts;
1319 ts_st->payload_dts = dts;
1320 ts_st->payload_flags = pkt->flags;
1323 memcpy(ts_st->payload + ts_st->payload_size, buf, size);
1324 ts_st->payload_size += size;
1331 static void mpegts_write_flush(AVFormatContext *s)
1335 /* flush current packets */
1336 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
1337 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
1338 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
1339 if (ts_st->payload_size > 0) {
1340 mpegts_write_pes(s, st, ts_st->payload, ts_st->payload_size,
1341 ts_st->payload_pts, ts_st->payload_dts,
1342 ts_st->payload_flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1343 ts_st->payload_size = 0;
1348 static int mpegts_write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
1351 mpegts_write_flush(s);
1354 return mpegts_write_packet_internal(s, pkt);
1358 static int mpegts_write_end(AVFormatContext *s)
1360 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
1361 MpegTSService *service;
1364 mpegts_write_flush(s);
1366 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
1367 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
1368 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
1369 av_freep(&ts_st->payload);
1371 avformat_free_context(ts_st->amux);
1376 for (i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
1377 service = ts->services[i];
1378 av_freep(&service->provider_name);
1379 av_freep(&service->name);
1382 av_free(ts->services);
1387 static const AVOption options[] = {
1388 { "mpegts_transport_stream_id", "Set transport_stream_id field.",
1389 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, transport_stream_id), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1390 { .i64 = 0x0001 }, 0x0001, 0xffff, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1391 { "mpegts_original_network_id", "Set original_network_id field.",
1392 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, original_network_id), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1393 { .i64 = 0x0001 }, 0x0001, 0xffff, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1394 { "mpegts_service_id", "Set service_id field.",
1395 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, service_id), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1396 { .i64 = 0x0001 }, 0x0001, 0xffff, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1397 { "mpegts_pmt_start_pid", "Set the first pid of the PMT.",
1398 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, pmt_start_pid), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1399 { .i64 = 0x1000 }, 0x0010, 0x1f00, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1400 { "mpegts_start_pid", "Set the first pid.",
1401 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, start_pid), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1402 { .i64 = 0x0100 }, 0x0100, 0x0f00, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1403 { "mpegts_m2ts_mode", "Enable m2ts mode.",
1404 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, m2ts_mode), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1405 { .i64 = -1 }, -1, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1407 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, mux_rate), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1408 { .i64 = 1 }, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1409 { "pes_payload_size", "Minimum PES packet payload in bytes",
1410 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, pes_payload_size), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1411 { .i64 = DEFAULT_PES_PAYLOAD_SIZE }, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1412 { "mpegts_flags", "MPEG-TS muxing flags",
1413 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, flags), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, { .i64 = 0 }, 0, INT_MAX,
1414 AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "mpegts_flags" },
1415 { "resend_headers", "Reemit PAT/PMT before writing the next packet",
1416 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT }, 0, INT_MAX,
1417 AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "mpegts_flags" },
1418 { "latm", "Use LATM packetization for AAC",
1419 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM }, 0, INT_MAX,
1420 AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "mpegts_flags" },
1421 // backward compatibility
1422 { "resend_headers", "Reemit PAT/PMT before writing the next packet",
1423 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, reemit_pat_pmt), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1424 { .i64 = 0 }, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1425 { "mpegts_copyts", "don't offset dts/pts",
1426 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, copyts), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1427 { .i64 = -1 }, -1, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1428 { "tables_version", "set PAT, PMT and SDT version",
1429 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, tables_version), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1430 { .i64 = 0 }, 0, 31, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1431 { "omit_video_pes_length", "Omit the PES packet length for video packets",
1432 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, omit_video_pes_length), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1433 { .i64 = 1 }, 0, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1434 { "pcr_period", "PCR retransmission time",
1435 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, pcr_period), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
1436 { .i64 = PCR_RETRANS_TIME }, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
1440 static const AVClass mpegts_muxer_class = {
1441 .class_name = "MPEGTS muxer",
1442 .item_name = av_default_item_name,
1444 .version = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
1447 AVOutputFormat ff_mpegts_muxer = {
1449 .long_name = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("MPEG-TS (MPEG-2 Transport Stream)"),
1450 .mime_type = "video/MP2T",
1451 .extensions = "ts,m2t,m2ts,mts",
1452 .priv_data_size = sizeof(MpegTSWrite),
1453 .audio_codec = AV_CODEC_ID_MP2,
1454 .video_codec = AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO,
1455 .write_header = mpegts_write_header,
1456 .write_packet = mpegts_write_packet,
1457 .write_trailer = mpegts_write_end,
1458 .flags = AVFMT_ALLOW_FLUSH,
1459 .priv_class = &mpegts_muxer_class,