2 * MPEG2 transport stream (aka DVB) muxer
3 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
5 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
7 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
22 #include "libavutil/bswap.h"
23 #include "libavutil/crc.h"
24 #include "libavutil/dict.h"
25 #include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
26 #include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
27 #include "libavutil/opt.h"
28 #include "libavutil/avassert.h"
29 #include "libavcodec/internal.h"
34 #define PCR_TIME_BASE 27000000
36 /* write DVB SI sections */
38 /*********************************************/
39 /* mpegts section writer */
41 typedef struct MpegTSSection {
44 void (*write_packet)(struct MpegTSSection *s, const uint8_t *packet);
48 typedef struct MpegTSService {
49 MpegTSSection pmt; /* MPEG2 pmt table context */
50 int sid; /* service ID */
55 int pcr_packet_period;
58 typedef struct MpegTSWrite {
59 const AVClass *av_class;
60 MpegTSSection pat; /* MPEG2 pat table */
61 MpegTSSection sdt; /* MPEG2 sdt table context */
62 MpegTSService **services;
64 int sdt_packet_period;
66 int pat_packet_period;
71 int mux_rate; ///< set to 1 when VBR
74 int transport_stream_id;
75 int original_network_id;
82 int reemit_pat_pmt; // backward compatibility
84 #define MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT 0x01
85 #define MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM 0x02
90 int omit_video_pes_length;
93 /* a PES packet header is generated every DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ packets */
94 #define DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ 16
95 #define DEFAULT_PES_PAYLOAD_SIZE ((DEFAULT_PES_HEADER_FREQ - 1) * 184 + 170)
97 static const AVOption options[] = {
98 { "mpegts_transport_stream_id", "Set transport_stream_id field.",
99 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, transport_stream_id), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0x0001 }, 0x0001, 0xffff, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
100 { "mpegts_original_network_id", "Set original_network_id field.",
101 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, original_network_id), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0x0001 }, 0x0001, 0xffff, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
102 { "mpegts_service_id", "Set service_id field.",
103 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, service_id), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0x0001 }, 0x0001, 0xffff, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
104 { "mpegts_pmt_start_pid", "Set the first pid of the PMT.",
105 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, pmt_start_pid), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0x1000 }, 0x0010, 0x1f00, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
106 { "mpegts_start_pid", "Set the first pid.",
107 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, start_pid), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0x0100 }, 0x0100, 0x0f00, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
108 {"mpegts_m2ts_mode", "Enable m2ts mode.",
109 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, m2ts_mode), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = -1 },
110 -1,1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
111 { "muxrate", NULL, offsetof(MpegTSWrite, mux_rate), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 1}, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
112 { "pes_payload_size", "Minimum PES packet payload in bytes",
113 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, pes_payload_size), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = DEFAULT_PES_PAYLOAD_SIZE}, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
114 { "mpegts_flags", "MPEG-TS muxing flags", offsetof(MpegTSWrite, flags), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, {.i64 = 0}, 0, INT_MAX,
115 AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "mpegts_flags" },
116 { "resend_headers", "Reemit PAT/PMT before writing the next packet",
117 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT}, 0, INT_MAX,
118 AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "mpegts_flags"},
119 { "latm", "Use LATM packetization for AAC",
120 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM}, 0, INT_MAX,
121 AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "mpegts_flags"},
122 // backward compatibility
123 { "resend_headers", "Reemit PAT/PMT before writing the next packet",
124 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, reemit_pat_pmt), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
125 { "mpegts_copyts", "don't offset dts/pts",
126 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, copyts), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64=-1}, -1, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
127 { "tables_version", "set PAT, PMT and SDT version",
128 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, tables_version), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64=0}, 0, 31, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
129 { "omit_video_pes_length", "Omit the PES packet length for video packets",
130 offsetof(MpegTSWrite, omit_video_pes_length), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64=1}, 0, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
134 static const AVClass mpegts_muxer_class = {
135 .class_name = "MPEGTS muxer",
136 .item_name = av_default_item_name,
138 .version = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
141 /* NOTE: 4 bytes must be left at the end for the crc32 */
142 static void mpegts_write_section(MpegTSSection *s, uint8_t *buf, int len)
145 unsigned char packet[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
146 const unsigned char *buf_ptr;
148 int first, b, len1, left;
150 crc = av_bswap32(av_crc(av_crc_get_table(AV_CRC_32_IEEE), -1, buf, len - 4));
151 buf[len - 4] = (crc >> 24) & 0xff;
152 buf[len - 3] = (crc >> 16) & 0xff;
153 buf[len - 2] = (crc >> 8) & 0xff;
154 buf[len - 1] = (crc) & 0xff;
156 /* send each packet */
159 first = (buf == buf_ptr);
167 s->cc = (s->cc + 1) & 0xf;
170 *q++ = 0; /* 0 offset */
171 len1 = TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - packet);
174 memcpy(q, buf_ptr, len1);
176 /* add known padding data */
177 left = TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - packet);
179 memset(q, 0xff, left);
181 s->write_packet(s, packet);
188 static inline void put16(uint8_t **q_ptr, int val)
197 static int mpegts_write_section1(MpegTSSection *s, int tid, int id,
198 int version, int sec_num, int last_sec_num,
199 uint8_t *buf, int len)
201 uint8_t section[1024], *q;
202 unsigned int tot_len;
203 /* reserved_future_use field must be set to 1 for SDT */
204 unsigned int flags = tid == SDT_TID ? 0xf000 : 0xb000;
206 tot_len = 3 + 5 + len + 4;
207 /* check if not too big */
209 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
213 put16(&q, flags | (len + 5 + 4)); /* 5 byte header + 4 byte CRC */
215 *q++ = 0xc1 | (version << 1); /* current_next_indicator = 1 */
220 mpegts_write_section(s, section, tot_len);
224 /*********************************************/
227 #define DEFAULT_PROVIDER_NAME "FFmpeg"
228 #define DEFAULT_SERVICE_NAME "Service01"
230 /* we retransmit the SI info at this rate */
231 #define SDT_RETRANS_TIME 500
232 #define PAT_RETRANS_TIME 100
233 #define PCR_RETRANS_TIME 20
235 typedef struct MpegTSWriteStream {
236 struct MpegTSService *service;
237 int pid; /* stream associated pid */
240 int first_pts_check; ///< first pts check needed
241 int prev_payload_key;
246 AVFormatContext *amux;
249 static void mpegts_write_pat(AVFormatContext *s)
251 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
252 MpegTSService *service;
253 uint8_t data[1012], *q;
257 for(i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
258 service = ts->services[i];
259 put16(&q, service->sid);
260 put16(&q, 0xe000 | service->pmt.pid);
262 mpegts_write_section1(&ts->pat, PAT_TID, ts->tsid, ts->tables_version, 0, 0,
266 static int mpegts_write_pmt(AVFormatContext *s, MpegTSService *service)
268 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
269 uint8_t data[1012], *q, *desc_length_ptr, *program_info_length_ptr;
270 int val, stream_type, i;
273 put16(&q, 0xe000 | service->pcr_pid);
275 program_info_length_ptr = q;
276 q += 2; /* patched after */
278 /* put program info here */
280 val = 0xf000 | (q - program_info_length_ptr - 2);
281 program_info_length_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
282 program_info_length_ptr[1] = val;
284 for(i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
285 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
286 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
287 AVDictionaryEntry *lang = av_dict_get(st->metadata, "language", NULL,0);
288 switch(st->codec->codec_id) {
289 case AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO:
290 case AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO:
291 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_MPEG2;
293 case AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4:
294 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_MPEG4;
296 case AV_CODEC_ID_H264:
297 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_H264;
299 case AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC:
300 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_HEVC;
302 case AV_CODEC_ID_CAVS:
303 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_CAVS;
305 case AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC:
306 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_DIRAC;
308 case AV_CODEC_ID_MP2:
309 case AV_CODEC_ID_MP3:
310 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_MPEG1;
312 case AV_CODEC_ID_AAC:
313 stream_type = (ts->flags & MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM) ? STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AAC_LATM : STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AAC;
315 case AV_CODEC_ID_AAC_LATM:
316 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AAC_LATM;
318 case AV_CODEC_ID_AC3:
319 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_AC3;
321 case AV_CODEC_ID_DTS:
322 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_DTS;
324 case AV_CODEC_ID_TRUEHD:
325 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_AUDIO_TRUEHD;
328 stream_type = STREAM_TYPE_PRIVATE_DATA;
332 if (q - data > sizeof(data) - 32)
333 return AVERROR(EINVAL);
336 put16(&q, 0xe000 | ts_st->pid);
338 q += 2; /* patched after */
340 /* write optional descriptors here */
341 switch(st->codec->codec_type) {
342 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
343 if(st->codec->codec_id==AV_CODEC_ID_EAC3){
344 *q++=0x7a; // EAC3 descriptor see A038 DVB SI
345 *q++=1; // 1 byte, all flags sets to 0
346 *q++=0; // omit all fields...
348 if(st->codec->codec_id==AV_CODEC_ID_S302M){
349 *q++ = 0x05; /* MPEG-2 registration descriptor*/
359 char *next = lang->value;
362 *q++ = 0x0a; /* ISO 639 language descriptor */
366 for (p = lang->value; next && *len_ptr < 255 / 4 * 4 && q - data < sizeof(data) - 4; p = next + 1) {
367 next = strchr(p, ',');
368 if (strlen(p) != 3 && (!next || next != p + 3))
369 continue; /* not a 3-letter code */
375 if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_CLEAN_EFFECTS)
377 else if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_HEARING_IMPAIRED)
379 else if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_VISUAL_IMPAIRED)
382 *q++ = 0; /* undefined type */
388 q -= 2; /* no language codes were written */
391 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE:
393 const char default_language[] = "und";
394 const char *language = lang && strlen(lang->value) >= 3 ? lang->value : default_language;
396 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_SUBTITLE) {
398 int extradata_copied = 0;
400 *q++ = 0x59; /* subtitling_descriptor */
403 while (strlen(language) >= 3 && (sizeof(data) - (q - data)) >= 8) { /* 8 bytes per DVB subtitle substream data */
408 if (*language != '\0')
411 if (st->codec->extradata_size - extradata_copied >= 5) {
412 *q++ = st->codec->extradata[extradata_copied + 4]; /* subtitling_type */
413 memcpy(q, st->codec->extradata + extradata_copied, 4); /* composition_page_id and ancillary_page_id */
414 extradata_copied += 5;
418 * 0x10 - normal with no monitor aspect ratio criticality
419 * 0x20 - for the hard of hearing with no monitor aspect ratio criticality */
420 *q++ = (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_HEARING_IMPAIRED) ? 0x20 : 0x10;
421 if ((st->codec->extradata_size == 4) && (extradata_copied == 0)) {
422 /* support of old 4-byte extradata format */
423 memcpy(q, st->codec->extradata, 4); /* composition_page_id and ancillary_page_id */
424 extradata_copied += 4;
427 put16(&q, 1); /* composition_page_id */
428 put16(&q, 1); /* ancillary_page_id */
433 *len_ptr = q - len_ptr - 1;
434 } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_TELETEXT) {
435 uint8_t *len_ptr = NULL;
436 int extradata_copied = 0;
438 /* The descriptor tag. teletext_descriptor */
442 while (strlen(language) >= 3 && q - data < sizeof(data) - 6) {
447 if (*language != '\0')
450 if (st->codec->extradata_size - 1 > extradata_copied) {
451 memcpy(q, st->codec->extradata + extradata_copied, 2);
452 extradata_copied += 2;
455 /* The Teletext descriptor:
456 * teletext_type: This 5-bit field indicates the type of Teletext page indicated. (0x01 Initial Teletext page)
457 * teletext_magazine_number: This is a 3-bit field which identifies the magazine number.
458 * teletext_page_number: This is an 8-bit field giving two 4-bit hex digits identifying the page number. */
464 *len_ptr = q - len_ptr - 1;
468 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
469 if (stream_type == STREAM_TYPE_VIDEO_DIRAC) {
470 *q++ = 0x05; /*MPEG-2 registration descriptor*/
478 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA:
479 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_SMPTE_KLV) {
480 *q++ = 0x05; /* MPEG-2 registration descriptor */
490 val = 0xf000 | (q - desc_length_ptr - 2);
491 desc_length_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
492 desc_length_ptr[1] = val;
494 mpegts_write_section1(&service->pmt, PMT_TID, service->sid, ts->tables_version, 0, 0,
499 /* NOTE: str == NULL is accepted for an empty string */
500 static void putstr8(uint8_t **q_ptr, const char *str)
516 static void mpegts_write_sdt(AVFormatContext *s)
518 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
519 MpegTSService *service;
520 uint8_t data[1012], *q, *desc_list_len_ptr, *desc_len_ptr;
521 int i, running_status, free_ca_mode, val;
526 for(i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
527 service = ts->services[i];
528 put16(&q, service->sid);
529 *q++ = 0xfc | 0x00; /* currently no EIT info */
530 desc_list_len_ptr = q;
532 running_status = 4; /* running */
535 /* write only one descriptor for the service name and provider */
539 *q++ = 0x01; /* digital television service */
540 putstr8(&q, service->provider_name);
541 putstr8(&q, service->name);
542 desc_len_ptr[0] = q - desc_len_ptr - 1;
544 /* fill descriptor length */
545 val = (running_status << 13) | (free_ca_mode << 12) |
546 (q - desc_list_len_ptr - 2);
547 desc_list_len_ptr[0] = val >> 8;
548 desc_list_len_ptr[1] = val;
550 mpegts_write_section1(&ts->sdt, SDT_TID, ts->tsid, ts->tables_version, 0, 0,
554 static MpegTSService *mpegts_add_service(MpegTSWrite *ts,
556 const char *provider_name,
559 MpegTSService *service;
561 service = av_mallocz(sizeof(MpegTSService));
564 service->pmt.pid = ts->pmt_start_pid + ts->nb_services;
566 service->provider_name = av_strdup(provider_name);
567 service->name = av_strdup(name);
568 service->pcr_pid = 0x1fff;
569 dynarray_add(&ts->services, &ts->nb_services, service);
573 static int64_t get_pcr(const MpegTSWrite *ts, AVIOContext *pb)
575 return av_rescale(avio_tell(pb) + 11, 8 * PCR_TIME_BASE, ts->mux_rate) +
579 static void mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(AVFormatContext *s)
581 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
583 int64_t pcr = get_pcr(s->priv_data, s->pb);
584 uint32_t tp_extra_header = pcr % 0x3fffffff;
585 tp_extra_header = AV_RB32(&tp_extra_header);
586 avio_write(s->pb, (unsigned char *) &tp_extra_header,
587 sizeof(tp_extra_header));
591 static void section_write_packet(MpegTSSection *s, const uint8_t *packet)
593 AVFormatContext *ctx = s->opaque;
594 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(ctx);
595 avio_write(ctx->pb, packet, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
598 static int mpegts_write_header(AVFormatContext *s)
600 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
601 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st;
602 MpegTSService *service;
603 AVStream *st, *pcr_st = NULL;
604 AVDictionaryEntry *title, *provider;
606 const char *service_name;
607 const char *provider_name;
611 if (s->max_delay < 0) /* Not set by the caller */
614 // round up to a whole number of TS packets
615 ts->pes_payload_size = (ts->pes_payload_size + 14 + 183) / 184 * 184 - 14;
617 ts->tsid = ts->transport_stream_id;
618 ts->onid = ts->original_network_id;
619 /* allocate a single DVB service */
620 title = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "service_name", NULL, 0);
622 title = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "title", NULL, 0);
623 service_name = title ? title->value : DEFAULT_SERVICE_NAME;
624 provider = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "service_provider", NULL, 0);
625 provider_name = provider ? provider->value : DEFAULT_PROVIDER_NAME;
626 service = mpegts_add_service(ts, ts->service_id, provider_name, service_name);
627 service->pmt.write_packet = section_write_packet;
628 service->pmt.opaque = s;
629 service->pmt.cc = 15;
631 ts->pat.pid = PAT_PID;
632 ts->pat.cc = 15; // Initialize at 15 so that it wraps and be equal to 0 for the first packet we write
633 ts->pat.write_packet = section_write_packet;
636 ts->sdt.pid = SDT_PID;
638 ts->sdt.write_packet = section_write_packet;
641 pids = av_malloc_array(s->nb_streams, sizeof(*pids));
643 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
645 /* assign pids to each stream */
646 for(i = 0;i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
648 avpriv_set_pts_info(st, 33, 1, 90000);
649 ts_st = av_mallocz(sizeof(MpegTSWriteStream));
651 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
654 st->priv_data = ts_st;
655 ts_st->payload = av_mallocz(ts->pes_payload_size);
656 if (!ts_st->payload) {
657 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
660 ts_st->service = service;
661 /* MPEG pid values < 16 are reserved. Applications which set st->id in
662 * this range are assigned a calculated pid. */
664 ts_st->pid = ts->start_pid + i;
665 } else if (st->id < 0x1FFF) {
668 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Invalid stream id %d, must be less than 8191\n", st->id);
669 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
672 if (ts_st->pid == service->pmt.pid) {
673 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Duplicate stream id %d\n", ts_st->pid);
674 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
677 for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
678 if (pids[j] == ts_st->pid) {
679 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Duplicate stream id %d\n", ts_st->pid);
680 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
683 pids[i] = ts_st->pid;
684 ts_st->payload_pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
685 ts_st->payload_dts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
686 ts_st->first_pts_check = 1;
688 /* update PCR pid by using the first video stream */
689 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
690 service->pcr_pid == 0x1fff) {
691 service->pcr_pid = ts_st->pid;
694 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC &&
695 st->codec->extradata_size > 0)
698 ts_st->amux = avformat_alloc_context();
700 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
703 ts_st->amux->oformat = av_guess_format((ts->flags & MPEGTS_FLAG_AAC_LATM) ? "latm" : "adts", NULL, NULL);
704 if (!ts_st->amux->oformat) {
705 ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
708 ast = avformat_new_stream(ts_st->amux, NULL);
710 ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
713 ret = avcodec_copy_context(ast->codec, st->codec);
716 ret = avformat_write_header(ts_st->amux, NULL);
724 /* if no video stream, use the first stream as PCR */
725 if (service->pcr_pid == 0x1fff && s->nb_streams > 0) {
726 pcr_st = s->streams[0];
727 ts_st = pcr_st->priv_data;
728 service->pcr_pid = ts_st->pid;
731 if (ts->mux_rate > 1) {
732 service->pcr_packet_period = (ts->mux_rate * PCR_RETRANS_TIME) /
733 (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
734 ts->sdt_packet_period = (ts->mux_rate * SDT_RETRANS_TIME) /
735 (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
736 ts->pat_packet_period = (ts->mux_rate * PAT_RETRANS_TIME) /
737 (TS_PACKET_SIZE * 8 * 1000);
740 ts->first_pcr = av_rescale(s->max_delay, PCR_TIME_BASE, AV_TIME_BASE);
742 /* Arbitrary values, PAT/PMT will also be written on video key frames */
743 ts->sdt_packet_period = 200;
744 ts->pat_packet_period = 40;
745 if (pcr_st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
746 if (!pcr_st->codec->frame_size) {
747 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "frame size not set\n");
748 service->pcr_packet_period =
749 pcr_st->codec->sample_rate/(10*512);
751 service->pcr_packet_period =
752 pcr_st->codec->sample_rate/(10*pcr_st->codec->frame_size);
755 // max delta PCR 0.1s
756 service->pcr_packet_period =
757 pcr_st->codec->time_base.den/(10*pcr_st->codec->time_base.num);
759 if(!service->pcr_packet_period)
760 service->pcr_packet_period = 1;
763 // output a PCR as soon as possible
764 service->pcr_packet_count = service->pcr_packet_period;
765 ts->pat_packet_count = ts->pat_packet_period-1;
766 ts->sdt_packet_count = ts->sdt_packet_period-1;
768 if (ts->mux_rate == 1)
769 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "muxrate VBR, ");
771 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "muxrate %d, ", ts->mux_rate);
772 av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "pcr every %d pkts, "
773 "sdt every %d, pat/pmt every %d pkts\n",
774 service->pcr_packet_period,
775 ts->sdt_packet_period, ts->pat_packet_period);
777 if (ts->m2ts_mode == -1) {
778 if (av_match_ext(s->filename, "m2ts")) {
791 for(i = 0;i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
792 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st;
794 ts_st = st->priv_data;
796 av_freep(&ts_st->payload);
798 avformat_free_context(ts_st->amux);
802 av_freep(&st->priv_data);
807 /* send SDT, PAT and PMT tables regulary */
808 static void retransmit_si_info(AVFormatContext *s, int force_pat)
810 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
813 if (++ts->sdt_packet_count == ts->sdt_packet_period) {
814 ts->sdt_packet_count = 0;
817 if (++ts->pat_packet_count == ts->pat_packet_period || force_pat) {
818 ts->pat_packet_count = 0;
820 for(i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
821 mpegts_write_pmt(s, ts->services[i]);
826 static int write_pcr_bits(uint8_t *buf, int64_t pcr)
828 int64_t pcr_low = pcr % 300, pcr_high = pcr / 300;
830 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 25;
831 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 17;
832 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 9;
833 *buf++ = pcr_high >> 1;
834 *buf++ = pcr_high << 7 | pcr_low >> 8 | 0x7e;
840 /* Write a single null transport stream packet */
841 static void mpegts_insert_null_packet(AVFormatContext *s)
844 uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
851 memset(q, 0x0FF, TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - buf));
852 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(s);
853 avio_write(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
856 /* Write a single transport stream packet with a PCR and no payload */
857 static void mpegts_insert_pcr_only(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st)
859 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
860 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
862 uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
866 *q++ = ts_st->pid >> 8;
868 *q++ = 0x20 | ts_st->cc; /* Adaptation only */
869 /* Continuity Count field does not increment (see 13818-1 section 2.4.3.3) */
870 *q++ = TS_PACKET_SIZE - 5; /* Adaptation Field Length */
871 *q++ = 0x10; /* Adaptation flags: PCR present */
873 /* PCR coded into 6 bytes */
874 q += write_pcr_bits(q, get_pcr(ts, s->pb));
877 memset(q, 0xFF, TS_PACKET_SIZE - (q - buf));
878 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(s);
879 avio_write(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
882 static void write_pts(uint8_t *q, int fourbits, int64_t pts)
886 val = fourbits << 4 | (((pts >> 30) & 0x07) << 1) | 1;
888 val = (((pts >> 15) & 0x7fff) << 1) | 1;
891 val = (((pts) & 0x7fff) << 1) | 1;
896 /* Set an adaptation field flag in an MPEG-TS packet*/
897 static void set_af_flag(uint8_t *pkt, int flag)
899 // expect at least one flag to set
902 if ((pkt[3] & 0x20) == 0) {
903 // no AF yet, set adaptation field flag
905 // 1 byte length, no flags
912 /* Extend the adaptation field by size bytes */
913 static void extend_af(uint8_t *pkt, int size)
915 // expect already existing adaptation field
916 av_assert0(pkt[3] & 0x20);
920 /* Get a pointer to MPEG-TS payload (right after TS packet header) */
921 static uint8_t *get_ts_payload_start(uint8_t *pkt)
924 return pkt + 5 + pkt[4];
929 /* Add a pes header to the front of payload, and segment into an integer number of
930 * ts packets. The final ts packet is padded using an over-sized adaptation header
931 * to exactly fill the last ts packet.
932 * NOTE: 'payload' contains a complete PES payload.
934 static void mpegts_write_pes(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st,
935 const uint8_t *payload, int payload_size,
936 int64_t pts, int64_t dts, int key)
938 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
939 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
940 uint8_t buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE];
942 int val, is_start, len, header_len, write_pcr, is_dvb_subtitle, is_dvb_teletext, flags;
943 int afc_len, stuffing_len;
944 int64_t pcr = -1; /* avoid warning */
945 int64_t delay = av_rescale(s->max_delay, 90000, AV_TIME_BASE);
946 int force_pat = st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO && key && !ts_st->prev_payload_key;
949 while (payload_size > 0) {
950 retransmit_si_info(s, force_pat);
954 if (ts_st->pid == ts_st->service->pcr_pid) {
955 if (ts->mux_rate > 1 || is_start) // VBR pcr period is based on frames
956 ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count++;
957 if (ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count >=
958 ts_st->service->pcr_packet_period) {
959 ts_st->service->pcr_packet_count = 0;
964 if (ts->mux_rate > 1 && dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
965 (dts - get_pcr(ts, s->pb)/300) > delay) {
966 /* pcr insert gets priority over null packet insert */
968 mpegts_insert_pcr_only(s, st);
970 mpegts_insert_null_packet(s);
971 continue; /* recalculate write_pcr and possibly retransmit si_info */
974 /* prepare packet header */
977 val = (ts_st->pid >> 8);
982 ts_st->cc = (ts_st->cc + 1) & 0xf;
983 *q++ = 0x10 | ts_st->cc; // payload indicator + CC
984 if (key && is_start && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
985 // set Random Access for key frames
986 if (ts_st->pid == ts_st->service->pcr_pid)
988 set_af_flag(buf, 0x40);
989 q = get_ts_payload_start(buf);
992 set_af_flag(buf, 0x10);
993 q = get_ts_payload_start(buf);
994 // add 11, pcr references the last byte of program clock reference base
995 if (ts->mux_rate > 1)
996 pcr = get_pcr(ts, s->pb);
998 pcr = (dts - delay)*300;
999 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts < pcr / 300)
1000 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "dts < pcr, TS is invalid\n");
1001 extend_af(buf, write_pcr_bits(q, pcr));
1002 q = get_ts_payload_start(buf);
1005 int pes_extension = 0;
1006 int pes_header_stuffing_bytes = 0;
1007 /* write PES header */
1011 is_dvb_subtitle = 0;
1012 is_dvb_teletext = 0;
1013 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
1014 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC) {
1018 } else if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
1019 (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MP2 ||
1020 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MP3 ||
1021 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC)) {
1023 } else if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
1024 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3 &&
1029 if(st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE) {
1030 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_SUBTITLE) {
1031 is_dvb_subtitle = 1;
1032 } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVB_TELETEXT) {
1033 is_dvb_teletext = 1;
1039 if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1043 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts != pts) {
1047 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
1048 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC) {
1049 /* set PES_extension_flag */
1054 * One byte for PES2 extension flag +
1055 * one byte for extension length +
1056 * one byte for extension id
1060 /* for Blu-ray AC3 Audio the PES Extension flag should be as follow
1061 * otherwise it will not play sound on blu-ray
1063 if (ts->m2ts_mode &&
1064 st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
1065 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3) {
1066 /* set PES_extension_flag */
1071 if (is_dvb_teletext) {
1072 pes_header_stuffing_bytes = 0x24 - header_len;
1075 len = payload_size + header_len + 3;
1076 /* 3 extra bytes should be added to DVB subtitle payload: 0x20 0x00 at the beginning and trailing 0xff */
1077 if (is_dvb_subtitle) {
1083 if (ts->omit_video_pes_length && st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
1089 /* data alignment indicator is required for subtitle and data streams */
1090 if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE || st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA)
1095 if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1096 write_pts(q, flags >> 6, pts);
1099 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && dts != pts) {
1100 write_pts(q, 1, dts);
1103 if (pes_extension && st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DIRAC) {
1104 flags = 0x01; /* set PES_extension_flag_2 */
1106 *q++ = 0x80 | 0x01; /* marker bit + extension length */
1108 * Set the stream id extension flag bit to 0 and
1109 * write the extended stream id
1113 /* For Blu-ray AC3 Audio Setting extended flags */
1114 if (ts->m2ts_mode &&
1116 st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3) {
1117 flags = 0x01; /* set PES_extension_flag_2 */
1119 *q++ = 0x80 | 0x01; /* marker bit + extension length */
1120 *q++ = 0x00 | 0x71; /* for AC3 Audio (specifically on blue-rays) */
1124 if (is_dvb_subtitle) {
1125 /* First two fields of DVB subtitles PES data:
1126 * data_identifier: for DVB subtitle streams shall be coded with the value 0x20
1127 * subtitle_stream_id: for DVB subtitle stream shall be identified by the value 0x00 */
1131 if (is_dvb_teletext) {
1132 memset(q, 0xff, pes_header_stuffing_bytes);
1133 q += pes_header_stuffing_bytes;
1138 header_len = q - buf;
1140 len = TS_PACKET_SIZE - header_len;
1141 if (len > payload_size)
1143 stuffing_len = TS_PACKET_SIZE - header_len - len;
1144 if (stuffing_len > 0) {
1145 /* add stuffing with AFC */
1146 if (buf[3] & 0x20) {
1147 /* stuffing already present: increase its size */
1148 afc_len = buf[4] + 1;
1149 memmove(buf + 4 + afc_len + stuffing_len,
1151 header_len - (4 + afc_len));
1152 buf[4] += stuffing_len;
1153 memset(buf + 4 + afc_len, 0xff, stuffing_len);
1156 memmove(buf + 4 + stuffing_len, buf + 4, header_len - 4);
1158 buf[4] = stuffing_len - 1;
1159 if (stuffing_len >= 2) {
1161 memset(buf + 6, 0xff, stuffing_len - 2);
1166 if (is_dvb_subtitle && payload_size == len) {
1167 memcpy(buf + TS_PACKET_SIZE - len, payload, len - 1);
1168 buf[TS_PACKET_SIZE - 1] = 0xff; /* end_of_PES_data_field_marker: an 8-bit field with fixed contents 0xff for DVB subtitle */
1170 memcpy(buf + TS_PACKET_SIZE - len, payload, len);
1174 payload_size -= len;
1175 mpegts_prefix_m2ts_header(s);
1176 avio_write(s->pb, buf, TS_PACKET_SIZE);
1179 ts_st->prev_payload_key = key;
1182 int ff_check_h264_startcode(AVFormatContext *s, const AVStream *st, const AVPacket *pkt)
1184 if (pkt->size < 5 || AV_RB32(pkt->data) != 0x0000001) {
1185 if (!st->nb_frames) {
1186 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "H.264 bitstream malformed, "
1187 "no startcode found, use the h264_mp4toannexb bitstream filter (-bsf h264_mp4toannexb)\n");
1188 return AVERROR(EINVAL);
1190 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "H.264 bitstream error, startcode missing\n");
1195 static int mpegts_write_packet_internal(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
1197 AVStream *st = s->streams[pkt->stream_index];
1198 int size = pkt->size;
1199 uint8_t *buf= pkt->data;
1200 uint8_t *data= NULL;
1201 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
1202 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
1203 const int64_t delay = av_rescale(s->max_delay, 90000, AV_TIME_BASE)*2;
1204 int64_t dts = pkt->dts, pts = pkt->pts;
1206 if (ts->reemit_pat_pmt) {
1207 av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "resend_headers option is deprecated, use -mpegts_flags resend_headers\n");
1208 ts->reemit_pat_pmt = 0;
1209 ts->flags |= MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT;
1212 if (ts->flags & MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT) {
1213 ts->pat_packet_count = ts->pat_packet_period - 1;
1214 ts->sdt_packet_count = ts->sdt_packet_period - 1;
1215 ts->flags &= ~MPEGTS_FLAG_REEMIT_PAT_PMT;
1219 if (pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
1221 if (dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE)
1225 if (ts_st->first_pts_check && pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1226 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "first pts value must be set\n");
1227 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1229 ts_st->first_pts_check = 0;
1231 if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264) {
1232 const uint8_t *p = buf, *buf_end = p+size;
1233 uint32_t state = -1;
1234 int ret = ff_check_h264_startcode(s, st, pkt);
1239 p = avpriv_find_start_code(p, buf_end, &state);
1240 av_dlog(s, "nal %d\n", state & 0x1f);
1241 } while (p < buf_end && (state & 0x1f) != 9 &&
1242 (state & 0x1f) != 5 && (state & 0x1f) != 1);
1244 if ((state & 0x1f) != 9) { // AUD NAL
1245 data = av_malloc(pkt->size+6);
1247 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
1248 memcpy(data+6, pkt->data, pkt->size);
1249 AV_WB32(data, 0x00000001);
1251 data[5] = 0xf0; // any slice type (0xe) + rbsp stop one bit
1255 } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC) {
1256 if (pkt->size < 2) {
1257 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "AAC packet too short\n");
1258 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1260 if ((AV_RB16(pkt->data) & 0xfff0) != 0xfff0) {
1265 av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "AAC bitstream not in ADTS format "
1266 "and extradata missing\n");
1267 return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1270 av_init_packet(&pkt2);
1271 pkt2.data = pkt->data;
1272 pkt2.size = pkt->size;
1273 av_assert0(pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE);
1274 pkt2.dts = av_rescale_q(pkt->dts, st->time_base, ts_st->amux->streams[0]->time_base);
1275 ret = avio_open_dyn_buf(&ts_st->amux->pb);
1277 return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
1279 ret = av_write_frame(ts_st->amux, &pkt2);
1281 avio_close_dyn_buf(ts_st->amux->pb, &data);
1282 ts_st->amux->pb = NULL;
1286 size = avio_close_dyn_buf(ts_st->amux->pb, &data);
1287 ts_st->amux->pb = NULL;
1292 if (pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
1294 for(i=0; i<s->nb_streams; i++){
1295 AVStream *st2 = s->streams[i];
1296 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st2 = st2->priv_data;
1297 if( ts_st2->payload_size
1298 && (ts_st2->payload_dts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE || dts - ts_st2->payload_dts > delay/2)){
1299 mpegts_write_pes(s, st2, ts_st2->payload, ts_st2->payload_size,
1300 ts_st2->payload_pts, ts_st2->payload_dts,
1301 ts_st2->payload_flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1302 ts_st2->payload_size = 0;
1307 if (ts_st->payload_size && ts_st->payload_size + size > ts->pes_payload_size) {
1308 mpegts_write_pes(s, st, ts_st->payload, ts_st->payload_size,
1309 ts_st->payload_pts, ts_st->payload_dts,
1310 ts_st->payload_flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1311 ts_st->payload_size = 0;
1314 if (st->codec->codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO || size > ts->pes_payload_size) {
1315 av_assert0(!ts_st->payload_size);
1316 // for video and subtitle, write a single pes packet
1317 mpegts_write_pes(s, st, buf, size, pts, dts, pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1322 if (!ts_st->payload_size) {
1323 ts_st->payload_pts = pts;
1324 ts_st->payload_dts = dts;
1325 ts_st->payload_flags = pkt->flags;
1328 memcpy(ts_st->payload + ts_st->payload_size, buf, size);
1329 ts_st->payload_size += size;
1336 static void mpegts_write_flush(AVFormatContext *s)
1340 /* flush current packets */
1341 for(i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
1342 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
1343 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
1344 if (ts_st->payload_size > 0) {
1345 mpegts_write_pes(s, st, ts_st->payload, ts_st->payload_size,
1346 ts_st->payload_pts, ts_st->payload_dts,
1347 ts_st->payload_flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
1348 ts_st->payload_size = 0;
1354 static int mpegts_write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
1357 mpegts_write_flush(s);
1360 return mpegts_write_packet_internal(s, pkt);
1364 static int mpegts_write_end(AVFormatContext *s)
1366 MpegTSWrite *ts = s->priv_data;
1367 MpegTSService *service;
1370 mpegts_write_flush(s);
1372 for(i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
1373 AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
1374 MpegTSWriteStream *ts_st = st->priv_data;
1375 av_freep(&ts_st->payload);
1377 avformat_free_context(ts_st->amux);
1382 for(i = 0; i < ts->nb_services; i++) {
1383 service = ts->services[i];
1384 av_freep(&service->provider_name);
1385 av_freep(&service->name);
1388 av_free(ts->services);
1393 AVOutputFormat ff_mpegts_muxer = {
1395 .long_name = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("MPEG-TS (MPEG-2 Transport Stream)"),
1396 .mime_type = "video/MP2T",
1397 .extensions = "ts,m2t,m2ts,mts",
1398 .priv_data_size = sizeof(MpegTSWrite),
1399 .audio_codec = AV_CODEC_ID_MP2,
1400 .video_codec = AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO,
1401 .write_header = mpegts_write_header,
1402 .write_packet = mpegts_write_packet,
1403 .write_trailer = mpegts_write_end,
1404 .flags = AVFMT_ALLOW_FLUSH,
1405 .priv_class = &mpegts_muxer_class,