2 Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
3 Copyright (C) 2004-2021 The Stockfish developers (see AUTHORS file)
5 Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
8 (at your option) any later version.
10 Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 GNU General Public License for more details.
15 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
26 template<GenType Type, Direction D>
27 ExtMove* make_promotions(ExtMove* moveList, Square to, Square ksq) {
29 if (Type == CAPTURES || Type == EVASIONS || Type == NON_EVASIONS)
31 *moveList++ = make<PROMOTION>(to - D, to, QUEEN);
32 if (attacks_bb<KNIGHT>(to) & ksq)
33 *moveList++ = make<PROMOTION>(to - D, to, KNIGHT);
36 if (Type == QUIETS || Type == EVASIONS || Type == NON_EVASIONS)
38 *moveList++ = make<PROMOTION>(to - D, to, ROOK);
39 *moveList++ = make<PROMOTION>(to - D, to, BISHOP);
40 if (!(attacks_bb<KNIGHT>(to) & ksq))
41 *moveList++ = make<PROMOTION>(to - D, to, KNIGHT);
48 template<Color Us, GenType Type>
49 ExtMove* generate_pawn_moves(const Position& pos, ExtMove* moveList, Bitboard target) {
51 constexpr Color Them = ~Us;
52 constexpr Bitboard TRank7BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank7BB : Rank2BB);
53 constexpr Bitboard TRank3BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank3BB : Rank6BB);
54 constexpr Direction Up = pawn_push(Us);
55 constexpr Direction UpRight = (Us == WHITE ? NORTH_EAST : SOUTH_WEST);
56 constexpr Direction UpLeft = (Us == WHITE ? NORTH_WEST : SOUTH_EAST);
58 const Square ksq = pos.square<KING>(Them);
59 Bitboard emptySquares;
61 Bitboard pawnsOn7 = pos.pieces(Us, PAWN) & TRank7BB;
62 Bitboard pawnsNotOn7 = pos.pieces(Us, PAWN) & ~TRank7BB;
64 Bitboard enemies = (Type == EVASIONS ? pos.pieces(Them) & target:
65 Type == CAPTURES ? target : pos.pieces(Them));
67 // Single and double pawn pushes, no promotions
70 emptySquares = (Type == QUIETS || Type == QUIET_CHECKS ? target : ~pos.pieces());
72 Bitboard b1 = shift<Up>(pawnsNotOn7) & emptySquares;
73 Bitboard b2 = shift<Up>(b1 & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
75 if (Type == EVASIONS) // Consider only blocking squares
81 if (Type == QUIET_CHECKS)
83 b1 &= pawn_attacks_bb(Them, ksq);
84 b2 &= pawn_attacks_bb(Them, ksq);
86 // Add pawn pushes which give discovered check. This is possible only
87 // if the pawn is not on the same file as the enemy king, because we
88 // don't generate captures. Note that a possible discovered check
89 // promotion has been already generated amongst the captures.
90 Bitboard dcCandidateQuiets = pos.blockers_for_king(Them) & pawnsNotOn7;
91 if (dcCandidateQuiets)
93 Bitboard dc1 = shift<Up>(dcCandidateQuiets) & emptySquares & ~file_bb(ksq);
94 Bitboard dc2 = shift<Up>(dc1 & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
103 Square to = pop_lsb(&b1);
104 *moveList++ = make_move(to - Up, to);
109 Square to = pop_lsb(&b2);
110 *moveList++ = make_move(to - Up - Up, to);
114 // Promotions and underpromotions
117 if (Type == CAPTURES)
118 emptySquares = ~pos.pieces();
120 if (Type == EVASIONS)
121 emptySquares &= target;
123 Bitboard b1 = shift<UpRight>(pawnsOn7) & enemies;
124 Bitboard b2 = shift<UpLeft >(pawnsOn7) & enemies;
125 Bitboard b3 = shift<Up >(pawnsOn7) & emptySquares;
128 moveList = make_promotions<Type, UpRight>(moveList, pop_lsb(&b1), ksq);
131 moveList = make_promotions<Type, UpLeft >(moveList, pop_lsb(&b2), ksq);
134 moveList = make_promotions<Type, Up >(moveList, pop_lsb(&b3), ksq);
137 // Standard and en passant captures
138 if (Type == CAPTURES || Type == EVASIONS || Type == NON_EVASIONS)
140 Bitboard b1 = shift<UpRight>(pawnsNotOn7) & enemies;
141 Bitboard b2 = shift<UpLeft >(pawnsNotOn7) & enemies;
145 Square to = pop_lsb(&b1);
146 *moveList++ = make_move(to - UpRight, to);
151 Square to = pop_lsb(&b2);
152 *moveList++ = make_move(to - UpLeft, to);
155 if (pos.ep_square() != SQ_NONE)
157 assert(rank_of(pos.ep_square()) == relative_rank(Us, RANK_6));
159 // An en passant capture cannot resolve a discovered check.
160 if (Type == EVASIONS && (target & (pos.ep_square() + Up)))
163 b1 = pawnsNotOn7 & pawn_attacks_bb(Them, pos.ep_square());
168 *moveList++ = make<EN_PASSANT>(pop_lsb(&b1), pos.ep_square());
176 template<PieceType Pt, bool Checks>
177 ExtMove* generate_moves(const Position& pos, ExtMove* moveList, Bitboard piecesToMove, Bitboard target) {
179 static_assert(Pt != KING && Pt != PAWN, "Unsupported piece type in generate_moves()");
181 Bitboard bb = piecesToMove & pos.pieces(Pt);
186 [[maybe_unused]] const Bitboard checkSquares = pos.check_squares(Pt);
189 Square from = pop_lsb(&bb);
191 Bitboard b = attacks_bb<Pt>(from, pos.pieces()) & target;
192 if constexpr (Checks)
196 *moveList++ = make_move(from, pop_lsb(&b));
203 template<Color Us, GenType Type>
204 ExtMove* generate_all(const Position& pos, ExtMove* moveList) {
206 static_assert(Type != LEGAL, "Unsupported type in generate_all()");
208 constexpr bool Checks = Type == QUIET_CHECKS; // Reduce template instantiations
209 Bitboard target, piecesToMove = pos.pieces(Us);
211 if(Type == QUIET_CHECKS)
212 piecesToMove &= ~pos.blockers_for_king(~Us);
217 target = pos.pieces(~Us);
221 target = ~pos.pieces();
225 Square checksq = lsb(pos.checkers());
226 target = between_bb(pos.square<KING>(Us), checksq) | checksq;
230 target = ~pos.pieces(Us);
234 moveList = generate_pawn_moves<Us, Type>(pos, moveList, target);
235 moveList = generate_moves<KNIGHT, Checks>(pos, moveList, piecesToMove, target);
236 moveList = generate_moves<BISHOP, Checks>(pos, moveList, piecesToMove, target);
237 moveList = generate_moves< ROOK, Checks>(pos, moveList, piecesToMove, target);
238 moveList = generate_moves< QUEEN, Checks>(pos, moveList, piecesToMove, target);
240 if (Type != QUIET_CHECKS && Type != EVASIONS)
242 Square ksq = pos.square<KING>(Us);
243 Bitboard b = attacks_bb<KING>(ksq) & target;
245 *moveList++ = make_move(ksq, pop_lsb(&b));
247 if ((Type != CAPTURES) && pos.can_castle(Us & ANY_CASTLING))
248 for (CastlingRights cr : { Us & KING_SIDE, Us & QUEEN_SIDE } )
249 if (!pos.castling_impeded(cr) && pos.can_castle(cr))
250 *moveList++ = make<CASTLING>(ksq, pos.castling_rook_square(cr));
259 /// <CAPTURES> Generates all pseudo-legal captures plus queen and checking knight promotions
260 /// <QUIETS> Generates all pseudo-legal non-captures and underpromotions (except checking knight)
261 /// <NON_EVASIONS> Generates all pseudo-legal captures and non-captures
263 /// Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
265 template<GenType Type>
266 ExtMove* generate(const Position& pos, ExtMove* moveList) {
268 static_assert(Type == CAPTURES || Type == QUIETS || Type == NON_EVASIONS, "Unsupported type in generate()");
269 assert(!pos.checkers());
271 Color us = pos.side_to_move();
273 return us == WHITE ? generate_all<WHITE, Type>(pos, moveList)
274 : generate_all<BLACK, Type>(pos, moveList);
277 // Explicit template instantiations
278 template ExtMove* generate<CAPTURES>(const Position&, ExtMove*);
279 template ExtMove* generate<QUIETS>(const Position&, ExtMove*);
280 template ExtMove* generate<NON_EVASIONS>(const Position&, ExtMove*);
283 /// generate<QUIET_CHECKS> generates all pseudo-legal non-captures giving check,
284 /// except castling. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
286 ExtMove* generate<QUIET_CHECKS>(const Position& pos, ExtMove* moveList) {
288 assert(!pos.checkers());
290 Color us = pos.side_to_move();
291 Bitboard dc = pos.blockers_for_king(~us) & pos.pieces(us) & ~pos.pieces(PAWN);
295 Square from = pop_lsb(&dc);
296 PieceType pt = type_of(pos.piece_on(from));
298 Bitboard b = attacks_bb(pt, from, pos.pieces()) & ~pos.pieces();
301 b &= ~attacks_bb<QUEEN>(pos.square<KING>(~us));
304 *moveList++ = make_move(from, pop_lsb(&b));
307 return us == WHITE ? generate_all<WHITE, QUIET_CHECKS>(pos, moveList)
308 : generate_all<BLACK, QUIET_CHECKS>(pos, moveList);
312 /// generate<EVASIONS> generates all pseudo-legal check evasions when the side
313 /// to move is in check. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
315 ExtMove* generate<EVASIONS>(const Position& pos, ExtMove* moveList) {
317 assert(pos.checkers());
319 Color us = pos.side_to_move();
320 Square ksq = pos.square<KING>(us);
321 Bitboard sliderAttacks = 0;
322 Bitboard sliders = pos.checkers() & ~pos.pieces(KNIGHT, PAWN);
324 // Find all the squares attacked by slider checkers. We will remove them from
325 // the king evasions in order to skip known illegal moves, which avoids any
326 // useless legality checks later on.
328 sliderAttacks |= line_bb(ksq, pop_lsb(&sliders)) & ~pos.checkers();
330 // Generate evasions for king, capture and non capture moves
331 Bitboard b = attacks_bb<KING>(ksq) & ~pos.pieces(us) & ~sliderAttacks;
333 *moveList++ = make_move(ksq, pop_lsb(&b));
335 if (more_than_one(pos.checkers()))
336 return moveList; // Double check, only a king move can save the day
338 // Generate blocking evasions or captures of the checking piece
339 return us == WHITE ? generate_all<WHITE, EVASIONS>(pos, moveList)
340 : generate_all<BLACK, EVASIONS>(pos, moveList);
344 /// generate<LEGAL> generates all the legal moves in the given position
347 ExtMove* generate<LEGAL>(const Position& pos, ExtMove* moveList) {
349 Color us = pos.side_to_move();
350 Bitboard pinned = pos.blockers_for_king(us) & pos.pieces(us);
351 Square ksq = pos.square<KING>(us);
352 ExtMove* cur = moveList;
354 moveList = pos.checkers() ? generate<EVASIONS >(pos, moveList)
355 : generate<NON_EVASIONS>(pos, moveList);
356 while (cur != moveList)
357 if ( (pinned || from_sq(*cur) == ksq || type_of(*cur) == EN_PASSANT)
359 *cur = (--moveList)->move;