]> git.sesse.net Git - x264/blobdiff - encoder/encoder.c
denoise_dct asm
[x264] / encoder / encoder.c
index 43964e2712f4c96d0e98b910caae40b4fbda3919..43f9f9f763257c63c5632c4a47c2cdd0509875c5 100644 (file)
  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111, USA.
  *****************************************************************************/
 
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
-#ifdef __WIN32__
-#include <windows.h>
-#define pthread_t               HANDLE
-#define pthread_create(t,u,f,d) *(t)=CreateThread(NULL,0,f,d,0,NULL)
-#define pthread_join(t,s)       { WaitForSingleObject(t,INFINITE); \
-                                  CloseHandle(t); } 
-#define HAVE_PTHREAD 1
-
-#elif defined(SYS_BEOS)
-#include <kernel/OS.h>
-#define pthread_t               thread_id
-#define pthread_create(t,u,f,d) { *(t)=spawn_thread(f,"",10,d); \
-                                  resume_thread(*(t)); }
-#define pthread_join(t,s)       wait_for_thread(t,(long*)s)
-#define HAVE_PTHREAD 1
-
-#elif HAVE_PTHREAD
-#include <pthread.h>
-#endif
-
 #include "common/common.h"
 #include "common/cpu.h"
 
 #endif
 
 //#define DEBUG_MB_TYPE
-//#define DEBUG_DUMP_FRAME
-//#define DEBUG_BENCHMARK
-
-#ifdef DEBUG_BENCHMARK
-static int64_t i_mtime_encode_frame = 0;
-static int64_t i_mtime_analyse = 0;
-static int64_t i_mtime_encode = 0;
-static int64_t i_mtime_write = 0;
-static int64_t i_mtime_filter = 0;
-#define TIMER_START( d ) \
-    { \
-        int64_t d##start = x264_mdate();
-
-#define TIMER_STOP( d ) \
-        d += x264_mdate() - d##start;\
-    }
-#else
-#define TIMER_START( d )
-#define TIMER_STOP( d )
-#endif
 
 #define NALU_OVERHEAD 5 // startcode + NAL type costs 5 bytes per frame
 
+static void x264_encoder_frame_end( x264_t *h, x264_t *thread_current,
+                                    x264_nal_t **pp_nal, int *pi_nal,
+                                    x264_picture_t *pic_out );
+
 /****************************************************************************
  *
  ******************************* x264 libs **********************************
@@ -96,30 +57,25 @@ static float x264_psnr( int64_t i_sqe, int64_t i_size )
     return (float)(-10.0 * log( f_mse ) / log( 10.0 ));
 }
 
-#ifdef DEBUG_DUMP_FRAME
-static void x264_frame_dump( x264_t *h, x264_frame_t *fr, char *name )
+static void x264_frame_dump( x264_t *h )
 {
-    FILE * f = fopen( name, "a" );
+    FILE *f = fopen( h->param.psz_dump_yuv, "r+b" );
     int i, y;
-
-    fseek( f, 0, SEEK_END );
-
-    for( i = 0; i < fr->i_plane; i++ )
-    {
-        for( y = 0; y < h->param.i_height / ( i == 0 ? 1 : 2 ); y++ )
-        {
-            fwrite( &fr->plane[i][y*fr->i_stride[i]], 1, h->param.i_width / ( i == 0 ? 1 : 2 ), f );
-        }
-    }
+    if( !f )
+        return;
+    /* Write the frame in display order */
+    fseek( f, h->fdec->i_frame * h->param.i_height * h->param.i_width * 3/2, SEEK_SET );
+    for( i = 0; i < h->fdec->i_plane; i++ )
+        for( y = 0; y < h->param.i_height >> !!i; y++ )
+            fwrite( &h->fdec->plane[i][y*h->fdec->i_stride[i]], 1, h->param.i_width >> !!i, f );
     fclose( f );
 }
-#endif
 
 
 /* Fill "default" values */
 static void x264_slice_header_init( x264_t *h, x264_slice_header_t *sh,
                                     x264_sps_t *sps, x264_pps_t *pps,
-                                    int i_type, int i_idr_pic_id, int i_frame, int i_qp )
+                                    int i_idr_pic_id, int i_frame, int i_qp )
 {
     x264_param_t *param = &h->param;
     int i;
@@ -128,15 +84,15 @@ static void x264_slice_header_init( x264_t *h, x264_slice_header_t *sh,
     sh->sps = sps;
     sh->pps = pps;
 
-    sh->i_type      = i_type;
     sh->i_first_mb  = 0;
     sh->i_last_mb   = h->sps->i_mb_width * h->sps->i_mb_height;
     sh->i_pps_id    = pps->i_id;
 
     sh->i_frame_num = i_frame;
 
-    sh->b_field_pic = 0;    /* Not field support for now */
-    sh->b_bottom_field = 1; /* not yet used */
+    sh->b_mbaff = h->param.b_interlaced;
+    sh->b_field_pic = 0;    /* no field support for now */
+    sh->b_bottom_field = 0; /* not yet used */
 
     sh->i_idr_pic_id = i_idr_pic_id;
 
@@ -148,7 +104,14 @@ static void x264_slice_header_init( x264_t *h, x264_slice_header_t *sh,
 
     sh->i_redundant_pic_cnt = 0;
 
-    sh->b_direct_spatial_mv_pred = ( param->analyse.i_direct_mv_pred == X264_DIRECT_PRED_SPATIAL );
+    if( !h->mb.b_direct_auto_read )
+    {
+        if( h->mb.b_direct_auto_write )
+            sh->b_direct_spatial_mv_pred = ( h->stat.i_direct_score[1] > h->stat.i_direct_score[0] );
+        else
+            sh->b_direct_spatial_mv_pred = ( param->analyse.i_direct_mv_pred == X264_DIRECT_PRED_SPATIAL );
+    }
+    /* else b_direct_spatial_mv_pred was read from the 2pass statsfile */
 
     sh->b_num_ref_idx_override = 0;
     sh->i_num_ref_idx_l0_active = 1;
@@ -183,7 +146,7 @@ static void x264_slice_header_init( x264_t *h, x264_slice_header_t *sh,
     /* If effective qp <= 15, deblocking would have no effect anyway */
     if( param->b_deblocking_filter
         && ( h->mb.b_variable_qp
-        || 15 < i_qp + X264_MAX(param->i_deblocking_filter_alphac0, param->i_deblocking_filter_beta) ) )
+        || 15 < i_qp + 2 * X264_MAX(param->i_deblocking_filter_alphac0, param->i_deblocking_filter_beta) ) )
     {
         sh->i_disable_deblocking_filter_idc = 0;
     }
@@ -199,11 +162,25 @@ static void x264_slice_header_write( bs_t *s, x264_slice_header_t *sh, int i_nal
 {
     int i;
 
-    bs_write_ue( s, sh->i_first_mb );
+    if( sh->b_mbaff )
+    {
+        assert( sh->i_first_mb % (2*sh->sps->i_mb_width) == 0 );
+        bs_write_ue( s, sh->i_first_mb >> 1 );
+    }
+    else
+        bs_write_ue( s, sh->i_first_mb );
+
     bs_write_ue( s, sh->i_type + 5 );   /* same type things */
     bs_write_ue( s, sh->i_pps_id );
     bs_write( s, sh->sps->i_log2_max_frame_num, sh->i_frame_num );
 
+    if( !sh->sps->b_frame_mbs_only )
+    {
+        bs_write1( s, sh->b_field_pic );
+        if ( sh->b_field_pic )
+            bs_write1( s, sh->b_bottom_field );
+    }
+
     if( sh->i_idr_pic_id >= 0 ) /* NAL IDR */
     {
         bs_write_ue( s, sh->i_idr_pic_id );
@@ -313,6 +290,34 @@ static void x264_slice_header_write( bs_t *s, x264_slice_header_t *sh, int i_nal
     }
 }
 
+/* If we are within a reasonable distance of the end of the memory allocated for the bitstream, */
+/* reallocate, adding an arbitrary amount of space (100 kilobytes). */
+static void x264_bitstream_check_buffer( x264_t *h )
+{
+    if( ( h->param.b_cabac && (h->cabac.p_end - h->cabac.p < 2500) )
+     || ( h->out.bs.p_end - h->out.bs.p < 2500 ) )
+    {
+        uint8_t *bs_bak = h->out.p_bitstream;
+        intptr_t delta;
+        int i;
+
+        h->out.i_bitstream += 100000;
+        h->out.p_bitstream = x264_realloc( h->out.p_bitstream, h->out.i_bitstream );
+        delta = h->out.p_bitstream - bs_bak;
+
+        h->out.bs.p_start += delta;
+        h->out.bs.p += delta;
+        h->out.bs.p_end = h->out.p_bitstream + h->out.i_bitstream;
+
+        h->cabac.p_start += delta;
+        h->cabac.p += delta;
+        h->cabac.p_end = h->out.p_bitstream + h->out.i_bitstream;
+
+        for( i = 0; i <= h->out.i_nal; i++ )
+            h->out.nal[i].p_payload += delta;
+    }
+}
+
 /****************************************************************************
  *
  ****************************************************************************
@@ -323,6 +328,14 @@ static void x264_slice_header_write( bs_t *s, x264_slice_header_t *sh, int i_nal
 
 static int x264_validate_parameters( x264_t *h )
 {
+#ifdef HAVE_MMX
+    if( !(x264_cpu_detect() & X264_CPU_MMXEXT) )
+    {
+        x264_log( h, X264_LOG_ERROR, "your cpu does not support MMXEXT, but x264 was compiled with asm support\n");
+        x264_log( h, X264_LOG_ERROR, "to run x264, recompile without asm support (configure --disable-asm)\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+#endif
     if( h->param.i_width <= 0 || h->param.i_height <= 0 )
     {
         x264_log( h, X264_LOG_ERROR, "invalid width x height (%dx%d)\n",
@@ -342,33 +355,77 @@ static int x264_validate_parameters( x264_t *h )
         return -1;
     }
 
-    h->param.i_threads = x264_clip3( h->param.i_threads, 1, X264_SLICE_MAX );
-    h->param.i_threads = X264_MIN( h->param.i_threads, (h->param.i_height + 15) / 16 );
-#if !(HAVE_PTHREAD)
+    if( h->param.i_threads == 0 )
+        h->param.i_threads = x264_cpu_num_processors() * 3/2;
+    h->param.i_threads = x264_clip3( h->param.i_threads, 1, X264_THREAD_MAX );
     if( h->param.i_threads > 1 )
     {
+#ifndef HAVE_PTHREAD
         x264_log( h, X264_LOG_WARNING, "not compiled with pthread support!\n");
-        x264_log( h, X264_LOG_WARNING, "multislicing anyway, but you won't see any speed gain.\n" );
-    }
+        h->param.i_threads = 1;
+#else
+        if( h->param.i_scenecut_threshold >= 0 )
+            h->param.b_pre_scenecut = 1;
 #endif
+    }
+
+    if( h->param.b_interlaced )
+    {
+        if( h->param.analyse.i_me_method >= X264_ME_ESA )
+        {
+            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_WARNING, "interlace + me=esa is not implemented\n" );
+            h->param.analyse.i_me_method = X264_ME_UMH;
+        }
+        if( h->param.analyse.i_direct_mv_pred > X264_DIRECT_PRED_SPATIAL )
+        {
+            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_WARNING, "interlace + direct=temporal is not implemented\n" );
+            h->param.analyse.i_direct_mv_pred = X264_DIRECT_PRED_SPATIAL;
+        }
+    }
 
-    if( h->param.rc.i_rf_constant > 0 )
-        h->param.rc.i_qp_constant = h->param.rc.i_rf_constant;
-    h->param.rc.i_rf_constant = x264_clip3( h->param.rc.i_rf_constant, 0, 51 );
+    if( h->param.rc.i_rc_method < 0 || h->param.rc.i_rc_method > 2 )
+    {
+        x264_log( h, X264_LOG_ERROR, "no ratecontrol method specified\n" );
+        return -1;
+    }
+    h->param.rc.f_rf_constant = x264_clip3f( h->param.rc.f_rf_constant, 0, 51 );
     h->param.rc.i_qp_constant = x264_clip3( h->param.rc.i_qp_constant, 0, 51 );
-    if( !h->param.rc.b_cbr && h->param.rc.i_qp_constant == 0 )
+    if( h->param.rc.i_rc_method == X264_RC_CRF )
+        h->param.rc.i_qp_constant = h->param.rc.f_rf_constant;
+    if( (h->param.rc.i_rc_method == X264_RC_CQP || h->param.rc.i_rc_method == X264_RC_CRF)
+        && h->param.rc.i_qp_constant == 0 )
     {
         h->mb.b_lossless = 1;
-        h->param.analyse.b_transform_8x8 = 0;
         h->param.i_cqm_preset = X264_CQM_FLAT;
         h->param.psz_cqm_file = NULL;
+        h->param.rc.i_rc_method = X264_RC_CQP;
         h->param.rc.f_ip_factor = 1;
         h->param.rc.f_pb_factor = 1;
+        h->param.analyse.b_transform_8x8 = 0;
         h->param.analyse.b_psnr = 0;
+        h->param.analyse.b_ssim = 0;
+        h->param.analyse.i_chroma_qp_offset = 0;
+        h->param.analyse.i_trellis = 0;
+        h->param.analyse.b_fast_pskip = 0;
+        h->param.analyse.i_noise_reduction = 0;
+        h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine = x264_clip3( h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine, 1, 6 );
+    }
+    if( h->param.rc.i_rc_method == X264_RC_CQP )
+    {
+        float qp_p = h->param.rc.i_qp_constant;
+        float qp_i = qp_p - 6*log(h->param.rc.f_ip_factor)/log(2);
+        float qp_b = qp_p + 6*log(h->param.rc.f_pb_factor)/log(2);
+        h->param.rc.i_qp_min = x264_clip3( (int)(X264_MIN3( qp_p, qp_i, qp_b )), 0, 51 );
+        h->param.rc.i_qp_max = x264_clip3( (int)(X264_MAX3( qp_p, qp_i, qp_b ) + .999), 0, 51 );
+        h->param.rc.i_aq_mode = 0;
     }
 
-    if( ( h->param.i_width % 16 || h->param.i_height % 16 ) && !h->mb.b_lossless )
+    if( ( h->param.i_width % 16 || h->param.i_height % 16 )
+        && h->param.i_height != 1080 && !h->mb.b_lossless )
     {
+        // There's nothing special about 1080 in that the warning still applies to it,
+        // but chances are the user can't help it if his content is already 1080p,
+        // so there's no point in warning in that case.
         x264_log( h, X264_LOG_WARNING, 
                   "width or height not divisible by 16 (%dx%d), compression will suffer.\n",
                   h->param.i_width, h->param.i_height );
@@ -383,26 +440,39 @@ static int x264_validate_parameters( x264_t *h )
     h->param.i_bframe_bias = x264_clip3( h->param.i_bframe_bias, -90, 100 );
     h->param.b_bframe_pyramid = h->param.b_bframe_pyramid && h->param.i_bframe > 1;
     h->param.b_bframe_adaptive = h->param.b_bframe_adaptive && h->param.i_bframe > 0;
+    h->param.analyse.b_weighted_bipred = h->param.analyse.b_weighted_bipred && h->param.i_bframe > 0;
+    h->mb.b_direct_auto_write = h->param.analyse.i_direct_mv_pred == X264_DIRECT_PRED_AUTO
+                                && h->param.i_bframe
+                                && ( h->param.rc.b_stat_write || !h->param.rc.b_stat_read );
+    if( h->param.i_scenecut_threshold < 0 )
+        h->param.b_pre_scenecut = 0;
 
     h->param.i_deblocking_filter_alphac0 = x264_clip3( h->param.i_deblocking_filter_alphac0, -6, 6 );
     h->param.i_deblocking_filter_beta    = x264_clip3( h->param.i_deblocking_filter_beta, -6, 6 );
+    h->param.analyse.i_luma_deadzone[0] = x264_clip3( h->param.analyse.i_luma_deadzone[0], 0, 32 );
+    h->param.analyse.i_luma_deadzone[1] = x264_clip3( h->param.analyse.i_luma_deadzone[1], 0, 32 );
 
-    h->param.i_cabac_init_idc = x264_clip3( h->param.i_cabac_init_idc, -1, 2 );
-    /* don't yet support merging of cabac stats */
-    if( h->param.i_threads > 1 && h->param.i_cabac_init_idc == -1 )
-        h->param.i_cabac_init_idc = 0;
+    h->param.i_cabac_init_idc = x264_clip3( h->param.i_cabac_init_idc, 0, 2 );
 
     if( h->param.i_cqm_preset < X264_CQM_FLAT || h->param.i_cqm_preset > X264_CQM_CUSTOM )
         h->param.i_cqm_preset = X264_CQM_FLAT;
 
     if( h->param.analyse.i_me_method < X264_ME_DIA ||
-        h->param.analyse.i_me_method > X264_ME_ESA )
+        h->param.analyse.i_me_method > X264_ME_TESA )
         h->param.analyse.i_me_method = X264_ME_HEX;
     if( h->param.analyse.i_me_range < 4 )
         h->param.analyse.i_me_range = 4;
     if( h->param.analyse.i_me_range > 16 && h->param.analyse.i_me_method <= X264_ME_HEX )
         h->param.analyse.i_me_range = 16;
-    h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine = x264_clip3( h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine, 1, 6 );
+    if( h->param.analyse.i_me_method == X264_ME_TESA &&
+        (h->mb.b_lossless || h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine <= 1) )
+        h->param.analyse.i_me_method = X264_ME_ESA;
+    h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine = x264_clip3( h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine, 1, 7 );
+    h->param.analyse.b_bframe_rdo = h->param.analyse.b_bframe_rdo && h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine >= 6;
+    h->param.analyse.b_mixed_references = h->param.analyse.b_mixed_references && h->param.i_frame_reference > 1;
+    h->param.analyse.inter &= X264_ANALYSE_PSUB16x16|X264_ANALYSE_PSUB8x8|X264_ANALYSE_BSUB16x16|
+                              X264_ANALYSE_I4x4|X264_ANALYSE_I8x8;
+    h->param.analyse.intra &= X264_ANALYSE_I4x4|X264_ANALYSE_I8x8;
     if( !(h->param.analyse.inter & X264_ANALYSE_PSUB16x16) )
         h->param.analyse.inter &= ~X264_ANALYSE_PSUB8x8;
     if( !h->param.analyse.b_transform_8x8 )
@@ -411,22 +481,104 @@ static int x264_validate_parameters( x264_t *h )
         h->param.analyse.intra &= ~X264_ANALYSE_I8x8;
     }
     h->param.analyse.i_chroma_qp_offset = x264_clip3(h->param.analyse.i_chroma_qp_offset, -12, 12);
-    h->param.analyse.i_mv_range = x264_clip3(h->param.analyse.i_mv_range, 32, 2048);
+    if( !h->param.b_cabac )
+        h->param.analyse.i_trellis = 0;
+    h->param.analyse.i_trellis = x264_clip3( h->param.analyse.i_trellis, 0, 2 );
+    h->param.rc.i_aq_mode = x264_clip3( h->param.rc.i_aq_mode, 0, 2 );
+    if( h->param.rc.f_aq_strength <= 0 )
+        h->param.rc.i_aq_mode = 0;
+    /* VAQ effectively replaces qcomp, so qcomp is raised towards 1 to compensate. */
+    if( h->param.rc.i_aq_mode == X264_AQ_GLOBAL )
+        h->param.rc.f_qcompress = x264_clip3f(h->param.rc.f_qcompress + h->param.rc.f_aq_strength / 0.7, 0, 1);
+    h->param.analyse.i_noise_reduction = x264_clip3( h->param.analyse.i_noise_reduction, 0, 1<<16 );
+
+    {
+        const x264_level_t *l = x264_levels;
+        while( l->level_idc != 0 && l->level_idc != h->param.i_level_idc )
+            l++;
+        if( l->level_idc == 0 )
+        {
+            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_ERROR, "invalid level_idc: %d\n", h->param.i_level_idc );
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if( h->param.analyse.i_mv_range <= 0 )
+            h->param.analyse.i_mv_range = l->mv_range;
+        else
+            h->param.analyse.i_mv_range = x264_clip3(h->param.analyse.i_mv_range, 32, 512);
+        if( h->param.analyse.i_direct_8x8_inference < 0 )
+            h->param.analyse.i_direct_8x8_inference = l->direct8x8;
+    }
+
+    if( h->param.i_threads > 1 )
+    {
+        int r = h->param.analyse.i_mv_range_thread;
+        int r2;
+        if( r <= 0 )
+        {
+            // half of the available space is reserved and divided evenly among the threads,
+            // the rest is allocated to whichever thread is far enough ahead to use it.
+            // reserving more space increases quality for some videos, but costs more time
+            // in thread synchronization.
+            int max_range = (h->param.i_height + X264_THREAD_HEIGHT) / h->param.i_threads - X264_THREAD_HEIGHT;
+            r = max_range / 2;
+        }
+        r = X264_MAX( r, h->param.analyse.i_me_range );
+        r = X264_MIN( r, h->param.analyse.i_mv_range );
+        // round up to use the whole mb row
+        r2 = (r & ~15) + ((-X264_THREAD_HEIGHT) & 15);
+        if( r2 < r )
+            r2 += 16;
+        x264_log( h, X264_LOG_DEBUG, "using mv_range_thread = %d\n", r2 );
+        h->param.analyse.i_mv_range_thread = r2;
+    }
 
     if( h->param.rc.f_qblur < 0 )
         h->param.rc.f_qblur = 0;
     if( h->param.rc.f_complexity_blur < 0 )
         h->param.rc.f_complexity_blur = 0;
 
+    h->param.i_sps_id &= 31;
+
+    if( h->param.i_log_level < X264_LOG_INFO )
+    {
+        h->param.analyse.b_psnr = 0;
+        h->param.analyse.b_ssim = 0;
+    }
+
+    /* ensure the booleans are 0 or 1 so they can be used in math */
+#define BOOLIFY(x) h->param.x = !!h->param.x
+    BOOLIFY( b_cabac );
+    BOOLIFY( b_deblocking_filter );
+    BOOLIFY( b_interlaced );
+    BOOLIFY( analyse.b_transform_8x8 );
+    BOOLIFY( analyse.i_direct_8x8_inference );
+    BOOLIFY( analyse.b_bidir_me );
+    BOOLIFY( analyse.b_chroma_me );
+    BOOLIFY( analyse.b_fast_pskip );
+    BOOLIFY( rc.b_stat_write );
+    BOOLIFY( rc.b_stat_read );
+#undef BOOLIFY
+
     return 0;
 }
 
+static void mbcmp_init( x264_t *h )
+{
+    int satd = !h->mb.b_lossless && h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine > 1;
+    memcpy( h->pixf.mbcmp, satd ? h->pixf.satd : h->pixf.sad, sizeof(h->pixf.mbcmp) );
+    satd &= h->param.analyse.i_me_method == X264_ME_TESA;
+    memcpy( h->pixf.fpelcmp, satd ? h->pixf.satd : h->pixf.sad, sizeof(h->pixf.fpelcmp) );
+    memcpy( h->pixf.fpelcmp_x3, satd ? h->pixf.satd_x3 : h->pixf.sad_x3, sizeof(h->pixf.fpelcmp_x3) );
+    memcpy( h->pixf.fpelcmp_x4, satd ? h->pixf.satd_x4 : h->pixf.sad_x4, sizeof(h->pixf.fpelcmp_x4) );
+}
+
 /****************************************************************************
  * x264_encoder_open:
  ****************************************************************************/
 x264_t *x264_encoder_open   ( x264_param_t *param )
 {
     x264_t *h = x264_malloc( sizeof( x264_t ) );
+    char buf[1000], *p;
     int i;
 
     memset( h, 0, sizeof( x264_t ) );
@@ -459,18 +611,9 @@ x264_t *x264_encoder_open   ( x264_param_t *param )
     {
         int i_w = param->vui.i_sar_width;
         int i_h = param->vui.i_sar_height;
-        int a = i_w, b = i_h;
 
-        while( b != 0 )
-        {
-            int t = a;
+        x264_reduce_fraction( &i_w, &i_h );
 
-            a = b;
-            b = t % b;
-        }
-
-        i_w /= a;
-        i_h /= a;
         while( i_w > 65535 || i_h > 65535 )
         {
             i_w /= 2;
@@ -481,11 +624,7 @@ x264_t *x264_encoder_open   ( x264_param_t *param )
         h->param.vui.i_sar_height = 0;
         if( i_w == 0 || i_h == 0 )
         {
-            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_ERROR, "cannot create valid sample aspect ratio\n" );
-        }
-        else if( i_w == i_h )
-        {
-            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_INFO, "no need for a SAR\n" );
+            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_WARNING, "cannot create valid sample aspect ratio\n" );
         }
         else
         {
@@ -495,51 +634,41 @@ x264_t *x264_encoder_open   ( x264_param_t *param )
         }
     }
 
+    x264_reduce_fraction( &h->param.i_fps_num, &h->param.i_fps_den );
 
     /* Init x264_t */
-    h->out.i_nal = 0;
-    h->out.i_bitstream = X264_MAX( 1000000, h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height * 1.7
-        * ( h->param.rc.b_cbr ? pow( 0.5, h->param.rc.i_qp_min )
-          : pow( 0.5, h->param.rc.i_qp_constant ) * X264_MAX( 1, h->param.rc.f_ip_factor )));
-    h->out.p_bitstream = x264_malloc( h->out.i_bitstream );
-
     h->i_frame = 0;
     h->i_frame_num = 0;
     h->i_idr_pic_id = 0;
 
     h->sps = &h->sps_array[0];
-    x264_sps_init( h->sps, 0, &h->param );
+    x264_sps_init( h->sps, h->param.i_sps_id, &h->param );
 
     h->pps = &h->pps_array[0];
-    x264_pps_init( h->pps, 0, &h->param, h->sps);
+    x264_pps_init( h->pps, h->param.i_sps_id, &h->param, h->sps);
+
+    x264_validate_levels( h );
 
-    x264_cqm_init( h );
+    if( x264_cqm_init( h ) < 0 )
+    {
+        x264_free( h );
+        return NULL;
+    }
     
     h->mb.i_mb_count = h->sps->i_mb_width * h->sps->i_mb_height;
 
     /* Init frames. */
-    h->frames.i_delay = h->param.i_bframe;
+    h->frames.i_delay = h->param.i_bframe + h->param.i_threads - 1;
     h->frames.i_max_ref0 = h->param.i_frame_reference;
     h->frames.i_max_ref1 = h->sps->vui.i_num_reorder_frames;
-    h->frames.i_max_dpb  = h->sps->vui.i_max_dec_frame_buffering + 1;
+    h->frames.i_max_dpb  = h->sps->vui.i_max_dec_frame_buffering;
     h->frames.b_have_lowres = !h->param.rc.b_stat_read
-        && ( h->param.rc.b_cbr || h->param.rc.i_rf_constant || h->param.b_bframe_adaptive );
+        && ( h->param.rc.i_rc_method == X264_RC_ABR
+          || h->param.rc.i_rc_method == X264_RC_CRF
+          || h->param.b_bframe_adaptive
+          || h->param.b_pre_scenecut );
+    h->frames.b_have_lowres |= (h->param.rc.b_stat_read && h->param.rc.i_vbv_buffer_size > 0);
 
-    for( i = 0; i < X264_BFRAME_MAX + 3; i++ )
-    {
-        h->frames.current[i] = NULL;
-        h->frames.next[i]    = NULL;
-        h->frames.unused[i]  = NULL;
-    }
-    for( i = 0; i < 1 + h->frames.i_delay; i++ )
-    {
-        h->frames.unused[i] =  x264_frame_new( h );
-    }
-    for( i = 0; i < h->frames.i_max_dpb; i++ )
-    {
-        h->frames.reference[i] = x264_frame_new( h );
-    }
-    h->frames.reference[h->frames.i_max_dpb] = NULL;
     h->frames.i_last_idr = - h->param.i_keyint_max;
     h->frames.i_input    = 0;
     h->frames.last_nonb  = NULL;
@@ -547,13 +676,7 @@ x264_t *x264_encoder_open   ( x264_param_t *param )
     h->i_ref0 = 0;
     h->i_ref1 = 0;
 
-    h->fdec = h->frames.reference[0];
-
-    /* init mb cache */
-    x264_macroblock_cache_init( h );
-
-    /* init cabac adaptive model */
-    x264_cabac_model_init( &h->cabac );
+    x264_rdo_init( );
 
     /* init CPU functions */
     x264_predict_16x16_init( h->param.cpu, h->predict_16x16 );
@@ -563,30 +686,68 @@ x264_t *x264_encoder_open   ( x264_param_t *param )
 
     x264_pixel_init( h->param.cpu, &h->pixf );
     x264_dct_init( h->param.cpu, &h->dctf );
+    x264_zigzag_init( h->param.cpu, &h->zigzagf, h->param.b_interlaced );
     x264_mc_init( h->param.cpu, &h->mc );
-    x264_csp_init( h->param.cpu, h->param.i_csp, &h->csp );
     x264_quant_init( h, h->param.cpu, &h->quantf );
+    x264_deblock_init( h->param.cpu, &h->loopf );
+    x264_dct_init_weights();
 
-    memcpy( h->pixf.mbcmp,
-            ( h->mb.b_lossless || h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine <= 1 ) ? h->pixf.sad : h->pixf.satd,
-            sizeof(h->pixf.mbcmp) );
+    mbcmp_init( h );
 
-    /* rate control */
-    if( x264_ratecontrol_new( h ) < 0 )
-        return NULL;
+    p = buf + sprintf( buf, "using cpu capabilities:" );
+    for( i=0; x264_cpu_names[i].flags; i++ )
+    {
+        if( !strcmp(x264_cpu_names[i].name, "SSE2")
+            && param->cpu & (X264_CPU_SSE2_IS_FAST|X264_CPU_SSE2_IS_SLOW) )
+            continue;
+        if( !strcmp(x264_cpu_names[i].name, "SSE3")
+            && (param->cpu & X264_CPU_SSSE3 || !(param->cpu & X264_CPU_CACHELINE_64)) )
+            continue;
+        if( (param->cpu & x264_cpu_names[i].flags) == x264_cpu_names[i].flags
+            && (!i || x264_cpu_names[i].flags != x264_cpu_names[i-1].flags) )
+            p += sprintf( p, " %s", x264_cpu_names[i].name );
+    }
+    if( !param->cpu )
+        p += sprintf( p, " none!" );
+    x264_log( h, X264_LOG_INFO, "%s\n", buf );
 
-    x264_log( h, X264_LOG_INFO, "using cpu capabilities %s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
-             param->cpu&X264_CPU_MMX ? "MMX " : "",
-             param->cpu&X264_CPU_MMXEXT ? "MMXEXT " : "",
-             param->cpu&X264_CPU_SSE ? "SSE " : "",
-             param->cpu&X264_CPU_SSE2 ? "SSE2 " : "",
-             param->cpu&X264_CPU_3DNOW ? "3DNow! " : "",
-             param->cpu&X264_CPU_ALTIVEC ? "Altivec " : "" );
+    h->out.i_nal = 0;
+    h->out.i_bitstream = X264_MAX( 1000000, h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height * 4
+        * ( h->param.rc.i_rc_method == X264_RC_ABR ? pow( 0.95, h->param.rc.i_qp_min )
+          : pow( 0.95, h->param.rc.i_qp_constant ) * X264_MAX( 1, h->param.rc.f_ip_factor )));
 
     h->thread[0] = h;
-    for( i = 1; i < param->i_threads; i++ )
+    h->i_thread_num = 0;
+    for( i = 1; i < h->param.i_threads; i++ )
         h->thread[i] = x264_malloc( sizeof(x264_t) );
 
+    for( i = 0; i < h->param.i_threads; i++ )
+    {
+        if( i > 0 )
+            *h->thread[i] = *h;
+        h->thread[i]->fdec = x264_frame_pop_unused( h );
+        h->thread[i]->out.p_bitstream = x264_malloc( h->out.i_bitstream );
+        if( x264_macroblock_cache_init( h->thread[i] ) < 0 )
+            return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if( x264_ratecontrol_new( h ) < 0 )
+        return NULL;
+
+    if( h->param.psz_dump_yuv )
+    {
+        /* create or truncate the reconstructed video file */
+        FILE *f = fopen( h->param.psz_dump_yuv, "w" );
+        if( f )
+            fclose( f );
+        else
+        {
+            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_ERROR, "can't write to fdec.yuv\n" );
+            x264_free( h );
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
     return h;
 }
 
@@ -595,21 +756,36 @@ x264_t *x264_encoder_open   ( x264_param_t *param )
  ****************************************************************************/
 int x264_encoder_reconfig( x264_t *h, x264_param_t *param )
 {
-    h->param.i_bframe_bias = param->i_bframe_bias;
-    h->param.i_deblocking_filter_alphac0 = param->i_deblocking_filter_alphac0;
-    h->param.i_deblocking_filter_beta    = param->i_deblocking_filter_beta;
-    h->param.analyse.i_me_method = param->analyse.i_me_method;
-    h->param.analyse.i_me_range = param->analyse.i_me_range;
-    h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine = param->analyse.i_subpel_refine;
-    h->param.analyse.intra = param->analyse.intra;
-    h->param.analyse.inter = param->analyse.inter;
-    if( h->sps->b_direct8x8_inference && h->param.i_bframe
-        && h->param.analyse.i_direct_mv_pred == X264_DIRECT_PRED_TEMPORAL )
-        h->param.analyse.inter &= ~X264_ANALYSE_PSUB8x8;
-
-    memcpy( h->pixf.mbcmp,
-            ( h->mb.b_lossless || h->param.analyse.i_subpel_refine <= 1 ) ? h->pixf.sad : h->pixf.satd,
-            sizeof(h->pixf.mbcmp) );
+#define COPY(var) h->param.var = param->var
+    COPY( i_frame_reference ); // but never uses more refs than initially specified
+    COPY( i_bframe_bias );
+    if( h->param.i_scenecut_threshold >= 0 && param->i_scenecut_threshold >= 0 )
+        COPY( i_scenecut_threshold ); // can't turn it on or off, only vary the threshold
+    COPY( b_deblocking_filter );
+    COPY( i_deblocking_filter_alphac0 );
+    COPY( i_deblocking_filter_beta );
+    COPY( analyse.intra );
+    COPY( analyse.inter );
+    COPY( analyse.i_direct_mv_pred );
+    COPY( analyse.i_me_method );
+    COPY( analyse.i_me_range );
+    COPY( analyse.i_noise_reduction );
+    COPY( analyse.i_subpel_refine );
+    COPY( analyse.i_trellis );
+    COPY( analyse.b_bidir_me );
+    COPY( analyse.b_bframe_rdo );
+    COPY( analyse.b_chroma_me );
+    COPY( analyse.b_dct_decimate );
+    COPY( analyse.b_fast_pskip );
+    COPY( analyse.b_mixed_references );
+    // can only twiddle these if they were enabled to begin with:
+    if( h->pps->b_transform_8x8_mode )
+        COPY( analyse.b_transform_8x8 );
+    if( h->frames.i_max_ref1 > 1 )
+        COPY( b_bframe_pyramid );
+#undef COPY
+
+    mbcmp_init( h );
 
     return x264_validate_parameters( h );
 }
@@ -622,19 +798,13 @@ static void x264_nal_start( x264_t *h, int i_type, int i_ref_idc )
     nal->i_ref_idc = i_ref_idc;
     nal->i_type    = i_type;
 
-    bs_align_0( &h->out.bs );   /* not needed */
-
     nal->i_payload= 0;
-    nal->p_payload= &h->out.p_bitstream[bs_pos( &h->out.bs) / 8];
+    nal->p_payload= &h->out.p_bitstream[bs_pos( &h->out.bs ) / 8];
 }
 static void x264_nal_end( x264_t *h )
 {
     x264_nal_t *nal = &h->out.nal[h->out.i_nal];
-
-    bs_align_0( &h->out.bs );   /* not needed */
-
-    nal->i_payload = &h->out.p_bitstream[bs_pos( &h->out.bs)/8] - nal->p_payload;
-
+    nal->i_payload = &h->out.p_bitstream[bs_pos( &h->out.bs ) / 8] - nal->p_payload;
     h->out.i_nal++;
 }
 
@@ -652,7 +822,7 @@ int x264_encoder_headers( x264_t *h, x264_nal_t **pp_nal, int *pi_nal )
     {
         /* identify ourself */
         x264_nal_start( h, NAL_SEI, NAL_PRIORITY_DISPOSABLE );
-        x264_sei_version_write( &h->out.bs );
+        x264_sei_version_write( h, &h->out.bs );
         x264_nal_end( h );
 
         /* generate sequence parameters */
@@ -668,61 +838,12 @@ int x264_encoder_headers( x264_t *h, x264_nal_t **pp_nal, int *pi_nal )
     /* now set output*/
     *pi_nal = h->out.i_nal;
     *pp_nal = &h->out.nal[0];
+    h->out.i_nal = 0;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
-
-static void x264_frame_put( x264_frame_t *list[X264_BFRAME_MAX], x264_frame_t *frame )
-{
-    int i = 0;
-    while( list[i] ) i++;
-    list[i] = frame;
-}
-
-static void x264_frame_push( x264_frame_t *list[X264_BFRAME_MAX], x264_frame_t *frame )
-{
-    int i = 0;
-    while( list[i] ) i++;
-    while( i-- )
-        list[i+1] = list[i];
-    list[0] = frame;
-}
-
-static x264_frame_t *x264_frame_get( x264_frame_t *list[X264_BFRAME_MAX+1] )
-{
-    x264_frame_t *frame = list[0];
-    int i;
-    for( i = 0; list[i]; i++ )
-        list[i] = list[i+1];
-    return frame;
-}
-
-static void x264_frame_sort( x264_frame_t *list[X264_BFRAME_MAX+1], int b_dts )
-{
-    int i, b_ok;
-    do {
-        b_ok = 1;
-        for( i = 0; list[i+1]; i++ )
-        {
-            int dtype = list[i]->i_type - list[i+1]->i_type;
-            int dtime = list[i]->i_frame - list[i+1]->i_frame;
-            int swap = b_dts ? dtype > 0 || ( dtype == 0 && dtime > 0 )
-                             : dtime > 0;
-            if( swap )
-            {
-                x264_frame_t *tmp = list[i+1];
-                list[i+1] = list[i];
-                list[i] = tmp;
-                b_ok = 0;
-            }
-        }
-    } while( !b_ok );
-}
-#define x264_frame_sort_dts(list) x264_frame_sort(list, 1)
-#define x264_frame_sort_pts(list) x264_frame_sort(list, 0)
-
-static inline void x264_reference_build_list( x264_t *h, int i_poc, int i_slice_type )
+static inline void x264_reference_build_list( x264_t *h, int i_poc )
 {
     int i;
     int b_ok;
@@ -730,18 +851,15 @@ static inline void x264_reference_build_list( x264_t *h, int i_poc, int i_slice_
     /* build ref list 0/1 */
     h->i_ref0 = 0;
     h->i_ref1 = 0;
-    for( i = 1; i < h->frames.i_max_dpb; i++ )
+    for( i = 0; h->frames.reference[i]; i++ )
     {
-        if( h->frames.reference[i]->i_poc >= 0 )
+        if( h->frames.reference[i]->i_poc < i_poc )
         {
-            if( h->frames.reference[i]->i_poc < i_poc )
-            {
-                h->fref0[h->i_ref0++] = h->frames.reference[i];
-            }
-            else if( h->frames.reference[i]->i_poc > i_poc )
-            {
-                h->fref1[h->i_ref1++] = h->frames.reference[i];
-            }
+            h->fref0[h->i_ref0++] = h->frames.reference[i];
+        }
+        else if( h->frames.reference[i]->i_poc > i_poc )
+        {
+            h->fref1[h->i_ref1++] = h->frames.reference[i];
         }
     }
 
@@ -753,10 +871,7 @@ static inline void x264_reference_build_list( x264_t *h, int i_poc, int i_slice_
         {
             if( h->fref0[i]->i_poc < h->fref0[i+1]->i_poc )
             {
-                x264_frame_t *tmp = h->fref0[i+1];
-
-                h->fref0[i+1] = h->fref0[i];
-                h->fref0[i] = tmp;
+                XCHG( x264_frame_t*, h->fref0[i], h->fref0[i+1] );
                 b_ok = 0;
                 break;
             }
@@ -770,10 +885,7 @@ static inline void x264_reference_build_list( x264_t *h, int i_poc, int i_slice_
         {
             if( h->fref1[i]->i_poc > h->fref1[i+1]->i_poc )
             {
-                x264_frame_t *tmp = h->fref1[i+1];
-
-                h->fref1[i+1] = h->fref1[i];
-                h->fref1[i] = tmp;
+                XCHG( x264_frame_t*, h->fref1[i], h->fref1[i+1] );
                 b_ok = 0;
                 break;
             }
@@ -784,7 +896,7 @@ static inline void x264_reference_build_list( x264_t *h, int i_poc, int i_slice_
      * We use POC, but check whether explicit reordering is needed */
     h->b_ref_reorder[0] =
     h->b_ref_reorder[1] = 0;
-    if( i_slice_type == SLICE_TYPE_P )
+    if( h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_P )
     {
         for( i = 0; i < h->i_ref0 - 1; i++ )
             if( h->fref0[i]->i_frame_num < h->fref0[i+1]->i_frame_num )
@@ -796,35 +908,107 @@ static inline void x264_reference_build_list( x264_t *h, int i_poc, int i_slice_
 
     h->i_ref1 = X264_MIN( h->i_ref1, h->frames.i_max_ref1 );
     h->i_ref0 = X264_MIN( h->i_ref0, h->frames.i_max_ref0 );
-    h->i_ref0 = X264_MIN( h->i_ref0, 16 - h->i_ref1 );
+    h->i_ref0 = X264_MIN( h->i_ref0, h->param.i_frame_reference ); // if reconfig() has lowered the limit
+    assert( h->i_ref0 + h->i_ref1 <= 16 );
+    h->mb.pic.i_fref[0] = h->i_ref0;
+    h->mb.pic.i_fref[1] = h->i_ref1;
 }
 
-static inline void x264_reference_update( x264_t *h )
+static void x264_fdec_filter_row( x264_t *h, int mb_y )
 {
-    int i;
+    /* mb_y is the mb to be encoded next, not the mb to be filtered here */
+    int b_hpel = h->fdec->b_kept_as_ref;
+    int b_deblock = !h->sh.i_disable_deblocking_filter_idc;
+    int b_end = mb_y == h->sps->i_mb_height;
+    int min_y = mb_y - (1 << h->sh.b_mbaff);
+    int max_y = b_end ? h->sps->i_mb_height : mb_y;
+    b_deblock &= b_hpel || h->param.psz_dump_yuv;
+    if( mb_y & h->sh.b_mbaff )
+        return;
+    if( min_y < 0 )
+        return;
+
+    if( !b_end )
+    {
+        int i, j;
+        for( j=0; j<=h->sh.b_mbaff; j++ )
+            for( i=0; i<3; i++ )
+            {
+                memcpy( h->mb.intra_border_backup[j][i],
+                        h->fdec->plane[i] + ((mb_y*16 >> !!i) + j - 1 - h->sh.b_mbaff) * h->fdec->i_stride[i],
+                        h->sps->i_mb_width*16 >> !!i );
+            }
+    }
+
+    if( b_deblock )
+    {
+        int y;
+        for( y = min_y; y < max_y; y += (1 << h->sh.b_mbaff) )
+            x264_frame_deblock_row( h, y );
+    }
+
+    if( b_hpel )
+    {
+        x264_frame_expand_border( h, h->fdec, min_y, b_end );
+        x264_frame_filter( h, h->fdec, min_y, b_end );
+        x264_frame_expand_border_filtered( h, h->fdec, min_y, b_end );
+    }
 
-    /* apply deblocking filter to the current decoded picture */
-    if( !h->sh.i_disable_deblocking_filter_idc )
+    if( h->param.i_threads > 1 && h->fdec->b_kept_as_ref )
+    {
+        x264_frame_cond_broadcast( h->fdec, mb_y*16 + (b_end ? 10000 : -(X264_THREAD_HEIGHT << h->sh.b_mbaff)) );
+    }
+
+    min_y = X264_MAX( min_y*16-8, 0 );
+    max_y = b_end ? h->param.i_height : mb_y*16-8;
+
+    if( h->param.analyse.b_psnr )
     {
-        TIMER_START( i_mtime_filter );
-        x264_frame_deblocking_filter( h, h->sh.i_type );
-        TIMER_STOP( i_mtime_filter );
+        int i;
+        for( i=0; i<3; i++ )
+            h->stat.frame.i_ssd[i] +=
+                x264_pixel_ssd_wxh( &h->pixf,
+                    h->fdec->plane[i] + (min_y>>!!i) * h->fdec->i_stride[i], h->fdec->i_stride[i],
+                    h->fenc->plane[i] + (min_y>>!!i) * h->fenc->i_stride[i], h->fenc->i_stride[i],
+                    h->param.i_width >> !!i, (max_y-min_y) >> !!i );
+    }
+
+    if( h->param.analyse.b_ssim )
+    {
+        x264_emms();
+        /* offset by 2 pixels to avoid alignment of ssim blocks with dct blocks,
+         * and overlap by 4 */
+        min_y += min_y == 0 ? 2 : -6;
+        h->stat.frame.f_ssim +=
+            x264_pixel_ssim_wxh( &h->pixf,
+                h->fdec->plane[0] + 2+min_y*h->fdec->i_stride[0], h->fdec->i_stride[0],
+                h->fenc->plane[0] + 2+min_y*h->fenc->i_stride[0], h->fenc->i_stride[0],
+                h->param.i_width-2, max_y-min_y );
     }
-    /* expand border */
-    x264_frame_expand_border( h->fdec );
+}
+
+static inline void x264_reference_update( x264_t *h )
+{
+    int i;
 
-    /* create filtered images */
-    x264_frame_filter( h->param.cpu, h->fdec );
+    if( h->fdec->i_frame >= 0 )
+        h->i_frame++;
 
-    /* expand border of filtered images */
-    x264_frame_expand_border_filtered( h->fdec );
+    if( !h->fdec->b_kept_as_ref )
+    {
+        if( h->param.i_threads > 1 )
+        {
+            x264_frame_push_unused( h, h->fdec );
+            h->fdec = x264_frame_pop_unused( h );
+        }
+        return;
+    }
 
     /* move lowres copy of the image to the ref frame */
     for( i = 0; i < 4; i++)
     {
-        uint8_t *tmp = h->fdec->lowres[i];
-        h->fdec->lowres[i] = h->fenc->lowres[i];
-        h->fenc->lowres[i] = tmp;
+        XCHG( uint8_t*, h->fdec->lowres[i], h->fenc->lowres[i] );
+        XCHG( uint8_t*, h->fdec->buffer_lowres[i], h->fenc->buffer_lowres[i] );
     }
 
     /* adaptive B decision needs a pointer, since it can't use the ref lists */
@@ -832,39 +1016,33 @@ static inline void x264_reference_update( x264_t *h )
         h->frames.last_nonb = h->fdec;
 
     /* move frame in the buffer */
-    h->fdec = h->frames.reference[h->frames.i_max_dpb-1];
-    for( i = h->frames.i_max_dpb-1; i > 0; i-- )
-    {
-        h->frames.reference[i] = h->frames.reference[i-1];
-    }
-    h->frames.reference[0] = h->fdec;
+    x264_frame_push( h->frames.reference, h->fdec );
+    if( h->frames.reference[h->frames.i_max_dpb] )
+        x264_frame_push_unused( h, x264_frame_shift( h->frames.reference ) );
+    h->fdec = x264_frame_pop_unused( h );
 }
 
 static inline void x264_reference_reset( x264_t *h )
 {
-    int i;
-
-    /* reset ref pictures */
-    for( i = 1; i < h->frames.i_max_dpb; i++ )
-    {
-        h->frames.reference[i]->i_poc = -1;
-    }
-    h->frames.reference[0]->i_poc = 0;
+    while( h->frames.reference[0] )
+        x264_frame_push_unused( h, x264_frame_pop( h->frames.reference ) );
+    h->fdec->i_poc =
+    h->fenc->i_poc = 0;
 }
 
-static inline void x264_slice_init( x264_t *h, int i_nal_type, int i_slice_type, int i_global_qp )
+static inline void x264_slice_init( x264_t *h, int i_nal_type, int i_global_qp )
 {
     /* ------------------------ Create slice header  ----------------------- */
     if( i_nal_type == NAL_SLICE_IDR )
     {
-        x264_slice_header_init( h, &h->sh, h->sps, h->pps, i_slice_type, h->i_idr_pic_id, h->i_frame_num - 1, i_global_qp );
+        x264_slice_header_init( h, &h->sh, h->sps, h->pps, h->i_idr_pic_id, h->i_frame_num, i_global_qp );
 
         /* increment id */
         h->i_idr_pic_id = ( h->i_idr_pic_id + 1 ) % 65536;
     }
     else
     {
-        x264_slice_header_init( h, &h->sh, h->sps, h->pps, i_slice_type, -1, h->i_frame_num - 1, i_global_qp );
+        x264_slice_header_init( h, &h->sh, h->sps, h->pps, -1, h->i_frame_num, i_global_qp );
 
         /* always set the real higher num of ref frame used */
         h->sh.b_num_ref_idx_override = 1;
@@ -888,22 +1066,13 @@ static inline void x264_slice_init( x264_t *h, int i_nal_type, int i_slice_type,
         /* Nothing to do ? */
     }
 
-    /* get adapative cabac model if needed */
-    if( h->param.b_cabac )
-    {
-        if( h->param.i_cabac_init_idc == -1 )
-        {
-            h->sh.i_cabac_init_idc = x264_cabac_model_get( &h->cabac, i_slice_type );
-        }
-    }
-
     x264_macroblock_slice_init( h );
 }
 
-static int x264_slice_write( x264_t *h )
+static void x264_slice_write( x264_t *h )
 {
     int i_skip;
-    int mb_xy;
+    int mb_xy, i_mb_x, i_mb_y;
     int i;
 
     /* init stats */
@@ -921,17 +1090,21 @@ static int x264_slice_write( x264_t *h )
 
         /* init cabac */
         x264_cabac_context_init( &h->cabac, h->sh.i_type, h->sh.i_qp, h->sh.i_cabac_init_idc );
-        x264_cabac_encode_init ( &h->cabac, &h->out.bs );
+        x264_cabac_encode_init ( &h->cabac, h->out.bs.p, h->out.bs.p_end );
     }
     h->mb.i_last_qp = h->sh.i_qp;
     h->mb.i_last_dqp = 0;
 
-    for( mb_xy = h->sh.i_first_mb, i_skip = 0; mb_xy < h->sh.i_last_mb; mb_xy++ )
+    i_mb_y = h->sh.i_first_mb / h->sps->i_mb_width;
+    i_mb_x = h->sh.i_first_mb % h->sps->i_mb_width;
+    i_skip = 0;
+
+    while( (mb_xy = i_mb_x + i_mb_y * h->sps->i_mb_width) < h->sh.i_last_mb )
     {
-        const int i_mb_y = mb_xy / h->sps->i_mb_width;
-        const int i_mb_x = mb_xy % h->sps->i_mb_width;
+        int mb_spos = bs_pos(&h->out.bs) + x264_cabac_pos(&h->cabac);
 
-        int mb_spos = bs_pos(&h->out.bs);
+        if( i_mb_x == 0 )
+            x264_fdec_filter_row( h, i_mb_y );
 
         /* load cache */
         x264_macroblock_cache_load( h, i_mb_x, i_mb_y );
@@ -940,20 +1113,17 @@ static int x264_slice_write( x264_t *h )
          * Slice I: choose I_4x4 or I_16x16 mode
          * Slice P: choose between using P mode or intra (4x4 or 16x16)
          * */
-        TIMER_START( i_mtime_analyse );
         x264_macroblock_analyse( h );
-        TIMER_STOP( i_mtime_analyse );
 
-        /* encode this macrobock -> be carefull it can change the mb type to P_SKIP if needed */
-        TIMER_START( i_mtime_encode );
+        /* encode this macroblock -> be careful it can change the mb type to P_SKIP if needed */
         x264_macroblock_encode( h );
-        TIMER_STOP( i_mtime_encode );
 
-        TIMER_START( i_mtime_write );
+        x264_bitstream_check_buffer( h );
+
         if( h->param.b_cabac )
         {
-            if( mb_xy > h->sh.i_first_mb )
-                x264_cabac_encode_terminal( &h->cabac, 0 );
+            if( mb_xy > h->sh.i_first_mb && !(h->sh.b_mbaff && (i_mb_y&1)) )
+                x264_cabac_encode_terminal( &h->cabac );
 
             if( IS_SKIP( h->mb.i_type ) )
                 x264_cabac_mb_skip( h, 1 );
@@ -978,7 +1148,6 @@ static int x264_slice_write( x264_t *h )
                 x264_macroblock_write_cavlc( h, &h->out.bs );
             }
         }
-        TIMER_STOP( i_mtime_write );
 
 #if VISUALIZE
         if( h->param.b_visualize )
@@ -1013,44 +1182,75 @@ static int x264_slice_write( x264_t *h )
             h->stat.frame.i_mb_count_8x8dct[1] += h->mb.b_transform_8x8;
         }
 
-        if( h->mb.b_variable_qp )
-            x264_ratecontrol_mb(h, bs_pos(&h->out.bs) - mb_spos);
-    }
+        x264_ratecontrol_mb( h, bs_pos(&h->out.bs) + x264_cabac_pos(&h->cabac) - mb_spos );
 
-    if( h->param.b_cabac )
-    {
-        /* end of slice */
-        x264_cabac_encode_terminal( &h->cabac, 1 );
-    }
-    else if( i_skip > 0 )
-    {
-        bs_write_ue( &h->out.bs, i_skip );  /* last skip run */
+        if( h->sh.b_mbaff )
+        {
+            i_mb_x += i_mb_y & 1;
+            i_mb_y ^= i_mb_x < h->sps->i_mb_width;
+        }
+        else
+            i_mb_x++;
+        if(i_mb_x == h->sps->i_mb_width)
+        {
+            i_mb_y++;
+            i_mb_x = 0;
+        }
     }
 
     if( h->param.b_cabac )
     {
-        x264_cabac_encode_flush( &h->cabac );
-
+        x264_cabac_encode_flush( h, &h->cabac );
+        h->out.bs.p = h->cabac.p;
     }
     else
     {
+        if( i_skip > 0 )
+            bs_write_ue( &h->out.bs, i_skip );  /* last skip run */
         /* rbsp_slice_trailing_bits */
         bs_rbsp_trailing( &h->out.bs );
     }
 
     x264_nal_end( h );
 
+    x264_fdec_filter_row( h, h->sps->i_mb_height );
+
     /* Compute misc bits */
     h->stat.frame.i_misc_bits = bs_pos( &h->out.bs )
                               + NALU_OVERHEAD * 8
                               - h->stat.frame.i_itex_bits
                               - h->stat.frame.i_ptex_bits
                               - h->stat.frame.i_hdr_bits;
+}
 
-    return 0;
+static void x264_thread_sync_context( x264_t *dst, x264_t *src )
+{
+    x264_frame_t **f;
+    if( dst == src )
+        return;
+
+    // reference counting
+    for( f = src->frames.reference; *f; f++ )
+        (*f)->i_reference_count++;
+    for( f = dst->frames.reference; *f; f++ )
+        x264_frame_push_unused( src, *f );
+    src->fdec->i_reference_count++;
+    x264_frame_push_unused( src, dst->fdec );
+
+    // copy everything except the per-thread pointers and the constants.
+    memcpy( &dst->i_frame, &src->i_frame, offsetof(x264_t, mb.type) - offsetof(x264_t, i_frame) );
+    memcpy( &dst->mb.i_type, &src->mb.i_type, offsetof(x264_t, rc) - offsetof(x264_t, mb.i_type) );
+    dst->stat = src->stat;
+}
+
+static void x264_thread_sync_stat( x264_t *dst, x264_t *src )
+{
+    if( dst == src )
+        return;
+    memcpy( &dst->stat.i_slice_count, &src->stat.i_slice_count, sizeof(dst->stat) - sizeof(dst->stat.frame) );
 }
 
-static inline int x264_slices_write( x264_t *h )
+static int x264_slices_write( x264_t *h )
 {
     int i_frame_size;
 
@@ -1059,60 +1259,8 @@ static inline int x264_slices_write( x264_t *h )
         x264_visualize_init( h );
 #endif
 
-    if( h->param.i_threads == 1 )
-    {
-        x264_slice_write( h );
-        i_frame_size = h->out.nal[h->out.i_nal-1].i_payload;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        int i_nal = h->out.i_nal;
-        int i_bs_size = h->out.i_bitstream / h->param.i_threads;
-        int i;
-        /* duplicate contexts */
-        for( i = 0; i < h->param.i_threads; i++ )
-        {
-            x264_t *t = h->thread[i];
-            if( i > 0 )
-            {
-                memcpy( t, h, sizeof(x264_t) );
-                t->out.p_bitstream += i*i_bs_size;
-                bs_init( &t->out.bs, t->out.p_bitstream, i_bs_size );
-            }
-            t->sh.i_first_mb = (i    * h->sps->i_mb_height / h->param.i_threads) * h->sps->i_mb_width;
-            t->sh.i_last_mb = ((i+1) * h->sps->i_mb_height / h->param.i_threads) * h->sps->i_mb_width;
-            t->out.i_nal = i_nal + i;
-        }
-
-        /* dispatch */
-#if HAVE_PTHREAD
-        {
-            pthread_t handles[X264_SLICE_MAX];
-            void *status;
-            for( i = 0; i < h->param.i_threads; i++ )
-                pthread_create( &handles[i], NULL, (void*)x264_slice_write, (void*)h->thread[i] );
-            for( i = 0; i < h->param.i_threads; i++ )
-                pthread_join( handles[i], &status );
-        }
-#else
-        for( i = 0; i < h->param.i_threads; i++ )
-            x264_slice_write( h->thread[i] );
-#endif
-
-        /* merge contexts */
-        i_frame_size = h->out.nal[i_nal].i_payload;
-        for( i = 1; i < h->param.i_threads; i++ )
-        {
-            int j;
-            x264_t *t = h->thread[i];
-            h->out.nal[i_nal+i] = t->out.nal[i_nal+i];
-            i_frame_size += t->out.nal[i_nal+i].i_payload;
-            // all entries in stat.frame are ints
-            for( j = 0; j < sizeof(h->stat.frame) / sizeof(int); j++ )
-                ((int*)&h->stat.frame)[j] += ((int*)&t->stat.frame)[j];
-        }
-        h->out.i_nal = i_nal + h->param.i_threads;
-    }
+    x264_stack_align( x264_slice_write, h );
+    i_frame_size = h->out.nal[h->out.i_nal-1].i_payload;
 
 #if VISUALIZE
     if( h->param.b_visualize )
@@ -1122,7 +1270,8 @@ static inline int x264_slices_write( x264_t *h )
     }
 #endif
 
-    return i_frame_size;
+    h->out.i_frame_size = i_frame_size;
+    return 0;
 }
 
 /****************************************************************************
@@ -1143,43 +1292,60 @@ int     x264_encoder_encode( x264_t *h,
                              x264_picture_t *pic_in,
                              x264_picture_t *pic_out )
 {
-    x264_frame_t   *frame_psnr = h->fdec; /* just to keep the current decoded frame for psnr calculation */
+    x264_t *thread_current, *thread_prev, *thread_oldest;
     int     i_nal_type;
     int     i_nal_ref_idc;
-    int     i_slice_type;
-    int     i_frame_size;
-
-    int i;
 
     int   i_global_qp;
 
-    char psz_message[80];
+    if( h->param.i_threads > 1)
+    {
+        int i = ++h->i_thread_phase;
+        int t = h->param.i_threads;
+        thread_current = h->thread[ i%t ];
+        thread_prev    = h->thread[ (i-1)%t ];
+        thread_oldest  = h->thread[ (i+1)%t ];
+        x264_thread_sync_context( thread_current, thread_prev );
+        x264_thread_sync_ratecontrol( thread_current, thread_prev, thread_oldest );
+        h = thread_current;
+//      fprintf(stderr, "current: %p  prev: %p  oldest: %p \n", thread_current, thread_prev, thread_oldest);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        thread_current =
+        thread_prev    =
+        thread_oldest  = h;
+    }
+
+    // ok to call this before encoding any frames, since the initial values of fdec have b_kept_as_ref=0
+    x264_reference_update( h );
+    h->fdec->i_lines_completed = -1;
 
     /* no data out */
     *pi_nal = 0;
     *pp_nal = NULL;
 
-
     /* ------------------- Setup new frame from picture -------------------- */
-    TIMER_START( i_mtime_encode_frame );
     if( pic_in != NULL )
     {
         /* 1: Copy the picture to a frame and move it to a buffer */
-        x264_frame_t *fenc = x264_frame_get( h->frames.unused );
+        x264_frame_t *fenc = x264_frame_pop_unused( h );
 
-        x264_frame_copy_picture( h, fenc, pic_in );
+        if( x264_frame_copy_picture( h, fenc, pic_in ) < 0 )
+            return -1;
 
-        if( h->param.i_width % 16 || h->param.i_height % 16 )
+        if( h->param.i_width != 16 * h->sps->i_mb_width ||
+            h->param.i_height != 16 * h->sps->i_mb_height )
             x264_frame_expand_border_mod16( h, fenc );
 
         fenc->i_frame = h->frames.i_input++;
 
-        x264_frame_put( h->frames.next, fenc );
+        x264_frame_push( h->frames.next, fenc );
 
         if( h->frames.b_have_lowres )
-            x264_frame_init_lowres( h->param.cpu, fenc );
+            x264_frame_init_lowres( h, fenc );
 
-        if( h->frames.i_input <= h->frames.i_delay )
+        if( h->frames.i_input <= h->frames.i_delay + 1 - h->param.i_threads )
         {
             /* Nothing yet to encode */
             /* waiting for filling bframe buffer */
@@ -1193,30 +1359,32 @@ int     x264_encoder_encode( x264_t *h,
         int bframes = 0;
         /* 2: Select frame types */
         if( h->frames.next[0] == NULL )
+        {
+            x264_encoder_frame_end( thread_oldest, thread_current, pp_nal, pi_nal, pic_out );
             return 0;
+        }
 
         x264_slicetype_decide( h );
 
         /* 3: move some B-frames and 1 non-B to encode queue */
         while( IS_X264_TYPE_B( h->frames.next[bframes]->i_type ) )
             bframes++;
-        x264_frame_put( h->frames.current, x264_frame_get( &h->frames.next[bframes] ) );
+        x264_frame_push( h->frames.current, x264_frame_shift( &h->frames.next[bframes] ) );
         /* FIXME: when max B-frames > 3, BREF may no longer be centered after GOP closing */
         if( h->param.b_bframe_pyramid && bframes > 1 )
         {
-            x264_frame_t *mid = x264_frame_get( &h->frames.next[bframes/2] );
+            x264_frame_t *mid = x264_frame_shift( &h->frames.next[bframes/2] );
             mid->i_type = X264_TYPE_BREF;
-            x264_frame_put( h->frames.current, mid );
+            x264_frame_push( h->frames.current, mid );
             bframes--;
         }
         while( bframes-- )
-            x264_frame_put( h->frames.current, x264_frame_get( h->frames.next ) );
+            x264_frame_push( h->frames.current, x264_frame_shift( h->frames.next ) );
     }
-    TIMER_STOP( i_mtime_encode_frame );
 
     /* ------------------- Get frame to be encoded ------------------------- */
     /* 4: get picture to encode */
-    h->fenc = x264_frame_get( h->frames.current );
+    h->fenc = x264_frame_shift( h->frames.current );
     if( h->fenc == NULL )
     {
         /* Nothing yet to encode (ex: waiting for I/P with B frames) */
@@ -1233,8 +1401,7 @@ do_encode:
     }
 
     /* ------------------- Setup frame context ----------------------------- */
-    /* 5: Init data dependant of frame type */
-    TIMER_START( i_mtime_encode_frame );
+    /* 5: Init data dependent of frame type */
     if( h->fenc->i_type == X264_TYPE_IDR )
     {
         /* reset ref pictures */
@@ -1242,31 +1409,31 @@ do_encode:
 
         i_nal_type    = NAL_SLICE_IDR;
         i_nal_ref_idc = NAL_PRIORITY_HIGHEST;
-        i_slice_type = SLICE_TYPE_I;
+        h->sh.i_type = SLICE_TYPE_I;
     }
     else if( h->fenc->i_type == X264_TYPE_I )
     {
         i_nal_type    = NAL_SLICE;
         i_nal_ref_idc = NAL_PRIORITY_HIGH; /* Not completely true but for now it is (as all I/P are kept as ref)*/
-        i_slice_type = SLICE_TYPE_I;
+        h->sh.i_type = SLICE_TYPE_I;
     }
     else if( h->fenc->i_type == X264_TYPE_P )
     {
         i_nal_type    = NAL_SLICE;
         i_nal_ref_idc = NAL_PRIORITY_HIGH; /* Not completely true but for now it is (as all I/P are kept as ref)*/
-        i_slice_type = SLICE_TYPE_P;
+        h->sh.i_type = SLICE_TYPE_P;
     }
     else if( h->fenc->i_type == X264_TYPE_BREF )
     {
         i_nal_type    = NAL_SLICE;
         i_nal_ref_idc = NAL_PRIORITY_HIGH; /* maybe add MMCO to forget it? -> low */
-        i_slice_type = SLICE_TYPE_B;
+        h->sh.i_type = SLICE_TYPE_B;
     }
     else    /* B frame */
     {
         i_nal_type    = NAL_SLICE;
         i_nal_ref_idc = NAL_PRIORITY_DISPOSABLE;
-        i_slice_type = SLICE_TYPE_B;
+        h->sh.i_type = SLICE_TYPE_B;
     }
 
     h->fdec->i_poc =
@@ -1274,29 +1441,29 @@ do_encode:
     h->fdec->i_type = h->fenc->i_type;
     h->fdec->i_frame = h->fenc->i_frame;
     h->fenc->b_kept_as_ref =
-    h->fdec->b_kept_as_ref = i_nal_ref_idc != NAL_PRIORITY_DISPOSABLE;
+    h->fdec->b_kept_as_ref = i_nal_ref_idc != NAL_PRIORITY_DISPOSABLE && h->param.i_keyint_max > 1;
 
 
 
     /* ------------------- Init                ----------------------------- */
     /* build ref list 0/1 */
-    x264_reference_build_list( h, h->fdec->i_poc, i_slice_type );
+    x264_reference_build_list( h, h->fdec->i_poc );
 
     /* Init the rate control */
-    x264_ratecontrol_start( h, i_slice_type, h->fenc->i_qpplus1 );
+    x264_ratecontrol_start( h, h->fenc->i_qpplus1 );
     i_global_qp = x264_ratecontrol_qp( h );
 
     pic_out->i_qpplus1 =
     h->fdec->i_qpplus1 = i_global_qp + 1;
 
-    if( i_slice_type == SLICE_TYPE_B )
+    if( h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_B )
         x264_macroblock_bipred_init( h );
 
-    if( h->fenc->b_kept_as_ref )
-        h->i_frame_num++;
-
     /* ------------------------ Create slice header  ----------------------- */
-    x264_slice_init( h, i_nal_type, i_slice_type, i_global_qp );
+    x264_slice_init( h, i_nal_type, i_global_qp );
+
+    if( i_nal_ref_idc != NAL_PRIORITY_DISPOSABLE )
+        h->i_frame_num++;
 
     /* ---------------------- Write the bitstream -------------------------- */
     /* Init bitstream context */
@@ -1306,11 +1473,11 @@ do_encode:
     if(h->param.b_aud){
         int pic_type;
 
-        if(i_slice_type == SLICE_TYPE_I)
+        if(h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_I)
             pic_type = 0;
-        else if(i_slice_type == SLICE_TYPE_P)
+        else if(h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_P)
             pic_type = 1;
-        else if(i_slice_type == SLICE_TYPE_B)
+        else if(h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_B)
             pic_type = 2;
         else
             pic_type = 7;
@@ -1325,13 +1492,13 @@ do_encode:
     h->i_nal_ref_idc = i_nal_ref_idc;
 
     /* Write SPS and PPS */
-    if( i_nal_type == NAL_SLICE_IDR )
+    if( i_nal_type == NAL_SLICE_IDR && h->param.b_repeat_headers )
     {
         if( h->fenc->i_frame == 0 )
         {
             /* identify ourself */
             x264_nal_start( h, NAL_SEI, NAL_PRIORITY_DISPOSABLE );
-            x264_sei_version_write( &h->out.bs );
+            x264_sei_version_write( h, &h->out.bs );
             x264_nal_end( h );
         }
 
@@ -1347,13 +1514,20 @@ do_encode:
     }
 
     /* Write frame */
-    i_frame_size = x264_slices_write( h );
+    if( h->param.i_threads > 1 )
+    {
+        x264_pthread_create( &h->thread_handle, NULL, (void*)x264_slices_write, h );
+        h->b_thread_active = 1;
+    }
+    else
+        x264_slices_write( h );
 
     /* restore CPU state (before using float again) */
-    x264_cpu_restore( h->param.cpu );
+    x264_emms();
 
-    if( i_slice_type == SLICE_TYPE_P && !h->param.rc.b_stat_read 
-        && h->param.i_scenecut_threshold >= 0 )
+    if( h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_P && !h->param.rc.b_stat_read 
+        && h->param.i_scenecut_threshold >= 0
+        && !h->param.b_pre_scenecut )
     {
         const int *mbs = h->stat.frame.i_mb_count;
         int i_mb_i = mbs[I_16x16] + mbs[I_8x8] + mbs[I_4x4];
@@ -1374,8 +1548,8 @@ do_encode:
 
         /* macroblock_analyse() doesn't further analyse skipped mbs,
          * so we have to guess their cost */
-        if( i_mb_s < i_mb )
-            i_intra_cost = i_intra_cost * i_mb / (i_mb - i_mb_s);
+        if( h->stat.frame.i_mbs_analysed > 0 )
+            i_intra_cost = i_intra_cost * i_mb / h->stat.frame.i_mbs_analysed;
 
         if( i_gop_size < h->param.i_keyint_min / 4 )
             f_bias = f_thresh_min / 4;
@@ -1391,15 +1565,15 @@ do_encode:
         f_bias = X264_MIN( f_bias, 1.0 );
 
         /* Bad P will be reencoded as I */
-        if( i_mb_s < i_mb &&
+        if( h->stat.frame.i_mbs_analysed > 0 &&
             i_inter_cost >= (1.0 - f_bias) * i_intra_cost )
         {
             int b;
 
-            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_DEBUG, "scene cut at %d Icost:%.0f Pcost:%.0f ratio:%.3f bias=%.3f lastIDR:%d (I:%d P:%d S:%d)\n",
+            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_DEBUG, "scene cut at %d Icost:%.0f Pcost:%.0f ratio:%.4f bias:%.4f gop:%d (imb:%d pmb:%d smb:%d)\n",
                       h->fenc->i_frame,
                       (double)i_intra_cost, (double)i_inter_cost,
-                      (double)i_inter_cost / i_intra_cost,
+                      1. - (double)i_inter_cost / i_intra_cost,
                       f_bias, i_gop_size,
                       i_mb_i, i_mb_p, i_mb_s );
 
@@ -1420,7 +1594,7 @@ do_encode:
                 if( h->param.b_bframe_adaptive || b > 1 )
                     h->fenc->i_type = X264_TYPE_AUTO;
                 x264_frame_sort_pts( h->frames.current );
-                x264_frame_push( h->frames.next, h->fenc );
+                x264_frame_unshift( h->frames.next, h->fenc );
                 h->fenc = h->frames.current[b-1];
                 h->frames.current[b-1] = NULL;
                 h->fenc->i_type = X264_TYPE_P;
@@ -1429,8 +1603,6 @@ do_encode:
             /* Do IDR if needed */
             else if( i_gop_size >= h->param.i_keyint_min )
             {
-                x264_frame_t *tmp;
-
                 /* Reset */
                 h->i_frame_num = 0;
 
@@ -1439,8 +1611,8 @@ do_encode:
                 h->fenc->i_poc = 0;
 
                 /* Put enqueued frames back in the pool */
-                while( (tmp = x264_frame_get( h->frames.current ) ) != NULL )
-                    x264_frame_put( h->frames.next, tmp );
+                while( h->frames.current[0] )
+                    x264_frame_push( h->frames.next, x264_frame_shift( h->frames.current ) );
                 x264_frame_sort_pts( h->frames.next );
             }
             else
@@ -1451,14 +1623,39 @@ do_encode:
         }
     }
 
+    x264_encoder_frame_end( thread_oldest, thread_current, pp_nal, pi_nal, pic_out );
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void x264_encoder_frame_end( x264_t *h, x264_t *thread_current,
+                                    x264_nal_t **pp_nal, int *pi_nal,
+                                    x264_picture_t *pic_out )
+{
+    int i;
+    char psz_message[80];
+
+    if( h->b_thread_active )
+    {
+        x264_pthread_join( h->thread_handle, NULL );
+        h->b_thread_active = 0;
+    }
+    if( !h->out.i_nal )
+    {
+        pic_out->i_type = X264_TYPE_AUTO;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    x264_frame_push_unused( thread_current, h->fenc );
+
     /* End bitstream, set output  */
     *pi_nal = h->out.i_nal;
     *pp_nal = h->out.nal;
+    h->out.i_nal = 0;
 
     /* Set output picture properties */
-    if( i_slice_type == SLICE_TYPE_I )
-        pic_out->i_type = i_nal_type == NAL_SLICE_IDR ? X264_TYPE_IDR : X264_TYPE_I;
-    else if( i_slice_type == SLICE_TYPE_P )
+    if( h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_I )
+        pic_out->i_type = h->i_nal_type == NAL_SLICE_IDR ? X264_TYPE_IDR : X264_TYPE_I;
+    else if( h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_P )
         pic_out->i_type = X264_TYPE_P;
     else
         pic_out->i_type = X264_TYPE_B;
@@ -1471,39 +1668,25 @@ do_encode:
     }
 
     /* ---------------------- Update encoder state ------------------------- */
-    /* update cabac */
-    if( h->param.b_cabac && h->param.i_cabac_init_idc == -1 )
-    {
-        x264_cabac_model_update( &h->cabac, i_slice_type, h->sh.i_qp );
-    }
-
-    /* handle references */
-    if( i_nal_ref_idc != NAL_PRIORITY_DISPOSABLE )
-    {
-        x264_reference_update( h );
-    }
-
-    /* increase frame count */
-    h->i_frame++;
-
-    /* restore CPU state (before using float again) */
-    /* XXX: not needed? (done above) */
-    x264_cpu_restore( h->param.cpu );
 
     /* update rc */
-    x264_ratecontrol_end( h, i_frame_size * 8 );
+    x264_emms();
+    x264_ratecontrol_end( h, h->out.i_frame_size * 8 );
 
-    x264_frame_put( h->frames.unused, h->fenc );
+    /* restore CPU state (before using float again) */
+    x264_emms();
 
-    TIMER_STOP( i_mtime_encode_frame );
+    x264_noise_reduction_update( thread_current );
 
     /* ---------------------- Compute/Print statistics --------------------- */
+    x264_thread_sync_stat( h, h->thread[0] );
+
     /* Slice stat */
-    h->stat.i_slice_count[i_slice_type]++;
-    h->stat.i_slice_size[i_slice_type] += i_frame_size + NALU_OVERHEAD;
-    h->stat.i_slice_qp[i_slice_type] += i_global_qp;
+    h->stat.i_slice_count[h->sh.i_type]++;
+    h->stat.i_slice_size[h->sh.i_type] += h->out.i_frame_size + NALU_OVERHEAD;
+    h->stat.f_slice_qp[h->sh.i_type] += h->fdec->f_qp_avg_aq;
 
-    for( i = 0; i < 19; i++ )
+    for( i = 0; i < X264_MBTYPE_MAX; i++ )
         h->stat.i_mb_count[h->sh.i_type][i] += h->stat.frame.i_mb_count[i];
     for( i = 0; i < 2; i++ )
         h->stat.i_mb_count_8x8dct[i] += h->stat.frame.i_mb_count_8x8dct[i];
@@ -1511,50 +1694,73 @@ do_encode:
     {
         for( i = 0; i < 7; i++ )
             h->stat.i_mb_count_size[h->sh.i_type][i] += h->stat.frame.i_mb_count_size[i];
-        for( i = 0; i < 16; i++ )
+        for( i = 0; i < 32; i++ )
             h->stat.i_mb_count_ref[h->sh.i_type][i] += h->stat.frame.i_mb_count_ref[i];
     }
+    if( h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_B )
+    {
+        h->stat.i_direct_frames[ h->sh.b_direct_spatial_mv_pred ] ++;
+        if( h->mb.b_direct_auto_write )
+        {
+            //FIXME somewhat arbitrary time constants
+            if( h->stat.i_direct_score[0] + h->stat.i_direct_score[1] > h->mb.i_mb_count )
+            {
+                for( i = 0; i < 2; i++ )
+                    h->stat.i_direct_score[i] = h->stat.i_direct_score[i] * 9/10;
+            }
+            for( i = 0; i < 2; i++ )
+                h->stat.i_direct_score[i] += h->stat.frame.i_direct_score[i];
+        }
+    }
 
+    psz_message[0] = '\0';
     if( h->param.analyse.b_psnr )
     {
-        int64_t i_sqe_y, i_sqe_u, i_sqe_v;
-
-        /* PSNR */
-        i_sqe_y = x264_pixel_ssd_wxh( &h->pixf, frame_psnr->plane[0], frame_psnr->i_stride[0], h->fenc->plane[0], h->fenc->i_stride[0], h->param.i_width, h->param.i_height );
-        i_sqe_u = x264_pixel_ssd_wxh( &h->pixf, frame_psnr->plane[1], frame_psnr->i_stride[1], h->fenc->plane[1], h->fenc->i_stride[1], h->param.i_width/2, h->param.i_height/2);
-        i_sqe_v = x264_pixel_ssd_wxh( &h->pixf, frame_psnr->plane[2], frame_psnr->i_stride[2], h->fenc->plane[2], h->fenc->i_stride[2], h->param.i_width/2, h->param.i_height/2);
-        x264_cpu_restore( h->param.cpu );
+        int64_t sqe[3] = {
+            h->stat.frame.i_ssd[0],
+            h->stat.frame.i_ssd[1],
+            h->stat.frame.i_ssd[2],
+        };
 
-        h->stat.i_sqe_global[i_slice_type] += i_sqe_y + i_sqe_u + i_sqe_v;
-        h->stat.f_psnr_average[i_slice_type] += x264_psnr( i_sqe_y + i_sqe_u + i_sqe_v, 3 * h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 2 );
-        h->stat.f_psnr_mean_y[i_slice_type] += x264_psnr( i_sqe_y, h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height );
-        h->stat.f_psnr_mean_u[i_slice_type] += x264_psnr( i_sqe_u, h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 4 );
-        h->stat.f_psnr_mean_v[i_slice_type] += x264_psnr( i_sqe_v, h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 4 );
+        h->stat.i_sqe_global[h->sh.i_type] += sqe[0] + sqe[1] + sqe[2];
+        h->stat.f_psnr_average[h->sh.i_type] += x264_psnr( sqe[0] + sqe[1] + sqe[2], 3 * h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 2 );
+        h->stat.f_psnr_mean_y[h->sh.i_type] += x264_psnr( sqe[0], h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height );
+        h->stat.f_psnr_mean_u[h->sh.i_type] += x264_psnr( sqe[1], h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 4 );
+        h->stat.f_psnr_mean_v[h->sh.i_type] += x264_psnr( sqe[2], h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 4 );
 
-        snprintf( psz_message, 80, " PSNR Y:%2.2f U:%2.2f V:%2.2f",
-                  x264_psnr( i_sqe_y, h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height ),
-                  x264_psnr( i_sqe_u, h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 4),
-                  x264_psnr( i_sqe_v, h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 4) );
-        psz_message[79] = '\0';
+        snprintf( psz_message, 80, " PSNR Y:%5.2f U:%5.2f V:%5.2f",
+                  x264_psnr( sqe[0], h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height ),
+                  x264_psnr( sqe[1], h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 4),
+                  x264_psnr( sqe[2], h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 4) );
     }
-    else
+
+    if( h->param.analyse.b_ssim )
     {
-        psz_message[0] = '\0';
+        double ssim_y = h->stat.frame.f_ssim
+                      / (((h->param.i_width-6)>>2) * ((h->param.i_height-6)>>2));
+        h->stat.f_ssim_mean_y[h->sh.i_type] += ssim_y;
+        snprintf( psz_message + strlen(psz_message), 80 - strlen(psz_message),
+                  " SSIM Y:%.5f", ssim_y );
     }
+    psz_message[79] = '\0';
     
     x264_log( h, X264_LOG_DEBUG,
-                  "frame=%4d QP=%i NAL=%d Slice:%c Poc:%-3d I:%-4d P:%-4d SKIP:%-4d size=%d bytes%s\n",
-              h->i_frame - 1,
-              i_global_qp,
-              i_nal_ref_idc,
-              i_slice_type == SLICE_TYPE_I ? 'I' : (i_slice_type == SLICE_TYPE_P ? 'P' : 'B' ),
-              frame_psnr->i_poc,
+                  "frame=%4d QP=%.2f NAL=%d Slice:%c Poc:%-3d I:%-4d P:%-4d SKIP:%-4d size=%d bytes%s\n",
+              h->i_frame,
+              h->fdec->f_qp_avg_aq,
+              h->i_nal_ref_idc,
+              h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_I ? 'I' : (h->sh.i_type == SLICE_TYPE_P ? 'P' : 'B' ),
+              h->fdec->i_poc,
               h->stat.frame.i_mb_count_i,
               h->stat.frame.i_mb_count_p,
               h->stat.frame.i_mb_count_skip,
-              i_frame_size,
+              h->out.i_frame_size,
               psz_message );
 
+    // keep stats all in one place
+    x264_thread_sync_stat( h->thread[0], h );
+    // for the use of the next frame
+    x264_thread_sync_stat( thread_current, h );
 
 #ifdef DEBUG_MB_TYPE
 {
@@ -1563,7 +1769,7 @@ do_encode:
     int mb_xy;
     for( mb_xy = 0; mb_xy < h->sps->i_mb_width * h->sps->i_mb_height; mb_xy++ )
     {
-        if( h->mb.type[mb_xy] < 19 && h->mb.type[mb_xy] >= 0 )
+        if( h->mb.type[mb_xy] < X264_MBTYPE_MAX && h->mb.type[mb_xy] >= 0 )
             fprintf( stderr, "%c ", mb_chars[ h->mb.type[mb_xy] ] );
         else
             fprintf( stderr, "? " );
@@ -1574,11 +1780,8 @@ do_encode:
 }
 #endif
 
-#ifdef DEBUG_DUMP_FRAME
-    /* Dump reconstructed frame */
-    x264_frame_dump( h, frame_psnr, "fdec.yuv" );
-#endif
-    return 0;
+    if( h->param.psz_dump_yuv )
+        x264_frame_dump( h );
 }
 
 /****************************************************************************
@@ -1586,20 +1789,15 @@ do_encode:
  ****************************************************************************/
 void    x264_encoder_close  ( x264_t *h )
 {
-#ifdef DEBUG_BENCHMARK
-    int64_t i_mtime_total = i_mtime_analyse + i_mtime_encode + i_mtime_write + i_mtime_filter + 1;
-#endif
     int64_t i_yuv_size = 3 * h->param.i_width * h->param.i_height / 2;
     int i;
 
-#ifdef DEBUG_BENCHMARK
-    x264_log( h, X264_LOG_INFO,
-              "analyse=%d(%lldms) encode=%d(%lldms) write=%d(%lldms) filter=%d(%lldms)\n",
-              (int)(100*i_mtime_analyse/i_mtime_total), i_mtime_analyse/1000,
-              (int)(100*i_mtime_encode/i_mtime_total), i_mtime_encode/1000,
-              (int)(100*i_mtime_write/i_mtime_total), i_mtime_write/1000,
-              (int)(100*i_mtime_filter/i_mtime_total), i_mtime_filter/1000 );
-#endif
+    for( i=0; i<h->param.i_threads; i++ )
+    {
+        // don't strictly have to wait for the other threads, but it's simpler than canceling them
+        if( h->thread[i]->b_thread_active )
+            x264_pthread_join( h->thread[i]->thread_handle, NULL );
+    }
 
     /* Slices used and PSNR */
     for( i=0; i<5; i++ )
@@ -1617,7 +1815,7 @@ void    x264_encoder_close  ( x264_t *h )
                           "slice %s:%-5d Avg QP:%5.2f  size:%6.0f  PSNR Mean Y:%5.2f U:%5.2f V:%5.2f Avg:%5.2f Global:%5.2f\n",
                           slice_name[i_slice],
                           i_count,
-                          (double)h->stat.i_slice_qp[i_slice] / i_count,
+                          h->stat.f_slice_qp[i_slice] / i_count,
                           (double)h->stat.i_slice_size[i_slice] / i_count,
                           h->stat.f_psnr_mean_y[i_slice] / i_count, h->stat.f_psnr_mean_u[i_slice] / i_count, h->stat.f_psnr_mean_v[i_slice] / i_count,
                           h->stat.f_psnr_average[i_slice] / i_count,
@@ -1629,7 +1827,7 @@ void    x264_encoder_close  ( x264_t *h )
                           "slice %s:%-5d Avg QP:%5.2f  size:%6.0f\n",
                           slice_name[i_slice],
                           i_count,
-                          (double)h->stat.i_slice_qp[i_slice] / i_count,
+                          h->stat.f_slice_qp[i_slice] / i_count,
                           (double)h->stat.i_slice_size[i_slice] / i_count );
             }
         }
@@ -1680,6 +1878,8 @@ void    x264_encoder_close  ( x264_t *h )
                   i_mb_count[B_SKIP]   / i_count );
     }
 
+    x264_ratecontrol_summary( h );
+
     if( h->stat.i_slice_count[SLICE_TYPE_I] + h->stat.i_slice_count[SLICE_TYPE_P] + h->stat.i_slice_count[SLICE_TYPE_B] > 0 )
     {
         const int i_count = h->stat.i_slice_count[SLICE_TYPE_I] +
@@ -1690,7 +1890,7 @@ void    x264_encoder_close  ( x264_t *h )
 #define SUM3b(p,o) (p[SLICE_TYPE_I][o] + p[SLICE_TYPE_P][o] + p[SLICE_TYPE_B][o])
         float f_bitrate = fps * SUM3(h->stat.i_slice_size) / i_count / 125;
 
-        if( h->param.analyse.b_transform_8x8 )
+        if( h->pps->b_transform_8x8_mode )
         {
             int64_t i_i8x8 = SUM3b( h->stat.i_mb_count, I_8x8 );
             int64_t i_intra = i_i8x8 + SUM3b( h->stat.i_mb_count, I_4x4 )
@@ -1700,7 +1900,15 @@ void    x264_encoder_close  ( x264_t *h )
                       100. * h->stat.i_mb_count_8x8dct[1] / h->stat.i_mb_count_8x8dct[0] );
         }
 
-        if( h->param.i_frame_reference > 1 )
+        if( h->param.analyse.i_direct_mv_pred == X264_DIRECT_PRED_AUTO
+            && h->stat.i_slice_count[SLICE_TYPE_B] )
+        {
+            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_INFO, "direct mvs  spatial:%.1f%%  temporal:%.1f%%\n",
+                      h->stat.i_direct_frames[1] * 100. / h->stat.i_slice_count[SLICE_TYPE_B],
+                      h->stat.i_direct_frames[0] * 100. / h->stat.i_slice_count[SLICE_TYPE_B] );
+        }
+
+        if( h->frames.i_max_ref0 > 1 )
         {
             int i_slice;
             for( i_slice = 0; i_slice < 2; i_slice++ )
@@ -1709,7 +1917,7 @@ void    x264_encoder_close  ( x264_t *h )
                 char *p = buf;
                 int64_t i_den = 0;
                 int i_max = 0;
-                for( i = 0; i < h->param.i_frame_reference; i++ )
+                for( i = 0; i < h->frames.i_max_ref0 << h->param.b_interlaced; i++ )
                     if( h->stat.i_mb_count_ref[i_slice][i] )
                     {
                         i_den += h->stat.i_mb_count_ref[i_slice][i];
@@ -1723,7 +1931,14 @@ void    x264_encoder_close  ( x264_t *h )
             }
         }
 
+        if( h->param.analyse.b_ssim )
+        {
+            x264_log( h, X264_LOG_INFO,
+                      "SSIM Mean Y:%.7f\n",
+                      SUM3( h->stat.f_ssim_mean_y ) / i_count );
+        }
         if( h->param.analyse.b_psnr )
+        {
             x264_log( h, X264_LOG_INFO,
                       "PSNR Mean Y:%6.3f U:%6.3f V:%6.3f Avg:%6.3f Global:%6.3f kb/s:%.2f\n",
                       SUM3( h->stat.f_psnr_mean_y ) / i_count,
@@ -1732,22 +1947,20 @@ void    x264_encoder_close  ( x264_t *h )
                       SUM3( h->stat.f_psnr_average ) / i_count,
                       x264_psnr( SUM3( h->stat.i_sqe_global ), i_count * i_yuv_size ),
                       f_bitrate );
+        }
         else
             x264_log( h, X264_LOG_INFO, "kb/s:%.1f\n", f_bitrate );
     }
 
     /* frames */
-    for( i = 0; i < X264_BFRAME_MAX + 3; i++ )
-    {
-        if( h->frames.current[i] ) x264_frame_delete( h->frames.current[i] );
-        if( h->frames.next[i] )    x264_frame_delete( h->frames.next[i] );
-        if( h->frames.unused[i] )  x264_frame_delete( h->frames.unused[i] );
-    }
-    /* ref frames */
-    for( i = 0; i < h->frames.i_max_dpb; i++ )
-    {
+    for( i = 0; h->frames.current[i]; i++ )
+        x264_frame_delete( h->frames.current[i] );
+    for( i = 0; h->frames.next[i]; i++ )
+        x264_frame_delete( h->frames.next[i] );
+    for( i = 0; h->frames.unused[i]; i++ )
+        x264_frame_delete( h->frames.unused[i] );
+    for( i = 0; h->frames.reference[i]; i++ )
         x264_frame_delete( h->frames.reference[i] );
-    }
 
     /* rc */
     x264_ratecontrol_delete( h );
@@ -1760,10 +1973,11 @@ void    x264_encoder_close  ( x264_t *h )
     if( h->param.rc.psz_rc_eq )
         free( h->param.rc.psz_rc_eq );
 
-    x264_macroblock_cache_end( h );
-    x264_free( h->out.p_bitstream );
-    for( i = 1; i < h->param.i_threads; i++ )
+    x264_cqm_delete( h );
+    for( i = h->param.i_threads - 1; i >= 0; i-- )
+    {
+        x264_macroblock_cache_end( h->thread[i] );
+        x264_free( h->thread[i]->out.p_bitstream );
         x264_free( h->thread[i] );
-    x264_free( h );
+    }
 }
-