]> git.sesse.net Git - bcachefs-tools-debian/blobdiff - libbcachefs/alloc_background.c
Update bcachefs sources to ab3b6e7dd6 bcachefs: Fix pr_buf() calls
[bcachefs-tools-debian] / libbcachefs / alloc_background.c
index da6347390c4841e8297fbb1a2b5847c8c85d4101..e8a34eccac256f3a0d100569b1c855d7edb7b898 100644 (file)
@@ -9,10 +9,12 @@
 #include "btree_update_interior.h"
 #include "btree_gc.h"
 #include "buckets.h"
+#include "buckets_waiting_for_journal.h"
 #include "clock.h"
 #include "debug.h"
 #include "ec.h"
 #include "error.h"
+#include "lru.h"
 #include "recovery.h"
 #include "varint.h"
 
 #include <linux/sort.h>
 #include <trace/events/bcachefs.h>
 
-const char * const bch2_allocator_states[] = {
-#define x(n)   #n,
-       ALLOC_THREAD_STATES()
-#undef x
-       NULL
-};
+/* Persistent alloc info: */
 
 static const unsigned BCH_ALLOC_V1_FIELD_BYTES[] = {
 #define x(name, bits) [BCH_ALLOC_FIELD_V1_##name] = bits / 8,
@@ -38,7 +35,28 @@ static const unsigned BCH_ALLOC_V1_FIELD_BYTES[] = {
 #undef x
 };
 
-/* Persistent alloc info: */
+const char * const bch2_bucket_states[] = {
+       "free",
+       "need gc gens",
+       "need discard",
+       "cached",
+       "dirty",
+       NULL
+};
+
+struct bkey_alloc_unpacked {
+       u64             journal_seq;
+       u64             bucket;
+       u8              dev;
+       u8              gen;
+       u8              oldest_gen;
+       u8              data_type;
+       bool            need_discard:1;
+       bool            need_inc_gen:1;
+#define x(_name, _bits)        u##_bits _name;
+       BCH_ALLOC_FIELDS_V2()
+#undef  x
+};
 
 static inline u64 alloc_field_v1_get(const struct bch_alloc *a,
                                     const void **p, unsigned field)
@@ -130,7 +148,7 @@ static int bch2_alloc_unpack_v2(struct bkey_alloc_unpacked *out,
 
 #define x(_name, _bits)                                                        \
        if (fieldnr < a.v->nr_fields) {                                 \
-               ret = bch2_varint_decode(in, end, &v);                  \
+               ret = bch2_varint_decode_fast(in, end, &v);             \
                if (ret < 0)                                            \
                        return ret;                                     \
                in += ret;                                              \
@@ -147,46 +165,43 @@ static int bch2_alloc_unpack_v2(struct bkey_alloc_unpacked *out,
        return 0;
 }
 
-static void bch2_alloc_pack_v2(struct bkey_alloc_buf *dst,
-                              const struct bkey_alloc_unpacked src)
+static int bch2_alloc_unpack_v3(struct bkey_alloc_unpacked *out,
+                               struct bkey_s_c k)
 {
-       struct bkey_i_alloc_v2 *a = bkey_alloc_v2_init(&dst->k);
-       unsigned nr_fields = 0, last_nonzero_fieldnr = 0;
-       u8 *out = a->v.data;
-       u8 *end = (void *) &dst[1];
-       u8 *last_nonzero_field = out;
-       unsigned bytes;
-
-       a->k.p          = POS(src.dev, src.bucket);
-       a->v.gen        = src.gen;
-       a->v.oldest_gen = src.oldest_gen;
-       a->v.data_type  = src.data_type;
+       struct bkey_s_c_alloc_v3 a = bkey_s_c_to_alloc_v3(k);
+       const u8 *in = a.v->data;
+       const u8 *end = bkey_val_end(a);
+       unsigned fieldnr = 0;
+       int ret;
+       u64 v;
+
+       out->gen        = a.v->gen;
+       out->oldest_gen = a.v->oldest_gen;
+       out->data_type  = a.v->data_type;
+       out->need_discard = BCH_ALLOC_V3_NEED_DISCARD(a.v);
+       out->need_inc_gen = BCH_ALLOC_V3_NEED_INC_GEN(a.v);
+       out->journal_seq = le64_to_cpu(a.v->journal_seq);
 
 #define x(_name, _bits)                                                        \
-       nr_fields++;                                                    \
-                                                                       \
-       if (src._name) {                                                \
-               out += bch2_varint_encode(out, src._name);              \
-                                                                       \
-               last_nonzero_field = out;                               \
-               last_nonzero_fieldnr = nr_fields;                       \
+       if (fieldnr < a.v->nr_fields) {                                 \
+               ret = bch2_varint_decode_fast(in, end, &v);             \
+               if (ret < 0)                                            \
+                       return ret;                                     \
+               in += ret;                                              \
        } else {                                                        \
-               *out++ = 0;                                             \
-       }
+               v = 0;                                                  \
+       }                                                               \
+       out->_name = v;                                                 \
+       if (v != out->_name)                                            \
+               return -1;                                              \
+       fieldnr++;
 
        BCH_ALLOC_FIELDS_V2()
 #undef  x
-       BUG_ON(out > end);
-
-       out = last_nonzero_field;
-       a->v.nr_fields = last_nonzero_fieldnr;
-
-       bytes = (u8 *) out - (u8 *) &a->v;
-       set_bkey_val_bytes(&a->k, bytes);
-       memset_u64s_tail(&a->v, 0, bytes);
+       return 0;
 }
 
-struct bkey_alloc_unpacked bch2_alloc_unpack(struct bkey_s_c k)
+static struct bkey_alloc_unpacked bch2_alloc_unpack(struct bkey_s_c k)
 {
        struct bkey_alloc_unpacked ret = {
                .dev    = k.k->p.inode,
@@ -194,19 +209,86 @@ struct bkey_alloc_unpacked bch2_alloc_unpack(struct bkey_s_c k)
                .gen    = 0,
        };
 
-       if (k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_alloc_v2)
-               bch2_alloc_unpack_v2(&ret, k);
-       else if (k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_alloc)
+       switch (k.k->type) {
+       case KEY_TYPE_alloc:
                bch2_alloc_unpack_v1(&ret, k);
+               break;
+       case KEY_TYPE_alloc_v2:
+               bch2_alloc_unpack_v2(&ret, k);
+               break;
+       case KEY_TYPE_alloc_v3:
+               bch2_alloc_unpack_v3(&ret, k);
+               break;
+       }
 
        return ret;
 }
 
-void bch2_alloc_pack(struct bch_fs *c,
-                    struct bkey_alloc_buf *dst,
-                    const struct bkey_alloc_unpacked src)
+void bch2_alloc_to_v4(struct bkey_s_c k, struct bch_alloc_v4 *out)
 {
-       bch2_alloc_pack_v2(dst, src);
+       if (k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_alloc_v4) {
+               *out = *bkey_s_c_to_alloc_v4(k).v;
+       } else {
+               struct bkey_alloc_unpacked u = bch2_alloc_unpack(k);
+
+               *out = (struct bch_alloc_v4) {
+                       .journal_seq            = u.journal_seq,
+                       .flags                  = u.need_discard,
+                       .gen                    = u.gen,
+                       .oldest_gen             = u.oldest_gen,
+                       .data_type              = u.data_type,
+                       .stripe_redundancy      = u.stripe_redundancy,
+                       .dirty_sectors          = u.dirty_sectors,
+                       .cached_sectors         = u.cached_sectors,
+                       .io_time[READ]          = u.read_time,
+                       .io_time[WRITE]         = u.write_time,
+                       .stripe                 = u.stripe,
+               };
+       }
+}
+
+struct bkey_i_alloc_v4 *bch2_alloc_to_v4_mut(struct btree_trans *trans, struct bkey_s_c k)
+{
+       struct bkey_i_alloc_v4 *ret;
+
+       if (k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_alloc_v4) {
+               ret = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, bkey_bytes(k.k));
+               if (!IS_ERR(ret))
+                       bkey_reassemble(&ret->k_i, k);
+       } else {
+               ret = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, sizeof(*ret));
+               if (!IS_ERR(ret)) {
+                       bkey_alloc_v4_init(&ret->k_i);
+                       ret->k.p = k.k->p;
+                       bch2_alloc_to_v4(k, &ret->v);
+               }
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+
+struct bkey_i_alloc_v4 *
+bch2_trans_start_alloc_update(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
+                             struct bpos pos)
+{
+       struct bkey_s_c k;
+       struct bkey_i_alloc_v4 *a;
+       int ret;
+
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_alloc, pos,
+                            BTREE_ITER_WITH_UPDATES|
+                            BTREE_ITER_CACHED|
+                            BTREE_ITER_INTENT);
+       k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(iter);
+       ret = bkey_err(k);
+       if (ret) {
+               bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, iter);
+               return ERR_PTR(ret);
+       }
+
+       a = bch2_alloc_to_v4_mut(trans, k);
+       if (IS_ERR(a))
+               bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, iter);
+       return a;
 }
 
 static unsigned bch_alloc_v1_val_u64s(const struct bch_alloc *a)
@@ -249,751 +331,838 @@ const char *bch2_alloc_v2_invalid(const struct bch_fs *c, struct bkey_s_c k)
        return NULL;
 }
 
-void bch2_alloc_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
-                          struct bkey_s_c k)
+const char *bch2_alloc_v3_invalid(const struct bch_fs *c, struct bkey_s_c k)
 {
-       struct bkey_alloc_unpacked u = bch2_alloc_unpack(k);
+       struct bkey_alloc_unpacked u;
+       struct bch_dev *ca;
 
-       pr_buf(out, "gen %u oldest_gen %u data_type %s",
-              u.gen, u.oldest_gen, bch2_data_types[u.data_type]);
-#define x(_name, ...)  pr_buf(out, " " #_name " %llu", (u64) u._name);
-       BCH_ALLOC_FIELDS_V2()
-#undef  x
+       if (k.k->p.inode >= c->sb.nr_devices ||
+           !c->devs[k.k->p.inode])
+               return "invalid device";
+
+       ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, k.k->p.inode);
+
+       if (k.k->p.offset < ca->mi.first_bucket ||
+           k.k->p.offset >= ca->mi.nbuckets)
+               return "invalid bucket";
+
+       if (bch2_alloc_unpack_v3(&u, k))
+               return "unpack error";
+
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-static int bch2_alloc_read_fn(struct bch_fs *c, struct bkey_s_c k)
+const char *bch2_alloc_v4_invalid(const struct bch_fs *c, struct bkey_s_c k)
 {
        struct bch_dev *ca;
-       struct bucket *g;
-       struct bkey_alloc_unpacked u;
 
-       if (k.k->type != KEY_TYPE_alloc &&
-           k.k->type != KEY_TYPE_alloc_v2)
-               return 0;
+       if (k.k->p.inode >= c->sb.nr_devices ||
+           !c->devs[k.k->p.inode])
+               return "invalid device";
 
        ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, k.k->p.inode);
-       g = bucket(ca, k.k->p.offset);
-       u = bch2_alloc_unpack(k);
-
-       g->_mark.gen            = u.gen;
-       g->_mark.data_type      = u.data_type;
-       g->_mark.dirty_sectors  = u.dirty_sectors;
-       g->_mark.cached_sectors = u.cached_sectors;
-       g->io_time[READ]        = u.read_time;
-       g->io_time[WRITE]       = u.write_time;
-       g->oldest_gen           = u.oldest_gen;
-       g->gen_valid            = 1;
 
-       return 0;
+       if (k.k->p.offset < ca->mi.first_bucket ||
+           k.k->p.offset >= ca->mi.nbuckets)
+               return "invalid bucket";
+
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-int bch2_alloc_read(struct bch_fs *c)
+void bch2_alloc_v4_swab(struct bkey_s k)
 {
-       int ret;
-
-       down_read(&c->gc_lock);
-       ret = bch2_btree_and_journal_walk(c, BTREE_ID_alloc, bch2_alloc_read_fn);
-       up_read(&c->gc_lock);
-       if (ret) {
-               bch_err(c, "error reading alloc info: %i", ret);
-               return ret;
-       }
+       struct bch_alloc_v4 *a = bkey_s_to_alloc_v4(k).v;
+
+       a->journal_seq          = swab64(a->journal_seq);
+       a->flags                = swab32(a->flags);
+       a->dirty_sectors        = swab32(a->dirty_sectors);
+       a->cached_sectors       = swab32(a->cached_sectors);
+       a->io_time[0]           = swab64(a->io_time[0]);
+       a->io_time[1]           = swab64(a->io_time[1]);
+       a->stripe               = swab32(a->stripe);
+       a->nr_external_backpointers = swab32(a->nr_external_backpointers);
+}
 
-       return 0;
+void bch2_alloc_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c, struct bkey_s_c k)
+{
+       struct bch_alloc_v4 a;
+
+       bch2_alloc_to_v4(k, &a);
+
+       pr_buf(out, "gen %u oldest_gen %u data_type %s journal_seq %llu need_discard %llu",
+              a.gen, a.oldest_gen, bch2_data_types[a.data_type],
+              a.journal_seq, BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_DISCARD(&a));
+       pr_buf(out, " dirty_sectors %u",        a.dirty_sectors);
+       pr_buf(out, " cached_sectors %u",       a.cached_sectors);
+       pr_buf(out, " stripe %u",               a.stripe);
+       pr_buf(out, " stripe_redundancy %u",    a.stripe_redundancy);
+       pr_buf(out, " read_time %llu",          a.io_time[READ]);
+       pr_buf(out, " write_time %llu",         a.io_time[WRITE]);
 }
 
-static int bch2_alloc_write_key(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                               struct btree_iter *iter,
-                               unsigned flags)
+int bch2_alloc_read(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
-       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+       struct btree_trans trans;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
        struct bkey_s_c k;
+       struct bch_alloc_v4 a;
        struct bch_dev *ca;
-       struct bucket *g;
-       struct bucket_mark m;
-       struct bkey_alloc_unpacked old_u, new_u;
-       struct bkey_alloc_buf a;
        int ret;
-retry:
-       bch2_trans_begin(trans);
 
-       ret = bch2_btree_key_cache_flush(trans,
-                       BTREE_ID_alloc, iter->pos);
-       if (ret)
-               goto err;
+       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
 
-       k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(iter);
-       ret = bkey_err(k);
-       if (ret)
-               goto err;
+       for_each_btree_key(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_alloc, POS_MIN,
+                          BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH, k, ret) {
+               ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, k.k->p.inode);
+               bch2_alloc_to_v4(k, &a);
 
-       old_u = bch2_alloc_unpack(k);
+               *bucket_gen(ca, k.k->p.offset) = a.gen;
+       }
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
 
-       percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
-       ca      = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, iter->pos.inode);
-       g       = bucket(ca, iter->pos.offset);
-       m       = READ_ONCE(g->mark);
-       new_u   = alloc_mem_to_key(iter, g, m);
-       percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
 
-       if (!bkey_alloc_unpacked_cmp(old_u, new_u))
-               return 0;
+       if (ret)
+               bch_err(c, "error reading alloc info: %i", ret);
 
-       bch2_alloc_pack(c, &a, new_u);
-       bch2_trans_update(trans, iter, &a.k,
-                         BTREE_TRIGGER_NORUN);
-       ret = bch2_trans_commit(trans, NULL, NULL,
-                               BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL|flags);
-err:
-       if (ret == -EINTR)
-               goto retry;
        return ret;
 }
 
-int bch2_alloc_write(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned flags)
+/* Free space/discard btree: */
+
+static int bch2_bucket_do_index(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                               struct bkey_s_c alloc_k,
+                               struct bch_alloc_v4 a,
+                               bool set)
 {
-       struct btree_trans trans;
-       struct btree_iter *iter;
-       struct bch_dev *ca;
-       unsigned i;
-       int ret = 0;
+       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+       struct bch_dev *ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, alloc_k.k->p.inode);
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_s_c old;
+       struct bkey_i *k;
+       enum bucket_state state = bucket_state(a);
+       enum btree_id btree;
+       enum bch_bkey_type old_type = !set ? KEY_TYPE_set : KEY_TYPE_deleted;
+       enum bch_bkey_type new_type =  set ? KEY_TYPE_set : KEY_TYPE_deleted;
+       struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
+       int ret;
 
-       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, BTREE_ITER_MAX, 0);
-       iter = bch2_trans_get_iter(&trans, BTREE_ID_alloc, POS_MIN,
-                                  BTREE_ITER_SLOTS|BTREE_ITER_INTENT);
+       if (state != BUCKET_free &&
+           state != BUCKET_need_discard)
+               return 0;
 
-       for_each_member_device(ca, c, i) {
-               bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(iter,
-                       POS(ca->dev_idx, ca->mi.first_bucket));
+       k = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, sizeof(*k));
+       if (IS_ERR(k))
+               return PTR_ERR(k);
 
-               while (iter->pos.offset < ca->mi.nbuckets) {
-                       bch2_trans_cond_resched(&trans);
+       bkey_init(&k->k);
+       k->k.type = new_type;
 
-                       ret = bch2_alloc_write_key(&trans, iter, flags);
-                       if (ret) {
-                               percpu_ref_put(&ca->ref);
-                               goto err;
-                       }
-                       bch2_btree_iter_next_slot(iter);
-               }
+       switch (state) {
+       case BUCKET_free:
+               btree = BTREE_ID_freespace;
+               k->k.p = alloc_freespace_pos(alloc_k.k->p, a);
+               bch2_key_resize(&k->k, 1);
+               break;
+       case BUCKET_need_discard:
+               btree = BTREE_ID_need_discard;
+               k->k.p = alloc_k.k->p;
+               break;
+       default:
+               return 0;
        }
+
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &iter, btree,
+                            bkey_start_pos(&k->k),
+                            BTREE_ITER_INTENT);
+       old = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&iter);
+       ret = bkey_err(old);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+
+       if (ca->mi.freespace_initialized &&
+           bch2_fs_inconsistent_on(old.k->type != old_type, c,
+                       "incorrect key when %s %s btree (got %s should be %s)\n"
+                       "  for %s",
+                       set ? "setting" : "clearing",
+                       bch2_btree_ids[btree],
+                       bch2_bkey_types[old.k->type],
+                       bch2_bkey_types[old_type],
+                       (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, alloc_k), buf.buf))) {
+               ret = -EIO;
+               goto err;
+       }
+
+       ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, k, 0);
 err:
-       bch2_trans_iter_put(&trans, iter);
-       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
+       printbuf_exit(&buf);
        return ret;
 }
 
-/* Bucket IO clocks: */
-
-int bch2_bucket_io_time_reset(struct btree_trans *trans, unsigned dev,
-                             size_t bucket_nr, int rw)
+int bch2_trans_mark_alloc(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                         struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_i *new,
+                         unsigned flags)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct bch_dev *ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, dev);
-       struct btree_iter *iter;
-       struct bucket *g;
-       struct bkey_alloc_buf *a;
-       struct bkey_alloc_unpacked u;
-       u64 *time, now;
+       struct bch_alloc_v4 old_a, *new_a;
+       u64 old_lru, new_lru;
        int ret = 0;
 
-       iter = bch2_trans_get_iter(trans, BTREE_ID_alloc, POS(dev, bucket_nr),
-                                  BTREE_ITER_CACHED|
-                                  BTREE_ITER_CACHED_NOFILL|
-                                  BTREE_ITER_INTENT);
-       ret = bch2_btree_iter_traverse(iter);
-       if (ret)
-               goto out;
+       /*
+        * Deletion only happens in the device removal path, with
+        * BTREE_TRIGGER_NORUN:
+        */
+       BUG_ON(new->k.type != KEY_TYPE_alloc_v4);
 
-       a = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, sizeof(struct bkey_alloc_buf));
-       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(a);
-       if (ret)
-               goto out;
+       bch2_alloc_to_v4(old, &old_a);
+       new_a = &bkey_i_to_alloc_v4(new)->v;
 
-       percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
-       g = bucket(ca, bucket_nr);
-       u = alloc_mem_to_key(iter, g, READ_ONCE(g->mark));
-       percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
+       if (new_a->dirty_sectors > old_a.dirty_sectors ||
+           new_a->cached_sectors > old_a.cached_sectors) {
+               new_a->io_time[READ] = max_t(u64, 1, atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[READ].now));
+               new_a->io_time[WRITE]= max_t(u64, 1, atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[WRITE].now));
+               SET_BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_INC_GEN(new_a, true);
+               SET_BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_DISCARD(new_a, true);
+       }
 
-       time = rw == READ ? &u.read_time : &u.write_time;
-       now = atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[rw].now);
-       if (*time == now)
-               goto out;
+       if (old_a.data_type && !new_a->data_type &&
+           old_a.gen == new_a->gen &&
+           !bch2_bucket_is_open_safe(c, new->k.p.inode, new->k.p.offset)) {
+               new_a->gen++;
+               SET_BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_INC_GEN(new_a, false);
+       }
 
-       *time = now;
+       if (bucket_state(old_a) != bucket_state(*new_a) ||
+           (bucket_state(*new_a) == BUCKET_free &&
+            alloc_freespace_genbits(old_a) != alloc_freespace_genbits(*new_a))) {
+               ret =   bch2_bucket_do_index(trans, old, old_a, false) ?:
+                       bch2_bucket_do_index(trans, bkey_i_to_s_c(new), *new_a, true);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
 
-       bch2_alloc_pack(c, a, u);
-       ret   = bch2_trans_update(trans, iter, &a->k, 0) ?:
-               bch2_trans_commit(trans, NULL, NULL, 0);
-out:
-       bch2_trans_iter_put(trans, iter);
-       return ret;
-}
+       old_lru = alloc_lru_idx(old_a);
+       new_lru = alloc_lru_idx(*new_a);
 
-/* Background allocator thread: */
+       if (old_lru != new_lru) {
+               ret = bch2_lru_change(trans, new->k.p.inode, new->k.p.offset,
+                                     old_lru, &new_lru);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
 
-/*
- * Scans for buckets to be invalidated, invalidates them, rewrites prios/gens
- * (marking them as invalidated on disk), then optionally issues discard
- * commands to the newly free buckets, then puts them on the various freelists.
- */
+               if (new_lru && new_a->io_time[READ] != new_lru)
+                       new_a->io_time[READ] = new_lru;
+       }
 
-static bool bch2_can_invalidate_bucket(struct bch_dev *ca, size_t b,
-                                      struct bucket_mark m)
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int bch2_check_alloc_key(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                               struct btree_iter *alloc_iter)
 {
-       u8 gc_gen;
+       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+       struct btree_iter discard_iter, freespace_iter, lru_iter;
+       struct bch_alloc_v4 a;
+       unsigned discard_key_type, freespace_key_type;
+       struct bkey_s_c alloc_k, k;
+       struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
+       struct printbuf buf2 = PRINTBUF;
+       int ret;
 
-       if (!is_available_bucket(m))
-               return false;
+       alloc_k = bch2_btree_iter_peek(alloc_iter);
+       if (!alloc_k.k)
+               return 0;
 
-       if (m.owned_by_allocator)
-               return false;
+       ret = bkey_err(alloc_k);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
-       if (ca->buckets_nouse &&
-           test_bit(b, ca->buckets_nouse))
-               return false;
+       bch2_alloc_to_v4(alloc_k, &a);
+       discard_key_type = bucket_state(a) == BUCKET_need_discard
+               ? KEY_TYPE_set : 0;
+       freespace_key_type = bucket_state(a) == BUCKET_free
+               ? KEY_TYPE_set : 0;
 
-       gc_gen = bucket_gc_gen(bucket(ca, b));
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &discard_iter, BTREE_ID_need_discard,
+                            alloc_k.k->p, 0);
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &freespace_iter, BTREE_ID_freespace,
+                            alloc_freespace_pos(alloc_k.k->p, a), 0);
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &lru_iter, BTREE_ID_lru,
+                            POS(alloc_k.k->p.inode, a.io_time[READ]), 0);
 
-       ca->inc_gen_needs_gc            += gc_gen >= BUCKET_GC_GEN_MAX / 2;
-       ca->inc_gen_really_needs_gc     += gc_gen >= BUCKET_GC_GEN_MAX;
+       k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&discard_iter);
+       ret = bkey_err(k);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
 
-       return gc_gen < BUCKET_GC_GEN_MAX;
-}
+       if (fsck_err_on(k.k->type != discard_key_type, c,
+                       "incorrect key in need_discard btree (got %s should be %s)\n"
+                       "  %s",
+                       bch2_bkey_types[k.k->type],
+                       bch2_bkey_types[discard_key_type],
+                       (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, alloc_k), buf.buf))) {
+               struct bkey_i *update =
+                       bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, sizeof(*update));
 
-/*
- * Determines what order we're going to reuse buckets, smallest bucket_key()
- * first.
- */
+               ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(update);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto err;
 
-static unsigned bucket_sort_key(struct bucket *g, struct bucket_mark m,
-                               u64 now, u64 last_seq_ondisk)
-{
-       unsigned used = bucket_sectors_used(m);
+               bkey_init(&update->k);
+               update->k.type  = discard_key_type;
+               update->k.p     = discard_iter.pos;
 
-       if (used) {
-               /*
-                * Prefer to keep buckets that have been read more recently, and
-                * buckets that have more data in them:
-                */
-               u64 last_read = max_t(s64, 0, now - g->io_time[READ]);
-               u32 last_read_scaled = max_t(u64, U32_MAX, div_u64(last_read, used));
+               ret =   bch2_trans_update(trans, &discard_iter, update, 0) ?:
+                       bch2_trans_commit(trans, NULL, NULL, 0);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto err;
+       }
 
-               return -last_read_scaled;
-       } else {
-               /*
-                * Prefer to use buckets with smaller gc_gen so that we don't
-                * have to walk the btree and recalculate oldest_gen - but shift
-                * off the low bits so that buckets will still have equal sort
-                * keys when there's only a small difference, so that we can
-                * keep sequential buckets together:
-                */
-               return  (bucket_needs_journal_commit(m, last_seq_ondisk) << 4)|
-                       (bucket_gc_gen(g) >> 4);
+       k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&freespace_iter);
+       ret = bkey_err(k);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+
+       if (fsck_err_on(k.k->type != freespace_key_type, c,
+                       "incorrect key in freespace btree (got %s should be %s)\n"
+                       "  %s",
+                       bch2_bkey_types[k.k->type],
+                       bch2_bkey_types[freespace_key_type],
+                       (printbuf_reset(&buf),
+                        bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, alloc_k), buf.buf))) {
+               struct bkey_i *update =
+                       bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, sizeof(*update));
+
+               ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(update);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto err;
+
+               bkey_init(&update->k);
+               update->k.type  = freespace_key_type;
+               update->k.p     = freespace_iter.pos;
+               bch2_key_resize(&update->k, 1);
+
+               ret   = bch2_trans_update(trans, &freespace_iter, update, 0) ?:
+                       bch2_trans_commit(trans, NULL, NULL, 0);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto err;
        }
-}
 
-static inline int bucket_alloc_cmp(alloc_heap *h,
-                                  struct alloc_heap_entry l,
-                                  struct alloc_heap_entry r)
-{
-       return  cmp_int(l.key, r.key) ?:
-               cmp_int(r.nr, l.nr) ?:
-               cmp_int(l.bucket, r.bucket);
+       if (bucket_state(a) == BUCKET_cached) {
+               k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&lru_iter);
+               ret = bkey_err(k);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto err;
+
+               if (fsck_err_on(!a.io_time[READ], c,
+                               "cached bucket with read_time 0\n"
+                               "  %s",
+                       (printbuf_reset(&buf),
+                        bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, alloc_k), buf.buf)) ||
+                   fsck_err_on(k.k->type != KEY_TYPE_lru ||
+                               le64_to_cpu(bkey_s_c_to_lru(k).v->idx) != alloc_k.k->p.offset, c,
+                               "incorrect/missing lru entry\n"
+                               "  %s\n"
+                               "  %s",
+                               (printbuf_reset(&buf),
+                                bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, alloc_k), buf.buf),
+                               (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf2, c, k), buf2.buf))) {
+                       u64 read_time = a.io_time[READ];
+
+                       if (!a.io_time[READ])
+                               a.io_time[READ] = atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[READ].now);
+
+                       ret   = bch2_lru_change(trans,
+                                               alloc_k.k->p.inode,
+                                               alloc_k.k->p.offset,
+                                               0, &a.io_time[READ]);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto err;
+
+                       if (a.io_time[READ] != read_time) {
+                               struct bkey_i_alloc_v4 *a_mut =
+                                       bch2_alloc_to_v4_mut(trans, alloc_k);
+                               ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(a_mut);
+                               if (ret)
+                                       goto err;
+
+                               a_mut->v.io_time[READ] = a.io_time[READ];
+                               ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, alloc_iter,
+                                                       &a_mut->k_i, BTREE_TRIGGER_NORUN);
+                               if (ret)
+                                       goto err;
+                       }
+
+                       ret = bch2_trans_commit(trans, NULL, NULL, 0);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto err;
+               }
+       }
+err:
+fsck_err:
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &lru_iter);
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &freespace_iter);
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &discard_iter);
+       printbuf_exit(&buf2);
+       printbuf_exit(&buf);
+       return ret;
 }
 
-static inline int bucket_idx_cmp(const void *_l, const void *_r)
+static inline bool bch2_dev_bucket_exists(struct bch_fs *c, struct bpos pos)
 {
-       const struct alloc_heap_entry *l = _l, *r = _r;
+       struct bch_dev *ca;
 
-       return cmp_int(l->bucket, r->bucket);
+       if (pos.inode >= c->sb.nr_devices || !c->devs[pos.inode])
+               return false;
+
+       ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, pos.inode);
+       return pos.offset >= ca->mi.first_bucket &&
+               pos.offset < ca->mi.nbuckets;
 }
 
-static void find_reclaimable_buckets_lru(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
+static int bch2_check_freespace_key(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                                   struct btree_iter *freespace_iter,
+                                   bool initial)
 {
-       struct bucket_array *buckets;
-       struct alloc_heap_entry e = { 0 };
-       u64 now, last_seq_ondisk;
-       size_t b, i, nr = 0;
+       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+       struct btree_iter alloc_iter;
+       struct bkey_s_c k, freespace_k;
+       struct bch_alloc_v4 a;
+       u64 genbits;
+       struct bpos pos;
+       struct bkey_i *update;
+       struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
+       int ret;
 
-       down_read(&ca->bucket_lock);
+       freespace_k = bch2_btree_iter_peek(freespace_iter);
+       if (!freespace_k.k)
+               return 1;
 
-       buckets = bucket_array(ca);
-       ca->alloc_heap.used = 0;
-       now = atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[READ].now);
-       last_seq_ondisk = c->journal.last_seq_ondisk;
+       ret = bkey_err(freespace_k);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
-       /*
-        * Find buckets with lowest read priority, by building a maxheap sorted
-        * by read priority and repeatedly replacing the maximum element until
-        * all buckets have been visited.
-        */
-       for (b = ca->mi.first_bucket; b < ca->mi.nbuckets; b++) {
-               struct bucket *g = &buckets->b[b];
-               struct bucket_mark m = READ_ONCE(g->mark);
-               unsigned key = bucket_sort_key(g, m, now, last_seq_ondisk);
+       pos = freespace_iter->pos;
+       pos.offset &= ~(~0ULL << 56);
+       genbits = freespace_iter->pos.offset & (~0ULL << 56);
 
-               cond_resched();
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &alloc_iter, BTREE_ID_alloc, pos, 0);
 
-               if (!bch2_can_invalidate_bucket(ca, b, m))
-                       continue;
+       if (fsck_err_on(!bch2_dev_bucket_exists(c, pos), c,
+                       "%llu:%llu set in freespace btree but device or bucket does not exist",
+                       pos.inode, pos.offset))
+               goto delete;
 
-               if (e.nr && e.bucket + e.nr == b && e.key == key) {
-                       e.nr++;
-               } else {
-                       if (e.nr)
-                               heap_add_or_replace(&ca->alloc_heap, e,
-                                       -bucket_alloc_cmp, NULL);
-
-                       e = (struct alloc_heap_entry) {
-                               .bucket = b,
-                               .nr     = 1,
-                               .key    = key,
-                       };
-               }
-       }
+       k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&alloc_iter);
+       ret = bkey_err(k);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
 
-       if (e.nr)
-               heap_add_or_replace(&ca->alloc_heap, e,
-                               -bucket_alloc_cmp, NULL);
+       bch2_alloc_to_v4(k, &a);
 
-       for (i = 0; i < ca->alloc_heap.used; i++)
-               nr += ca->alloc_heap.data[i].nr;
+       if (fsck_err_on(bucket_state(a) != BUCKET_free ||
+                       genbits != alloc_freespace_genbits(a), c,
+                       "%s\n  incorrectly set in freespace index (free %u, genbits %llu should be %llu)",
+                       (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k), buf.buf),
+                       bucket_state(a) == BUCKET_free,
+                       genbits >> 56, alloc_freespace_genbits(a) >> 56))
+               goto delete;
+out:
+err:
+fsck_err:
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &alloc_iter);
+       printbuf_exit(&buf);
+       return ret;
+delete:
+       update = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, sizeof(*update));
+       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(update);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
 
-       while (nr - ca->alloc_heap.data[0].nr >= ALLOC_SCAN_BATCH(ca)) {
-               nr -= ca->alloc_heap.data[0].nr;
-               heap_pop(&ca->alloc_heap, e, -bucket_alloc_cmp, NULL);
-       }
+       bkey_init(&update->k);
+       update->k.p = freespace_iter->pos;
+       bch2_key_resize(&update->k, 1);
 
-       up_read(&ca->bucket_lock);
+       ret   = bch2_trans_update(trans, freespace_iter, update, 0) ?:
+               bch2_trans_commit(trans, NULL, NULL, 0);
+       goto out;
 }
 
-static void find_reclaimable_buckets_fifo(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
+int bch2_check_alloc_info(struct bch_fs *c, bool initial)
 {
-       struct bucket_array *buckets = bucket_array(ca);
-       struct bucket_mark m;
-       size_t b, start;
+       struct btree_trans trans;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_s_c k;
+       int ret = 0, last_dev = -1;
 
-       if (ca->fifo_last_bucket <  ca->mi.first_bucket ||
-           ca->fifo_last_bucket >= ca->mi.nbuckets)
-               ca->fifo_last_bucket = ca->mi.first_bucket;
+       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
 
-       start = ca->fifo_last_bucket;
+       for_each_btree_key(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_alloc, POS_MIN,
+                          BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH, k, ret) {
+               if (k.k->p.inode != last_dev) {
+                       struct bch_dev *ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, k.k->p.inode);
 
-       do {
-               ca->fifo_last_bucket++;
-               if (ca->fifo_last_bucket == ca->mi.nbuckets)
-                       ca->fifo_last_bucket = ca->mi.first_bucket;
+                       if (!ca->mi.freespace_initialized) {
+                               bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(&iter, POS(k.k->p.inode + 1, 0));
+                               continue;
+                       }
 
-               b = ca->fifo_last_bucket;
-               m = READ_ONCE(buckets->b[b].mark);
+                       last_dev = k.k->p.inode;
+               }
+
+               ret = __bch2_trans_do(&trans, NULL, NULL, 0,
+                       bch2_check_alloc_key(&trans, &iter));
+               if (ret)
+                       break;
+       }
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
 
-               if (bch2_can_invalidate_bucket(ca, b, m)) {
-                       struct alloc_heap_entry e = { .bucket = b, .nr = 1, };
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
 
-                       heap_add(&ca->alloc_heap, e, bucket_alloc_cmp, NULL);
-                       if (heap_full(&ca->alloc_heap))
-                               break;
-               }
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(&trans, &iter, BTREE_ID_freespace, POS_MIN,
+                            BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH);
+       while (1) {
+               ret = __bch2_trans_do(&trans, NULL, NULL, 0,
+                       bch2_check_freespace_key(&trans, &iter, initial));
+               if (ret)
+                       break;
 
-               cond_resched();
-       } while (ca->fifo_last_bucket != start);
+               bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(&iter, bpos_nosnap_successor(iter.pos));
+       }
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
+err:
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
+       return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
 }
 
-static void find_reclaimable_buckets_random(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
+static int bch2_clear_need_discard(struct btree_trans *trans, struct bpos pos,
+                                  struct bch_dev *ca, bool *discard_done)
 {
-       struct bucket_array *buckets = bucket_array(ca);
-       struct bucket_mark m;
-       size_t checked, i;
+       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_s_c k;
+       struct bkey_i_alloc_v4 *a;
+       struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
+       int ret;
 
-       for (checked = 0;
-            checked < ca->mi.nbuckets / 2;
-            checked++) {
-               size_t b = bch2_rand_range(ca->mi.nbuckets -
-                                          ca->mi.first_bucket) +
-                       ca->mi.first_bucket;
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &iter, BTREE_ID_alloc, pos,
+                            BTREE_ITER_CACHED);
+       k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&iter);
+       ret = bkey_err(k);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
 
-               m = READ_ONCE(buckets->b[b].mark);
+       a = bch2_alloc_to_v4_mut(trans, k);
+       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(a);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
 
-               if (bch2_can_invalidate_bucket(ca, b, m)) {
-                       struct alloc_heap_entry e = { .bucket = b, .nr = 1, };
+       if (BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_INC_GEN(&a->v)) {
+               a->v.gen++;
+               SET_BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_INC_GEN(&a->v, false);
+               goto write;
+       }
 
-                       heap_add(&ca->alloc_heap, e, bucket_alloc_cmp, NULL);
-                       if (heap_full(&ca->alloc_heap))
-                               break;
-               }
+       BUG_ON(a->v.journal_seq > c->journal.flushed_seq_ondisk);
 
-               cond_resched();
+       if (bch2_fs_inconsistent_on(!BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_DISCARD(&a->v), c,
+                       "%s\n  incorrectly set in need_discard btree",
+                       (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k), buf.buf))) {
+               ret = -EIO;
+               goto out;
        }
 
-       sort(ca->alloc_heap.data,
-            ca->alloc_heap.used,
-            sizeof(ca->alloc_heap.data[0]),
-            bucket_idx_cmp, NULL);
+       if (!*discard_done && ca->mi.discard && !c->opts.nochanges) {
+               /*
+                * This works without any other locks because this is the only
+                * thread that removes items from the need_discard tree
+                */
+               bch2_trans_unlock(trans);
+               blkdev_issue_discard(ca->disk_sb.bdev,
+                                    k.k->p.offset * ca->mi.bucket_size,
+                                    ca->mi.bucket_size,
+                                    GFP_KERNEL, 0);
+               *discard_done = true;
+
+               ret = bch2_trans_relock(trans) ? 0 : -EINTR;
+               if (ret)
+                       goto out;
+       }
 
-       /* remove duplicates: */
-       for (i = 0; i + 1 < ca->alloc_heap.used; i++)
-               if (ca->alloc_heap.data[i].bucket ==
-                   ca->alloc_heap.data[i + 1].bucket)
-                       ca->alloc_heap.data[i].nr = 0;
+       SET_BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_DISCARD(&a->v, false);
+write:
+       ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, &a->k_i, 0);
+out:
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
+       printbuf_exit(&buf);
+       return ret;
 }
 
-static size_t find_reclaimable_buckets(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
+static void bch2_do_discards_work(struct work_struct *work)
 {
-       size_t i, nr = 0;
+       struct bch_fs *c = container_of(work, struct bch_fs, discard_work);
+       struct bch_dev *ca = NULL;
+       struct btree_trans trans;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_s_c k;
+       u64 seen = 0, open = 0, need_journal_commit = 0, discarded = 0;
+       int ret;
 
-       ca->inc_gen_needs_gc                    = 0;
-       ca->inc_gen_really_needs_gc             = 0;
+       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
 
-       switch (ca->mi.replacement) {
-       case BCH_CACHE_REPLACEMENT_lru:
-               find_reclaimable_buckets_lru(c, ca);
-               break;
-       case BCH_CACHE_REPLACEMENT_fifo:
-               find_reclaimable_buckets_fifo(c, ca);
-               break;
-       case BCH_CACHE_REPLACEMENT_random:
-               find_reclaimable_buckets_random(c, ca);
-               break;
-       }
+       for_each_btree_key(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_need_discard,
+                          POS_MIN, 0, k, ret) {
+               bool discard_done = false;
 
-       heap_resort(&ca->alloc_heap, bucket_alloc_cmp, NULL);
+               if (ca && k.k->p.inode != ca->dev_idx) {
+                       percpu_ref_put(&ca->io_ref);
+                       ca = NULL;
+               }
 
-       for (i = 0; i < ca->alloc_heap.used; i++)
-               nr += ca->alloc_heap.data[i].nr;
+               if (!ca) {
+                       ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, k.k->p.inode);
+                       if (!percpu_ref_tryget(&ca->io_ref)) {
+                               ca = NULL;
+                               bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(&iter, POS(k.k->p.inode + 1, 0));
+                               continue;
+                       }
+               }
 
-       return nr;
-}
+               seen++;
 
-/*
- * returns sequence number of most recent journal entry that updated this
- * bucket:
- */
-static u64 bucket_journal_seq(struct bch_fs *c, struct bucket_mark m)
-{
-       if (m.journal_seq_valid) {
-               u64 journal_seq = atomic64_read(&c->journal.seq);
-               u64 bucket_seq  = journal_seq;
+               if (bch2_bucket_is_open_safe(c, k.k->p.inode, k.k->p.offset)) {
+                       open++;
+                       continue;
+               }
 
-               bucket_seq &= ~((u64) U16_MAX);
-               bucket_seq |= m.journal_seq;
+               if (bch2_bucket_needs_journal_commit(&c->buckets_waiting_for_journal,
+                               c->journal.flushed_seq_ondisk,
+                               k.k->p.inode, k.k->p.offset)) {
+                       need_journal_commit++;
+                       continue;
+               }
 
-               if (bucket_seq > journal_seq)
-                       bucket_seq -= 1 << 16;
+               ret = __bch2_trans_do(&trans, NULL, NULL,
+                                     BTREE_INSERT_USE_RESERVE|
+                                     BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL,
+                               bch2_clear_need_discard(&trans, k.k->p, ca, &discard_done));
+               if (ret)
+                       break;
 
-               return bucket_seq;
-       } else {
-               return 0;
+               discarded++;
        }
-}
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
 
-static int bucket_invalidate_btree(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                                  struct bch_dev *ca, u64 b)
-{
-       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct bkey_alloc_buf *a;
-       struct bkey_alloc_unpacked u;
-       struct bucket *g;
-       struct bucket_mark m;
-       struct btree_iter *iter =
-               bch2_trans_get_iter(trans, BTREE_ID_alloc,
-                                   POS(ca->dev_idx, b),
-                                   BTREE_ITER_CACHED|
-                                   BTREE_ITER_CACHED_NOFILL|
-                                   BTREE_ITER_INTENT);
-       int ret;
+       if (ca)
+               percpu_ref_put(&ca->io_ref);
 
-       a = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, sizeof(*a));
-       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(a);
-       if (ret)
-               goto err;
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
 
-       ret = bch2_btree_iter_traverse(iter);
-       if (ret)
-               goto err;
+       if (need_journal_commit * 2 > seen)
+               bch2_journal_flush_async(&c->journal, NULL);
 
-       percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
-       g = bucket(ca, b);
-       m = READ_ONCE(g->mark);
-       u = alloc_mem_to_key(iter, g, m);
-       percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
-
-       u.gen++;
-       u.data_type     = 0;
-       u.dirty_sectors = 0;
-       u.cached_sectors = 0;
-       u.read_time     = atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[READ].now);
-       u.write_time    = atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[WRITE].now);
-
-       bch2_alloc_pack(c, a, u);
-       bch2_trans_update(trans, iter, &a->k, BTREE_TRIGGER_BUCKET_INVALIDATE);
-err:
-       bch2_trans_iter_put(trans, iter);
-       return ret;
+       percpu_ref_put(&c->writes);
+
+       trace_do_discards(c, seen, open, need_journal_commit, discarded, ret);
 }
 
-static int bch2_invalidate_one_bucket(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca,
-                                     u64 *journal_seq, unsigned flags)
+void bch2_do_discards(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
-       struct bucket *g;
-       struct bucket_mark m;
-       size_t b;
-       int ret = 0;
-
-       BUG_ON(!ca->alloc_heap.used ||
-              !ca->alloc_heap.data[0].nr);
-       b = ca->alloc_heap.data[0].bucket;
-
-       /* first, put on free_inc and mark as owned by allocator: */
-       percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
-       g = bucket(ca, b);
-       m = READ_ONCE(g->mark);
+       if (percpu_ref_tryget(&c->writes) &&
+           !queue_work(system_long_wq, &c->discard_work))
+               percpu_ref_put(&c->writes);
+}
 
-       BUG_ON(m.dirty_sectors);
+static int invalidate_one_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans, struct bch_dev *ca)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+       struct btree_iter lru_iter, alloc_iter = { NULL };
+       struct bkey_s_c k;
+       struct bkey_i_alloc_v4 *a;
+       u64 bucket, idx;
+       int ret;
 
-       bch2_mark_alloc_bucket(c, ca, b, true);
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &lru_iter, BTREE_ID_lru,
+                            POS(ca->dev_idx, 0), 0);
+       k = bch2_btree_iter_peek(&lru_iter);
+       ret = bkey_err(k);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
 
-       spin_lock(&c->freelist_lock);
-       verify_not_on_freelist(c, ca, b);
-       BUG_ON(!fifo_push(&ca->free_inc, b));
-       spin_unlock(&c->freelist_lock);
+       if (!k.k || k.k->p.inode != ca->dev_idx)
+               goto out;
 
-       /*
-        * If we're not invalidating cached data, we only increment the bucket
-        * gen in memory here, the incremented gen will be updated in the btree
-        * by bch2_trans_mark_pointer():
-        */
-       if (!m.cached_sectors &&
-           !bucket_needs_journal_commit(m, c->journal.last_seq_ondisk)) {
-               BUG_ON(m.data_type);
-               bucket_cmpxchg(g, m, m.gen++);
-               percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
+       if (bch2_fs_inconsistent_on(k.k->type != KEY_TYPE_lru, c,
+                                   "non lru key in lru btree"))
                goto out;
-       }
 
-       percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
+       idx     = k.k->p.offset;
+       bucket  = le64_to_cpu(bkey_s_c_to_lru(k).v->idx);
 
-       /*
-        * If the read-only path is trying to shut down, we can't be generating
-        * new btree updates:
-        */
-       if (test_bit(BCH_FS_ALLOCATOR_STOPPING, &c->flags)) {
-               ret = 1;
+       a = bch2_trans_start_alloc_update(trans, &alloc_iter,
+                                         POS(ca->dev_idx, bucket));
+       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(a);
+       if (ret)
                goto out;
-       }
-
-       ret = bch2_trans_do(c, NULL, journal_seq,
-                           BTREE_INSERT_NOCHECK_RW|
-                           BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL|
-                           BTREE_INSERT_JOURNAL_RESERVED|
-                           flags,
-                           bucket_invalidate_btree(&trans, ca, b));
-out:
-       if (!ret) {
-               /* remove from alloc_heap: */
-               struct alloc_heap_entry e, *top = ca->alloc_heap.data;
 
-               top->bucket++;
-               top->nr--;
+       if (bch2_fs_inconsistent_on(idx != alloc_lru_idx(a->v), c,
+                       "invalidating bucket with wrong lru idx (got %llu should be %llu",
+                       idx, alloc_lru_idx(a->v)))
+               goto out;
 
-               if (!top->nr)
-                       heap_pop(&ca->alloc_heap, e, bucket_alloc_cmp, NULL);
+       SET_BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_INC_GEN(&a->v, false);
+       a->v.gen++;
+       a->v.data_type          = 0;
+       a->v.dirty_sectors      = 0;
+       a->v.cached_sectors     = 0;
+       a->v.io_time[READ]      = atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[READ].now);
+       a->v.io_time[WRITE]     = atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[WRITE].now);
 
-               /*
-                * Make sure we flush the last journal entry that updated this
-                * bucket (i.e. deleting the last reference) before writing to
-                * this bucket again:
-                */
-               *journal_seq = max(*journal_seq, bucket_journal_seq(c, m));
-       } else {
-               size_t b2;
+       ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, &alloc_iter, &a->k_i,
+                               BTREE_TRIGGER_BUCKET_INVALIDATE);
+out:
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &alloc_iter);
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &lru_iter);
+       return ret;
+}
 
-               /* remove from free_inc: */
-               percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
-               spin_lock(&c->freelist_lock);
+static void bch2_do_invalidates_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = container_of(work, struct bch_fs, invalidate_work);
+       struct bch_dev *ca;
+       struct btree_trans trans;
+       unsigned i;
+       int ret = 0;
 
-               bch2_mark_alloc_bucket(c, ca, b, false);
+       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
 
-               BUG_ON(!fifo_pop_back(&ca->free_inc, b2));
-               BUG_ON(b != b2);
+       for_each_member_device(ca, c, i)
+               while (!ret && should_invalidate_buckets(ca))
+                       ret = __bch2_trans_do(&trans, NULL, NULL,
+                                             BTREE_INSERT_USE_RESERVE|
+                                             BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL,
+                                       invalidate_one_bucket(&trans, ca));
 
-               spin_unlock(&c->freelist_lock);
-               percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
-       }
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
+       percpu_ref_put(&c->writes);
+}
 
-       return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
+void bch2_do_invalidates(struct bch_fs *c)
+{
+       if (percpu_ref_tryget(&c->writes))
+               queue_work(system_long_wq, &c->invalidate_work);
 }
 
-/*
- * Pull buckets off ca->alloc_heap, invalidate them, move them to ca->free_inc:
- */
-static int bch2_invalidate_buckets(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
+static int bch2_dev_freespace_init(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
 {
-       u64 journal_seq = 0;
-       int ret = 0;
+       struct btree_trans trans;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_s_c k;
+       struct bch_alloc_v4 a;
+       struct bch_member *m;
+       int ret;
 
-       /* Only use nowait if we've already invalidated at least one bucket: */
-       while (!ret &&
-              !fifo_full(&ca->free_inc) &&
-              ca->alloc_heap.used) {
-               ret = bch2_invalidate_one_bucket(c, ca, &journal_seq,
-                               (!fifo_empty(&ca->free_inc)
-                                ? BTREE_INSERT_NOWAIT : 0));
-               /*
-                * We only want to batch up invalidates when they're going to
-                * require flushing the journal:
-                */
-               if (!journal_seq)
+       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
+
+       for_each_btree_key(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_alloc,
+                          POS(ca->dev_idx, ca->mi.first_bucket),
+                          BTREE_ITER_SLOTS|
+                          BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH, k, ret) {
+               if (iter.pos.offset >= ca->mi.nbuckets)
                        break;
-       }
 
-       /* If we used NOWAIT, don't return the error: */
-       if (!fifo_empty(&ca->free_inc))
-               ret = 0;
-       if (ret) {
-               bch_err(ca, "error invalidating buckets: %i", ret);
-               return ret;
+               bch2_alloc_to_v4(k, &a);
+               ret = __bch2_trans_do(&trans, NULL, NULL,
+                                     BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW,
+                                bch2_bucket_do_index(&trans, k, a, true));
+               if (ret)
+                       break;
        }
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
+
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
 
-       if (journal_seq)
-               ret = bch2_journal_flush_seq(&c->journal, journal_seq);
        if (ret) {
-               bch_err(ca, "journal error: %i", ret);
+               bch_err(ca, "error initializing free space: %i", ret);
                return ret;
        }
 
-       return 0;
-}
+       mutex_lock(&c->sb_lock);
+       m = bch2_sb_get_members(c->disk_sb.sb)->members + ca->dev_idx;
+       SET_BCH_MEMBER_FREESPACE_INITIALIZED(m, true);
+       mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
 
-static void alloc_thread_set_state(struct bch_dev *ca, unsigned new_state)
-{
-       if (ca->allocator_state != new_state) {
-               ca->allocator_state = new_state;
-               closure_wake_up(&ca->fs->freelist_wait);
-       }
+       return ret;
 }
 
-static int push_invalidated_bucket(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca, u64 b)
+int bch2_fs_freespace_init(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
+       struct bch_dev *ca;
        unsigned i;
        int ret = 0;
+       bool doing_init = false;
 
-       spin_lock(&c->freelist_lock);
-       for (i = 0; i < RESERVE_NR; i++) {
-               /*
-                * Don't strand buckets on the copygc freelist until
-                * after recovery is finished:
-                */
-               if (i == RESERVE_MOVINGGC &&
-                   !test_bit(BCH_FS_STARTED, &c->flags))
+       /*
+        * We can crash during the device add path, so we need to check this on
+        * every mount:
+        */
+
+       for_each_member_device(ca, c, i) {
+               if (ca->mi.freespace_initialized)
                        continue;
 
-               if (fifo_push(&ca->free[i], b)) {
-                       fifo_pop(&ca->free_inc, b);
-                       ret = 1;
-                       break;
+               if (!doing_init) {
+                       bch_info(c, "initializing freespace");
+                       doing_init = true;
                }
-       }
-       spin_unlock(&c->freelist_lock);
 
-       ca->allocator_state = ret
-               ? ALLOCATOR_running
-               : ALLOCATOR_blocked_full;
-       closure_wake_up(&c->freelist_wait);
-       return ret;
-}
-
-static void discard_one_bucket(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca, u64 b)
-{
-       if (ca->mi.discard &&
-           blk_queue_discard(bdev_get_queue(ca->disk_sb.bdev)))
-               blkdev_issue_discard(ca->disk_sb.bdev, bucket_to_sector(ca, b),
-                                    ca->mi.bucket_size, GFP_NOFS, 0);
-}
+               ret = bch2_dev_freespace_init(c, ca);
+               if (ret) {
+                       percpu_ref_put(&ca->ref);
+                       return ret;
+               }
+       }
 
-static bool allocator_thread_running(struct bch_dev *ca)
-{
-       unsigned state = ca->mi.state == BCH_MEMBER_STATE_rw &&
-               test_bit(BCH_FS_ALLOCATOR_RUNNING, &ca->fs->flags)
-               ? ALLOCATOR_running
-               : ALLOCATOR_stopped;
-       alloc_thread_set_state(ca, state);
-       return state == ALLOCATOR_running;
-}
+       if (doing_init) {
+               mutex_lock(&c->sb_lock);
+               bch2_write_super(c);
+               mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
 
-static int buckets_available(struct bch_dev *ca, unsigned long gc_count)
-{
-       s64 available = dev_buckets_reclaimable(ca) -
-               (gc_count == ca->fs->gc_count ? ca->inc_gen_really_needs_gc : 0);
-       bool ret = available > 0;
+               bch_verbose(c, "done initializing freespace");
+       }
 
-       alloc_thread_set_state(ca, ret
-                              ? ALLOCATOR_running
-                              : ALLOCATOR_blocked);
        return ret;
 }
 
-/**
- * bch_allocator_thread - move buckets from free_inc to reserves
- *
- * The free_inc FIFO is populated by find_reclaimable_buckets(), and
- * the reserves are depleted by bucket allocation. When we run out
- * of free_inc, try to invalidate some buckets and write out
- * prios and gens.
- */
-static int bch2_allocator_thread(void *arg)
-{
-       struct bch_dev *ca = arg;
-       struct bch_fs *c = ca->fs;
-       unsigned long gc_count = c->gc_count;
-       size_t nr;
-       int ret;
-
-       set_freezable();
-
-       while (1) {
-               ret = kthread_wait_freezable(allocator_thread_running(ca));
-               if (ret)
-                       goto stop;
-
-               while (!ca->alloc_heap.used) {
-                       cond_resched();
-
-                       ret = kthread_wait_freezable(buckets_available(ca, gc_count));
-                       if (ret)
-                               goto stop;
-
-                       gc_count = c->gc_count;
-                       nr = find_reclaimable_buckets(c, ca);
-
-                       trace_alloc_scan(ca, nr, ca->inc_gen_needs_gc,
-                                        ca->inc_gen_really_needs_gc);
+/* Bucket IO clocks: */
 
-                       if ((ca->inc_gen_needs_gc >= ALLOC_SCAN_BATCH(ca) ||
-                            ca->inc_gen_really_needs_gc) &&
-                           c->gc_thread) {
-                               atomic_inc(&c->kick_gc);
-                               wake_up_process(c->gc_thread);
-                       }
-               }
+int bch2_bucket_io_time_reset(struct btree_trans *trans, unsigned dev,
+                             size_t bucket_nr, int rw)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_i_alloc_v4 *a;
+       u64 now;
+       int ret = 0;
 
-               ret = bch2_invalidate_buckets(c, ca);
-               if (ret)
-                       goto stop;
+       a = bch2_trans_start_alloc_update(trans, &iter,  POS(dev, bucket_nr));
+       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(a);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
-               while (!fifo_empty(&ca->free_inc)) {
-                       u64 b = fifo_peek(&ca->free_inc);
+       now = atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[rw].now);
+       if (a->v.io_time[rw] == now)
+               goto out;
 
-                       discard_one_bucket(c, ca, b);
+       a->v.io_time[rw] = now;
 
-                       ret = kthread_wait_freezable(push_invalidated_bucket(c, ca, b));
-                       if (ret)
-                               goto stop;
-               }
-       }
-stop:
-       alloc_thread_set_state(ca, ALLOCATOR_stopped);
-       return 0;
+       ret   = bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, &a->k_i, 0) ?:
+               bch2_trans_commit(trans, NULL, NULL, 0);
+out:
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
+       return ret;
 }
 
 /* Startup/shutdown (ro/rw): */
@@ -1004,12 +1173,12 @@ void bch2_recalc_capacity(struct bch_fs *c)
        u64 capacity = 0, reserved_sectors = 0, gc_reserve;
        unsigned bucket_size_max = 0;
        unsigned long ra_pages = 0;
-       unsigned i, j;
+       unsigned i;
 
        lockdep_assert_held(&c->state_lock);
 
        for_each_online_member(ca, c, i) {
-               struct backing_dev_info *bdi = ca->disk_sb.bdev->bd_bdi;
+               struct backing_dev_info *bdi = ca->disk_sb.bdev->bd_disk->bdi;
 
                ra_pages += bdi->ra_pages;
        }
@@ -1035,8 +1204,9 @@ void bch2_recalc_capacity(struct bch_fs *c)
                 * allocations for foreground writes must wait -
                 * not -ENOSPC calculations.
                 */
-               for (j = 0; j < RESERVE_NONE; j++)
-                       dev_reserve += ca->free[j].size;
+
+               dev_reserve += ca->nr_btree_reserve * 2;
+               dev_reserve += ca->mi.nbuckets >> 6; /* copygc reserve */
 
                dev_reserve += 1;       /* btree write point */
                dev_reserve += 1;       /* copygc write point */
@@ -1079,7 +1249,7 @@ static bool bch2_dev_has_open_write_point(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
             ob++) {
                spin_lock(&ob->lock);
                if (ob->valid && !ob->on_partial_list &&
-                   ob->ptr.dev == ca->dev_idx)
+                   ob->dev == ca->dev_idx)
                        ret = true;
                spin_unlock(&ob->lock);
        }
@@ -1092,8 +1262,6 @@ void bch2_dev_allocator_remove(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
 {
        unsigned i;
 
-       BUG_ON(ca->alloc_thread);
-
        /* First, remove device from allocation groups: */
 
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(c->rw_devs); i++)
@@ -1167,62 +1335,9 @@ void bch2_dev_allocator_add(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
                        set_bit(ca->dev_idx, c->rw_devs[i].d);
 }
 
-void bch2_dev_allocator_quiesce(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
-{
-       if (ca->alloc_thread)
-               closure_wait_event(&c->freelist_wait,
-                                  ca->allocator_state != ALLOCATOR_running);
-}
-
-/* stop allocator thread: */
-void bch2_dev_allocator_stop(struct bch_dev *ca)
-{
-       struct task_struct *p;
-
-       p = rcu_dereference_protected(ca->alloc_thread, 1);
-       ca->alloc_thread = NULL;
-
-       /*
-        * We need an rcu barrier between setting ca->alloc_thread = NULL and
-        * the thread shutting down to avoid bch2_wake_allocator() racing:
-        *
-        * XXX: it would be better to have the rcu barrier be asynchronous
-        * instead of blocking us here
-        */
-       synchronize_rcu();
-
-       if (p) {
-               kthread_stop(p);
-               put_task_struct(p);
-       }
-}
-
-/* start allocator thread: */
-int bch2_dev_allocator_start(struct bch_dev *ca)
-{
-       struct task_struct *p;
-
-       /*
-        * allocator thread already started?
-        */
-       if (ca->alloc_thread)
-               return 0;
-
-       p = kthread_create(bch2_allocator_thread, ca,
-                          "bch-alloc/%s", ca->name);
-       if (IS_ERR(p)) {
-               bch_err(ca->fs, "error creating allocator thread: %li",
-                       PTR_ERR(p));
-               return PTR_ERR(p);
-       }
-
-       get_task_struct(p);
-       rcu_assign_pointer(ca->alloc_thread, p);
-       wake_up_process(p);
-       return 0;
-}
-
 void bch2_fs_allocator_background_init(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
        spin_lock_init(&c->freelist_lock);
+       INIT_WORK(&c->discard_work, bch2_do_discards_work);
+       INIT_WORK(&c->invalidate_work, bch2_do_invalidates_work);
 }