]> git.sesse.net Git - bcachefs-tools-debian/blobdiff - libbcachefs/btree_io.c
Update bcachefs sources to 62de7539dc bcachefs: Make bkey types globally unique
[bcachefs-tools-debian] / libbcachefs / btree_io.c
index 82dd196d6cddd12ed78f3fa298904d478e3312de..231ace4fe017a897cc66b9dd3b3109118584057d 100644 (file)
@@ -1,18 +1,21 @@
 
 #include "bcachefs.h"
 #include "bkey_methods.h"
+#include "bkey_sort.h"
 #include "btree_cache.h"
-#include "btree_update.h"
 #include "btree_io.h"
 #include "btree_iter.h"
 #include "btree_locking.h"
+#include "btree_update.h"
+#include "btree_update_interior.h"
 #include "buckets.h"
 #include "checksum.h"
 #include "debug.h"
 #include "error.h"
 #include "extents.h"
 #include "io.h"
-#include "journal.h"
+#include "journal_reclaim.h"
+#include "journal_seq_blacklist.h"
 #include "super-io.h"
 
 #include <trace/events/bcachefs.h>
@@ -56,9 +59,9 @@ static void btree_bounce_free(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned order,
                              bool used_mempool, void *p)
 {
        if (used_mempool)
-               mempool_free(virt_to_page(p), &c->btree_bounce_pool);
+               mempool_free(p, &c->btree_bounce_pool);
        else
-               free_pages((unsigned long) p, order);
+               vpfree(p, PAGE_SIZE << order);
 }
 
 static void *btree_bounce_alloc(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned order,
@@ -66,7 +69,7 @@ static void *btree_bounce_alloc(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned order,
 {
        void *p;
 
-       BUG_ON(1 << order > btree_pages(c));
+       BUG_ON(order > btree_page_order(c));
 
        *used_mempool = false;
        p = (void *) __get_free_pages(__GFP_NOWARN|GFP_NOWAIT, order);
@@ -74,212 +77,23 @@ static void *btree_bounce_alloc(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned order,
                return p;
 
        *used_mempool = true;
-       return page_address(mempool_alloc(&c->btree_bounce_pool, GFP_NOIO));
-}
-
-typedef int (*sort_cmp_fn)(struct btree *,
-                          struct bkey_packed *,
-                          struct bkey_packed *);
-
-struct sort_iter {
-       struct btree    *b;
-       unsigned                used;
-
-       struct sort_iter_set {
-               struct bkey_packed *k, *end;
-       } data[MAX_BSETS + 1];
-};
-
-static void sort_iter_init(struct sort_iter *iter, struct btree *b)
-{
-       memset(iter, 0, sizeof(*iter));
-       iter->b = b;
-}
-
-static inline void __sort_iter_sift(struct sort_iter *iter,
-                                   unsigned from,
-                                   sort_cmp_fn cmp)
-{
-       unsigned i;
-
-       for (i = from;
-            i + 1 < iter->used &&
-            cmp(iter->b, iter->data[i].k, iter->data[i + 1].k) > 0;
-            i++)
-               swap(iter->data[i], iter->data[i + 1]);
-}
-
-static inline void sort_iter_sift(struct sort_iter *iter, sort_cmp_fn cmp)
-{
-
-       __sort_iter_sift(iter, 0, cmp);
-}
-
-static inline void sort_iter_sort(struct sort_iter *iter, sort_cmp_fn cmp)
-{
-       unsigned i = iter->used;
-
-       while (i--)
-               __sort_iter_sift(iter, i, cmp);
-}
-
-static void sort_iter_add(struct sort_iter *iter,
-                         struct bkey_packed *k,
-                         struct bkey_packed *end)
-{
-       BUG_ON(iter->used >= ARRAY_SIZE(iter->data));
-
-       if (k != end)
-               iter->data[iter->used++] = (struct sort_iter_set) { k, end };
-}
-
-static inline struct bkey_packed *sort_iter_peek(struct sort_iter *iter)
-{
-       return iter->used ? iter->data->k : NULL;
-}
-
-static inline void sort_iter_advance(struct sort_iter *iter, sort_cmp_fn cmp)
-{
-       iter->data->k = bkey_next(iter->data->k);
-
-       BUG_ON(iter->data->k > iter->data->end);
-
-       if (iter->data->k == iter->data->end)
-               memmove(&iter->data[0],
-                       &iter->data[1],
-                       sizeof(iter->data[0]) * --iter->used);
-       else
-               sort_iter_sift(iter, cmp);
-}
-
-static inline struct bkey_packed *sort_iter_next(struct sort_iter *iter,
-                                                sort_cmp_fn cmp)
-{
-       struct bkey_packed *ret = sort_iter_peek(iter);
-
-       if (ret)
-               sort_iter_advance(iter, cmp);
-
-       return ret;
-}
-
-static inline int sort_key_whiteouts_cmp(struct btree *b,
-                                        struct bkey_packed *l,
-                                        struct bkey_packed *r)
-{
-       return bkey_cmp_packed(b, l, r);
-}
-
-static unsigned sort_key_whiteouts(struct bkey_packed *dst,
-                                  struct sort_iter *iter)
-{
-       struct bkey_packed *in, *out = dst;
-
-       sort_iter_sort(iter, sort_key_whiteouts_cmp);
-
-       while ((in = sort_iter_next(iter, sort_key_whiteouts_cmp))) {
-               bkey_copy(out, in);
-               out = bkey_next(out);
-       }
-
-       return (u64 *) out - (u64 *) dst;
-}
-
-static inline int sort_extent_whiteouts_cmp(struct btree *b,
-                                           struct bkey_packed *l,
-                                           struct bkey_packed *r)
-{
-       struct bkey ul = bkey_unpack_key(b, l);
-       struct bkey ur = bkey_unpack_key(b, r);
-
-       return bkey_cmp(bkey_start_pos(&ul), bkey_start_pos(&ur));
-}
-
-static unsigned sort_extent_whiteouts(struct bkey_packed *dst,
-                                     struct sort_iter *iter)
-{
-       const struct bkey_format *f = &iter->b->format;
-       struct bkey_packed *in, *out = dst;
-       struct bkey_i l, r;
-       bool prev = false, l_packed = false;
-       u64 max_packed_size     = bkey_field_max(f, BKEY_FIELD_SIZE);
-       u64 max_packed_offset   = bkey_field_max(f, BKEY_FIELD_OFFSET);
-       u64 new_size;
-
-       max_packed_size = min_t(u64, max_packed_size, KEY_SIZE_MAX);
-
-       sort_iter_sort(iter, sort_extent_whiteouts_cmp);
-
-       while ((in = sort_iter_next(iter, sort_extent_whiteouts_cmp))) {
-               EBUG_ON(bkeyp_val_u64s(f, in));
-               EBUG_ON(in->type != KEY_TYPE_DISCARD);
-
-               r.k = bkey_unpack_key(iter->b, in);
-
-               if (prev &&
-                   bkey_cmp(l.k.p, bkey_start_pos(&r.k)) >= 0) {
-                       if (bkey_cmp(l.k.p, r.k.p) >= 0)
-                               continue;
-
-                       new_size = l_packed
-                               ? min(max_packed_size, max_packed_offset -
-                                     bkey_start_offset(&l.k))
-                               : KEY_SIZE_MAX;
-
-                       new_size = min(new_size, r.k.p.offset -
-                                      bkey_start_offset(&l.k));
-
-                       BUG_ON(new_size < l.k.size);
-
-                       bch2_key_resize(&l.k, new_size);
-
-                       if (bkey_cmp(l.k.p, r.k.p) >= 0)
-                               continue;
-
-                       bch2_cut_front(l.k.p, &r);
-               }
-
-               if (prev) {
-                       if (!bch2_bkey_pack(out, &l, f)) {
-                               BUG_ON(l_packed);
-                               bkey_copy(out, &l);
-                       }
-                       out = bkey_next(out);
-               }
-
-               l = r;
-               prev = true;
-               l_packed = bkey_packed(in);
-       }
-
-       if (prev) {
-               if (!bch2_bkey_pack(out, &l, f)) {
-                       BUG_ON(l_packed);
-                       bkey_copy(out, &l);
-               }
-               out = bkey_next(out);
-       }
-
-       return (u64 *) out - (u64 *) dst;
+       return mempool_alloc(&c->btree_bounce_pool, GFP_NOIO);
 }
 
 static unsigned should_compact_bset(struct btree *b, struct bset_tree *t,
                                    bool compacting,
                                    enum compact_mode mode)
 {
-       unsigned live_u64s = b->nr.bset_u64s[t - b->set];
        unsigned bset_u64s = le16_to_cpu(bset(b, t)->u64s);
-
-       if (live_u64s == bset_u64s)
-               return 0;
+       unsigned dead_u64s = bset_u64s - b->nr.bset_u64s[t - b->set];
 
        if (mode == COMPACT_LAZY) {
-               if (live_u64s * 4 < bset_u64s * 3 ||
-                   (compacting && bset_unwritten(b, bset(b, t))))
-                       return bset_u64s - live_u64s;
+               if (should_compact_bset_lazy(b, t) ||
+                   (compacting && !bset_written(b, bset(b, t))))
+                       return dead_u64s;
        } else {
                if (bset_written(b, bset(b, t)))
-                       return bset_u64s - live_u64s;
+                       return dead_u64s;
        }
 
        return 0;
@@ -322,7 +136,7 @@ bool __bch2_compact_whiteouts(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                struct bkey_packed *k, *n, *out, *start, *end;
                struct btree_node_entry *src = NULL, *dst = NULL;
 
-               if (t != b->set && bset_unwritten(b, i)) {
+               if (t != b->set && !bset_written(b, i)) {
                        src = container_of(i, struct btree_node_entry, keys);
                        dst = max(write_block(b),
                                  (void *) btree_bkey_last(b, t -1));
@@ -362,7 +176,7 @@ bool __bch2_compact_whiteouts(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                                continue;
 
                        if (bkey_whiteout(k)) {
-                               unreserve_whiteout(b, t, k);
+                               unreserve_whiteout(b, k);
                                memcpy_u64s(u_pos, k, bkeyp_key_u64s(f, k));
                                set_bkeyp_val_u64s(f, u_pos, 0);
                                u_pos = bkey_next(u_pos);
@@ -386,11 +200,10 @@ bool __bch2_compact_whiteouts(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
        BUG_ON((void *) unwritten_whiteouts_start(c, b) <
               (void *) btree_bkey_last(b, bset_tree_last(b)));
 
-       u64s = btree_node_is_extents(b)
-               ? sort_extent_whiteouts(unwritten_whiteouts_start(c, b),
-                                       &sort_iter)
-               : sort_key_whiteouts(unwritten_whiteouts_start(c, b),
-                                    &sort_iter);
+       u64s = (btree_node_is_extents(b)
+               ? bch2_sort_extent_whiteouts
+               : bch2_sort_key_whiteouts)(unwritten_whiteouts_start(c, b),
+                                          &sort_iter);
 
        BUG_ON(u64s > b->whiteout_u64s);
        BUG_ON(u64s != b->whiteout_u64s && !btree_node_is_extents(b));
@@ -427,13 +240,13 @@ static bool bch2_drop_whiteouts(struct btree *b)
                struct bset *i = bset(b, t);
                struct bkey_packed *k, *n, *out, *start, *end;
 
-               if (!should_compact_bset(b, t, true, true))
+               if (!should_compact_bset(b, t, true, COMPACT_WRITTEN))
                        continue;
 
                start   = btree_bkey_first(b, t);
                end     = btree_bkey_last(b, t);
 
-               if (bset_unwritten(b, i) &&
+               if (!bset_written(b, i) &&
                    t != b->set) {
                        struct bset *dst =
                               max_t(struct bset *, write_block(b),
@@ -465,87 +278,6 @@ static bool bch2_drop_whiteouts(struct btree *b)
        return ret;
 }
 
-static inline int sort_keys_cmp(struct btree *b,
-                               struct bkey_packed *l,
-                               struct bkey_packed *r)
-{
-       return bkey_cmp_packed(b, l, r) ?:
-               (int) bkey_whiteout(r) - (int) bkey_whiteout(l) ?:
-               (int) l->needs_whiteout - (int) r->needs_whiteout;
-}
-
-static unsigned sort_keys(struct bkey_packed *dst,
-                         struct sort_iter *iter,
-                         bool filter_whiteouts)
-{
-       const struct bkey_format *f = &iter->b->format;
-       struct bkey_packed *in, *next, *out = dst;
-
-       sort_iter_sort(iter, sort_keys_cmp);
-
-       while ((in = sort_iter_next(iter, sort_keys_cmp))) {
-               if (bkey_whiteout(in) &&
-                   (filter_whiteouts || !in->needs_whiteout))
-                       continue;
-
-               if (bkey_whiteout(in) &&
-                   (next = sort_iter_peek(iter)) &&
-                   !bkey_cmp_packed(iter->b, in, next)) {
-                       BUG_ON(in->needs_whiteout &&
-                              next->needs_whiteout);
-                       /*
-                        * XXX racy, called with read lock from write path
-                        *
-                        * leads to spurious BUG_ON() in bkey_unpack_key() in
-                        * debug mode
-                        */
-                       next->needs_whiteout |= in->needs_whiteout;
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               if (bkey_whiteout(in)) {
-                       memcpy_u64s(out, in, bkeyp_key_u64s(f, in));
-                       set_bkeyp_val_u64s(f, out, 0);
-               } else {
-                       bkey_copy(out, in);
-               }
-               out = bkey_next(out);
-       }
-
-       return (u64 *) out - (u64 *) dst;
-}
-
-static inline int sort_extents_cmp(struct btree *b,
-                                  struct bkey_packed *l,
-                                  struct bkey_packed *r)
-{
-       return bkey_cmp_packed(b, l, r) ?:
-               (int) bkey_deleted(l) - (int) bkey_deleted(r);
-}
-
-static unsigned sort_extents(struct bkey_packed *dst,
-                            struct sort_iter *iter,
-                            bool filter_whiteouts)
-{
-       struct bkey_packed *in, *out = dst;
-
-       sort_iter_sort(iter, sort_extents_cmp);
-
-       while ((in = sort_iter_next(iter, sort_extents_cmp))) {
-               if (bkey_deleted(in))
-                       continue;
-
-               if (bkey_whiteout(in) &&
-                   (filter_whiteouts || !in->needs_whiteout))
-                       continue;
-
-               bkey_copy(out, in);
-               out = bkey_next(out);
-       }
-
-       return (u64 *) out - (u64 *) dst;
-}
-
 static void btree_node_sort(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                            struct btree_iter *iter,
                            unsigned start_idx,
@@ -557,7 +289,7 @@ static void btree_node_sort(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
        struct bset_tree *t;
        struct bset *start_bset = bset(b, &b->set[start_idx]);
        bool used_mempool = false;
-       u64 start_time;
+       u64 start_time, seq = 0;
        unsigned i, u64s = 0, order, shift = end_idx - start_idx - 1;
        bool sorting_entire_node = start_idx == 0 &&
                end_idx == b->nsets;
@@ -584,24 +316,24 @@ static void btree_node_sort(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
        if (btree_node_is_extents(b))
                filter_whiteouts = bset_written(b, start_bset);
 
-       u64s = btree_node_is_extents(b)
-               ? sort_extents(out->keys.start, &sort_iter, filter_whiteouts)
-               : sort_keys(out->keys.start, &sort_iter, filter_whiteouts);
+       u64s = (btree_node_is_extents(b)
+               ? bch2_sort_extents
+               : bch2_sort_keys)(out->keys.start,
+                                 &sort_iter,
+                                 filter_whiteouts);
 
        out->keys.u64s = cpu_to_le16(u64s);
 
        BUG_ON(vstruct_end(&out->keys) > (void *) out + (PAGE_SIZE << order));
 
        if (sorting_entire_node)
-               bch2_time_stats_update(&c->btree_sort_time, start_time);
+               bch2_time_stats_update(&c->times[BCH_TIME_btree_sort],
+                                      start_time);
 
        /* Make sure we preserve bset journal_seq: */
-       for (t = b->set + start_idx + 1;
-            t < b->set + end_idx;
-            t++)
-               start_bset->journal_seq =
-                       max(start_bset->journal_seq,
-                           bset(b, t)->journal_seq);
+       for (t = b->set + start_idx; t < b->set + end_idx; t++)
+               seq = max(seq, le64_to_cpu(bset(b, t)->journal_seq));
+       start_bset->journal_seq = cpu_to_le64(seq);
 
        if (sorting_entire_node) {
                unsigned u64s = le16_to_cpu(out->keys.u64s);
@@ -646,101 +378,6 @@ static void btree_node_sort(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
        bch2_verify_btree_nr_keys(b);
 }
 
-/* Sort + repack in a new format: */
-static struct btree_nr_keys sort_repack(struct bset *dst,
-                                       struct btree *src,
-                                       struct btree_node_iter *src_iter,
-                                       struct bkey_format *out_f,
-                                       bool filter_whiteouts)
-{
-       struct bkey_format *in_f = &src->format;
-       struct bkey_packed *in, *out = vstruct_last(dst);
-       struct btree_nr_keys nr;
-
-       memset(&nr, 0, sizeof(nr));
-
-       while ((in = bch2_btree_node_iter_next_all(src_iter, src))) {
-               if (filter_whiteouts && bkey_whiteout(in))
-                       continue;
-
-               if (bch2_bkey_transform(out_f, out, bkey_packed(in)
-                                      ? in_f : &bch2_bkey_format_current, in))
-                       out->format = KEY_FORMAT_LOCAL_BTREE;
-               else
-                       bch2_bkey_unpack(src, (void *) out, in);
-
-               btree_keys_account_key_add(&nr, 0, out);
-               out = bkey_next(out);
-       }
-
-       dst->u64s = cpu_to_le16((u64 *) out - dst->_data);
-       return nr;
-}
-
-/* Sort, repack, and merge: */
-static struct btree_nr_keys sort_repack_merge(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                             struct bset *dst,
-                                             struct btree *src,
-                                             struct btree_node_iter *iter,
-                                             struct bkey_format *out_f,
-                                             bool filter_whiteouts,
-                                             key_filter_fn filter,
-                                             key_merge_fn merge)
-{
-       struct bkey_packed *k, *prev = NULL, *out;
-       struct btree_nr_keys nr;
-       BKEY_PADDED(k) tmp;
-
-       memset(&nr, 0, sizeof(nr));
-
-       while ((k = bch2_btree_node_iter_next_all(iter, src))) {
-               if (filter_whiteouts && bkey_whiteout(k))
-                       continue;
-
-               /*
-                * The filter might modify pointers, so we have to unpack the
-                * key and values to &tmp.k:
-                */
-               bch2_bkey_unpack(src, &tmp.k, k);
-
-               if (filter && filter(c, src, bkey_i_to_s(&tmp.k)))
-                       continue;
-
-               /* prev is always unpacked, for key merging: */
-
-               if (prev &&
-                   merge &&
-                   merge(c, src, (void *) prev, &tmp.k) == BCH_MERGE_MERGE)
-                       continue;
-
-               /*
-                * the current key becomes the new prev: advance prev, then
-                * copy the current key - but first pack prev (in place):
-                */
-               if (prev) {
-                       bch2_bkey_pack(prev, (void *) prev, out_f);
-
-                       btree_keys_account_key_add(&nr, 0, prev);
-                       prev = bkey_next(prev);
-               } else {
-                       prev = vstruct_last(dst);
-               }
-
-               bkey_copy(prev, &tmp.k);
-       }
-
-       if (prev) {
-               bch2_bkey_pack(prev, (void *) prev, out_f);
-               btree_keys_account_key_add(&nr, 0, prev);
-               out = bkey_next(prev);
-       } else {
-               out = vstruct_last(dst);
-       }
-
-       dst->u64s = cpu_to_le16((u64 *) out - dst->_data);
-       return nr;
-}
-
 void bch2_btree_sort_into(struct bch_fs *c,
                         struct btree *dst,
                         struct btree *src)
@@ -753,24 +390,20 @@ void bch2_btree_sort_into(struct bch_fs *c,
 
        bch2_bset_set_no_aux_tree(dst, dst->set);
 
-       bch2_btree_node_iter_init_from_start(&src_iter, src,
-                                           btree_node_is_extents(src));
+       bch2_btree_node_iter_init_from_start(&src_iter, src);
 
-       if (btree_node_ops(src)->key_normalize ||
-           btree_node_ops(src)->key_merge)
-               nr = sort_repack_merge(c, btree_bset_first(dst),
+       if (btree_node_is_extents(src))
+               nr = bch2_sort_repack_merge(c, btree_bset_first(dst),
                                src, &src_iter,
                                &dst->format,
-                               true,
-                               btree_node_ops(src)->key_normalize,
-                               btree_node_ops(src)->key_merge);
+                               true);
        else
-               nr = sort_repack(btree_bset_first(dst),
+               nr = bch2_sort_repack(btree_bset_first(dst),
                                src, &src_iter,
                                &dst->format,
                                true);
 
-       bch2_time_stats_update(&c->btree_sort_time, start_time);
+       bch2_time_stats_update(&c->times[BCH_TIME_btree_sort], start_time);
 
        set_btree_bset_end(dst, dst->set);
 
@@ -797,7 +430,7 @@ static bool btree_node_compact(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
        for (unwritten_idx = 0;
             unwritten_idx < b->nsets;
             unwritten_idx++)
-               if (bset_unwritten(b, bset(b, &b->set[unwritten_idx])))
+               if (!bset_written(b, bset(b, &b->set[unwritten_idx])))
                        break;
 
        if (b->nsets - unwritten_idx > 1) {
@@ -820,7 +453,7 @@ void bch2_btree_build_aux_trees(struct btree *b)
 
        for_each_bset(b, t)
                bch2_bset_build_aux_tree(b, t,
-                               bset_unwritten(b, bset(b, t)) &&
+                               !bset_written(b, bset(b, t)) &&
                                t == bset_tree_last(b));
 }
 
@@ -834,19 +467,19 @@ void bch2_btree_build_aux_trees(struct btree *b)
  * Returns true if we sorted (i.e. invalidated iterators
  */
 void bch2_btree_init_next(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
-                        struct btree_iter *iter)
+                         struct btree_iter *iter)
 {
        struct btree_node_entry *bne;
        bool did_sort;
 
        EBUG_ON(!(b->lock.state.seq & 1));
-       EBUG_ON(iter && iter->nodes[b->level] != b);
+       EBUG_ON(iter && iter->l[b->level].b != b);
 
        did_sort = btree_node_compact(c, b, iter);
 
        bne = want_new_bset(c, b);
        if (bne)
-               bch2_bset_init_next(b, &bne->keys);
+               bch2_bset_init_next(c, b, bne);
 
        bch2_btree_build_aux_trees(b);
 
@@ -854,9 +487,7 @@ void bch2_btree_init_next(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                bch2_btree_iter_reinit_node(iter, b);
 }
 
-static struct nonce btree_nonce(struct btree *b,
-                               struct bset *i,
-                               unsigned offset)
+static struct nonce btree_nonce(struct bset *i, unsigned offset)
 {
        return (struct nonce) {{
                [0] = cpu_to_le32(offset),
@@ -866,67 +497,179 @@ static struct nonce btree_nonce(struct btree *b,
        }};
 }
 
-static void bset_encrypt(struct bch_fs *c, struct bset *i, struct nonce nonce)
+static void bset_encrypt(struct bch_fs *c, struct bset *i, unsigned offset)
 {
+       struct nonce nonce = btree_nonce(i, offset);
+
+       if (!offset) {
+               struct btree_node *bn = container_of(i, struct btree_node, keys);
+               unsigned bytes = (void *) &bn->keys - (void *) &bn->flags;
+
+               bch2_encrypt(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i), nonce, &bn->flags,
+                            bytes);
+
+               nonce = nonce_add(nonce, round_up(bytes, CHACHA20_BLOCK_SIZE));
+       }
+
        bch2_encrypt(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i), nonce, i->_data,
-                   vstruct_end(i) - (void *) i->_data);
+                    vstruct_end(i) - (void *) i->_data);
+}
+
+static void btree_err_msg(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                         struct btree *b, struct bset *i,
+                         unsigned offset, int write)
+{
+       pr_buf(out, "error validating btree node %s"
+              "at btree %u level %u/%u\n"
+              "pos %llu:%llu node offset %u",
+              write ? "before write " : "",
+              b->btree_id, b->level,
+              c->btree_roots[b->btree_id].level,
+              b->key.k.p.inode, b->key.k.p.offset,
+              b->written);
+       if (i)
+               pr_buf(out, " bset u64s %u", le16_to_cpu(i->u64s));
 }
 
-#define btree_node_error(c, b, ptr, msg, ...)                          \
-do {                                                                   \
-       if (write == READ &&                                            \
+enum btree_err_type {
+       BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE,
+       BTREE_ERR_WANT_RETRY,
+       BTREE_ERR_MUST_RETRY,
+       BTREE_ERR_FATAL,
+};
+
+enum btree_validate_ret {
+       BTREE_RETRY_READ = 64,
+};
+
+#define btree_err(type, c, b, i, msg, ...)                             \
+({                                                                     \
+       __label__ out;                                                  \
+       char _buf[300];                                                 \
+       struct printbuf out = PBUF(_buf);                               \
+                                                                       \
+       btree_err_msg(&out, c, b, i, b->written, write);                \
+       pr_buf(&out, ": " msg, ##__VA_ARGS__);                          \
+                                                                       \
+       if (type == BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE &&                                \
+           write == READ &&                                            \
            !test_bit(BCH_FS_INITIAL_GC_DONE, &c->flags)) {             \
-               mustfix_fsck_err(c,                                     \
-                        "btree node read error at btree %u level %u/%u\n"\
-                       "sector %llu node offset %u bset u64s %u: " msg,\
-                       (b)->btree_id, (b)->level,                      \
-                       (c)->btree_roots[(b)->btree_id].level,          \
-                       (u64) ptr->offset, (b)->written,                \
-                       le16_to_cpu((i)->u64s), ##__VA_ARGS__);         \
-       } else {                                                        \
-               bch_err(c, "%s at btree %u level %u/%u\n"               \
-                       "sector %llu node offset %u bset u64s %u: " msg,\
-                       write == WRITE                                  \
-                       ? "corrupt metadata in btree node write"        \
-                       : "btree node error",                           \
-                       (b)->btree_id, (b)->level,                      \
-                       (c)->btree_roots[(b)->btree_id].level,          \
-                       (u64) ptr->offset, (b)->written,                \
-                       le16_to_cpu((i)->u64s), ##__VA_ARGS__);         \
-               ret = BCH_FSCK_ERRORS_NOT_FIXED;                        \
-               goto fsck_err;                                          \
+               mustfix_fsck_err(c, "%s", _buf);                        \
+               goto out;                                               \
        }                                                               \
-} while (0)
+                                                                       \
+       switch (write) {                                                \
+       case READ:                                                      \
+               bch_err(c, "%s", _buf);                                 \
+                                                                       \
+               switch (type) {                                         \
+               case BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE:                                 \
+                       ret = BCH_FSCK_ERRORS_NOT_FIXED;                \
+                       goto fsck_err;                                  \
+               case BTREE_ERR_WANT_RETRY:                              \
+                       if (have_retry) {                               \
+                               ret = BTREE_RETRY_READ;                 \
+                               goto fsck_err;                          \
+                       }                                               \
+                       break;                                          \
+               case BTREE_ERR_MUST_RETRY:                              \
+                       ret = BTREE_RETRY_READ;                         \
+                       goto fsck_err;                                  \
+               case BTREE_ERR_FATAL:                                   \
+                       ret = BCH_FSCK_ERRORS_NOT_FIXED;                \
+                       goto fsck_err;                                  \
+               }                                                       \
+               break;                                                  \
+       case WRITE:                                                     \
+               bch_err(c, "corrupt metadata before write: %s", _buf);  \
+                                                                       \
+               if (bch2_fs_inconsistent(c)) {                          \
+                       ret = BCH_FSCK_ERRORS_NOT_FIXED;                \
+                       goto fsck_err;                                  \
+               }                                                       \
+               break;                                                  \
+       }                                                               \
+out:                                                                   \
+       true;                                                           \
+})
+
+#define btree_err_on(cond, ...)        ((cond) ? btree_err(__VA_ARGS__) : false)
 
 static int validate_bset(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
-                        const struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr,
                         struct bset *i, unsigned sectors,
-                        unsigned *whiteout_u64s,
-                        int write)
+                        unsigned *whiteout_u64s, int write,
+                        bool have_retry)
 {
        struct bkey_packed *k, *prev = NULL;
        struct bpos prev_pos = POS_MIN;
        bool seen_non_whiteout = false;
+       unsigned version;
+       const char *err;
        int ret = 0;
 
-       if (le16_to_cpu(i->version) != BCACHE_BSET_VERSION) {
-               btree_node_error(c, b, ptr, "unsupported bset version");
-               i->u64s = 0;
-               return 0;
+       if (i == &b->data->keys) {
+               /* These indicate that we read the wrong btree node: */
+               btree_err_on(BTREE_NODE_ID(b->data) != b->btree_id,
+                            BTREE_ERR_MUST_RETRY, c, b, i,
+                            "incorrect btree id");
+
+               btree_err_on(BTREE_NODE_LEVEL(b->data) != b->level,
+                            BTREE_ERR_MUST_RETRY, c, b, i,
+                            "incorrect level");
+
+               if (BSET_BIG_ENDIAN(i) != CPU_BIG_ENDIAN) {
+                       u64 *p = (u64 *) &b->data->ptr;
+
+                       *p = swab64(*p);
+                       bch2_bpos_swab(&b->data->min_key);
+                       bch2_bpos_swab(&b->data->max_key);
+               }
+
+               btree_err_on(bkey_cmp(b->data->max_key, b->key.k.p),
+                            BTREE_ERR_MUST_RETRY, c, b, i,
+                            "incorrect max key");
+
+               /* XXX: ideally we would be validating min_key too */
+#if 0
+               /*
+                * not correct anymore, due to btree node write error
+                * handling
+                *
+                * need to add b->data->seq to btree keys and verify
+                * against that
+                */
+               btree_err_on(!extent_contains_ptr(bkey_i_to_s_c_extent(&b->key),
+                                                 b->data->ptr),
+                            BTREE_ERR_FATAL, c, b, i,
+                            "incorrect backpointer");
+#endif
+               err = bch2_bkey_format_validate(&b->data->format);
+               btree_err_on(err,
+                            BTREE_ERR_FATAL, c, b, i,
+                            "invalid bkey format: %s", err);
        }
 
-       if (b->written + sectors > c->sb.btree_node_size) {
-               btree_node_error(c, b, ptr, "bset past end of btree node");
+       version = le16_to_cpu(i->version);
+       btree_err_on((version != BCH_BSET_VERSION_OLD &&
+                     version < bcachefs_metadata_version_min) ||
+                    version >= bcachefs_metadata_version_max,
+                    BTREE_ERR_FATAL, c, b, i,
+                    "unsupported bset version");
+
+       if (btree_err_on(b->written + sectors > c->opts.btree_node_size,
+                        BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE, c, b, i,
+                        "bset past end of btree node")) {
                i->u64s = 0;
                return 0;
        }
 
-       if (b->written && !i->u64s)
-               btree_node_error(c, b, ptr, "empty set");
+       btree_err_on(b->written && !i->u64s,
+                    BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE, c, b, i,
+                    "empty bset");
 
        if (!BSET_SEPARATE_WHITEOUTS(i)) {
                seen_non_whiteout = true;
-               whiteout_u64s = 0;
+               *whiteout_u64s = 0;
        }
 
        for (k = i->start;
@@ -935,27 +678,24 @@ static int validate_bset(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                struct bkey tmp;
                const char *invalid;
 
-               if (!k->u64s) {
-                       btree_node_error(c, b, ptr,
-                               "KEY_U64s 0: %zu bytes of metadata lost",
-                               vstruct_end(i) - (void *) k);
-
+               if (btree_err_on(!k->u64s,
+                                BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE, c, b, i,
+                                "KEY_U64s 0: %zu bytes of metadata lost",
+                                vstruct_end(i) - (void *) k)) {
                        i->u64s = cpu_to_le16((u64 *) k - i->_data);
                        break;
                }
 
-               if (bkey_next(k) > vstruct_last(i)) {
-                       btree_node_error(c, b, ptr,
-                                        "key extends past end of bset");
-
+               if (btree_err_on(bkey_next(k) > vstruct_last(i),
+                                BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE, c, b, i,
+                                "key extends past end of bset")) {
                        i->u64s = cpu_to_le16((u64 *) k - i->_data);
                        break;
                }
 
-               if (k->format > KEY_FORMAT_CURRENT) {
-                       btree_node_error(c, b, ptr,
-                                        "invalid bkey format %u", k->format);
-
+               if (btree_err_on(k->format > KEY_FORMAT_CURRENT,
+                                BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE, c, b, i,
+                                "invalid bkey format %u", k->format)) {
                        i->u64s = cpu_to_le16(le16_to_cpu(i->u64s) - k->u64s);
                        memmove_u64s_down(k, bkey_next(k),
                                          (u64 *) vstruct_end(i) - (u64 *) k);
@@ -963,18 +703,23 @@ static int validate_bset(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                }
 
                if (BSET_BIG_ENDIAN(i) != CPU_BIG_ENDIAN)
-                       bch2_bkey_swab(btree_node_type(b), &b->format, k);
+                       bch2_bkey_swab(&b->format, k);
+
+               if (!write &&
+                   version < bcachefs_metadata_version_bkey_renumber)
+                       bch2_bkey_renumber(btree_node_type(b), k, write);
 
                u = bkey_disassemble(b, k, &tmp);
 
-               invalid = bch2_btree_bkey_invalid(c, b, u);
+               invalid = __bch2_bkey_invalid(c, u, btree_node_type(b)) ?:
+                       bch2_bkey_in_btree_node(b, u) ?:
+                       (write ? bch2_bkey_val_invalid(c, u) : NULL);
                if (invalid) {
                        char buf[160];
 
-                       bch2_bkey_val_to_text(c, btree_node_type(b),
-                                             buf, sizeof(buf), u);
-                       btree_node_error(c, b, ptr,
-                                        "invalid bkey %s: %s", buf, invalid);
+                       bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&PBUF(buf), c, u);
+                       btree_err(BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE, c, b, i,
+                                 "invalid bkey:\n%s\n%s", invalid, buf);
 
                        i->u64s = cpu_to_le16(le16_to_cpu(i->u64s) - k->u64s);
                        memmove_u64s_down(k, bkey_next(k),
@@ -982,6 +727,10 @@ static int validate_bset(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                        continue;
                }
 
+               if (write &&
+                   version < bcachefs_metadata_version_bkey_renumber)
+                       bch2_bkey_renumber(btree_node_type(b), k, write);
+
                /*
                 * with the separate whiteouts thing (used for extents), the
                 * second set of keys actually can have whiteouts too, so we
@@ -994,12 +743,12 @@ static int validate_bset(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                        *whiteout_u64s = k->_data - i->_data;
                        seen_non_whiteout = true;
                } else if (bkey_cmp(prev_pos, bkey_start_pos(u.k)) > 0) {
-                       btree_node_error(c, b, ptr,
-                                        "keys out of order: %llu:%llu > %llu:%llu",
-                                        prev_pos.inode,
-                                        prev_pos.offset,
-                                        u.k->p.inode,
-                                        bkey_start_offset(u.k));
+                       btree_err(BTREE_ERR_FATAL, c, b, i,
+                                 "keys out of order: %llu:%llu > %llu:%llu",
+                                 prev_pos.inode,
+                                 prev_pos.offset,
+                                 u.k->p.inode,
+                                 bkey_start_offset(u.k));
                        /* XXX: repair this */
                }
 
@@ -1013,110 +762,56 @@ fsck_err:
        return ret;
 }
 
-static bool extent_contains_ptr(struct bkey_s_c_extent e,
-                               struct bch_extent_ptr match)
-{
-       const struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr;
-
-       extent_for_each_ptr(e, ptr)
-               if (!memcmp(ptr, &match, sizeof(*ptr)))
-                       return true;
-
-       return false;
-}
-
-void bch2_btree_node_read_done(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
-                             struct bch_dev *ca,
-                             const struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr)
+int bch2_btree_node_read_done(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b, bool have_retry)
 {
        struct btree_node_entry *bne;
-       struct bset *i = &b->data->keys;
-       struct btree_node_iter *iter;
+       struct btree_node_iter_large *iter;
        struct btree_node *sorted;
+       struct bkey_packed *k;
+       struct bset *i;
        bool used_mempool;
        unsigned u64s;
-       const char *err;
-       struct bch_csum csum;
-       struct nonce nonce;
-       int ret, write = READ;
+       int ret, retry_read = 0, write = READ;
 
        iter = mempool_alloc(&c->fill_iter, GFP_NOIO);
-       __bch2_btree_node_iter_init(iter, btree_node_is_extents(b));
+       iter->used = 0;
 
-       err = "dynamic fault";
        if (bch2_meta_read_fault("btree"))
-               goto err;
+               btree_err(BTREE_ERR_MUST_RETRY, c, b, NULL,
+                         "dynamic fault");
 
-       while (b->written < c->sb.btree_node_size) {
+       btree_err_on(le64_to_cpu(b->data->magic) != bset_magic(c),
+                    BTREE_ERR_MUST_RETRY, c, b, NULL,
+                    "bad magic");
+
+       btree_err_on(!b->data->keys.seq,
+                    BTREE_ERR_MUST_RETRY, c, b, NULL,
+                    "bad btree header");
+
+       while (b->written < c->opts.btree_node_size) {
                unsigned sectors, whiteout_u64s = 0;
+               struct nonce nonce;
+               struct bch_csum csum;
+               bool first = !b->written;
 
                if (!b->written) {
                        i = &b->data->keys;
 
-                       err = "bad magic";
-                       if (le64_to_cpu(b->data->magic) != bset_magic(c))
-                               goto err;
-
-                       err = "bad btree header";
-                       if (!b->data->keys.seq)
-                               goto err;
+                       btree_err_on(!bch2_checksum_type_valid(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i)),
+                                    BTREE_ERR_WANT_RETRY, c, b, i,
+                                    "unknown checksum type");
 
-                       err = "unknown checksum type";
-                       if (!bch2_checksum_type_valid(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i)))
-                               goto err;
-
-                       /* XXX: retry checksum errors */
-
-                       nonce = btree_nonce(b, i, b->written << 9);
+                       nonce = btree_nonce(i, b->written << 9);
                        csum = csum_vstruct(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i), nonce, b->data);
 
-                       err = "bad checksum";
-                       if (bch2_crc_cmp(csum, b->data->csum))
-                               goto err;
+                       btree_err_on(bch2_crc_cmp(csum, b->data->csum),
+                                    BTREE_ERR_WANT_RETRY, c, b, i,
+                                    "invalid checksum");
 
-                       bch2_encrypt(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i), nonce,
-                                   &b->data->flags,
-                                   (void *) &b->data->keys -
-                                   (void *) &b->data->flags);
-                       nonce = nonce_add(nonce,
-                                         round_up((void *) &b->data->keys -
-                                                  (void *) &b->data->flags,
-                                                  CHACHA20_BLOCK_SIZE));
-                       bset_encrypt(c, i, nonce);
+                       bset_encrypt(c, i, b->written << 9);
 
                        sectors = vstruct_sectors(b->data, c->block_bits);
 
-                       if (BSET_BIG_ENDIAN(i) != CPU_BIG_ENDIAN) {
-                               u64 *p = (u64 *) &b->data->ptr;
-
-                               *p = swab64(*p);
-                               bch2_bpos_swab(&b->data->min_key);
-                               bch2_bpos_swab(&b->data->max_key);
-                       }
-
-                       err = "incorrect btree id";
-                       if (BTREE_NODE_ID(b->data) != b->btree_id)
-                               goto err;
-
-                       err = "incorrect level";
-                       if (BTREE_NODE_LEVEL(b->data) != b->level)
-                               goto err;
-
-                       err = "incorrect max key";
-                       if (bkey_cmp(b->data->max_key, b->key.k.p))
-                               goto err;
-
-                       err = "incorrect backpointer";
-                       if (!extent_contains_ptr(bkey_i_to_s_c_extent(&b->key),
-                                                b->data->ptr))
-                               goto err;
-
-                       err = bch2_bkey_format_validate(&b->data->format);
-                       if (err)
-                               goto err;
-
-                       set_btree_bset(b, b->set, &b->data->keys);
-
                        btree_node_set_format(b, b->data->format);
                } else {
                        bne = write_block(b);
@@ -1125,56 +820,65 @@ void bch2_btree_node_read_done(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                        if (i->seq != b->data->keys.seq)
                                break;
 
-                       err = "unknown checksum type";
-                       if (!bch2_checksum_type_valid(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i)))
-                               goto err;
+                       btree_err_on(!bch2_checksum_type_valid(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i)),
+                                    BTREE_ERR_WANT_RETRY, c, b, i,
+                                    "unknown checksum type");
 
-                       nonce = btree_nonce(b, i, b->written << 9);
+                       nonce = btree_nonce(i, b->written << 9);
                        csum = csum_vstruct(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i), nonce, bne);
 
-                       err = "bad checksum";
-                       if (memcmp(&csum, &bne->csum, sizeof(csum)))
-                               goto err;
+                       btree_err_on(bch2_crc_cmp(csum, bne->csum),
+                                    BTREE_ERR_WANT_RETRY, c, b, i,
+                                    "invalid checksum");
 
-                       bset_encrypt(c, i, nonce);
+                       bset_encrypt(c, i, b->written << 9);
 
                        sectors = vstruct_sectors(bne, c->block_bits);
                }
 
-               ret = validate_bset(c, b, ptr, i, sectors,
-                                   &whiteout_u64s, READ);
+               ret = validate_bset(c, b, i, sectors, &whiteout_u64s,
+                                   READ, have_retry);
                if (ret)
                        goto fsck_err;
 
                b->written += sectors;
 
-               err = "insufficient memory";
                ret = bch2_journal_seq_should_ignore(c, le64_to_cpu(i->journal_seq), b);
-               if (ret < 0)
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       btree_err(BTREE_ERR_FATAL, c, b, i,
+                                 "insufficient memory");
                        goto err;
+               }
 
-               if (ret)
-                       continue;
+               if (ret) {
+                       btree_err_on(first,
+                                    BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE, c, b, i,
+                                    "first btree node bset has blacklisted journal seq");
+                       if (!first)
+                               continue;
+               }
 
-               __bch2_btree_node_iter_push(iter, b,
+               bch2_btree_node_iter_large_push(iter, b,
                                           i->start,
                                           vstruct_idx(i, whiteout_u64s));
 
-               __bch2_btree_node_iter_push(iter, b,
+               bch2_btree_node_iter_large_push(iter, b,
                                           vstruct_idx(i, whiteout_u64s),
                                           vstruct_last(i));
        }
 
-       err = "corrupted btree";
        for (bne = write_block(b);
             bset_byte_offset(b, bne) < btree_bytes(c);
             bne = (void *) bne + block_bytes(c))
-               if (bne->keys.seq == b->data->keys.seq)
-                       goto err;
+               btree_err_on(bne->keys.seq == b->data->keys.seq,
+                            BTREE_ERR_WANT_RETRY, c, b, NULL,
+                            "found bset signature after last bset");
 
-       sorted = btree_bounce_alloc(c, ilog2(btree_pages(c)), &used_mempool);
+       sorted = btree_bounce_alloc(c, btree_page_order(c), &used_mempool);
        sorted->keys.u64s = 0;
 
+       set_btree_bset(b, b->set, &b->data->keys);
+
        b->nr = btree_node_is_extents(b)
                ? bch2_extent_sort_fix_overlapping(c, &sorted->keys, b, iter)
                : bch2_key_sort_fix_overlapping(&sorted->keys, b, iter);
@@ -1188,7 +892,34 @@ void bch2_btree_node_read_done(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
 
        BUG_ON(b->nr.live_u64s != u64s);
 
-       btree_bounce_free(c, ilog2(btree_pages(c)), used_mempool, sorted);
+       btree_bounce_free(c, btree_page_order(c), used_mempool, sorted);
+
+       i = &b->data->keys;
+       for (k = i->start; k != vstruct_last(i);) {
+               struct bkey tmp;
+               struct bkey_s_c u = bkey_disassemble(b, k, &tmp);
+               const char *invalid = bch2_bkey_val_invalid(c, u);
+
+               if (invalid ||
+                   (inject_invalid_keys(c) &&
+                    !bversion_cmp(u.k->version, MAX_VERSION))) {
+                       char buf[160];
+
+                       bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&PBUF(buf), c, u);
+                       btree_err(BTREE_ERR_FIXABLE, c, b, i,
+                                 "invalid bkey %s: %s", buf, invalid);
+
+                       btree_keys_account_key_drop(&b->nr, 0, k);
+
+                       i->u64s = cpu_to_le16(le16_to_cpu(i->u64s) - k->u64s);
+                       memmove_u64s_down(k, bkey_next(k),
+                                         (u64 *) vstruct_end(i) - (u64 *) k);
+                       set_btree_bset_end(b, b->set);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               k = bkey_next(k);
+       }
 
        bch2_bset_build_aux_tree(b, b->set, false);
 
@@ -1197,52 +928,148 @@ void bch2_btree_node_read_done(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
        btree_node_reset_sib_u64s(b);
 out:
        mempool_free(iter, &c->fill_iter);
-       return;
+       return retry_read;
 err:
-       btree_node_error(c, b, ptr, "%s", err);
 fsck_err:
-       bch2_inconsistent_error(c);
-       set_btree_node_read_error(b);
+       if (ret == BTREE_RETRY_READ) {
+               retry_read = 1;
+       } else {
+               bch2_inconsistent_error(c);
+               set_btree_node_read_error(b);
+       }
        goto out;
 }
 
-void bch2_btree_node_read(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b)
+static void btree_node_read_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+       struct btree_read_bio *rb =
+               container_of(work, struct btree_read_bio, work);
+       struct bch_fs *c        = rb->c;
+       struct bch_dev *ca      = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, rb->pick.ptr.dev);
+       struct btree *b         = rb->bio.bi_private;
+       struct bio *bio         = &rb->bio;
+       struct bch_io_failures failed = { .nr = 0 };
+       bool can_retry;
+
+       goto start;
+       while (1) {
+               bch_info(c, "retrying read");
+               ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, rb->pick.ptr.dev);
+               rb->have_ioref          = bch2_dev_get_ioref(ca, READ);
+               bio_reset(bio);
+               bio->bi_opf             = REQ_OP_READ|REQ_SYNC|REQ_META;
+               bio->bi_iter.bi_sector  = rb->pick.ptr.offset;
+               bio->bi_iter.bi_size    = btree_bytes(c);
+
+               if (rb->have_ioref) {
+                       bio_set_dev(bio, ca->disk_sb.bdev);
+                       submit_bio_wait(bio);
+               } else {
+                       bio->bi_status = BLK_STS_REMOVED;
+               }
+start:
+               bch2_dev_io_err_on(bio->bi_status, ca, "btree read");
+               if (rb->have_ioref)
+                       percpu_ref_put(&ca->io_ref);
+               rb->have_ioref = false;
+
+               bch2_mark_io_failure(&failed, &rb->pick);
+
+               can_retry = bch2_bkey_pick_read_device(c,
+                               bkey_i_to_s_c(&b->key),
+                               &failed, &rb->pick) > 0;
+
+               if (!bio->bi_status &&
+                   !bch2_btree_node_read_done(c, b, can_retry))
+                       break;
+
+               if (!can_retry) {
+                       set_btree_node_read_error(b);
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       bch2_time_stats_update(&c->times[BCH_TIME_btree_read], rb->start_time);
+       bio_put(&rb->bio);
+       clear_btree_node_read_in_flight(b);
+       wake_up_bit(&b->flags, BTREE_NODE_read_in_flight);
+}
+
+static void btree_node_read_endio(struct bio *bio)
 {
-       uint64_t start_time = local_clock();
+       struct btree_read_bio *rb =
+               container_of(bio, struct btree_read_bio, bio);
+       struct bch_fs *c        = rb->c;
+
+       if (rb->have_ioref) {
+               struct bch_dev *ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, rb->pick.ptr.dev);
+               bch2_latency_acct(ca, rb->start_time, READ);
+       }
+
+       queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &rb->work);
+}
+
+void bch2_btree_node_read(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
+                         bool sync)
+{
+       struct extent_ptr_decoded pick;
+       struct btree_read_bio *rb;
+       struct bch_dev *ca;
        struct bio *bio;
-       struct extent_pick_ptr pick;
+       int ret;
 
        trace_btree_read(c, b);
 
-       pick = bch2_btree_pick_ptr(c, b);
-       if (bch2_fs_fatal_err_on(!pick.ca, c,
+       ret = bch2_bkey_pick_read_device(c, bkey_i_to_s_c(&b->key),
+                                        NULL, &pick);
+       if (bch2_fs_fatal_err_on(ret <= 0, c,
                        "btree node read error: no device to read from")) {
                set_btree_node_read_error(b);
                return;
        }
 
-       bio = bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_NOIO, btree_pages(c), &c->btree_read_bio);
-       bio->bi_bdev            = pick.ca->disk_sb.bdev;
+       ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, pick.ptr.dev);
+
+       bio = bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_NOIO, buf_pages(b->data,
+                                                  btree_bytes(c)),
+                              &c->btree_bio);
+       rb = container_of(bio, struct btree_read_bio, bio);
+       rb->c                   = c;
+       rb->start_time          = local_clock();
+       rb->have_ioref          = bch2_dev_get_ioref(ca, READ);
+       rb->pick                = pick;
+       INIT_WORK(&rb->work, btree_node_read_work);
+       bio->bi_opf             = REQ_OP_READ|REQ_SYNC|REQ_META;
        bio->bi_iter.bi_sector  = pick.ptr.offset;
        bio->bi_iter.bi_size    = btree_bytes(c);
-       bio_set_op_attrs(bio, REQ_OP_READ, REQ_META|READ_SYNC);
+       bio->bi_end_io          = btree_node_read_endio;
+       bio->bi_private         = b;
        bch2_bio_map(bio, b->data);
 
-       submit_bio_wait(bio);
+       set_btree_node_read_in_flight(b);
 
-       if (bch2_dev_fatal_io_err_on(bio->bi_error,
-                                 pick.ca, "IO error reading bucket %zu",
-                                 PTR_BUCKET_NR(pick.ca, &pick.ptr)) ||
-           bch2_meta_read_fault("btree")) {
-               set_btree_node_read_error(b);
-               goto out;
-       }
+       if (rb->have_ioref) {
+               this_cpu_add(ca->io_done->sectors[READ][BCH_DATA_BTREE],
+                            bio_sectors(bio));
+               bio_set_dev(bio, ca->disk_sb.bdev);
 
-       bch2_btree_node_read_done(c, b, pick.ca, &pick.ptr);
-       bch2_time_stats_update(&c->btree_read_time, start_time);
-out:
-       bio_put(bio);
-       percpu_ref_put(&pick.ca->io_ref);
+               if (sync) {
+                       submit_bio_wait(bio);
+
+                       bio->bi_private = b;
+                       btree_node_read_work(&rb->work);
+               } else {
+                       submit_bio(bio);
+               }
+       } else {
+               bio->bi_status = BLK_STS_REMOVED;
+
+               if (sync)
+                       btree_node_read_work(&rb->work);
+               else
+                       queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &rb->work);
+
+       }
 }
 
 int bch2_btree_root_read(struct bch_fs *c, enum btree_id id,
@@ -1255,35 +1082,55 @@ int bch2_btree_root_read(struct bch_fs *c, enum btree_id id,
        closure_init_stack(&cl);
 
        do {
-               ret = bch2_btree_node_cannibalize_lock(c, &cl);
+               ret = bch2_btree_cache_cannibalize_lock(c, &cl);
                closure_sync(&cl);
        } while (ret);
 
        b = bch2_btree_node_mem_alloc(c);
-       bch2_btree_node_cannibalize_unlock(c);
+       bch2_btree_cache_cannibalize_unlock(c);
 
        BUG_ON(IS_ERR(b));
 
        bkey_copy(&b->key, k);
-       BUG_ON(bch2_btree_node_hash_insert(c, b, level, id));
+       BUG_ON(bch2_btree_node_hash_insert(&c->btree_cache, b, level, id));
 
-       bch2_btree_node_read(c, b);
-       six_unlock_write(&b->lock);
+       bch2_btree_node_read(c, b, true);
 
        if (btree_node_read_error(b)) {
-               six_unlock_intent(&b->lock);
-               return -EIO;
+               bch2_btree_node_hash_remove(&c->btree_cache, b);
+
+               mutex_lock(&c->btree_cache.lock);
+               list_move(&b->list, &c->btree_cache.freeable);
+               mutex_unlock(&c->btree_cache.lock);
+
+               ret = -EIO;
+               goto err;
        }
 
-       bch2_btree_set_root_initial(c, b, NULL);
+       bch2_btree_set_root_for_read(c, b);
+err:
+       six_unlock_write(&b->lock);
        six_unlock_intent(&b->lock);
 
-       return 0;
+       return ret;
 }
 
 void bch2_btree_complete_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                              struct btree_write *w)
 {
+       unsigned long old, new, v = READ_ONCE(b->will_make_reachable);
+
+       do {
+               old = new = v;
+               if (!(old & 1))
+                       break;
+
+               new &= ~1UL;
+       } while ((v = cmpxchg(&b->will_make_reachable, old, new)) != old);
+
+       if (old & 1)
+               closure_put(&((struct btree_update *) new)->cl);
+
        bch2_journal_pin_drop(&c->journal, &w->journal);
        closure_wake_up(&w->wait);
 }
@@ -1292,81 +1139,171 @@ static void btree_node_write_done(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b)
 {
        struct btree_write *w = btree_prev_write(b);
 
-       /*
-        * Before calling bch2_btree_complete_write() - if the write errored, we
-        * have to halt new journal writes before they see this btree node
-        * write as completed:
-        */
-       if (btree_node_write_error(b))
-               bch2_journal_halt(&c->journal);
-
        bch2_btree_complete_write(c, b, w);
        btree_node_io_unlock(b);
 }
 
+static void bch2_btree_node_write_error(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                       struct btree_write_bio *wbio)
+{
+       struct btree *b         = wbio->wbio.bio.bi_private;
+       __BKEY_PADDED(k, BKEY_BTREE_PTR_VAL_U64s_MAX) tmp;
+       struct bkey_i_btree_ptr *new_key;
+       struct bkey_s_btree_ptr bp;
+       struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       int ret;
+
+       __bch2_btree_iter_init(&iter, c, b->btree_id, b->key.k.p,
+                              BTREE_MAX_DEPTH,
+                              b->level, BTREE_ITER_NODES);
+retry:
+       ret = bch2_btree_iter_traverse(&iter);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+
+       /* has node been freed? */
+       if (iter.l[b->level].b != b) {
+               /* node has been freed: */
+               BUG_ON(!btree_node_dying(b));
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       BUG_ON(!btree_node_hashed(b));
+
+       bkey_copy(&tmp.k, &b->key);
+
+       new_key = bkey_i_to_btree_ptr(&tmp.k);
+       bp = btree_ptr_i_to_s(new_key);
+
+       bch2_bkey_drop_ptrs(bkey_i_to_s(&tmp.k), ptr,
+               bch2_dev_list_has_dev(wbio->wbio.failed, ptr->dev));
+
+       if (!bch2_bkey_nr_ptrs(bp.s_c))
+               goto err;
+
+       ret = bch2_btree_node_update_key(c, &iter, b, new_key);
+       if (ret == -EINTR)
+               goto retry;
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+out:
+       bch2_btree_iter_unlock(&iter);
+       bio_put(&wbio->wbio.bio);
+       btree_node_write_done(c, b);
+       return;
+err:
+       set_btree_node_noevict(b);
+       bch2_fs_fatal_error(c, "fatal error writing btree node");
+       goto out;
+}
+
+void bch2_btree_write_error_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = container_of(work, struct bch_fs,
+                                       btree_write_error_work);
+       struct bio *bio;
+
+       while (1) {
+               spin_lock_irq(&c->btree_write_error_lock);
+               bio = bio_list_pop(&c->btree_write_error_list);
+               spin_unlock_irq(&c->btree_write_error_lock);
+
+               if (!bio)
+                       break;
+
+               bch2_btree_node_write_error(c,
+                       container_of(bio, struct btree_write_bio, wbio.bio));
+       }
+}
+
+static void btree_node_write_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+       struct btree_write_bio *wbio =
+               container_of(work, struct btree_write_bio, work);
+       struct bch_fs *c        = wbio->wbio.c;
+       struct btree *b         = wbio->wbio.bio.bi_private;
+
+       btree_bounce_free(c,
+               wbio->wbio.order,
+               wbio->wbio.used_mempool,
+               wbio->data);
+
+       if (wbio->wbio.failed.nr) {
+               unsigned long flags;
+
+               spin_lock_irqsave(&c->btree_write_error_lock, flags);
+               bio_list_add(&c->btree_write_error_list, &wbio->wbio.bio);
+               spin_unlock_irqrestore(&c->btree_write_error_lock, flags);
+
+               queue_work(c->wq, &c->btree_write_error_work);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       bio_put(&wbio->wbio.bio);
+       btree_node_write_done(c, b);
+}
+
 static void btree_node_write_endio(struct bio *bio)
 {
-       struct btree *b = bio->bi_private;
-       struct bch_write_bio *wbio = to_wbio(bio);
-       struct bch_fs *c        = wbio->c;
-       struct bio *orig        = wbio->split ? wbio->orig : NULL;
-       struct closure *cl      = !wbio->split ? wbio->cl : NULL;
-       struct bch_dev *ca      = wbio->ca;
-
-       if (bch2_dev_fatal_io_err_on(bio->bi_error, ca, "btree write") ||
-           bch2_meta_write_fault("btree"))
-               set_btree_node_write_error(b);
-
-       if (wbio->have_io_ref)
-               percpu_ref_put(&ca->io_ref);
+       struct bch_write_bio *wbio      = to_wbio(bio);
+       struct bch_write_bio *parent    = wbio->split ? wbio->parent : NULL;
+       struct bch_write_bio *orig      = parent ?: wbio;
+       struct bch_fs *c                = wbio->c;
+       struct bch_dev *ca              = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, wbio->dev);
+       unsigned long flags;
+
+       if (wbio->have_ioref)
+               bch2_latency_acct(ca, wbio->submit_time, WRITE);
+
+       if (bio->bi_status == BLK_STS_REMOVED ||
+           bch2_dev_io_err_on(bio->bi_status, ca, "btree write") ||
+           bch2_meta_write_fault("btree")) {
+               spin_lock_irqsave(&c->btree_write_error_lock, flags);
+               bch2_dev_list_add_dev(&orig->failed, wbio->dev);
+               spin_unlock_irqrestore(&c->btree_write_error_lock, flags);
+       }
 
-       if (wbio->bounce)
-               btree_bounce_free(c,
-                       wbio->order,
-                       wbio->used_mempool,
-                       page_address(bio->bi_io_vec[0].bv_page));
+       if (wbio->have_ioref)
+               percpu_ref_put(&ca->io_ref);
 
-       if (wbio->put_bio)
+       if (parent) {
                bio_put(bio);
-
-       if (orig) {
-               bio_endio(orig);
+               bio_endio(&parent->bio);
        } else {
-               btree_node_write_done(c, b);
-               if (cl)
-                       closure_put(cl);
+               struct btree_write_bio *wb =
+                       container_of(orig, struct btree_write_bio, wbio);
+
+               INIT_WORK(&wb->work, btree_node_write_work);
+               queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &wb->work);
        }
 }
 
 static int validate_bset_for_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                                   struct bset *i, unsigned sectors)
 {
-       const struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr;
        unsigned whiteout_u64s = 0;
        int ret;
 
-       extent_for_each_ptr(bkey_i_to_s_c_extent(&b->key), ptr)
-               break;
+       if (bch2_bkey_invalid(c, bkey_i_to_s_c(&b->key), BKEY_TYPE_BTREE))
+               return -1;
 
-       ret = validate_bset(c, b, ptr, i, sectors, &whiteout_u64s, WRITE);
+       ret = validate_bset(c, b, i, sectors, &whiteout_u64s, WRITE, false);
        if (ret)
-               bch2_fatal_error(c);
+               bch2_inconsistent_error(c);
 
        return ret;
 }
 
 void __bch2_btree_node_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
-                           struct closure *parent,
                            enum six_lock_type lock_type_held)
 {
-       struct bio *bio;
-       struct bch_write_bio *wbio;
+       struct btree_write_bio *wbio;
        struct bset_tree *t;
        struct bset *i;
        struct btree_node *bn = NULL;
        struct btree_node_entry *bne = NULL;
        BKEY_PADDED(key) k;
-       struct bkey_s_extent e;
        struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr;
        struct sort_iter sort_iter;
        struct nonce nonce;
@@ -1374,8 +1311,12 @@ void __bch2_btree_node_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
        u64 seq = 0;
        bool used_mempool;
        unsigned long old, new;
+       bool validate_before_checksum = false;
        void *data;
 
+       if (test_bit(BCH_FS_HOLD_BTREE_WRITES, &c->flags))
+               return;
+
        /*
         * We may only have a read lock on the btree node - the dirty bit is our
         * "lock" against racing with other threads that may be trying to start
@@ -1405,16 +1346,24 @@ void __bch2_btree_node_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                new ^=  (1 << BTREE_NODE_write_idx);
        } while (cmpxchg_acquire(&b->flags, old, new) != old);
 
+       BUG_ON(btree_node_fake(b));
        BUG_ON(!list_empty(&b->write_blocked));
-       BUG_ON(!list_empty_careful(&b->reachable) != !b->written);
+       BUG_ON((b->will_make_reachable != 0) != !b->written);
 
-       BUG_ON(b->written >= c->sb.btree_node_size);
+       BUG_ON(b->written >= c->opts.btree_node_size);
+       BUG_ON(b->written & (c->opts.block_size - 1));
        BUG_ON(bset_written(b, btree_bset_last(b)));
        BUG_ON(le64_to_cpu(b->data->magic) != bset_magic(c));
        BUG_ON(memcmp(&b->data->format, &b->format, sizeof(b->format)));
 
-       if (lock_type_held == SIX_LOCK_intent) {
-               six_lock_write(&b->lock);
+       /*
+        * We can't block on six_lock_write() here; another thread might be
+        * trying to get a journal reservation with read locks held, and getting
+        * a journal reservation might be blocked on flushing the journal and
+        * doing btree writes:
+        */
+       if (lock_type_held == SIX_LOCK_intent &&
+           six_trylock_write(&b->lock)) {
                __bch2_compact_whiteouts(c, b, COMPACT_WRITTEN);
                six_unlock_write(&b->lock);
        } else {
@@ -1476,8 +1425,8 @@ void __bch2_btree_node_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
        b->whiteout_u64s = 0;
 
        u64s = btree_node_is_extents(b)
-               ? sort_extents(vstruct_last(i), &sort_iter, false)
-               : sort_keys(i->start, &sort_iter, false);
+               ? bch2_sort_extents(vstruct_last(i), &sort_iter, false)
+               : bch2_sort_keys(i->start, &sort_iter, false);
        le16_add_cpu(&i->u64s, u64s);
 
        clear_needs_whiteout(i);
@@ -1492,41 +1441,39 @@ void __bch2_btree_node_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
        memset(data + bytes_to_write, 0,
               (sectors_to_write << 9) - bytes_to_write);
 
-       BUG_ON(b->written + sectors_to_write > c->sb.btree_node_size);
+       BUG_ON(b->written + sectors_to_write > c->opts.btree_node_size);
        BUG_ON(BSET_BIG_ENDIAN(i) != CPU_BIG_ENDIAN);
        BUG_ON(i->seq != b->data->keys.seq);
 
-       i->version = cpu_to_le16(BCACHE_BSET_VERSION);
+       i->version = c->sb.version < bcachefs_metadata_version_new_versioning
+               ? cpu_to_le16(BCH_BSET_VERSION_OLD)
+               : cpu_to_le16(c->sb.version);
        SET_BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i, bch2_meta_checksum_type(c));
 
-       nonce = btree_nonce(b, i, b->written << 9);
+       if (bch2_csum_type_is_encryption(BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i)))
+               validate_before_checksum = true;
+
+       /* validate_bset will be modifying: */
+       if (le16_to_cpu(i->version) <
+           bcachefs_metadata_version_bkey_renumber)
+               validate_before_checksum = true;
 
        /* if we're going to be encrypting, check metadata validity first: */
-       if (bch2_csum_type_is_encryption(BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i)) &&
+       if (validate_before_checksum &&
            validate_bset_for_write(c, b, i, sectors_to_write))
                goto err;
 
-       if (bn) {
-               bch2_encrypt(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i), nonce,
-                           &bn->flags,
-                           (void *) &b->data->keys -
-                           (void *) &b->data->flags);
-               nonce = nonce_add(nonce,
-                                 round_up((void *) &b->data->keys -
-                                          (void *) &b->data->flags,
-                                          CHACHA20_BLOCK_SIZE));
-               bset_encrypt(c, i, nonce);
-
-               nonce = btree_nonce(b, i, b->written << 9);
-               bn->csum = csum_vstruct(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i), nonce, bn);
-       } else {
-               bset_encrypt(c, i, nonce);
+       bset_encrypt(c, i, b->written << 9);
+
+       nonce = btree_nonce(i, b->written << 9);
 
+       if (bn)
+               bn->csum = csum_vstruct(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i), nonce, bn);
+       else
                bne->csum = csum_vstruct(c, BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i), nonce, bne);
-       }
 
        /* if we're not encrypting, check metadata after checksumming: */
-       if (!bch2_csum_type_is_encryption(BSET_CSUM_TYPE(i)) &&
+       if (!validate_before_checksum &&
            validate_bset_for_write(c, b, i, sectors_to_write))
                goto err;
 
@@ -1549,23 +1496,20 @@ void __bch2_btree_node_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
 
        trace_btree_write(b, bytes_to_write, sectors_to_write);
 
-       bio = bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_NOIO, 1 << order, &c->bio_write);
-
-       wbio                    = to_wbio(bio);
-       wbio->cl                = parent;
-       wbio->bounce            = true;
-       wbio->put_bio           = true;
-       wbio->order             = order;
-       wbio->used_mempool      = used_mempool;
-       bio->bi_iter.bi_size    = sectors_to_write << 9;
-       bio->bi_end_io          = btree_node_write_endio;
-       bio->bi_private         = b;
-       bio_set_op_attrs(bio, REQ_OP_WRITE, REQ_META|WRITE_SYNC|REQ_FUA);
-
-       if (parent)
-               closure_get(parent);
-
-       bch2_bio_map(bio, data);
+       wbio = container_of(bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_NOIO,
+                               buf_pages(data, sectors_to_write << 9),
+                               &c->btree_bio),
+                           struct btree_write_bio, wbio.bio);
+       wbio_init(&wbio->wbio.bio);
+       wbio->data                      = data;
+       wbio->wbio.order                = order;
+       wbio->wbio.used_mempool         = used_mempool;
+       wbio->wbio.bio.bi_opf           = REQ_OP_WRITE|REQ_META|REQ_FUA;
+       wbio->wbio.bio.bi_iter.bi_size  = sectors_to_write << 9;
+       wbio->wbio.bio.bi_end_io        = btree_node_write_endio;
+       wbio->wbio.bio.bi_private       = b;
+
+       bch2_bio_map(&wbio->wbio.bio, data);
 
        /*
         * If we're appending to a leaf node, we don't technically need FUA -
@@ -1583,18 +1527,13 @@ void __bch2_btree_node_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
         */
 
        bkey_copy(&k.key, &b->key);
-       e = bkey_i_to_s_extent(&k.key);
 
-       extent_for_each_ptr(e, ptr)
+       bkey_for_each_ptr(bch2_bkey_ptrs(bkey_i_to_s(&k.key)), ptr)
                ptr->offset += b->written;
 
-       extent_for_each_ptr(e, ptr)
-               atomic64_add(sectors_to_write,
-                            &c->devs[ptr->dev]->btree_sectors_written);
-
        b->written += sectors_to_write;
 
-       bch2_submit_wbio_replicas(wbio, c, &k.key);
+       bch2_submit_wbio_replicas(&wbio->wbio, c, BCH_DATA_BTREE, &k.key);
        return;
 err:
        set_btree_node_noevict(b);
@@ -1622,9 +1561,9 @@ bool bch2_btree_post_write_cleanup(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b)
        clear_btree_node_just_written(b);
 
        /*
-        * Note: immediately after write, bset_unwritten()/bset_written() don't
-        * work - the amount of data we had to write after compaction might have
-        * been smaller than the offset of the last bset.
+        * Note: immediately after write, bset_written() doesn't work - the
+        * amount of data we had to write after compaction might have been
+        * smaller than the offset of the last bset.
         *
         * However, we know that all bsets have been written here, as long as
         * we're still holding the write lock:
@@ -1654,7 +1593,7 @@ bool bch2_btree_post_write_cleanup(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b)
 
        bne = want_new_bset(c, b);
        if (bne)
-               bch2_bset_init_next(b, &bne->keys);
+               bch2_bset_init_next(c, b, bne);
 
        bch2_btree_build_aux_trees(b);
 
@@ -1665,19 +1604,17 @@ bool bch2_btree_post_write_cleanup(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b)
  * Use this one if the node is intent locked:
  */
 void bch2_btree_node_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
-                         struct closure *parent,
                          enum six_lock_type lock_type_held)
 {
        BUG_ON(lock_type_held == SIX_LOCK_write);
 
        if (lock_type_held == SIX_LOCK_intent ||
-           six_trylock_convert(&b->lock, SIX_LOCK_read,
-                               SIX_LOCK_intent)) {
-               __bch2_btree_node_write(c, b, parent, SIX_LOCK_intent);
+           six_lock_tryupgrade(&b->lock)) {
+               __bch2_btree_node_write(c, b, SIX_LOCK_intent);
 
                /* don't cycle lock unnecessarily: */
-               if (btree_node_just_written(b)) {
-                       six_lock_write(&b->lock);
+               if (btree_node_just_written(b) &&
+                   six_trylock_write(&b->lock)) {
                        bch2_btree_post_write_cleanup(c, b);
                        six_unlock_write(&b->lock);
                }
@@ -1685,10 +1622,38 @@ void bch2_btree_node_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b,
                if (lock_type_held == SIX_LOCK_read)
                        six_lock_downgrade(&b->lock);
        } else {
-               __bch2_btree_node_write(c, b, parent, SIX_LOCK_read);
+               __bch2_btree_node_write(c, b, SIX_LOCK_read);
        }
 }
 
+static void __bch2_btree_flush_all(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned flag)
+{
+       struct bucket_table *tbl;
+       struct rhash_head *pos;
+       struct btree *b;
+       unsigned i;
+restart:
+       rcu_read_lock();
+       for_each_cached_btree(b, c, tbl, i, pos)
+               if (test_bit(flag, &b->flags)) {
+                       rcu_read_unlock();
+                       wait_on_bit_io(&b->flags, flag, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+                       goto restart;
+
+               }
+       rcu_read_unlock();
+}
+
+void bch2_btree_flush_all_reads(struct bch_fs *c)
+{
+       __bch2_btree_flush_all(c, BTREE_NODE_read_in_flight);
+}
+
+void bch2_btree_flush_all_writes(struct bch_fs *c)
+{
+       __bch2_btree_flush_all(c, BTREE_NODE_write_in_flight);
+}
+
 void bch2_btree_verify_flushed(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
        struct bucket_table *tbl;
@@ -1697,11 +1662,46 @@ void bch2_btree_verify_flushed(struct bch_fs *c)
        unsigned i;
 
        rcu_read_lock();
-       tbl = rht_dereference_rcu(c->btree_cache_table.tbl,
-                                 &c->btree_cache_table);
+       for_each_cached_btree(b, c, tbl, i, pos) {
+               unsigned long flags = READ_ONCE(b->flags);
+
+               BUG_ON((flags & (1 << BTREE_NODE_dirty)) ||
+                      (flags & (1 << BTREE_NODE_write_in_flight)));
+       }
+       rcu_read_unlock();
+}
+
+ssize_t bch2_dirty_btree_nodes_print(struct bch_fs *c, char *buf)
+{
+       struct printbuf out = _PBUF(buf, PAGE_SIZE);
+       struct bucket_table *tbl;
+       struct rhash_head *pos;
+       struct btree *b;
+       unsigned i;
+
+       rcu_read_lock();
+       for_each_cached_btree(b, c, tbl, i, pos) {
+               unsigned long flags = READ_ONCE(b->flags);
+               unsigned idx = (flags & (1 << BTREE_NODE_write_idx)) != 0;
+
+               if (//!(flags & (1 << BTREE_NODE_dirty)) &&
+                   !b->writes[0].wait.list.first &&
+                   !b->writes[1].wait.list.first &&
+                   !(b->will_make_reachable & 1))
+                       continue;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < tbl->size; i++)
-               rht_for_each_entry_rcu(b, pos, tbl, i, hash)
-                       BUG_ON(btree_node_dirty(b));
+               pr_buf(&out, "%p d %u l %u w %u b %u r %u:%lu c %u p %u\n",
+                      b,
+                      (flags & (1 << BTREE_NODE_dirty)) != 0,
+                      b->level,
+                      b->written,
+                      !list_empty_careful(&b->write_blocked),
+                      b->will_make_reachable != 0,
+                      b->will_make_reachable & 1,
+                      b->writes[ idx].wait.list.first != NULL,
+                      b->writes[!idx].wait.list.first != NULL);
+       }
        rcu_read_unlock();
+
+       return out.pos - buf;
 }