Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before
launching FFmpeg with any TV viewer such as xawtv
-(@url{http://bytesex.org/xawtv/}) by Gerd Knorr. You also
+(@url{http://linux.bytesex.org/xawtv/}) by Gerd Knorr. You also
have to set the audio recording levels correctly with a
standard mixer.
ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2
@end example
-Converts a.wav to MPEG audio at 22050Hz sample rate.
+Converts a.wav to MPEG audio at 22050 Hz sample rate.
* You can encode to several formats at the same time and define a
mapping from input stream to output streams:
to get the desired audio language.
NOTE: To see the supported input formats, use @code{ffmpeg -formats}.
+
+* You can extract images from a video, or create a video from many images:
+
+For extracting images from a video:
+@example
+ffmpeg -i foo.avi -r 1 -s WxH -f image2 foo-%03d.jpeg
+@end example
+
+This will extract one video frame per second from the video and will
+output them in files named @file{foo-001.jpeg}, @file{foo-002.jpeg},
+etc. Images will be rescaled to fit the new WxH values.
+
+If you want to extract just a limited number of frames, you can use the
+above command in combination with the -vframes or -t option, or in
+combination with -ss to start extracting from a certain point in time.
+
+For creating a video from many images:
+@example
+ffmpeg -f image2 -i foo-%03d.jpeg -r 12 -s WxH foo.avi
+@end example
+
+The syntax @code{foo-%03d.jpeg} specifies to use a decimal number
+composed of three digits padded with zeroes to express the sequence
+number. It is the same syntax supported by the C printf function, but
+only formats accepting a normal integer are suitable.
+
+* You can put many streams of the same type in the output:
+
+@example
+ffmpeg -i test1.avi -i test2.avi -vcodec copy -acodec copy -vcodec copy -acodec copy test12.avi -newvideo -newaudio
+@end example
+
+In addition to the first video and audio streams, the resulting
+output file @file{test12.avi} will contain the second video
+and the second audio stream found in the input streams list.
+
+The @code{-newvideo}, @code{-newaudio} and @code{-newsubtitle}
+options have to be specified immediately after the name of the output
+file to which you want to add them.
@c man end
@chapter Invocation
ffmpeg -i input.avi -b 64k output.avi
@end example
-* To force the frame rate of the input and output file to 24 fps:
-@example
-ffmpeg -r 24 -i input.avi output.avi
-@end example
-
* To force the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
@example
ffmpeg -i input.avi -r 24 output.avi
@end example
-* To force the frame rate of input file to 1 fps and the output file to 24 fps:
+* To force the frame rate of the input file (valid for raw formats only)
+to 1 fps and the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
@example
-ffmpeg -r 1 -i input.avi -r 24 output.avi
+ffmpeg -r 1 -i input.m2v -r 24 output.avi
@end example
The format option may be needed for raw input files.
@c man end
@c man begin OPTIONS
-@section Main options
-@table @option
-@item -L
-Show license.
-
-@item -h
-Show help.
+@include fftools-common-opts.texi
-@item -version
-Show version.
+@section Main options
-@item -formats
-Show available formats, codecs, protocols, ...
+@table @option
@item -f @var{fmt}
Force format.
Specifying a positive offset means that the corresponding
streams are delayed by 'offset' seconds.
-@item -title @var{string}
-Set the title.
-
@item -timestamp @var{time}
Set the timestamp.
-@item -author @var{string}
-Set the author.
+@item -metadata @var{key}=@var{value}
+Set a metadata key/value pair.
-@item -copyright @var{string}
-Set the copyright.
-
-@item -comment @var{string}
-Set the comment.
-
-@item -album @var{string}
-Set the album.
-
-@item -track @var{number}
-Set the track.
-
-@item -year @var{number}
-Set the year.
+For example, for setting the title in the output file:
+@example
+ffmpeg -i in.avi -metadata title="my title" out.flv
+@end example
@item -v @var{number}
Set the logging verbosity level.
352x288
@item 4cif
704x576
+@item 16cif
+1408x1152
@item qqvga
160x120
@item qvga
@item -vn
Disable video recording.
@item -bt @var{tolerance}
-Set video bitrate tolerance (in bit/s).
+Set video bitrate tolerance (in bits, default 4000k).
+Has a minimum value of: (target_bitrate/target_framerate).
+In 1-pass mode, bitrate tolerance specifies how far ratecontrol is
+willing to deviate from the target average bitrate value. This is
+not related to min/max bitrate. Lowering tolerance too much has
+an adverse effect on quality.
@item -maxrate @var{bitrate}
Set max video bitrate (in bit/s).
Requires -bufsize to be set.
Use same video quality as source (implies VBR).
@item -pass @var{n}
-Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is useful to do two pass
-encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first
-pass and the video is generated at the exact requested bitrate
-in the second pass.
+Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is used to do two-pass
+video encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first
+pass into a log file (see also the option -passlogfile),
+and in the second pass that log file is used to generate the video
+at the exact requested bitrate.
+On pass 1, you may just deactivate audio and set output to null,
+examples for Windows and Unix:
+@example
+ffmpeg -i foo.mov -vcodec libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y NUL
+ffmpeg -i foo.mov -vcodec libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y /dev/null
+@end example
-@item -passlogfile @var{file}
-Set two pass logfile name to @var{file}.
+@item -passlogfile @var{prefix}
+Set two-pass log file name prefix to @var{prefix}, the default file name
+prefix is ``ffmpeg2pass''. The complete file name will be
+@file{PREFIX-N.log}, where N is a number specific to the output
+stream.
@item -newvideo
Add a new video stream to the current output stream.
+@item -vlang @var{code}
+Set the ISO 639 language code (3 letters) of the current video stream.
+
@end table
@section Advanced Video Options
Set pixel format. Use 'list' as parameter to show all the supported
pixel formats.
@item -sws_flags @var{flags}
-Set SwScaler flags (only available when compiled with swscale support).
+Set SwScaler flags.
@item -g @var{gop_size}
Set the group of pictures size.
@item -intra
Dump video coding statistics to @file{vstats_HHMMSS.log}.
@item -vstats_file @var{file}
Dump video coding statistics to @var{file}.
-@item -vhook @var{module}
-Insert video processing @var{module}. @var{module} contains the module
-name and its parameters separated by spaces.
@item -top @var{n}
top=1/bottom=0/auto=-1 field first
@item -dc @var{precision}
Set the audio sampling frequency (default = 44100 Hz).
@item -ab @var{bitrate}
Set the audio bitrate in bit/s (default = 64k).
+@item -aq @var{q}
+Set the audio quality (codec-specific, VBR).
@item -ac @var{channels}
Set the number of audio channels (default = 1).
@item -an
Add a new subtitle stream to the current output stream.
@item -slang @var{code}
Set the ISO 639 language code (3 letters) of the current subtitle stream.
+@item -sn
+Disable subtitle recording.
@item -sbsf @var{bitstream_filter}
Bitstream filters available are "mov2textsub", "text2movsub".
@example
@section Advanced options
@table @option
-@item -map input stream id[:input stream id]
+@item -map @var{input_stream_id}[:@var{sync_stream_id}]
Set stream mapping from input streams to output streams.
Just enumerate the input streams in the order you want them in the output.
-[input stream id] sets the (input) stream to sync against.
+@var{sync_stream_id} if specified sets the input stream to sync
+against.
@item -map_meta_data @var{outfile}:@var{infile}
Set meta data information of @var{outfile} from @var{infile}.
@item -debug
Print specific debug info.
@item -benchmark
-Add timings for benchmarking.
+Show benchmarking information at the end of an encode.
+Shows CPU time used and maximum memory consumption.
+Maximum memory consumption is not supported on all systems,
+it will usually display as 0 if not supported.
@item -dump
Dump each input packet.
@item -hex
@item -bitexact
Only use bit exact algorithms (for codec testing).
@item -ps @var{size}
-Set packet size in bits.
+Set RTP payload size in bytes.
@item -re
Read input at native frame rate. Mainly used to simulate a grab device.
@item -loop_input
@item -threads @var{count}
Thread count.
@item -vsync @var{parameter}
-Video sync method. Video will be stretched/squeezed to match the timestamps,
-it is done by duplicating and dropping frames. With -map you can select from
+Video sync method.
+0 Each frame is passed with its timestamp from the demuxer to the muxer
+1 Frames will be duplicated and dropped to achieve exactly the requested
+ constant framerate.
+2 Frames are passed through with their timestamp or dropped so as to prevent
+ 2 frames from having the same timestamp
+-1 Chooses between 1 and 2 depending on muxer capabilities. This is the default method.
+
+With -map you can select from
which stream the timestamps should be taken. You can leave either video or
audio unchanged and sync the remaining stream(s) to the unchanged one.
@item -async @var{samples_per_second}
Set the initial demux-decode delay.
@end table
-@node FFmpeg formula evaluator
+@section Preset files
+
+A preset file contains a sequence of @var{option}=@var{value} pairs,
+one for each line, specifying a sequence of options which would be
+awkward to specify on the command line. Lines starting with the hash
+('#') character are ignored and are used to provide comments. Check
+the @file{ffpresets} directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples.
+
+Preset files are specified with the @code{vpre}, @code{apre},
+@code{spre}, and @code{fpre} options. The @code{fpre} option takes the
+filename of the preset instead of a preset name as input and can be
+used for any kind of codec. For the @code{vpre}, @code{apre}, and
+@code{spre} options, the options specified in a preset file are
+applied to the currently selected codec of the same type as the preset
+option.
+
+The argument passed to the @code{vpre}, @code{apre}, and @code{spre}
+preset options identifies the preset file to use according to the
+following rules:
+
+First ffmpeg searches for a file named @var{arg}.ffpreset in the
+directories @file{$HOME/.ffmpeg}, and in the datadir defined at
+configuration time (usually @file{PREFIX/share/ffmpeg}) in that
+order. For example, if the argument is @code{libx264-max}, it will
+search for the file @file{libx264-max.ffpreset}.
+
+If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named
+@var{codec_name}-@var{arg}.ffpreset in the above-mentioned
+directories, where @var{codec_name} is the name of the codec to which
+the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select
+the video codec with @code{-vcodec libx264} and use @code{-vpre max},
+then it will search for the file @file{libx264-max.ffpreset}.
+
+@anchor{FFmpeg formula evaluator}
@section FFmpeg formula evaluator
When evaluating a rate control string, FFmpeg uses an internal formula
The following unary operators are available: @code{+}, @code{-},
@code{(...)}.
+The following statements are available: @code{ld}, @code{st},
+@code{while}.
+
The following functions are available:
@table @var
@item sinh(x)
@item sin(x)
@item cos(x)
@item tan(x)
+@item atan(x)
+@item asin(x)
+@item acos(x)
@item exp(x)
@item log(x)
+@item abs(x)
@item squish(x)
@item gauss(x)
-@item abs(x)
+@item mod(x, y)
@item max(x, y)
@item min(x, y)
+@item eq(x, y)
+@item gte(x, y)
@item gt(x, y)
+@item lte(x, y)
@item lt(x, y)
-@item eq(x, y)
@item bits2qp(bits)
@item qp2bits(qp)
@end table
FFmpeg also handles many protocols specified with an URL syntax.
-Use 'ffmpeg -formats' to see a list of the supported protocols.
+Use 'ffmpeg -protocols' to see a list of the supported protocols.
The protocol @code{http:} is currently used only to communicate with
FFserver (see the FFserver documentation). When FFmpeg will be a
is about as good as JPEG compression).
@item To have very low audio bitrates, reduce the sampling frequency
-(down to 22050 kHz for MPEG audio, 22050 or 11025 for AC3).
+(down to 22050 Hz for MPEG audio, 22050 or 11025 for AC-3).
@item To have a constant quality (but a variable bitrate), use the option
'-qscale n' when 'n' is between 1 (excellent quality) and 31 (worst
projects / ffmpeg / blobdiff