]> git.sesse.net Git - bcachefs-tools-debian/blobdiff - libbcachefs/btree_update_interior.c
Update bcachefs sources to 5963d1b1a4 bcacehfs: Fix bch2_get_alloc_in_memory_pos()
[bcachefs-tools-debian] / libbcachefs / btree_update_interior.c
index cf9b9ec4c9d99d4a8d165b3f278e240c93a42023..a4476f1662ea738e0e0e01c0cf5d61b0aea036eb 100644 (file)
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@
 #include <linux/random.h>
 #include <trace/events/bcachefs.h>
 
-static void bch2_btree_insert_node(struct btree_update *, struct btree_trans *,
-                                  struct btree_path *, struct btree *,
-                                  struct keylist *, unsigned);
+static int bch2_btree_insert_node(struct btree_update *, struct btree_trans *,
+                                 struct btree_path *, struct btree *,
+                                 struct keylist *, unsigned);
 static void bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(struct btree_update *, struct btree *);
 
 static struct btree_path *get_unlocked_mut_path(struct btree_trans *trans,
@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@ static struct btree_path *get_unlocked_mut_path(struct btree_trans *trans,
        struct btree_path *path;
 
        path = bch2_path_get(trans, btree_id, pos, level + 1, level,
-                            BTREE_ITER_INTENT, _THIS_IP_);
-       path = bch2_btree_path_make_mut(trans, path, true, _THIS_IP_);
+                            BTREE_ITER_NOPRESERVE|
+                            BTREE_ITER_INTENT, _RET_IP_);
+       path = bch2_btree_path_make_mut(trans, path, true, _RET_IP_);
        bch2_btree_path_downgrade(trans, path);
        __bch2_btree_path_unlock(trans, path);
        return path;
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ static void btree_node_interior_verify(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b)
                        break;
                bp = bkey_s_c_to_btree_ptr_v2(k);
 
-               if (bpos_cmp(next_node, bp.v->min_key)) {
+               if (!bpos_eq(next_node, bp.v->min_key)) {
                        bch2_dump_btree_node(c, b);
                        bch2_bpos_to_text(&buf1, next_node);
                        bch2_bpos_to_text(&buf2, bp.v->min_key);
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ static void btree_node_interior_verify(struct bch_fs *c, struct btree *b)
                bch2_btree_node_iter_advance(&iter, b);
 
                if (bch2_btree_node_iter_end(&iter)) {
-                       if (bpos_cmp(k.k->p, b->key.k.p)) {
+                       if (!bpos_eq(k.k->p, b->key.k.p)) {
                                bch2_dump_btree_node(c, b);
                                bch2_bpos_to_text(&buf1, b->key.k.p);
                                bch2_bpos_to_text(&buf2, k.k->p);
@@ -194,6 +195,43 @@ static void bch2_btree_node_free_inmem(struct btree_trans *trans,
                }
 }
 
+static void bch2_btree_node_free_never_used(struct btree_update *as,
+                                           struct btree_trans *trans,
+                                           struct btree *b)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = as->c;
+       struct prealloc_nodes *p = &as->prealloc_nodes[b->c.lock.readers != NULL];
+       struct btree_path *path;
+       unsigned level = b->c.level;
+
+       BUG_ON(!list_empty(&b->write_blocked));
+       BUG_ON(b->will_make_reachable != (1UL|(unsigned long) as));
+
+       b->will_make_reachable = 0;
+       closure_put(&as->cl);
+
+       clear_btree_node_will_make_reachable(b);
+       clear_btree_node_accessed(b);
+       clear_btree_node_dirty_acct(c, b);
+       clear_btree_node_need_write(b);
+
+       mutex_lock(&c->btree_cache.lock);
+       list_del_init(&b->list);
+       bch2_btree_node_hash_remove(&c->btree_cache, b);
+       mutex_unlock(&c->btree_cache.lock);
+
+       BUG_ON(p->nr >= ARRAY_SIZE(p->b));
+       p->b[p->nr++] = b;
+
+       six_unlock_intent(&b->c.lock);
+
+       trans_for_each_path(trans, path)
+               if (path->l[level].b == b) {
+                       btree_node_unlock(trans, path, level);
+                       path->l[level].b = ERR_PTR(-BCH_ERR_no_btree_node_init);
+               }
+}
+
 static struct btree *__bch2_btree_node_alloc(struct btree_trans *trans,
                                             struct disk_reservation *res,
                                             struct closure *cl,
@@ -208,6 +246,7 @@ static struct btree *__bch2_btree_node_alloc(struct btree_trans *trans,
        struct bch_devs_list devs_have = (struct bch_devs_list) { 0 };
        unsigned nr_reserve;
        enum alloc_reserve alloc_reserve;
+       int ret;
 
        if (flags & BTREE_INSERT_USE_RESERVE) {
                nr_reserve      = 0;
@@ -230,7 +269,7 @@ static struct btree *__bch2_btree_node_alloc(struct btree_trans *trans,
        mutex_unlock(&c->btree_reserve_cache_lock);
 
 retry:
-       wp = bch2_alloc_sectors_start_trans(trans,
+       ret = bch2_alloc_sectors_start_trans(trans,
                                      c->opts.metadata_target ?:
                                      c->opts.foreground_target,
                                      0,
@@ -238,9 +277,9 @@ retry:
                                      &devs_have,
                                      res->nr_replicas,
                                      c->opts.metadata_replicas_required,
-                                     alloc_reserve, 0, cl);
-       if (IS_ERR(wp))
-               return ERR_CAST(wp);
+                                     alloc_reserve, 0, cl, &wp);
+       if (unlikely(ret))
+               return ERR_PTR(ret);
 
        if (wp->sectors_free < btree_sectors(c)) {
                struct open_bucket *ob;
@@ -339,14 +378,19 @@ static void btree_set_max(struct btree *b, struct bpos pos)
        b->data->max_key = pos;
 }
 
-struct btree *__bch2_btree_node_alloc_replacement(struct btree_update *as,
-                                                 struct btree_trans *trans,
-                                                 struct btree *b,
-                                                 struct bkey_format format)
+static struct btree *bch2_btree_node_alloc_replacement(struct btree_update *as,
+                                                      struct btree_trans *trans,
+                                                      struct btree *b)
 {
-       struct btree *n;
+       struct btree *n = bch2_btree_node_alloc(as, trans, b->c.level);
+       struct bkey_format format = bch2_btree_calc_format(b);
 
-       n = bch2_btree_node_alloc(as, trans, b->c.level);
+       /*
+        * The keys might expand with the new format - if they wouldn't fit in
+        * the btree node anymore, use the old format for now:
+        */
+       if (!bch2_btree_node_format_fits(as->c, b, &format))
+               format = b->format;
 
        SET_BTREE_NODE_SEQ(n->data, BTREE_NODE_SEQ(b->data) + 1);
 
@@ -359,27 +403,9 @@ struct btree *__bch2_btree_node_alloc_replacement(struct btree_update *as,
        bch2_btree_sort_into(as->c, n, b);
 
        btree_node_reset_sib_u64s(n);
-
-       n->key.k.p = b->key.k.p;
        return n;
 }
 
-static struct btree *bch2_btree_node_alloc_replacement(struct btree_update *as,
-                                                      struct btree_trans *trans,
-                                                      struct btree *b)
-{
-       struct bkey_format new_f = bch2_btree_calc_format(b);
-
-       /*
-        * The keys might expand with the new format - if they wouldn't fit in
-        * the btree node anymore, use the old format for now:
-        */
-       if (!bch2_btree_node_format_fits(as->c, b, &new_f))
-               new_f = b->format;
-
-       return __bch2_btree_node_alloc_replacement(as, trans, b, new_f);
-}
-
 static struct btree *__btree_root_alloc(struct btree_update *as,
                                struct btree_trans *trans, unsigned level)
 {
@@ -392,9 +418,6 @@ static struct btree *__btree_root_alloc(struct btree_update *as,
        btree_node_set_format(b, b->data->format);
        bch2_btree_build_aux_trees(b);
 
-       bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, b);
-       six_unlock_write(&b->c.lock);
-
        return b;
 }
 
@@ -630,7 +653,7 @@ static void btree_update_nodes_written(struct btree_update *as)
        bch2_trans_unlock(&trans);
 
        bch2_fs_fatal_err_on(ret && !bch2_journal_error(&c->journal), c,
-                            "error %i in btree_update_nodes_written()", ret);
+                            "%s(): error %s", __func__, bch2_err_str(ret));
 err:
        if (as->b) {
                struct btree_path *path;
@@ -649,6 +672,17 @@ err:
                 * we're in journal error state:
                 */
 
+               /*
+                * Ensure transaction is unlocked before using
+                * btree_node_lock_nopath() (the use of which is always suspect,
+                * we need to work on removing this in the future)
+                *
+                * It should be, but get_unlocked_mut_path() -> bch2_path_get()
+                * calls bch2_path_upgrade(), before we call path_make_mut(), so
+                * we may rarely end up with a locked path besides the one we
+                * have here:
+                */
+               bch2_trans_unlock(&trans);
                btree_node_lock_nopath_nofail(&trans, &b->c, SIX_LOCK_intent);
                mark_btree_node_locked(&trans, path, b->c.level, SIX_LOCK_intent);
                bch2_btree_path_level_init(&trans, path, b);
@@ -847,6 +881,14 @@ static void bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(struct btree_update *as, struct btree
        mutex_unlock(&c->btree_interior_update_lock);
 
        btree_update_add_key(as, &as->new_keys, b);
+
+       if (b->key.k.type == KEY_TYPE_btree_ptr_v2) {
+               unsigned bytes = vstruct_end(&b->data->keys) - (void *) b->data;
+               unsigned sectors = round_up(bytes, block_bytes(c)) >> 9;
+
+               bkey_i_to_btree_ptr_v2(&b->key)->v.sectors_written =
+                       cpu_to_le16(sectors);
+       }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1014,23 +1056,23 @@ bch2_btree_update_start(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_path *path,
                nr_nodes[!!update_level] += 1 + split;
                update_level++;
 
-               if (!btree_path_node(path, update_level))
-                       break;
+               ret = bch2_btree_path_upgrade(trans, path, update_level + 1);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ERR_PTR(ret);
 
-               /*
-                * XXX: figure out how far we might need to split,
-                * instead of locking/reserving all the way to the root:
-                */
-               split = update_level + 1 < BTREE_MAX_DEPTH;
-       }
+               if (!btree_path_node(path, update_level)) {
+                       /* Allocating new root? */
+                       nr_nodes[1] += split;
+                       update_level = BTREE_MAX_DEPTH;
+                       break;
+               }
 
-       /* Might have to allocate a new root: */
-       if (update_level < BTREE_MAX_DEPTH)
-               nr_nodes[1] += 1;
+               if (bch2_btree_node_insert_fits(c, path->l[update_level].b,
+                                       BKEY_BTREE_PTR_U64s_MAX * (1 + split)))
+                       break;
 
-       ret = bch2_btree_path_upgrade(trans, path, U8_MAX);
-       if (ret)
-               return ERR_PTR(ret);
+               split = true;
+       }
 
        if (flags & BTREE_INSERT_GC_LOCK_HELD)
                lockdep_assert_held(&c->gc_lock);
@@ -1052,6 +1094,7 @@ bch2_btree_update_start(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_path *path,
        as->mode        = BTREE_INTERIOR_NO_UPDATE;
        as->took_gc_lock = !(flags & BTREE_INSERT_GC_LOCK_HELD);
        as->btree_id    = path->btree_id;
+       as->update_level = update_level;
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&as->list);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&as->unwritten_list);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&as->write_blocked_list);
@@ -1123,7 +1166,8 @@ bch2_btree_update_start(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_path *path,
        }
 
        if (ret) {
-               trace_and_count(c, btree_reserve_get_fail, trans->fn, _RET_IP_, nr_nodes[0] + nr_nodes[1]);
+               trace_and_count(c, btree_reserve_get_fail, trans->fn,
+                               _RET_IP_, nr_nodes[0] + nr_nodes[1], ret);
                goto err;
        }
 
@@ -1179,7 +1223,6 @@ static void bch2_btree_set_root(struct btree_update *as,
        struct btree *old;
 
        trace_and_count(c, btree_node_set_root, c, b);
-       BUG_ON(!b->written);
 
        old = btree_node_root(c, b);
 
@@ -1215,6 +1258,7 @@ static void bch2_insert_fixup_btree_ptr(struct btree_update *as,
        struct bch_fs *c = as->c;
        struct bkey_packed *k;
        struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
+       unsigned long old, new, v;
 
        BUG_ON(insert->k.type == KEY_TYPE_btree_ptr_v2 &&
               !btree_ptr_sectors_written(insert));
@@ -1252,7 +1296,15 @@ static void bch2_insert_fixup_btree_ptr(struct btree_update *as,
 
        bch2_btree_bset_insert_key(trans, path, b, node_iter, insert);
        set_btree_node_dirty_acct(c, b);
-       set_btree_node_need_write(b);
+
+       v = READ_ONCE(b->flags);
+       do {
+               old = new = v;
+
+               new &= ~BTREE_WRITE_TYPE_MASK;
+               new |= BTREE_WRITE_interior;
+               new |= 1 << BTREE_NODE_need_write;
+       } while ((v = cmpxchg(&b->flags, old, new)) != old);
 
        printbuf_exit(&buf);
 }
@@ -1275,8 +1327,12 @@ __bch2_btree_insert_keys_interior(struct btree_update *as,
                ;
 
        while (!bch2_keylist_empty(keys)) {
-               bch2_insert_fixup_btree_ptr(as, trans, path, b,
-                               &node_iter, bch2_keylist_front(keys));
+               struct bkey_i *k = bch2_keylist_front(keys);
+
+               if (bpos_gt(k->k.p, b->key.k.p))
+                       break;
+
+               bch2_insert_fixup_btree_ptr(as, trans, path, b, &node_iter, k);
                bch2_keylist_pop_front(keys);
        }
 }
@@ -1285,111 +1341,91 @@ __bch2_btree_insert_keys_interior(struct btree_update *as,
  * Move keys from n1 (original replacement node, now lower node) to n2 (higher
  * node)
  */
-static struct btree *__btree_split_node(struct btree_update *as,
-                                       struct btree_trans *trans,
-                                       struct btree *n1)
+static void __btree_split_node(struct btree_update *as,
+                              struct btree_trans *trans,
+                              struct btree *b,
+                              struct btree *n[2])
 {
-       struct bkey_format_state s;
-       size_t nr_packed = 0, nr_unpacked = 0;
-       struct btree *n2;
-       struct bset *set1, *set2;
-       struct bkey_packed *k, *set2_start, *set2_end, *out, *prev = NULL;
-       struct bpos n1_pos;
-
-       n2 = bch2_btree_node_alloc(as, trans, n1->c.level);
+       struct bkey_packed *k;
+       struct bpos n1_pos = POS_MIN;
+       struct btree_node_iter iter;
+       struct bset *bsets[2];
+       struct bkey_format_state format[2];
+       struct bkey_packed *out[2];
+       struct bkey uk;
+       unsigned u64s, n1_u64s = (b->nr.live_u64s * 3) / 5;
+       int i;
 
-       n2->data->max_key       = n1->data->max_key;
-       n2->data->format        = n1->format;
-       SET_BTREE_NODE_SEQ(n2->data, BTREE_NODE_SEQ(n1->data));
-       n2->key.k.p = n1->key.k.p;
+       for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+               BUG_ON(n[i]->nsets != 1);
 
-       bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n2);
+               bsets[i] = btree_bset_first(n[i]);
+               out[i] = bsets[i]->start;
 
-       set1 = btree_bset_first(n1);
-       set2 = btree_bset_first(n2);
+               SET_BTREE_NODE_SEQ(n[i]->data, BTREE_NODE_SEQ(b->data) + 1);
+               bch2_bkey_format_init(&format[i]);
+       }
 
-       /*
-        * Has to be a linear search because we don't have an auxiliary
-        * search tree yet
-        */
-       k = set1->start;
-       while (1) {
-               struct bkey_packed *n = bkey_next(k);
+       u64s = 0;
+       for_each_btree_node_key(b, k, &iter) {
+               if (bkey_deleted(k))
+                       continue;
+
+               i = u64s >= n1_u64s;
+               u64s += k->u64s;
+               uk = bkey_unpack_key(b, k);
+               if (!i)
+                       n1_pos = uk.p;
+               bch2_bkey_format_add_key(&format[i], &uk);
+       }
 
-               if (n == vstruct_last(set1))
-                       break;
-               if (k->_data - set1->_data >= (le16_to_cpu(set1->u64s) * 3) / 5)
-                       break;
+       btree_set_min(n[0], b->data->min_key);
+       btree_set_max(n[0], n1_pos);
+       btree_set_min(n[1], bpos_successor(n1_pos));
+       btree_set_max(n[1], b->data->max_key);
 
-               if (bkey_packed(k))
-                       nr_packed++;
-               else
-                       nr_unpacked++;
+       for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+               bch2_bkey_format_add_pos(&format[i], n[i]->data->min_key);
+               bch2_bkey_format_add_pos(&format[i], n[i]->data->max_key);
 
-               prev = k;
-               k = n;
+               n[i]->data->format = bch2_bkey_format_done(&format[i]);
+               btree_node_set_format(n[i], n[i]->data->format);
        }
 
-       BUG_ON(!prev);
-       set2_start      = k;
-       set2_end        = vstruct_last(set1);
-
-       set1->u64s = cpu_to_le16((u64 *) set2_start - set1->_data);
-       set_btree_bset_end(n1, n1->set);
+       u64s = 0;
+       for_each_btree_node_key(b, k, &iter) {
+               if (bkey_deleted(k))
+                       continue;
 
-       n1->nr.live_u64s        = le16_to_cpu(set1->u64s);
-       n1->nr.bset_u64s[0]     = le16_to_cpu(set1->u64s);
-       n1->nr.packed_keys      = nr_packed;
-       n1->nr.unpacked_keys    = nr_unpacked;
+               i = u64s >= n1_u64s;
+               u64s += k->u64s;
 
-       n1_pos = bkey_unpack_pos(n1, prev);
-       if (as->c->sb.version < bcachefs_metadata_version_snapshot)
-               n1_pos.snapshot = U32_MAX;
-
-       btree_set_max(n1, n1_pos);
-       btree_set_min(n2, bpos_successor(n1->key.k.p));
+               if (bch2_bkey_transform(&n[i]->format, out[i], bkey_packed(k)
+                                       ? &b->format: &bch2_bkey_format_current, k))
+                       out[i]->format = KEY_FORMAT_LOCAL_BTREE;
+               else
+                       bch2_bkey_unpack(b, (void *) out[i], k);
 
-       bch2_bkey_format_init(&s);
-       bch2_bkey_format_add_pos(&s, n2->data->min_key);
-       bch2_bkey_format_add_pos(&s, n2->data->max_key);
+               out[i]->needs_whiteout = false;
 
-       for (k = set2_start; k != set2_end; k = bkey_next(k)) {
-               struct bkey uk = bkey_unpack_key(n1, k);
-               bch2_bkey_format_add_key(&s, &uk);
+               btree_keys_account_key_add(&n[i]->nr, 0, out[i]);
+               out[i] = bkey_next(out[i]);
        }
 
-       n2->data->format = bch2_bkey_format_done(&s);
-       btree_node_set_format(n2, n2->data->format);
+       for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+               bsets[i]->u64s = cpu_to_le16((u64 *) out[i] - bsets[i]->_data);
 
-       out = set2->start;
-       memset(&n2->nr, 0, sizeof(n2->nr));
+               BUG_ON(!bsets[i]->u64s);
 
-       for (k = set2_start; k != set2_end; k = bkey_next(k)) {
-               BUG_ON(!bch2_bkey_transform(&n2->format, out, bkey_packed(k)
-                                      ? &n1->format : &bch2_bkey_format_current, k));
-               out->format = KEY_FORMAT_LOCAL_BTREE;
-               btree_keys_account_key_add(&n2->nr, 0, out);
-               out = bkey_next(out);
-       }
-
-       set2->u64s = cpu_to_le16((u64 *) out - set2->_data);
-       set_btree_bset_end(n2, n2->set);
-
-       BUG_ON(!set1->u64s);
-       BUG_ON(!set2->u64s);
+               set_btree_bset_end(n[i], n[i]->set);
 
-       btree_node_reset_sib_u64s(n1);
-       btree_node_reset_sib_u64s(n2);
+               btree_node_reset_sib_u64s(n[i]);
 
-       bch2_verify_btree_nr_keys(n1);
-       bch2_verify_btree_nr_keys(n2);
+               bch2_verify_btree_nr_keys(n[i]);
 
-       if (n1->c.level) {
-               btree_node_interior_verify(as->c, n1);
-               btree_node_interior_verify(as->c, n2);
+               if (b->c.level)
+                       btree_node_interior_verify(as->c, n[i]);
        }
-
-       return n2;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1409,70 +1445,55 @@ static void btree_split_insert_keys(struct btree_update *as,
                                    struct btree *b,
                                    struct keylist *keys)
 {
-       struct btree_node_iter node_iter;
-       struct bkey_i *k = bch2_keylist_front(keys);
-       struct bkey_packed *src, *dst, *n;
-       struct bset *i;
+       if (!bch2_keylist_empty(keys) &&
+           bpos_le(bch2_keylist_front(keys)->k.p, b->data->max_key)) {
+               struct btree_node_iter node_iter;
 
-       bch2_btree_node_iter_init(&node_iter, b, &k->k.p);
+               bch2_btree_node_iter_init(&node_iter, b, &bch2_keylist_front(keys)->k.p);
 
-       __bch2_btree_insert_keys_interior(as, trans, path, b, node_iter, keys);
+               __bch2_btree_insert_keys_interior(as, trans, path, b, node_iter, keys);
 
-       /*
-        * We can't tolerate whiteouts here - with whiteouts there can be
-        * duplicate keys, and it would be rather bad if we picked a duplicate
-        * for the pivot:
-        */
-       i = btree_bset_first(b);
-       src = dst = i->start;
-       while (src != vstruct_last(i)) {
-               n = bkey_next(src);
-               if (!bkey_deleted(src)) {
-                       memmove_u64s_down(dst, src, src->u64s);
-                       dst = bkey_next(dst);
-               }
-               src = n;
+               btree_node_interior_verify(as->c, b);
        }
-
-       /* Also clear out the unwritten whiteouts area: */
-       b->whiteout_u64s = 0;
-
-       i->u64s = cpu_to_le16((u64 *) dst - i->_data);
-       set_btree_bset_end(b, b->set);
-
-       BUG_ON(b->nsets != 1 ||
-              b->nr.live_u64s != le16_to_cpu(btree_bset_first(b)->u64s));
-
-       btree_node_interior_verify(as->c, b);
 }
 
-static void btree_split(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
-                       struct btree_path *path, struct btree *b,
-                       struct keylist *keys, unsigned flags)
+static int btree_split(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
+                      struct btree_path *path, struct btree *b,
+                      struct keylist *keys, unsigned flags)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = as->c;
        struct btree *parent = btree_node_parent(path, b);
        struct btree *n1, *n2 = NULL, *n3 = NULL;
        struct btree_path *path1 = NULL, *path2 = NULL;
        u64 start_time = local_clock();
+       int ret = 0;
 
        BUG_ON(!parent && (b != btree_node_root(c, b)));
-       BUG_ON(!btree_node_intent_locked(path, btree_node_root(c, b)->c.level));
+       BUG_ON(parent && !btree_node_intent_locked(path, b->c.level + 1));
 
        bch2_btree_interior_update_will_free_node(as, b);
 
-       n1 = bch2_btree_node_alloc_replacement(as, trans, b);
+       if (b->nr.live_u64s > BTREE_SPLIT_THRESHOLD(c)) {
+               struct btree *n[2];
 
-       if (keys)
-               btree_split_insert_keys(as, trans, path, n1, keys);
-
-       if (bset_u64s(&n1->set[0]) > BTREE_SPLIT_THRESHOLD(c)) {
                trace_and_count(c, btree_node_split, c, b);
 
-               n2 = __btree_split_node(as, trans, n1);
+               n[0] = n1 = bch2_btree_node_alloc(as, trans, b->c.level);
+               n[1] = n2 = bch2_btree_node_alloc(as, trans, b->c.level);
+
+               __btree_split_node(as, trans, b, n);
+
+               if (keys) {
+                       btree_split_insert_keys(as, trans, path, n1, keys);
+                       btree_split_insert_keys(as, trans, path, n2, keys);
+                       BUG_ON(!bch2_keylist_empty(keys));
+               }
 
                bch2_btree_build_aux_trees(n2);
                bch2_btree_build_aux_trees(n1);
+
+               bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n1);
+               bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n2);
                six_unlock_write(&n2->c.lock);
                six_unlock_write(&n1->c.lock);
 
@@ -1486,11 +1507,6 @@ static void btree_split(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
                mark_btree_node_locked(trans, path2, n2->c.level, SIX_LOCK_intent);
                bch2_btree_path_level_init(trans, path2, n2);
 
-               bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n1);
-
-               bch2_btree_node_write(c, n1, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
-               bch2_btree_node_write(c, n2, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
-
                /*
                 * Note that on recursive parent_keys == keys, so we
                 * can't start adding new keys to parent_keys before emptying it
@@ -1503,6 +1519,9 @@ static void btree_split(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
                        /* Depth increases, make a new root */
                        n3 = __btree_root_alloc(as, trans, b->c.level + 1);
 
+                       bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n3);
+                       six_unlock_write(&n3->c.lock);
+
                        path2->locks_want++;
                        BUG_ON(btree_node_locked(path2, n3->c.level));
                        six_lock_increment(&n3->c.lock, SIX_LOCK_intent);
@@ -1513,13 +1532,19 @@ static void btree_split(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
                        n3->sib_u64s[1] = U16_MAX;
 
                        btree_split_insert_keys(as, trans, path, n3, &as->parent_keys);
-
-                       bch2_btree_node_write(c, n3, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
                }
        } else {
                trace_and_count(c, btree_node_compact, c, b);
 
+               n1 = bch2_btree_node_alloc_replacement(as, trans, b);
+
+               if (keys) {
+                       btree_split_insert_keys(as, trans, path, n1, keys);
+                       BUG_ON(!bch2_keylist_empty(keys));
+               }
+
                bch2_btree_build_aux_trees(n1);
+               bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n1);
                six_unlock_write(&n1->c.lock);
 
                path1 = get_unlocked_mut_path(trans, path->btree_id, n1->c.level, n1->key.k.p);
@@ -1527,10 +1552,6 @@ static void btree_split(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
                mark_btree_node_locked(trans, path1, n1->c.level, SIX_LOCK_intent);
                bch2_btree_path_level_init(trans, path1, n1);
 
-               bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n1);
-
-               bch2_btree_node_write(c, n1, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
-
                if (parent)
                        bch2_keylist_add(&as->parent_keys, &n1->key);
        }
@@ -1539,7 +1560,9 @@ static void btree_split(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
 
        if (parent) {
                /* Split a non root node */
-               bch2_btree_insert_node(as, trans, path, parent, &as->parent_keys, flags);
+               ret = bch2_btree_insert_node(as, trans, path, parent, &as->parent_keys, flags);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto err;
        } else if (n3) {
                bch2_btree_set_root(as, trans, path, n3);
        } else {
@@ -1547,11 +1570,16 @@ static void btree_split(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
                bch2_btree_set_root(as, trans, path, n1);
        }
 
-       bch2_btree_update_get_open_buckets(as, n1);
-       if (n2)
-               bch2_btree_update_get_open_buckets(as, n2);
-       if (n3)
+       if (n3) {
                bch2_btree_update_get_open_buckets(as, n3);
+               bch2_btree_node_write(c, n3, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
+       }
+       if (n2) {
+               bch2_btree_update_get_open_buckets(as, n2);
+               bch2_btree_node_write(c, n2, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
+       }
+       bch2_btree_update_get_open_buckets(as, n1);
+       bch2_btree_node_write(c, n1, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
 
        /*
         * The old node must be freed (in memory) _before_ unlocking the new
@@ -1572,7 +1600,7 @@ static void btree_split(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
        if (n2)
                six_unlock_intent(&n2->c.lock);
        six_unlock_intent(&n1->c.lock);
-
+out:
        if (path2) {
                __bch2_btree_path_unlock(trans, path2);
                bch2_path_put(trans, path2, true);
@@ -1588,6 +1616,14 @@ static void btree_split(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
                               ? BCH_TIME_btree_node_split
                               : BCH_TIME_btree_node_compact],
                               start_time);
+       return ret;
+err:
+       if (n3)
+               bch2_btree_node_free_never_used(as, trans, n3);
+       if (n2)
+               bch2_btree_node_free_never_used(as, trans, n2);
+       bch2_btree_node_free_never_used(as, trans, n1);
+       goto out;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -1622,22 +1658,30 @@ bch2_btree_insert_keys_interior(struct btree_update *as,
  * If a split occurred, this function will return early. This can only happen
  * for leaf nodes -- inserts into interior nodes have to be atomic.
  */
-static void bch2_btree_insert_node(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
-                                  struct btree_path *path, struct btree *b,
-                                  struct keylist *keys, unsigned flags)
+static int bch2_btree_insert_node(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *trans,
+                                 struct btree_path *path, struct btree *b,
+                                 struct keylist *keys, unsigned flags)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = as->c;
        int old_u64s = le16_to_cpu(btree_bset_last(b)->u64s);
        int old_live_u64s = b->nr.live_u64s;
        int live_u64s_added, u64s_added;
+       int ret;
 
        lockdep_assert_held(&c->gc_lock);
-       BUG_ON(!btree_node_intent_locked(path, btree_node_root(c, b)->c.level));
+       BUG_ON(!btree_node_intent_locked(path, b->c.level));
        BUG_ON(!b->c.level);
        BUG_ON(!as || as->b);
        bch2_verify_keylist_sorted(keys);
 
-       bch2_btree_node_lock_for_insert(trans, path, b);
+       if (!(local_clock() & 63))
+               return btree_trans_restart(trans, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart_split_race);
+
+       ret = bch2_btree_node_lock_write(trans, path, &b->c);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+
+       bch2_btree_node_prep_for_write(trans, path, b);
 
        if (!bch2_btree_node_insert_fits(c, b, bch2_keylist_u64s(keys))) {
                bch2_btree_node_unlock_write(trans, path, b);
@@ -1663,9 +1707,16 @@ static void bch2_btree_insert_node(struct btree_update *as, struct btree_trans *
        bch2_btree_node_unlock_write(trans, path, b);
 
        btree_node_interior_verify(c, b);
-       return;
+       return 0;
 split:
-       btree_split(as, trans, path, b, keys, flags);
+       /*
+        * We could attempt to avoid the transaction restart, by calling
+        * bch2_btree_path_upgrade() and allocating more nodes:
+        */
+       if (b->c.level >= as->update_level)
+               return btree_trans_restart(trans, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart_split_race);
+
+       return btree_split(as, trans, path, b, keys, flags);
 }
 
 int bch2_btree_split_leaf(struct btree_trans *trans,
@@ -1682,10 +1733,15 @@ int bch2_btree_split_leaf(struct btree_trans *trans,
        if (IS_ERR(as))
                return PTR_ERR(as);
 
-       btree_split(as, trans, path, b, NULL, flags);
+       ret = btree_split(as, trans, path, b, NULL, flags);
+       if (ret) {
+               bch2_btree_update_free(as, trans);
+               return ret;
+       }
+
        bch2_btree_update_done(as, trans);
 
-       for (l = path->level + 1; btree_path_node(path, l) && !ret; l++)
+       for (l = path->level + 1; btree_node_intent_locked(path, l) && !ret; l++)
                ret = bch2_foreground_maybe_merge(trans, path, l, flags);
 
        return ret;
@@ -1714,8 +1770,8 @@ int __bch2_foreground_maybe_merge(struct btree_trans *trans,
 
        b = path->l[level].b;
 
-       if ((sib == btree_prev_sib && !bpos_cmp(b->data->min_key, POS_MIN)) ||
-           (sib == btree_next_sib && !bpos_cmp(b->data->max_key, SPOS_MAX))) {
+       if ((sib == btree_prev_sib && bpos_eq(b->data->min_key, POS_MIN)) ||
+           (sib == btree_next_sib && bpos_eq(b->data->max_key, SPOS_MAX))) {
                b->sib_u64s[sib] = U16_MAX;
                return 0;
        }
@@ -1748,16 +1804,16 @@ int __bch2_foreground_maybe_merge(struct btree_trans *trans,
                next = m;
        }
 
-       if (bkey_cmp(bpos_successor(prev->data->max_key), next->data->min_key)) {
+       if (!bpos_eq(bpos_successor(prev->data->max_key), next->data->min_key)) {
                struct printbuf buf1 = PRINTBUF, buf2 = PRINTBUF;
 
                bch2_bpos_to_text(&buf1, prev->data->max_key);
                bch2_bpos_to_text(&buf2, next->data->min_key);
                bch_err(c,
-                       "btree topology error in btree merge:\n"
+                       "%s(): btree topology error:\n"
                        "  prev ends at   %s\n"
                        "  next starts at %s",
-                       buf1.buf, buf2.buf);
+                       __func__, buf1.buf, buf2.buf);
                printbuf_exit(&buf1);
                printbuf_exit(&buf2);
                bch2_topology_error(c);
@@ -1811,8 +1867,6 @@ int __bch2_foreground_maybe_merge(struct btree_trans *trans,
        btree_set_min(n, prev->data->min_key);
        btree_set_max(n, next->data->max_key);
 
-       bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n);
-
        n->data->format  = new_f;
        btree_node_set_format(n, new_f);
 
@@ -1820,6 +1874,7 @@ int __bch2_foreground_maybe_merge(struct btree_trans *trans,
        bch2_btree_sort_into(c, n, next);
 
        bch2_btree_build_aux_trees(n);
+       bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n);
        six_unlock_write(&n->c.lock);
 
        new_path = get_unlocked_mut_path(trans, path->btree_id, n->c.level, n->key.k.p);
@@ -1827,8 +1882,6 @@ int __bch2_foreground_maybe_merge(struct btree_trans *trans,
        mark_btree_node_locked(trans, new_path, n->c.level, SIX_LOCK_intent);
        bch2_btree_path_level_init(trans, new_path, n);
 
-       bch2_btree_node_write(c, n, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
-
        bkey_init(&delete.k);
        delete.k.p = prev->key.k.p;
        bch2_keylist_add(&as->parent_keys, &delete);
@@ -1836,11 +1889,14 @@ int __bch2_foreground_maybe_merge(struct btree_trans *trans,
 
        bch2_trans_verify_paths(trans);
 
-       bch2_btree_insert_node(as, trans, path, parent, &as->parent_keys, flags);
+       ret = bch2_btree_insert_node(as, trans, path, parent, &as->parent_keys, flags);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err_free_update;
 
        bch2_trans_verify_paths(trans);
 
        bch2_btree_update_get_open_buckets(as, n);
+       bch2_btree_node_write(c, n, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
 
        bch2_btree_node_free_inmem(trans, path, b);
        bch2_btree_node_free_inmem(trans, sib_path, m);
@@ -1861,6 +1917,10 @@ err:
        bch2_path_put(trans, sib_path, true);
        bch2_trans_verify_locks(trans);
        return ret;
+err_free_update:
+       bch2_btree_node_free_never_used(as, trans, n);
+       bch2_btree_update_free(as, trans);
+       goto out;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1889,9 +1949,9 @@ int bch2_btree_node_rewrite(struct btree_trans *trans,
        bch2_btree_interior_update_will_free_node(as, b);
 
        n = bch2_btree_node_alloc_replacement(as, trans, b);
-       bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n);
 
        bch2_btree_build_aux_trees(n);
+       bch2_btree_update_add_new_node(as, n);
        six_unlock_write(&n->c.lock);
 
        new_path = get_unlocked_mut_path(trans, iter->btree_id, n->c.level, n->key.k.p);
@@ -1901,17 +1961,18 @@ int bch2_btree_node_rewrite(struct btree_trans *trans,
 
        trace_and_count(c, btree_node_rewrite, c, b);
 
-       bch2_btree_node_write(c, n, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
-
        if (parent) {
                bch2_keylist_add(&as->parent_keys, &n->key);
-               bch2_btree_insert_node(as, trans, iter->path, parent,
-                                      &as->parent_keys, flags);
+               ret = bch2_btree_insert_node(as, trans, iter->path, parent,
+                                            &as->parent_keys, flags);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto err;
        } else {
                bch2_btree_set_root(as, trans, iter->path, n);
        }
 
        bch2_btree_update_get_open_buckets(as, n);
+       bch2_btree_node_write(c, n, SIX_LOCK_intent, 0);
 
        bch2_btree_node_free_inmem(trans, iter->path, b);
 
@@ -1919,10 +1980,15 @@ int bch2_btree_node_rewrite(struct btree_trans *trans,
        six_unlock_intent(&n->c.lock);
 
        bch2_btree_update_done(as, trans);
-       bch2_path_put(trans, new_path, true);
 out:
+       if (new_path)
+               bch2_path_put(trans, new_path, true);
        bch2_btree_path_downgrade(trans, iter->path);
        return ret;
+err:
+       bch2_btree_node_free_never_used(as, trans, n);
+       bch2_btree_update_free(as, trans);
+       goto out;
 }
 
 struct async_btree_rewrite {
@@ -1952,7 +2018,7 @@ static int async_btree_node_rewrite_trans(struct btree_trans *trans,
                goto out;
 
        ret = bch2_btree_node_rewrite(trans, &iter, b, 0);
-out :
+out:
        bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
 
        return ret;
@@ -2032,7 +2098,7 @@ static int __bch2_btree_node_update_key(struct btree_trans *trans,
                                _THIS_IP_);
 
                BUG_ON(iter2.path->level != b->c.level);
-               BUG_ON(bpos_cmp(iter2.path->pos, new_key->k.p));
+               BUG_ON(!bpos_eq(iter2.path->pos, new_key->k.p));
 
                btree_path_set_level_up(trans, iter2.path);