2 Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
3 Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
4 Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
6 Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
9 (at your option) any later version.
11 Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 GNU General Public License for more details.
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 /// Simple macro to wrap a very common while loop, no facny, no flexibility,
26 /// hardcoded names 'mlist' and 'from'.
27 #define SERIALIZE(b) while (b) (mlist++)->move = make_move(from, pop_lsb(&b))
29 /// Version used for pawns, where the 'from' square is given as a delta from the 'to' square
30 #define SERIALIZE_PAWNS(b, d) while (b) { Square to = pop_lsb(&b); \
31 (mlist++)->move = make_move(to - (d), to); }
34 template<CastlingSide Side, bool Checks, bool Chess960>
35 ExtMove* generate_castle(const Position& pos, ExtMove* mlist, Color us) {
37 if (pos.castle_impeded(us, Side) || !pos.can_castle(make_castle_right(us, Side)))
40 // After castling, the rook and king final positions are the same in Chess960
41 // as they would be in standard chess.
42 Square kfrom = pos.king_square(us);
43 Square rfrom = pos.castle_rook_square(us, Side);
44 Square kto = relative_square(us, Side == KING_SIDE ? SQ_G1 : SQ_C1);
45 Bitboard enemies = pos.pieces(~us);
47 assert(!pos.checkers());
49 const int K = Chess960 ? kto > kfrom ? -1 : 1
50 : Side == KING_SIDE ? -1 : 1;
52 for (Square s = kto; s != kfrom; s += (Square)K)
53 if (pos.attackers_to(s) & enemies)
56 // Because we generate only legal castling moves we need to verify that
57 // when moving the castling rook we do not discover some hidden checker.
58 // For instance an enemy queen in SQ_A1 when castling rook is in SQ_B1.
59 if (Chess960 && (pos.attackers_to(kto, pos.pieces() ^ rfrom) & enemies))
62 (mlist++)->move = make<CASTLE>(kfrom, rfrom);
64 if (Checks && !pos.move_gives_check((mlist - 1)->move, CheckInfo(pos)))
71 template<GenType Type, Square Delta>
72 inline ExtMove* generate_promotions(ExtMove* mlist, Bitboard pawnsOn7,
73 Bitboard target, const CheckInfo* ci) {
75 Bitboard b = shift_bb<Delta>(pawnsOn7) & target;
79 Square to = pop_lsb(&b);
81 if (Type == CAPTURES || Type == EVASIONS || Type == NON_EVASIONS)
82 (mlist++)->move = make<PROMOTION>(to - Delta, to, QUEEN);
84 if (Type == QUIETS || Type == EVASIONS || Type == NON_EVASIONS)
86 (mlist++)->move = make<PROMOTION>(to - Delta, to, ROOK);
87 (mlist++)->move = make<PROMOTION>(to - Delta, to, BISHOP);
88 (mlist++)->move = make<PROMOTION>(to - Delta, to, KNIGHT);
91 // Knight-promotion is the only one that can give a direct check not
92 // already included in the queen-promotion.
93 if (Type == QUIET_CHECKS && (StepAttacksBB[W_KNIGHT][to] & ci->ksq))
94 (mlist++)->move = make<PROMOTION>(to - Delta, to, KNIGHT);
96 (void)ci; // Silence a warning under MSVC
103 template<Color Us, GenType Type>
104 ExtMove* generate_pawn_moves(const Position& pos, ExtMove* mlist,
105 Bitboard target, const CheckInfo* ci) {
107 // Compute our parametrized parameters at compile time, named according to
108 // the point of view of white side.
109 const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
110 const Bitboard TRank8BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank8BB : Rank1BB);
111 const Bitboard TRank7BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank7BB : Rank2BB);
112 const Bitboard TRank3BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank3BB : Rank6BB);
113 const Square Up = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_N : DELTA_S);
114 const Square Right = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NE : DELTA_SW);
115 const Square Left = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NW : DELTA_SE);
117 Bitboard b1, b2, dc1, dc2, emptySquares;
119 Bitboard pawnsOn7 = pos.pieces(Us, PAWN) & TRank7BB;
120 Bitboard pawnsNotOn7 = pos.pieces(Us, PAWN) & ~TRank7BB;
122 Bitboard enemies = (Type == EVASIONS ? pos.pieces(Them) & target:
123 Type == CAPTURES ? target : pos.pieces(Them));
125 // Single and double pawn pushes, no promotions
126 if (Type != CAPTURES)
128 emptySquares = (Type == QUIETS || Type == QUIET_CHECKS ? target : ~pos.pieces());
130 b1 = shift_bb<Up>(pawnsNotOn7) & emptySquares;
131 b2 = shift_bb<Up>(b1 & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
133 if (Type == EVASIONS) // Consider only blocking squares
139 if (Type == QUIET_CHECKS)
141 b1 &= pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(ci->ksq, Them);
142 b2 &= pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(ci->ksq, Them);
144 // Add pawn pushes which give discovered check. This is possible only
145 // if the pawn is not on the same file as the enemy king, because we
146 // don't generate captures. Note that a possible discovery check
147 // promotion has been already generated among captures.
148 if (pawnsNotOn7 & ci->dcCandidates)
150 dc1 = shift_bb<Up>(pawnsNotOn7 & ci->dcCandidates) & emptySquares & ~file_bb(ci->ksq);
151 dc2 = shift_bb<Up>(dc1 & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
158 SERIALIZE_PAWNS(b1, Up);
159 SERIALIZE_PAWNS(b2, Up + Up);
162 // Promotions and underpromotions
163 if (pawnsOn7 && (Type != EVASIONS || (target & TRank8BB)))
165 if (Type == CAPTURES)
166 emptySquares = ~pos.pieces();
168 if (Type == EVASIONS)
169 emptySquares &= target;
171 mlist = generate_promotions<Type, Right>(mlist, pawnsOn7, enemies, ci);
172 mlist = generate_promotions<Type, Left >(mlist, pawnsOn7, enemies, ci);
173 mlist = generate_promotions<Type, Up>(mlist, pawnsOn7, emptySquares, ci);
176 // Standard and en-passant captures
177 if (Type == CAPTURES || Type == EVASIONS || Type == NON_EVASIONS)
179 b1 = shift_bb<Right>(pawnsNotOn7) & enemies;
180 b2 = shift_bb<Left >(pawnsNotOn7) & enemies;
182 SERIALIZE_PAWNS(b1, Right);
183 SERIALIZE_PAWNS(b2, Left);
185 if (pos.ep_square() != SQ_NONE)
187 assert(rank_of(pos.ep_square()) == relative_rank(Us, RANK_6));
189 // An en passant capture can be an evasion only if the checking piece
190 // is the double pushed pawn and so is in the target. Otherwise this
191 // is a discovery check and we are forced to do otherwise.
192 if (Type == EVASIONS && !(target & (pos.ep_square() - Up)))
195 b1 = pawnsNotOn7 & pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(pos.ep_square(), Them);
200 (mlist++)->move = make<ENPASSANT>(pop_lsb(&b1), pos.ep_square());
208 template<PieceType Pt, bool Checks> FORCE_INLINE
209 ExtMove* generate_moves(const Position& pos, ExtMove* mlist, Color us,
210 Bitboard target, const CheckInfo* ci) {
212 assert(Pt != KING && Pt != PAWN);
214 const Square* pl = pos.list<Pt>(us);
216 for (Square from = *pl; from != SQ_NONE; from = *++pl)
220 if ( (Pt == BISHOP || Pt == ROOK || Pt == QUEEN)
221 && !(PseudoAttacks[Pt][from] & target & ci->checkSq[Pt]))
224 if (unlikely(ci->dcCandidates) && (ci->dcCandidates & from))
228 Bitboard b = pos.attacks_from<Pt>(from) & target;
231 b &= ci->checkSq[Pt];
240 template<Color Us, GenType Type> FORCE_INLINE
241 ExtMove* generate_all(const Position& pos, ExtMove* mlist, Bitboard target,
242 const CheckInfo* ci = NULL) {
244 const bool Checks = Type == QUIET_CHECKS;
246 mlist = generate_pawn_moves<Us, Type>(pos, mlist, target, ci);
247 mlist = generate_moves<KNIGHT, Checks>(pos, mlist, Us, target, ci);
248 mlist = generate_moves<BISHOP, Checks>(pos, mlist, Us, target, ci);
249 mlist = generate_moves< ROOK, Checks>(pos, mlist, Us, target, ci);
250 mlist = generate_moves< QUEEN, Checks>(pos, mlist, Us, target, ci);
252 if (Type != QUIET_CHECKS && Type != EVASIONS)
254 Square from = pos.king_square(Us);
255 Bitboard b = pos.attacks_from<KING>(from) & target;
259 if (Type != CAPTURES && Type != EVASIONS && pos.can_castle(Us))
261 if (pos.is_chess960())
263 mlist = generate_castle< KING_SIDE, Checks, true>(pos, mlist, Us);
264 mlist = generate_castle<QUEEN_SIDE, Checks, true>(pos, mlist, Us);
268 mlist = generate_castle< KING_SIDE, Checks, false>(pos, mlist, Us);
269 mlist = generate_castle<QUEEN_SIDE, Checks, false>(pos, mlist, Us);
280 /// generate<CAPTURES> generates all pseudo-legal captures and queen
281 /// promotions. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
283 /// generate<QUIETS> generates all pseudo-legal non-captures and
284 /// underpromotions. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
286 /// generate<NON_EVASIONS> generates all pseudo-legal captures and
287 /// non-captures. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
289 template<GenType Type>
290 ExtMove* generate(const Position& pos, ExtMove* mlist) {
292 assert(Type == CAPTURES || Type == QUIETS || Type == NON_EVASIONS);
293 assert(!pos.checkers());
295 Color us = pos.side_to_move();
297 Bitboard target = Type == CAPTURES ? pos.pieces(~us)
298 : Type == QUIETS ? ~pos.pieces()
299 : Type == NON_EVASIONS ? ~pos.pieces(us) : 0;
301 return us == WHITE ? generate_all<WHITE, Type>(pos, mlist, target)
302 : generate_all<BLACK, Type>(pos, mlist, target);
305 // Explicit template instantiations
306 template ExtMove* generate<CAPTURES>(const Position&, ExtMove*);
307 template ExtMove* generate<QUIETS>(const Position&, ExtMove*);
308 template ExtMove* generate<NON_EVASIONS>(const Position&, ExtMove*);
311 /// generate<QUIET_CHECKS> generates all pseudo-legal non-captures and knight
312 /// underpromotions that give check. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
314 ExtMove* generate<QUIET_CHECKS>(const Position& pos, ExtMove* mlist) {
316 assert(!pos.checkers());
318 Color us = pos.side_to_move();
320 Bitboard dc = ci.dcCandidates;
324 Square from = pop_lsb(&dc);
325 PieceType pt = type_of(pos.piece_on(from));
328 continue; // Will be generated togheter with direct checks
330 Bitboard b = pos.attacks_from(Piece(pt), from) & ~pos.pieces();
333 b &= ~PseudoAttacks[QUEEN][ci.ksq];
338 return us == WHITE ? generate_all<WHITE, QUIET_CHECKS>(pos, mlist, ~pos.pieces(), &ci)
339 : generate_all<BLACK, QUIET_CHECKS>(pos, mlist, ~pos.pieces(), &ci);
343 /// generate<EVASIONS> generates all pseudo-legal check evasions when the side
344 /// to move is in check. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
346 ExtMove* generate<EVASIONS>(const Position& pos, ExtMove* mlist) {
348 assert(pos.checkers());
351 Color us = pos.side_to_move();
352 Square ksq = pos.king_square(us), from = ksq /* For SERIALIZE */, checksq;
353 Bitboard sliderAttacks = 0;
354 Bitboard b = pos.checkers();
356 assert(pos.checkers());
358 // Find squares attacked by slider checkers, we will remove them from the king
359 // evasions so to skip known illegal moves avoiding useless legality check later.
363 checksq = pop_lsb(&b);
365 assert(color_of(pos.piece_on(checksq)) == ~us);
367 switch (type_of(pos.piece_on(checksq)))
369 case BISHOP: sliderAttacks |= PseudoAttacks[BISHOP][checksq]; break;
370 case ROOK: sliderAttacks |= PseudoAttacks[ROOK][checksq]; break;
372 // If queen and king are far or not on a diagonal line we can safely
373 // remove all the squares attacked in the other direction becuase are
374 // not reachable by the king anyway.
375 if (between_bb(ksq, checksq) || !(PseudoAttacks[BISHOP][checksq] & ksq))
376 sliderAttacks |= PseudoAttacks[QUEEN][checksq];
378 // Otherwise we need to use real rook attacks to check if king is safe
379 // to move in the other direction. For example: king in B2, queen in A1
380 // a knight in B1, and we can safely move to C1.
382 sliderAttacks |= PseudoAttacks[BISHOP][checksq] | pos.attacks_from<ROOK>(checksq);
389 // Generate evasions for king, capture and non capture moves
390 b = pos.attacks_from<KING>(ksq) & ~pos.pieces(us) & ~sliderAttacks;
394 return mlist; // Double check, only a king move can save the day
396 // Generate blocking evasions or captures of the checking piece
397 Bitboard target = between_bb(checksq, ksq) | checksq;
399 return us == WHITE ? generate_all<WHITE, EVASIONS>(pos, mlist, target)
400 : generate_all<BLACK, EVASIONS>(pos, mlist, target);
404 /// generate<LEGAL> generates all the legal moves in the given position
407 ExtMove* generate<LEGAL>(const Position& pos, ExtMove* mlist) {
409 ExtMove *end, *cur = mlist;
410 Bitboard pinned = pos.pinned_pieces();
411 Square ksq = pos.king_square(pos.side_to_move());
413 end = pos.checkers() ? generate<EVASIONS>(pos, mlist)
414 : generate<NON_EVASIONS>(pos, mlist);
416 if ( (pinned || from_sq(cur->move) == ksq || type_of(cur->move) == ENPASSANT)
417 && !pos.pl_move_is_legal(cur->move, pinned))
418 cur->move = (--end)->move;