2 Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
3 Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
4 Copyright (C) 2008-2015 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
5 Copyright (C) 2015-2019 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Gary Linscott, Tord Romstad
7 Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
12 Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
21 #ifndef POSITION_H_INCLUDED
22 #define POSITION_H_INCLUDED
26 #include <memory> // For std::unique_ptr
33 /// StateInfo struct stores information needed to restore a Position object to
34 /// its previous state when we retract a move. Whenever a move is made on the
35 /// board (by calling Position::do_move), a StateInfo object must be passed.
39 // Copied when making a move
42 Value nonPawnMaterial[COLOR_NB];
48 // Not copied when making a move (will be recomputed anyhow)
53 Bitboard blockersForKing[COLOR_NB];
54 Bitboard pinners[COLOR_NB];
55 Bitboard checkSquares[PIECE_TYPE_NB];
58 /// A list to keep track of the position states along the setup moves (from the
59 /// start position to the position just before the search starts). Needed by
60 /// 'draw by repetition' detection. Use a std::deque because pointers to
61 /// elements are not invalidated upon list resizing.
62 typedef std::unique_ptr<std::deque<StateInfo>> StateListPtr;
65 /// Position class stores information regarding the board representation as
66 /// pieces, side to move, hash keys, castling info, etc. Important methods are
67 /// do_move() and undo_move(), used by the search to update node info when
68 /// traversing the search tree.
76 Position(const Position&) = delete;
77 Position& operator=(const Position&) = delete;
79 // FEN string input/output
80 Position& set(const std::string& fenStr, bool isChess960, StateInfo* si, Thread* th);
81 Position& set(const std::string& code, Color c, StateInfo* si);
82 const std::string fen() const;
84 // Position representation
85 Bitboard pieces() const;
86 Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt) const;
87 Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const;
88 Bitboard pieces(Color c) const;
89 Bitboard pieces(Color c, PieceType pt) const;
90 Bitboard pieces(Color c, PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const;
91 Piece piece_on(Square s) const;
92 Square ep_square() const;
93 bool empty(Square s) const;
94 template<PieceType Pt> int count(Color c) const;
95 template<PieceType Pt> int count() const;
96 template<PieceType Pt> const Square* squares(Color c) const;
97 template<PieceType Pt> Square square(Color c) const;
98 int semiopen_file(Color c, File f) const;
101 int castling_rights(Color c) const;
102 bool can_castle(CastlingRight cr) const;
103 bool castling_impeded(CastlingRight cr) const;
104 Square castling_rook_square(CastlingRight cr) const;
107 Bitboard checkers() const;
108 Bitboard blockers_for_king(Color c) const;
109 Bitboard check_squares(PieceType pt) const;
111 // Attacks to/from a given square
112 Bitboard attackers_to(Square s) const;
113 Bitboard attackers_to(Square s, Bitboard occupied) const;
114 Bitboard attacks_from(PieceType pt, Square s) const;
115 template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s) const;
116 template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s, Color c) const;
117 Bitboard slider_blockers(Bitboard sliders, Square s, Bitboard& pinners) const;
119 // Properties of moves
120 bool legal(Move m) const;
121 bool pseudo_legal(const Move m) const;
122 bool capture(Move m) const;
123 bool capture_or_promotion(Move m) const;
124 bool gives_check(Move m) const;
125 bool advanced_pawn_push(Move m) const;
126 Piece moved_piece(Move m) const;
127 Piece captured_piece() const;
130 bool pawn_passed(Color c, Square s) const;
131 bool opposite_bishops() const;
132 int pawns_on_same_color_squares(Color c, Square s) const;
134 // Doing and undoing moves
135 void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& newSt);
136 void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& newSt, bool givesCheck);
137 void undo_move(Move m);
138 void do_null_move(StateInfo& newSt);
139 void undo_null_move();
141 // Static Exchange Evaluation
142 bool see_ge(Move m, Value threshold = VALUE_ZERO) const;
144 // Accessing hash keys
146 Key key_after(Move m) const;
147 Key material_key() const;
148 Key pawn_key() const;
150 // Other properties of the position
151 Color side_to_move() const;
152 int game_ply() const;
153 bool is_chess960() const;
154 Thread* this_thread() const;
155 bool is_draw(int ply) const;
156 bool has_game_cycle(int ply) const;
157 bool has_repeated() const;
158 int rule50_count() const;
159 Score psq_score() const;
160 Value non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
161 Value non_pawn_material() const;
163 // Position consistency check, for debugging
164 bool pos_is_ok() const;
168 // Initialization helpers (used while setting up a position)
169 void set_castling_right(Color c, Square rfrom);
170 void set_state(StateInfo* si) const;
171 void set_check_info(StateInfo* si) const;
174 void put_piece(Piece pc, Square s);
175 void remove_piece(Piece pc, Square s);
176 void move_piece(Piece pc, Square from, Square to);
178 void do_castling(Color us, Square from, Square& to, Square& rfrom, Square& rto);
181 Piece board[SQUARE_NB];
182 Bitboard byTypeBB[PIECE_TYPE_NB];
183 Bitboard byColorBB[COLOR_NB];
184 int pieceCount[PIECE_NB];
185 Square pieceList[PIECE_NB][16];
186 int index[SQUARE_NB];
187 int castlingRightsMask[SQUARE_NB];
188 Square castlingRookSquare[CASTLING_RIGHT_NB];
189 Bitboard castlingPath[CASTLING_RIGHT_NB];
199 extern Score psq[PIECE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
202 extern std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Position& pos);
204 inline Color Position::side_to_move() const {
208 inline bool Position::empty(Square s) const {
209 return board[s] == NO_PIECE;
212 inline Piece Position::piece_on(Square s) const {
216 inline Piece Position::moved_piece(Move m) const {
217 return board[from_sq(m)];
220 inline Bitboard Position::pieces() const {
221 return byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES];
224 inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt) const {
228 inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const {
229 return byTypeBB[pt1] | byTypeBB[pt2];
232 inline Bitboard Position::pieces(Color c) const {
236 inline Bitboard Position::pieces(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
237 return byColorBB[c] & byTypeBB[pt];
240 inline Bitboard Position::pieces(Color c, PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const {
241 return byColorBB[c] & (byTypeBB[pt1] | byTypeBB[pt2]);
244 template<PieceType Pt> inline int Position::count(Color c) const {
245 return pieceCount[make_piece(c, Pt)];
248 template<PieceType Pt> inline int Position::count() const {
249 return pieceCount[make_piece(WHITE, Pt)] + pieceCount[make_piece(BLACK, Pt)];
252 template<PieceType Pt> inline const Square* Position::squares(Color c) const {
253 return pieceList[make_piece(c, Pt)];
256 template<PieceType Pt> inline Square Position::square(Color c) const {
257 assert(pieceCount[make_piece(c, Pt)] == 1);
258 return pieceList[make_piece(c, Pt)][0];
261 inline Square Position::ep_square() const {
265 inline int Position::semiopen_file(Color c, File f) const {
266 return !(pieces(c, PAWN) & file_bb(f));
269 inline bool Position::can_castle(CastlingRight cr) const {
270 return st->castlingRights & cr;
273 inline int Position::castling_rights(Color c) const {
274 return st->castlingRights & (c == WHITE ? WHITE_CASTLING : BLACK_CASTLING);
277 inline bool Position::castling_impeded(CastlingRight cr) const {
278 return byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES] & castlingPath[cr];
281 inline Square Position::castling_rook_square(CastlingRight cr) const {
282 return castlingRookSquare[cr];
285 template<PieceType Pt>
286 inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from(Square s) const {
288 return Pt == BISHOP || Pt == ROOK ? attacks_bb<Pt>(s, byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES])
289 : Pt == QUEEN ? attacks_from<ROOK>(s) | attacks_from<BISHOP>(s)
290 : PseudoAttacks[Pt][s];
294 inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<PAWN>(Square s, Color c) const {
295 return PawnAttacks[c][s];
298 inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from(PieceType pt, Square s) const {
299 return attacks_bb(pt, s, byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES]);
302 inline Bitboard Position::attackers_to(Square s) const {
303 return attackers_to(s, byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES]);
306 inline Bitboard Position::checkers() const {
307 return st->checkersBB;
310 inline Bitboard Position::blockers_for_king(Color c) const {
311 return st->blockersForKing[c];
314 inline Bitboard Position::check_squares(PieceType pt) const {
315 return st->checkSquares[pt];
318 inline bool Position::pawn_passed(Color c, Square s) const {
319 return !(pieces(~c, PAWN) & passed_pawn_span(c, s));
322 inline bool Position::advanced_pawn_push(Move m) const {
323 return type_of(moved_piece(m)) == PAWN
324 && relative_rank(sideToMove, from_sq(m)) > RANK_4;
327 inline int Position::pawns_on_same_color_squares(Color c, Square s) const {
328 return popcount(pieces(c, PAWN) & ((DarkSquares & s) ? DarkSquares : ~DarkSquares));
331 inline Key Position::key() const {
335 inline Key Position::pawn_key() const {
339 inline Key Position::material_key() const {
340 return st->materialKey;
343 inline Score Position::psq_score() const {
347 inline Value Position::non_pawn_material(Color c) const {
348 return st->nonPawnMaterial[c];
351 inline Value Position::non_pawn_material() const {
352 return st->nonPawnMaterial[WHITE] + st->nonPawnMaterial[BLACK];
355 inline int Position::game_ply() const {
359 inline int Position::rule50_count() const {
363 inline bool Position::opposite_bishops() const {
364 return pieceCount[W_BISHOP] == 1
365 && pieceCount[B_BISHOP] == 1
366 && opposite_colors(square<BISHOP>(WHITE), square<BISHOP>(BLACK));
369 inline bool Position::is_chess960() const {
373 inline bool Position::capture_or_promotion(Move m) const {
375 return type_of(m) != NORMAL ? type_of(m) != CASTLING : !empty(to_sq(m));
378 inline bool Position::capture(Move m) const {
380 // Castling is encoded as "king captures rook"
381 return (!empty(to_sq(m)) && type_of(m) != CASTLING) || type_of(m) == ENPASSANT;
384 inline Piece Position::captured_piece() const {
385 return st->capturedPiece;
388 inline Thread* Position::this_thread() const {
392 inline void Position::put_piece(Piece pc, Square s) {
395 byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES] |= s;
396 byTypeBB[type_of(pc)] |= s;
397 byColorBB[color_of(pc)] |= s;
398 index[s] = pieceCount[pc]++;
399 pieceList[pc][index[s]] = s;
400 pieceCount[make_piece(color_of(pc), ALL_PIECES)]++;
401 psq += PSQT::psq[pc][s];
404 inline void Position::remove_piece(Piece pc, Square s) {
406 // WARNING: This is not a reversible operation. If we remove a piece in
407 // do_move() and then replace it in undo_move() we will put it at the end of
408 // the list and not in its original place, it means index[] and pieceList[]
409 // are not invariant to a do_move() + undo_move() sequence.
410 byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES] ^= s;
411 byTypeBB[type_of(pc)] ^= s;
412 byColorBB[color_of(pc)] ^= s;
413 /* board[s] = NO_PIECE; Not needed, overwritten by the capturing one */
414 Square lastSquare = pieceList[pc][--pieceCount[pc]];
415 index[lastSquare] = index[s];
416 pieceList[pc][index[lastSquare]] = lastSquare;
417 pieceList[pc][pieceCount[pc]] = SQ_NONE;
418 pieceCount[make_piece(color_of(pc), ALL_PIECES)]--;
419 psq -= PSQT::psq[pc][s];
422 inline void Position::move_piece(Piece pc, Square from, Square to) {
424 // index[from] is not updated and becomes stale. This works as long as index[]
425 // is accessed just by known occupied squares.
426 Bitboard fromTo = square_bb(from) | square_bb(to);
427 byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES] ^= fromTo;
428 byTypeBB[type_of(pc)] ^= fromTo;
429 byColorBB[color_of(pc)] ^= fromTo;
430 board[from] = NO_PIECE;
432 index[to] = index[from];
433 pieceList[pc][index[to]] = to;
434 psq += PSQT::psq[pc][to] - PSQT::psq[pc][from];
437 inline void Position::do_move(Move m, StateInfo& newSt) {
438 do_move(m, newSt, gives_check(m));
441 #endif // #ifndef POSITION_H_INCLUDED