]> git.sesse.net Git - bcachefs-tools-debian/blobdiff - libbcachefs/buckets.c
Update bcachefs sources to c3e4d892b77b mean and variance: Promote to lib/math
[bcachefs-tools-debian] / libbcachefs / buckets.c
index 9513ee347c01ca72febf0954c01bd44bfc16e0a2..312bd0c86623402d6be837df1fe8298a71dfd5c6 100644 (file)
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "bcachefs.h"
 #include "alloc_background.h"
+#include "backpointers.h"
 #include "bset.h"
 #include "btree_gc.h"
 #include "btree_update.h"
@@ -20,9 +21,9 @@
 #include "reflink.h"
 #include "replicas.h"
 #include "subvolume.h"
+#include "trace.h"
 
 #include <linux/preempt.h>
-#include <trace/events/bcachefs.h>
 
 static inline void fs_usage_data_type_to_base(struct bch_fs_usage *fs_usage,
                                              enum bch_data_type data_type,
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ void bch2_fs_usage_initialize(struct bch_fs *c)
                usage->reserved += usage->persistent_reserved[i];
 
        for (i = 0; i < c->replicas.nr; i++) {
-               struct bch_replicas_entry *e =
+               struct bch_replicas_entry_v1 *e =
                        cpu_replicas_entry(&c->replicas, i);
 
                fs_usage_data_type_to_base(usage, e->data_type, usage->replicas[i]);
@@ -88,32 +89,17 @@ static inline struct bch_dev_usage *dev_usage_ptr(struct bch_dev *ca,
                            : ca->usage[journal_seq & JOURNAL_BUF_MASK]);
 }
 
-struct bch_dev_usage bch2_dev_usage_read(struct bch_dev *ca)
+void bch2_dev_usage_read_fast(struct bch_dev *ca, struct bch_dev_usage *usage)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = ca->fs;
-       struct bch_dev_usage ret;
        unsigned seq, i, u64s = dev_usage_u64s();
 
        do {
                seq = read_seqcount_begin(&c->usage_lock);
-               memcpy(&ret, ca->usage_base, u64s * sizeof(u64));
+               memcpy(usage, ca->usage_base, u64s * sizeof(u64));
                for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ca->usage); i++)
-                       acc_u64s_percpu((u64 *) &ret, (u64 __percpu *) ca->usage[i], u64s);
+                       acc_u64s_percpu((u64 *) usage, (u64 __percpu *) ca->usage[i], u64s);
        } while (read_seqcount_retry(&c->usage_lock, seq));
-
-       return ret;
-}
-
-static inline struct bch_fs_usage *fs_usage_ptr(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                               unsigned journal_seq,
-                                               bool gc)
-{
-       percpu_rwsem_assert_held(&c->mark_lock);
-       BUG_ON(!gc && !journal_seq);
-
-       return this_cpu_ptr(gc
-                           ? c->usage_gc
-                           : c->usage[journal_seq & JOURNAL_BUF_MASK]);
 }
 
 u64 bch2_fs_usage_read_one(struct bch_fs *c, u64 *v)
@@ -139,25 +125,32 @@ u64 bch2_fs_usage_read_one(struct bch_fs *c, u64 *v)
 struct bch_fs_usage_online *bch2_fs_usage_read(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
        struct bch_fs_usage_online *ret;
-       unsigned seq, i, u64s;
+       unsigned nr_replicas = READ_ONCE(c->replicas.nr);
+       unsigned seq, i;
+retry:
+       ret = kmalloc(__fs_usage_online_u64s(nr_replicas) * sizeof(u64), GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (unlikely(!ret))
+               return NULL;
 
        percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
 
-       ret = kmalloc(sizeof(struct bch_fs_usage_online) +
-                     sizeof(u64) * c->replicas.nr, GFP_NOFS);
-       if (unlikely(!ret)) {
+       if (nr_replicas != c->replicas.nr) {
+               nr_replicas = c->replicas.nr;
                percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
-               return NULL;
+               kfree(ret);
+               goto retry;
        }
 
        ret->online_reserved = percpu_u64_get(c->online_reserved);
 
-       u64s = fs_usage_u64s(c);
        do {
                seq = read_seqcount_begin(&c->usage_lock);
-               memcpy(&ret->u, c->usage_base, u64s * sizeof(u64));
+               unsafe_memcpy(&ret->u, c->usage_base,
+                             __fs_usage_u64s(nr_replicas) * sizeof(u64),
+                             "embedded variable length struct");
                for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(c->usage); i++)
-                       acc_u64s_percpu((u64 *) &ret->u, (u64 __percpu *) c->usage[i], u64s);
+                       acc_u64s_percpu((u64 *) &ret->u, (u64 __percpu *) c->usage[i],
+                                       __fs_usage_u64s(nr_replicas));
        } while (read_seqcount_retry(&c->usage_lock, seq));
 
        return ret;
@@ -197,36 +190,36 @@ void bch2_fs_usage_to_text(struct printbuf *out,
 {
        unsigned i;
 
-       pr_buf(out, "capacity:\t\t\t%llu\n", c->capacity);
+       prt_printf(out, "capacity:\t\t\t%llu\n", c->capacity);
 
-       pr_buf(out, "hidden:\t\t\t\t%llu\n",
+       prt_printf(out, "hidden:\t\t\t\t%llu\n",
               fs_usage->u.hidden);
-       pr_buf(out, "data:\t\t\t\t%llu\n",
+       prt_printf(out, "data:\t\t\t\t%llu\n",
               fs_usage->u.data);
-       pr_buf(out, "cached:\t\t\t\t%llu\n",
+       prt_printf(out, "cached:\t\t\t\t%llu\n",
               fs_usage->u.cached);
-       pr_buf(out, "reserved:\t\t\t%llu\n",
+       prt_printf(out, "reserved:\t\t\t%llu\n",
               fs_usage->u.reserved);
-       pr_buf(out, "nr_inodes:\t\t\t%llu\n",
+       prt_printf(out, "nr_inodes:\t\t\t%llu\n",
               fs_usage->u.nr_inodes);
-       pr_buf(out, "online reserved:\t\t%llu\n",
+       prt_printf(out, "online reserved:\t\t%llu\n",
               fs_usage->online_reserved);
 
        for (i = 0;
             i < ARRAY_SIZE(fs_usage->u.persistent_reserved);
             i++) {
-               pr_buf(out, "%u replicas:\n", i + 1);
-               pr_buf(out, "\treserved:\t\t%llu\n",
+               prt_printf(out, "%u replicas:\n", i + 1);
+               prt_printf(out, "\treserved:\t\t%llu\n",
                       fs_usage->u.persistent_reserved[i]);
        }
 
        for (i = 0; i < c->replicas.nr; i++) {
-               struct bch_replicas_entry *e =
+               struct bch_replicas_entry_v1 *e =
                        cpu_replicas_entry(&c->replicas, i);
 
-               pr_buf(out, "\t");
+               prt_printf(out, "\t");
                bch2_replicas_entry_to_text(out, e);
-               pr_buf(out, ":\t%llu\n", fs_usage->u.replicas[i]);
+               prt_printf(out, ":\t%llu\n", fs_usage->u.replicas[i]);
        }
 }
 
@@ -279,35 +272,33 @@ bch2_fs_usage_read_short(struct bch_fs *c)
        return ret;
 }
 
-static inline int is_unavailable_bucket(struct bch_alloc_v4 a)
+void bch2_dev_usage_init(struct bch_dev *ca)
 {
-       return a.dirty_sectors || a.stripe;
+       ca->usage_base->d[BCH_DATA_free].buckets = ca->mi.nbuckets - ca->mi.first_bucket;
 }
 
-static inline int bucket_sectors_fragmented(struct bch_dev *ca,
-                                           struct bch_alloc_v4 a)
+void bch2_dev_usage_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_dev_usage *usage)
 {
-       return a.dirty_sectors
-               ? max(0, (int) ca->mi.bucket_size - (int) a.dirty_sectors)
-               : 0;
-}
-
-static inline enum bch_data_type bucket_type(struct bch_alloc_v4 a)
-{
-       return a.cached_sectors && !a.dirty_sectors
-               ? BCH_DATA_cached
-               : a.data_type;
-}
-
-static inline void account_bucket(struct bch_fs_usage *fs_usage,
-                                 struct bch_dev_usage *dev_usage,
-                                 enum bch_data_type type,
-                                 int nr, s64 size)
-{
-       if (type == BCH_DATA_sb || type == BCH_DATA_journal)
-               fs_usage->hidden        += size;
-
-       dev_usage->d[type].buckets      += nr;
+       prt_tab(out);
+       prt_str(out, "buckets");
+       prt_tab_rjust(out);
+       prt_str(out, "sectors");
+       prt_tab_rjust(out);
+       prt_str(out, "fragmented");
+       prt_tab_rjust(out);
+       prt_newline(out);
+
+       for (unsigned i = 0; i < BCH_DATA_NR; i++) {
+               prt_str(out, bch2_data_types[i]);
+               prt_tab(out);
+               prt_u64(out, usage->d[i].buckets);
+               prt_tab_rjust(out);
+               prt_u64(out, usage->d[i].sectors);
+               prt_tab_rjust(out);
+               prt_u64(out, usage->d[i].fragmented);
+               prt_tab_rjust(out);
+               prt_newline(out);
+       }
 }
 
 static void bch2_dev_usage_update(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca,
@@ -320,56 +311,52 @@ static void bch2_dev_usage_update(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca,
 
        preempt_disable();
        fs_usage = fs_usage_ptr(c, journal_seq, gc);
-       u = dev_usage_ptr(ca, journal_seq, gc);
 
-       if (bucket_type(old))
-               account_bucket(fs_usage, u, bucket_type(old),
-                              -1, -ca->mi.bucket_size);
+       if (data_type_is_hidden(old.data_type))
+               fs_usage->hidden -= ca->mi.bucket_size;
+       if (data_type_is_hidden(new.data_type))
+               fs_usage->hidden += ca->mi.bucket_size;
+
+       u = dev_usage_ptr(ca, journal_seq, gc);
 
-       if (bucket_type(new))
-               account_bucket(fs_usage, u, bucket_type(new),
-                              1, ca->mi.bucket_size);
+       u->d[old.data_type].buckets--;
+       u->d[new.data_type].buckets++;
 
-       u->buckets_ec += (int) new.stripe - (int) old.stripe;
-       u->buckets_unavailable +=
-               is_unavailable_bucket(new) - is_unavailable_bucket(old);
+       u->d[old.data_type].sectors -= bch2_bucket_sectors_dirty(old);
+       u->d[new.data_type].sectors += bch2_bucket_sectors_dirty(new);
 
-       u->d[old.data_type].sectors -= old.dirty_sectors;
-       u->d[new.data_type].sectors += new.dirty_sectors;
-       u->d[BCH_DATA_cached].sectors +=
-               (int) new.cached_sectors - (int) old.cached_sectors;
+       u->d[BCH_DATA_cached].sectors += new.cached_sectors;
+       u->d[BCH_DATA_cached].sectors -= old.cached_sectors;
 
-       u->d[old.data_type].fragmented -= bucket_sectors_fragmented(ca, old);
-       u->d[new.data_type].fragmented += bucket_sectors_fragmented(ca, new);
+       u->d[old.data_type].fragmented -= bch2_bucket_sectors_fragmented(ca, old);
+       u->d[new.data_type].fragmented += bch2_bucket_sectors_fragmented(ca, new);
 
        preempt_enable();
 }
 
-static void bch2_dev_usage_update_m(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca,
-                                   struct bucket old, struct bucket new,
-                                   u64 journal_seq, bool gc)
+static inline struct bch_alloc_v4 bucket_m_to_alloc(struct bucket b)
 {
-       struct bch_alloc_v4 old_a = {
-               .gen            = old.gen,
-               .data_type      = old.data_type,
-               .dirty_sectors  = old.dirty_sectors,
-               .cached_sectors = old.cached_sectors,
-               .stripe         = old.stripe,
-       };
-       struct bch_alloc_v4 new_a = {
-               .gen            = new.gen,
-               .data_type      = new.data_type,
-               .dirty_sectors  = new.dirty_sectors,
-               .cached_sectors = new.cached_sectors,
-               .stripe         = new.stripe,
+       return (struct bch_alloc_v4) {
+               .gen            = b.gen,
+               .data_type      = b.data_type,
+               .dirty_sectors  = b.dirty_sectors,
+               .cached_sectors = b.cached_sectors,
+               .stripe         = b.stripe,
        };
+}
 
-       bch2_dev_usage_update(c, ca, old_a, new_a, journal_seq, gc);
+static void bch2_dev_usage_update_m(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca,
+                                   struct bucket old, struct bucket new)
+{
+       bch2_dev_usage_update(c, ca,
+                             bucket_m_to_alloc(old),
+                             bucket_m_to_alloc(new),
+                             0, true);
 }
 
 static inline int __update_replicas(struct bch_fs *c,
                                    struct bch_fs_usage *fs_usage,
-                                   struct bch_replicas_entry *r,
+                                   struct bch_replicas_entry_v1 *r,
                                    s64 sectors)
 {
        int idx = bch2_replicas_entry_idx(c, r);
@@ -383,22 +370,20 @@ static inline int __update_replicas(struct bch_fs *c,
 }
 
 static inline int update_replicas(struct bch_fs *c, struct bkey_s_c k,
-                       struct bch_replicas_entry *r, s64 sectors,
+                       struct bch_replicas_entry_v1 *r, s64 sectors,
                        unsigned journal_seq, bool gc)
 {
-       struct bch_fs_usage __percpu *fs_usage;
+       struct bch_fs_usage *fs_usage;
        int idx, ret = 0;
        struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
 
        percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
-       buf.atomic++;
 
        idx = bch2_replicas_entry_idx(c, r);
        if (idx < 0 &&
-           (test_bit(BCH_FS_REBUILD_REPLICAS, &c->flags) ||
-            fsck_err(c, "no replicas entry\n"
-                     "  while marking %s",
-                     (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k), buf.buf)))) {
+           fsck_err(c, ptr_to_missing_replicas_entry,
+                    "no replicas entry\n  while marking %s",
+                    (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k), buf.buf))) {
                percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
                ret = bch2_mark_replicas(c, r);
                percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
@@ -436,8 +421,8 @@ static inline int update_cached_sectors(struct bch_fs *c,
        return update_replicas(c, k, &r.e, sectors, journal_seq, gc);
 }
 
-static struct replicas_delta_list *
-replicas_deltas_realloc(struct btree_trans *trans, unsigned more)
+static int __replicas_deltas_realloc(struct btree_trans *trans, unsigned more,
+                                    gfp_t gfp)
 {
        struct replicas_delta_list *d = trans->fs_usage_deltas;
        unsigned new_size = d ? (d->size + more) * 2 : 128;
@@ -446,12 +431,16 @@ replicas_deltas_realloc(struct btree_trans *trans, unsigned more)
        WARN_ON_ONCE(alloc_size > REPLICAS_DELTA_LIST_MAX);
 
        if (!d || d->used + more > d->size) {
-               d = krealloc(d, alloc_size, GFP_NOIO|__GFP_ZERO);
+               d = krealloc(d, alloc_size, gfp|__GFP_ZERO);
 
-               BUG_ON(!d && alloc_size > REPLICAS_DELTA_LIST_MAX);
+               if (unlikely(!d)) {
+                       if (alloc_size > REPLICAS_DELTA_LIST_MAX)
+                               return -ENOMEM;
+
+                       d = mempool_alloc(&trans->c->replicas_delta_pool, gfp);
+                       if (!d)
+                               return -ENOMEM;
 
-               if (!d) {
-                       d = mempool_alloc(&trans->c->replicas_delta_pool, GFP_NOIO);
                        memset(d, 0, REPLICAS_DELTA_LIST_MAX);
 
                        if (trans->fs_usage_deltas)
@@ -465,48 +454,64 @@ replicas_deltas_realloc(struct btree_trans *trans, unsigned more)
                d->size = new_size;
                trans->fs_usage_deltas = d;
        }
-       return d;
+
+       return 0;
 }
 
-static inline void update_replicas_list(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                                       struct bch_replicas_entry *r,
-                                       s64 sectors)
+int bch2_replicas_deltas_realloc(struct btree_trans *trans, unsigned more)
+{
+       return allocate_dropping_locks_errcode(trans,
+                               __replicas_deltas_realloc(trans, more, _gfp));
+}
+
+int bch2_update_replicas_list(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                        struct bch_replicas_entry_v1 *r,
+                        s64 sectors)
 {
        struct replicas_delta_list *d;
        struct replicas_delta *n;
        unsigned b;
+       int ret;
 
        if (!sectors)
-               return;
+               return 0;
 
        b = replicas_entry_bytes(r) + 8;
-       d = replicas_deltas_realloc(trans, b);
+       ret = bch2_replicas_deltas_realloc(trans, b);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
+       d = trans->fs_usage_deltas;
        n = (void *) d->d + d->used;
        n->delta = sectors;
-       memcpy(&n->r, r, replicas_entry_bytes(r));
+       unsafe_memcpy((void *) n + offsetof(struct replicas_delta, r),
+                     r, replicas_entry_bytes(r),
+                     "flexible array member embedded in strcuct with padding");
        bch2_replicas_entry_sort(&n->r);
        d->used += b;
+       return 0;
 }
 
-static inline void update_cached_sectors_list(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                                             unsigned dev, s64 sectors)
+int bch2_update_cached_sectors_list(struct btree_trans *trans, unsigned dev, s64 sectors)
 {
        struct bch_replicas_padded r;
 
        bch2_replicas_entry_cached(&r.e, dev);
 
-       update_replicas_list(trans, &r.e, sectors);
+       return bch2_update_replicas_list(trans, &r.e, sectors);
 }
 
 int bch2_mark_alloc(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                   enum btree_id btree, unsigned level,
                    struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_s_c new,
                    unsigned flags)
 {
        bool gc = flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_GC;
        u64 journal_seq = trans->journal_res.seq;
+       u64 bucket_journal_seq;
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct bch_alloc_v4 old_a, new_a;
+       struct bch_alloc_v4 old_a_convert, new_a_convert;
+       const struct bch_alloc_v4 *old_a, *new_a;
        struct bch_dev *ca;
        int ret = 0;
 
@@ -523,33 +528,38 @@ int bch2_mark_alloc(struct btree_trans *trans,
 
        ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, new.k->p.inode);
 
-       bch2_alloc_to_v4(old, &old_a);
-       bch2_alloc_to_v4(new, &new_a);
+       old_a = bch2_alloc_to_v4(old, &old_a_convert);
+       new_a = bch2_alloc_to_v4(new, &new_a_convert);
+
+       bucket_journal_seq = new_a->journal_seq;
 
        if ((flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_INSERT) &&
-           !old_a.data_type != !new_a.data_type &&
+           data_type_is_empty(old_a->data_type) !=
+           data_type_is_empty(new_a->data_type) &&
            new.k->type == KEY_TYPE_alloc_v4) {
                struct bch_alloc_v4 *v = (struct bch_alloc_v4 *) new.v;
 
-               BUG_ON(!journal_seq);
+               EBUG_ON(!journal_seq);
 
                /*
                 * If the btree updates referring to a bucket weren't flushed
                 * before the bucket became empty again, then the we don't have
                 * to wait on a journal flush before we can reuse the bucket:
                 */
-               new_a.journal_seq = !new_a.data_type &&
+               v->journal_seq = bucket_journal_seq =
+                       data_type_is_empty(new_a->data_type) &&
                        (journal_seq == v->journal_seq ||
                         bch2_journal_noflush_seq(&c->journal, v->journal_seq))
                        ? 0 : journal_seq;
-               v->journal_seq = new_a.journal_seq;
        }
 
-       if (old_a.data_type && !new_a.data_type && new_a.journal_seq) {
+       if (!data_type_is_empty(old_a->data_type) &&
+           data_type_is_empty(new_a->data_type) &&
+           bucket_journal_seq) {
                ret = bch2_set_bucket_needs_journal_commit(&c->buckets_waiting_for_journal,
                                c->journal.flushed_seq_ondisk,
                                new.k->p.inode, new.k->p.offset,
-                               new_a.journal_seq);
+                               bucket_journal_seq);
                if (ret) {
                        bch2_fs_fatal_error(c,
                                "error setting bucket_needs_journal_commit: %i", ret);
@@ -557,30 +567,11 @@ int bch2_mark_alloc(struct btree_trans *trans,
                }
        }
 
-       if (!new_a.data_type &&
-           (!new_a.journal_seq || new_a.journal_seq < c->journal.flushed_seq_ondisk))
-               closure_wake_up(&c->freelist_wait);
-
-       if ((flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_INSERT) &&
-           BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_DISCARD(&new_a) &&
-           !new_a.journal_seq)
-               bch2_do_discards(c);
-
-       if (!old_a.data_type &&
-           new_a.data_type &&
-           should_invalidate_buckets(ca))
-               bch2_do_invalidates(c);
-
-       if (bucket_state(new_a) == BUCKET_need_gc_gens) {
-               atomic_inc(&c->kick_gc);
-               wake_up_process(c->gc_thread);
-       }
-
        percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
-       if (!gc && new_a.gen != old_a.gen)
-               *bucket_gen(ca, new.k->p.offset) = new_a.gen;
+       if (!gc && new_a->gen != old_a->gen)
+               *bucket_gen(ca, new.k->p.offset) = new_a->gen;
 
-       bch2_dev_usage_update(c, ca, old_a, new_a, journal_seq, gc);
+       bch2_dev_usage_update(c, ca, *old_a, *new_a, journal_seq, gc);
 
        if (gc) {
                struct bucket *g = gc_bucket(ca, new.k->p.offset);
@@ -588,35 +579,32 @@ int bch2_mark_alloc(struct btree_trans *trans,
                bucket_lock(g);
 
                g->gen_valid            = 1;
-               g->gen                  = new_a.gen;
-               g->data_type            = new_a.data_type;
-               g->stripe               = new_a.stripe;
-               g->stripe_redundancy    = new_a.stripe_redundancy;
-               g->dirty_sectors        = new_a.dirty_sectors;
-               g->cached_sectors       = new_a.cached_sectors;
+               g->gen                  = new_a->gen;
+               g->data_type            = new_a->data_type;
+               g->stripe               = new_a->stripe;
+               g->stripe_redundancy    = new_a->stripe_redundancy;
+               g->dirty_sectors        = new_a->dirty_sectors;
+               g->cached_sectors       = new_a->cached_sectors;
 
                bucket_unlock(g);
        }
        percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
 
-       /*
-        * need to know if we're getting called from the invalidate path or
-        * not:
-        */
+       if (new_a->data_type == BCH_DATA_free &&
+           (!new_a->journal_seq || new_a->journal_seq < c->journal.flushed_seq_ondisk))
+               closure_wake_up(&c->freelist_wait);
 
-       if ((flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_BUCKET_INVALIDATE) &&
-           old_a.cached_sectors) {
-               ret = update_cached_sectors(c, new, ca->dev_idx,
-                                           -old_a.cached_sectors,
-                                           journal_seq, gc);
-               if (ret) {
-                       bch2_fs_fatal_error(c, "bch2_mark_alloc(): no replicas entry while updating cached sectors");
-                       return ret;
-               }
+       if (new_a->data_type == BCH_DATA_need_discard &&
+           (!bucket_journal_seq || bucket_journal_seq < c->journal.flushed_seq_ondisk))
+               bch2_do_discards(c);
 
-               trace_invalidate(ca, bucket_to_sector(ca, new.k->p.offset),
-                                old_a.cached_sectors);
-       }
+       if (old_a->data_type != BCH_DATA_cached &&
+           new_a->data_type == BCH_DATA_cached &&
+           should_invalidate_buckets(ca, bch2_dev_usage_read(ca)))
+               bch2_do_invalidates(c);
+
+       if (new_a->data_type == BCH_DATA_need_gc_gens)
+               bch2_do_gc_gens(c);
 
        return 0;
 }
@@ -663,45 +651,40 @@ int bch2_mark_metadata_bucket(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca,
                goto err;
        }
 
-
        g->data_type = data_type;
        g->dirty_sectors += sectors;
        new = *g;
 err:
        bucket_unlock(g);
        if (!ret)
-               bch2_dev_usage_update_m(c, ca, old, new, 0, true);
+               bch2_dev_usage_update_m(c, ca, old, new);
        percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
        return ret;
 }
 
-static s64 ptr_disk_sectors(s64 sectors, struct extent_ptr_decoded p)
-{
-       EBUG_ON(sectors < 0);
-
-       return crc_is_compressed(p.crc)
-               ? DIV_ROUND_UP_ULL(sectors * p.crc.compressed_size,
-                                  p.crc.uncompressed_size)
-               : sectors;
-}
-
-static int check_bucket_ref(struct bch_fs *c,
+static int check_bucket_ref(struct btree_trans *trans,
                            struct bkey_s_c k,
                            const struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr,
                            s64 sectors, enum bch_data_type ptr_data_type,
                            u8 b_gen, u8 bucket_data_type,
-                           u32 dirty_sectors, u32 cached_sectors)
+                           u32 bucket_sectors)
 {
+       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
        struct bch_dev *ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, ptr->dev);
        size_t bucket_nr = PTR_BUCKET_NR(ca, ptr);
-       u16 bucket_sectors = !ptr->cached
-               ? dirty_sectors
-               : cached_sectors;
        struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
        int ret = 0;
 
+       if (bucket_data_type == BCH_DATA_cached)
+               bucket_data_type = BCH_DATA_user;
+
+       if ((bucket_data_type == BCH_DATA_stripe && ptr_data_type == BCH_DATA_user) ||
+           (bucket_data_type == BCH_DATA_user   && ptr_data_type == BCH_DATA_stripe))
+               bucket_data_type = ptr_data_type = BCH_DATA_stripe;
+
        if (gen_after(ptr->gen, b_gen)) {
                bch2_fsck_err(c, FSCK_CAN_IGNORE|FSCK_NEED_FSCK,
+                             BCH_FSCK_ERR_ptr_gen_newer_than_bucket_gen,
                        "bucket %u:%zu gen %u data type %s: ptr gen %u newer than bucket gen\n"
                        "while marking %s",
                        ptr->dev, bucket_nr, b_gen,
@@ -714,6 +697,7 @@ static int check_bucket_ref(struct bch_fs *c,
 
        if (gen_cmp(b_gen, ptr->gen) > BUCKET_GC_GEN_MAX) {
                bch2_fsck_err(c, FSCK_CAN_IGNORE|FSCK_NEED_FSCK,
+                             BCH_FSCK_ERR_ptr_too_stale,
                        "bucket %u:%zu gen %u data type %s: ptr gen %u too stale\n"
                        "while marking %s",
                        ptr->dev, bucket_nr, b_gen,
@@ -727,6 +711,7 @@ static int check_bucket_ref(struct bch_fs *c,
 
        if (b_gen != ptr->gen && !ptr->cached) {
                bch2_fsck_err(c, FSCK_CAN_IGNORE|FSCK_NEED_FSCK,
+                             BCH_FSCK_ERR_stale_dirty_ptr,
                        "bucket %u:%zu gen %u (mem gen %u) data type %s: stale dirty ptr (gen %u)\n"
                        "while marking %s",
                        ptr->dev, bucket_nr, b_gen,
@@ -741,12 +726,14 @@ static int check_bucket_ref(struct bch_fs *c,
 
        if (b_gen != ptr->gen) {
                ret = 1;
-               goto err;
+               goto out;
        }
 
-       if (bucket_data_type && ptr_data_type &&
+       if (!data_type_is_empty(bucket_data_type) &&
+           ptr_data_type &&
            bucket_data_type != ptr_data_type) {
                bch2_fsck_err(c, FSCK_CAN_IGNORE|FSCK_NEED_FSCK,
+                             BCH_FSCK_ERR_ptr_bucket_data_type_mismatch,
                        "bucket %u:%zu gen %u different types of data in same bucket: %s, %s\n"
                        "while marking %s",
                        ptr->dev, bucket_nr, b_gen,
@@ -758,9 +745,10 @@ static int check_bucket_ref(struct bch_fs *c,
                goto err;
        }
 
-       if ((unsigned) (bucket_sectors + sectors) > U32_MAX) {
+       if ((u64) bucket_sectors + sectors > U32_MAX) {
                bch2_fsck_err(c, FSCK_CAN_IGNORE|FSCK_NEED_FSCK,
-                       "bucket %u:%zu gen %u data type %s sector count overflow: %u + %lli > U16_MAX\n"
+                             BCH_FSCK_ERR_bucket_sector_count_overflow,
+                       "bucket %u:%zu gen %u data type %s sector count overflow: %u + %lli > U32_MAX\n"
                        "while marking %s",
                        ptr->dev, bucket_nr, b_gen,
                        bch2_data_types[bucket_data_type ?: ptr_data_type],
@@ -770,9 +758,12 @@ static int check_bucket_ref(struct bch_fs *c,
                ret = -EIO;
                goto err;
        }
-err:
+out:
        printbuf_exit(&buf);
        return ret;
+err:
+       bch2_dump_trans_updates(trans);
+       goto out;
 }
 
 static int mark_stripe_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
@@ -781,11 +772,10 @@ static int mark_stripe_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
                              unsigned flags)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       u64 journal_seq = trans->journal_res.seq;
        const struct bch_stripe *s = bkey_s_c_to_stripe(k).v;
        unsigned nr_data = s->nr_blocks - s->nr_redundant;
        bool parity = ptr_idx >= nr_data;
-       enum bch_data_type data_type = parity ? BCH_DATA_parity : 0;
+       enum bch_data_type data_type = parity ? BCH_DATA_parity : BCH_DATA_stripe;
        s64 sectors = parity ? le16_to_cpu(s->sectors) : 0;
        const struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr = s->ptrs + ptr_idx;
        struct bch_dev *ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, ptr->dev);
@@ -798,7 +788,6 @@ static int mark_stripe_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
        /* * XXX doesn't handle deletion */
 
        percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
-       buf.atomic++;
        g = PTR_GC_BUCKET(ca, ptr);
 
        if (g->dirty_sectors ||
@@ -814,14 +803,13 @@ static int mark_stripe_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
        bucket_lock(g);
        old = *g;
 
-       ret = check_bucket_ref(c, k, ptr, sectors, data_type,
+       ret = check_bucket_ref(trans, k, ptr, sectors, data_type,
                               g->gen, g->data_type,
-                              g->dirty_sectors, g->cached_sectors);
+                              g->dirty_sectors);
        if (ret)
                goto err;
 
-       if (data_type)
-               g->data_type = data_type;
+       g->data_type = data_type;
        g->dirty_sectors += sectors;
 
        g->stripe               = k.k->p.offset;
@@ -830,7 +818,7 @@ static int mark_stripe_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
 err:
        bucket_unlock(g);
        if (!ret)
-               bch2_dev_usage_update_m(c, ca, old, new, journal_seq, true);
+               bch2_dev_usage_update_m(c, ca, old, new);
        percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
        printbuf_exit(&buf);
        return ret;
@@ -846,29 +834,33 @@ static int __mark_pointer(struct btree_trans *trans,
        u32 *dst_sectors = !ptr->cached
                ? dirty_sectors
                : cached_sectors;
-       int ret = check_bucket_ref(trans->c, k, ptr, sectors, ptr_data_type,
-                                  bucket_gen, *bucket_data_type,
-                                  *dirty_sectors, *cached_sectors);
+       int ret = check_bucket_ref(trans, k, ptr, sectors, ptr_data_type,
+                                  bucket_gen, *bucket_data_type, *dst_sectors);
 
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
        *dst_sectors += sectors;
-       *bucket_data_type = *dirty_sectors || *cached_sectors
-               ? ptr_data_type : 0;
+
+       if (!*dirty_sectors && !*cached_sectors)
+               *bucket_data_type = 0;
+       else if (*bucket_data_type != BCH_DATA_stripe)
+               *bucket_data_type = ptr_data_type;
+
        return 0;
 }
 
 static int bch2_mark_pointer(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                            enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
                             struct bkey_s_c k,
                             struct extent_ptr_decoded p,
-                            s64 sectors, enum bch_data_type data_type,
+                            s64 sectors,
                             unsigned flags)
 {
-       u64 journal_seq = trans->journal_res.seq;
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
        struct bch_dev *ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, p.ptr.dev);
        struct bucket old, new, *g;
+       enum bch_data_type data_type = bkey_ptr_data_type(btree_id, level, k, p);
        u8 bucket_data_type;
        int ret = 0;
 
@@ -891,7 +883,7 @@ static int bch2_mark_pointer(struct btree_trans *trans,
        new = *g;
        bucket_unlock(g);
        if (!ret)
-               bch2_dev_usage_update_m(c, ca, old, new, journal_seq, true);
+               bch2_dev_usage_update_m(c, ca, old, new);
        percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
 
        return ret;
@@ -914,13 +906,13 @@ static int bch2_mark_stripe_ptr(struct btree_trans *trans,
        if (!m) {
                bch_err(c, "error allocating memory for gc_stripes, idx %llu",
                        (u64) p.idx);
-               return -ENOMEM;
+               return -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_mark_stripe_ptr;
        }
 
-       spin_lock(&c->ec_stripes_heap_lock);
+       mutex_lock(&c->ec_stripes_heap_lock);
 
        if (!m || !m->alive) {
-               spin_unlock(&c->ec_stripes_heap_lock);
+               mutex_unlock(&c->ec_stripes_heap_lock);
                bch_err_ratelimited(c, "pointer to nonexistent stripe %llu",
                                    (u64) p.idx);
                bch2_inconsistent_error(c);
@@ -930,7 +922,7 @@ static int bch2_mark_stripe_ptr(struct btree_trans *trans,
        m->block_sectors[p.block] += sectors;
 
        r = m->r;
-       spin_unlock(&c->ec_stripes_heap_lock);
+       mutex_unlock(&c->ec_stripes_heap_lock);
 
        r.e.data_type = data_type;
        update_replicas(c, k, &r.e, sectors, trans->journal_res.seq, true);
@@ -938,13 +930,12 @@ static int bch2_mark_stripe_ptr(struct btree_trans *trans,
        return 0;
 }
 
-int bch2_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                    struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_s_c new,
-                    unsigned flags)
+static int __mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                        enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                        struct bkey_s_c k, unsigned flags)
 {
        u64 journal_seq = trans->journal_res.seq;
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct bkey_s_c k = flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE ? old: new;
        struct bkey_ptrs_c ptrs = bch2_bkey_ptrs_c(k);
        const union bch_extent_entry *entry;
        struct extent_ptr_decoded p;
@@ -971,8 +962,7 @@ int bch2_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
                if (flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE)
                        disk_sectors = -disk_sectors;
 
-               ret = bch2_mark_pointer(trans, k, p, disk_sectors,
-                                       data_type, flags);
+               ret = bch2_mark_pointer(trans, btree_id, level, k, p, disk_sectors, flags);
                if (ret < 0)
                        return ret;
 
@@ -983,7 +973,8 @@ int bch2_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
                                ret = update_cached_sectors(c, k, p.ptr.dev,
                                                disk_sectors, journal_seq, true);
                                if (ret) {
-                                       bch2_fs_fatal_error(c, "bch2_mark_extent(): no replicas entry while updating cached sectors");
+                                       bch2_fs_fatal_error(c, "%s(): no replicas entry while updating cached sectors",
+                                                           __func__);
                                        return ret;
                                }
                        }
@@ -1011,7 +1002,7 @@ int bch2_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
                        struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
 
                        bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k);
-                       bch2_fs_fatal_error(c, "no replicas entry for %s", buf.buf);
+                       bch2_fs_fatal_error(c, "%s(): no replicas entry for %s", __func__, buf.buf);
                        printbuf_exit(&buf);
                        return ret;
                }
@@ -1020,7 +1011,16 @@ int bch2_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
        return 0;
 }
 
+int bch2_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                    enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                    struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_s_c new,
+                    unsigned flags)
+{
+       return mem_trigger_run_overwrite_then_insert(__mark_extent, trans, btree_id, level, old, new, flags);
+}
+
 int bch2_mark_stripe(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                    enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
                     struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_s_c new,
                     unsigned flags)
 {
@@ -1040,7 +1040,7 @@ int bch2_mark_stripe(struct btree_trans *trans,
        if (!gc) {
                struct stripe *m = genradix_ptr(&c->stripes, idx);
 
-               if (!m || (old_s && !m->alive)) {
+               if (!m) {
                        struct printbuf buf1 = PRINTBUF;
                        struct printbuf buf2 = PRINTBUF;
 
@@ -1056,13 +1056,10 @@ int bch2_mark_stripe(struct btree_trans *trans,
                }
 
                if (!new_s) {
-                       spin_lock(&c->ec_stripes_heap_lock);
                        bch2_stripes_heap_del(c, m, idx);
-                       spin_unlock(&c->ec_stripes_heap_lock);
 
                        memset(m, 0, sizeof(*m));
                } else {
-                       m->alive        = true;
                        m->sectors      = le16_to_cpu(new_s->sectors);
                        m->algorithm    = new_s->algorithm;
                        m->nr_blocks    = new_s->nr_blocks;
@@ -1072,9 +1069,10 @@ int bch2_mark_stripe(struct btree_trans *trans,
                        for (i = 0; i < new_s->nr_blocks; i++)
                                m->blocks_nonempty += !!stripe_blockcount_get(new_s, i);
 
-                       spin_lock(&c->ec_stripes_heap_lock);
-                       bch2_stripes_heap_update(c, m, idx);
-                       spin_unlock(&c->ec_stripes_heap_lock);
+                       if (!old_s)
+                               bch2_stripes_heap_insert(c, m, idx);
+                       else
+                               bch2_stripes_heap_update(c, m, idx);
                }
        } else {
                struct gc_stripe *m =
@@ -1083,7 +1081,7 @@ int bch2_mark_stripe(struct btree_trans *trans,
                if (!m) {
                        bch_err(c, "error allocating memory for gc_stripes, idx %llu",
                                idx);
-                       return -ENOMEM;
+                       return -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_mark_stripe;
                }
                /*
                 * This will be wrong when we bring back runtime gc: we should
@@ -1127,44 +1125,12 @@ int bch2_mark_stripe(struct btree_trans *trans,
        return 0;
 }
 
-int bch2_mark_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                   struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_s_c new,
-                   unsigned flags)
+static int __mark_reservation(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                             enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                             struct bkey_s_c k, unsigned flags)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct bch_fs_usage __percpu *fs_usage;
-       u64 journal_seq = trans->journal_res.seq;
-
-       if (flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_INSERT) {
-               struct bch_inode_v2 *v = (struct bch_inode_v2 *) new.v;
-
-               BUG_ON(!journal_seq);
-               BUG_ON(new.k->type != KEY_TYPE_inode_v2);
-
-               v->bi_journal_seq = cpu_to_le64(journal_seq);
-       }
-
-       if (flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_GC) {
-               percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
-               preempt_disable();
-
-               fs_usage = fs_usage_ptr(c, journal_seq, flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_GC);
-               fs_usage->nr_inodes += bkey_is_inode(new.k);
-               fs_usage->nr_inodes -= bkey_is_inode(old.k);
-
-               preempt_enable();
-               percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-int bch2_mark_reservation(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                         struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_s_c new,
-                         unsigned flags)
-{
-       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct bkey_s_c k = flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE ? old: new;
-       struct bch_fs_usage __percpu *fs_usage;
+       struct bch_fs_usage *fs_usage;
        unsigned replicas = bkey_s_c_to_reservation(k).v->nr_replicas;
        s64 sectors = (s64) k.k->size;
 
@@ -1190,6 +1156,14 @@ int bch2_mark_reservation(struct btree_trans *trans,
        return 0;
 }
 
+int bch2_mark_reservation(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                         enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                         struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_s_c new,
+                         unsigned flags)
+{
+       return mem_trigger_run_overwrite_then_insert(__mark_reservation, trans, btree_id, level, old, new, flags);
+}
+
 static s64 __bch2_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
                                 struct bkey_s_c_reflink_p p,
                                 u64 start, u64 end,
@@ -1216,33 +1190,40 @@ static s64 __bch2_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
        *idx = r->offset;
        return 0;
 not_found:
-       if (fsck_err(c, "pointer to missing indirect extent\n"
+       if (fsck_err(c, reflink_p_to_missing_reflink_v,
+                    "pointer to missing indirect extent\n"
                     "  %s\n"
                     "  missing range %llu-%llu",
                     (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, p.s_c), buf.buf),
                     *idx, next_idx)) {
-               struct bkey_i_error new;
+               struct bkey_i_error *new;
 
-               bkey_init(&new.k);
-               new.k.type      = KEY_TYPE_error;
-               new.k.p         = bkey_start_pos(p.k);
-               new.k.p.offset += *idx - start;
-               bch2_key_resize(&new.k, next_idx - *idx);
-               ret = __bch2_btree_insert(trans, BTREE_ID_extents, &new.k_i);
+               new = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, sizeof(*new));
+               ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(new);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto err;
+
+               bkey_init(&new->k);
+               new->k.type     = KEY_TYPE_error;
+               new->k.p                = bkey_start_pos(p.k);
+               new->k.p.offset += *idx - start;
+               bch2_key_resize(&new->k, next_idx - *idx);
+               ret = bch2_btree_insert_trans(trans, BTREE_ID_extents, &new->k_i,
+                                         BTREE_TRIGGER_NORUN);
        }
 
        *idx = next_idx;
+err:
 fsck_err:
        printbuf_exit(&buf);
        return ret;
 }
 
-int bch2_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                       struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_s_c new,
-                       unsigned flags)
+static int __mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                           enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                           struct bkey_s_c k, unsigned flags)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct bkey_s_c k = flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE ? old: new;
        struct bkey_s_c_reflink_p p = bkey_s_c_to_reflink_p(k);
        struct reflink_gc *ref;
        size_t l, r, m;
@@ -1252,7 +1233,7 @@ int bch2_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
 
        BUG_ON(!(flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_GC));
 
-       if (c->sb.version >= bcachefs_metadata_version_reflink_p_fix) {
+       if (c->sb.version_upgrade_complete >= bcachefs_metadata_version_reflink_p_fix) {
                idx -= le32_to_cpu(p.v->front_pad);
                end += le32_to_cpu(p.v->back_pad);
        }
@@ -1276,33 +1257,53 @@ int bch2_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
        return ret;
 }
 
-static noinline __cold
-void fs_usage_apply_warn(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                        unsigned disk_res_sectors,
-                        s64 should_not_have_added)
+int bch2_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                       enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                       struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_s_c new,
+                       unsigned flags)
+{
+       return mem_trigger_run_overwrite_then_insert(__mark_reflink_p, trans, btree_id, level, old, new, flags);
+}
+
+void bch2_trans_fs_usage_revert(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                               struct replicas_delta_list *deltas)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct btree_insert_entry *i;
-       struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
+       struct bch_fs_usage *dst;
+       struct replicas_delta *d, *top = (void *) deltas->d + deltas->used;
+       s64 added = 0;
+       unsigned i;
+
+       percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
+       preempt_disable();
+       dst = fs_usage_ptr(c, trans->journal_res.seq, false);
+
+       /* revert changes: */
+       for (d = deltas->d; d != top; d = replicas_delta_next(d)) {
+               switch (d->r.data_type) {
+               case BCH_DATA_btree:
+               case BCH_DATA_user:
+               case BCH_DATA_parity:
+                       added += d->delta;
+               }
+               BUG_ON(__update_replicas(c, dst, &d->r, -d->delta));
+       }
 
-       bch_err(c, "disk usage increased %lli more than %u sectors reserved",
-               should_not_have_added, disk_res_sectors);
+       dst->nr_inodes -= deltas->nr_inodes;
 
-       trans_for_each_update(trans, i) {
-               struct bkey_s_c old = { &i->old_k, i->old_v };
+       for (i = 0; i < BCH_REPLICAS_MAX; i++) {
+               added                           -= deltas->persistent_reserved[i];
+               dst->reserved                   -= deltas->persistent_reserved[i];
+               dst->persistent_reserved[i]     -= deltas->persistent_reserved[i];
+       }
 
-               pr_err("while inserting");
-               printbuf_reset(&buf);
-               bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, bkey_i_to_s_c(i->k));
-               pr_err("  %s", buf.buf);
-               pr_err("overlapping with");
-               printbuf_reset(&buf);
-               bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, old);
-               pr_err("  %s", buf.buf);
+       if (added > 0) {
+               trans->disk_res->sectors += added;
+               this_cpu_add(*c->online_reserved, added);
        }
 
-       __WARN();
-       printbuf_exit(&buf);
+       preempt_enable();
+       percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
 }
 
 int bch2_trans_fs_usage_apply(struct btree_trans *trans,
@@ -1311,8 +1312,8 @@ int bch2_trans_fs_usage_apply(struct btree_trans *trans,
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
        static int warned_disk_usage = 0;
        bool warn = false;
-       unsigned disk_res_sectors = trans->disk_res ? trans->disk_res->sectors : 0;
-       struct replicas_delta *d = deltas->d, *d2;
+       u64 disk_res_sectors = trans->disk_res ? trans->disk_res->sectors : 0;
+       struct replicas_delta *d, *d2;
        struct replicas_delta *top = (void *) deltas->d + deltas->used;
        struct bch_fs_usage *dst;
        s64 added = 0, should_not_have_added;
@@ -1369,7 +1370,9 @@ int bch2_trans_fs_usage_apply(struct btree_trans *trans,
        percpu_up_read(&c->mark_lock);
 
        if (unlikely(warn) && !xchg(&warned_disk_usage, 1))
-               fs_usage_apply_warn(trans, disk_res_sectors, should_not_have_added);
+               bch2_trans_inconsistent(trans,
+                                       "disk usage increased %lli more than %llu sectors reserved)",
+                                       should_not_have_added, disk_res_sectors);
        return 0;
 need_mark:
        /* revert changes: */
@@ -1383,30 +1386,44 @@ need_mark:
 
 /* trans_mark: */
 
-static int bch2_trans_mark_pointer(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                       struct bkey_s_c k, struct extent_ptr_decoded p,
-                       s64 sectors, enum bch_data_type data_type)
+static inline int bch2_trans_mark_pointer(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                                  enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                                  struct bkey_s_c k, struct extent_ptr_decoded p,
+                                  unsigned flags)
 {
+       bool insert = !(flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE);
        struct btree_iter iter;
        struct bkey_i_alloc_v4 *a;
+       struct bpos bucket;
+       struct bch_backpointer bp;
+       s64 sectors;
        int ret;
 
-       a = bch2_trans_start_alloc_update(trans, &iter, PTR_BUCKET_POS(trans->c, &p.ptr));
+       bch2_extent_ptr_to_bp(trans->c, btree_id, level, k, p, &bucket, &bp);
+       sectors = bp.bucket_len;
+       if (!insert)
+               sectors = -sectors;
+
+       a = bch2_trans_start_alloc_update(trans, &iter, bucket);
        if (IS_ERR(a))
                return PTR_ERR(a);
 
-       ret = __mark_pointer(trans, k, &p.ptr, sectors, data_type,
+       ret = __mark_pointer(trans, k, &p.ptr, sectors, bp.data_type,
                             a->v.gen, &a->v.data_type,
-                            &a->v.dirty_sectors, &a->v.cached_sectors);
-       if (ret)
-               goto out;
+                            &a->v.dirty_sectors, &a->v.cached_sectors) ?:
+               bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, &a->k_i, 0);
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
 
-       ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, &a->k_i, 0);
        if (ret)
-               goto out;
-out:
-       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
-       return ret;
+               return ret;
+
+       if (!p.ptr.cached) {
+               ret = bch2_bucket_backpointer_mod(trans, bucket, bp, k, insert);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
 }
 
 static int bch2_trans_mark_stripe_ptr(struct btree_trans *trans,
@@ -1414,28 +1431,22 @@ static int bch2_trans_mark_stripe_ptr(struct btree_trans *trans,
                        s64 sectors, enum bch_data_type data_type)
 {
        struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
        struct bkey_i_stripe *s;
        struct bch_replicas_padded r;
        int ret = 0;
 
-       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &iter, BTREE_ID_stripes, POS(0, p.ec.idx),
-                            BTREE_ITER_INTENT|
-                            BTREE_ITER_WITH_UPDATES);
-       k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&iter);
-       ret = bkey_err(k);
-       if (ret)
-               goto err;
-
-       if (k.k->type != KEY_TYPE_stripe) {
-               bch2_trans_inconsistent(trans,
+       s = bch2_bkey_get_mut_typed(trans, &iter,
+                       BTREE_ID_stripes, POS(0, p.ec.idx),
+                       BTREE_ITER_WITH_UPDATES, stripe);
+       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(s);
+       if (unlikely(ret)) {
+               bch2_trans_inconsistent_on(bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT), trans,
                        "pointer to nonexistent stripe %llu",
                        (u64) p.ec.idx);
-               ret = -EIO;
                goto err;
        }
 
-       if (!bch2_ptr_matches_stripe(bkey_s_c_to_stripe(k).v, p)) {
+       if (!bch2_ptr_matches_stripe(&s->v, p)) {
                bch2_trans_inconsistent(trans,
                        "stripe pointer doesn't match stripe %llu",
                        (u64) p.ec.idx);
@@ -1443,36 +1454,23 @@ static int bch2_trans_mark_stripe_ptr(struct btree_trans *trans,
                goto err;
        }
 
-       s = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, bkey_bytes(k.k));
-       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(s);
-       if (ret)
-               goto err;
-
-       bkey_reassemble(&s->k_i, k);
        stripe_blockcount_set(&s->v, p.ec.block,
                stripe_blockcount_get(&s->v, p.ec.block) +
                sectors);
 
-       ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, &s->k_i, 0);
-       if (ret)
-               goto err;
-
        bch2_bkey_to_replicas(&r.e, bkey_i_to_s_c(&s->k_i));
        r.e.data_type = data_type;
-       update_replicas_list(trans, &r.e, sectors);
+       ret = bch2_update_replicas_list(trans, &r.e, sectors);
 err:
        bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
        return ret;
 }
 
-int bch2_trans_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                          struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_i *new,
-                          unsigned flags)
+static int __trans_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                              enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                              struct bkey_s_c k, unsigned flags)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct bkey_s_c k = flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE
-               ? old
-               : bkey_i_to_s_c(new);
        struct bkey_ptrs_c ptrs = bch2_bkey_ptrs_c(k);
        const union bch_extent_entry *entry;
        struct extent_ptr_decoded p;
@@ -1485,7 +1483,7 @@ int bch2_trans_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
                : k.k->size;
        s64 dirty_sectors = 0;
        bool stale;
-       int ret;
+       int ret = 0;
 
        r.e.data_type   = data_type;
        r.e.nr_devs     = 0;
@@ -1497,17 +1495,19 @@ int bch2_trans_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
                if (flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE)
                        disk_sectors = -disk_sectors;
 
-               ret = bch2_trans_mark_pointer(trans, k, p,
-                                       disk_sectors, data_type);
+               ret = bch2_trans_mark_pointer(trans, btree_id, level, k, p, flags);
                if (ret < 0)
                        return ret;
 
                stale = ret > 0;
 
                if (p.ptr.cached) {
-                       if (!stale)
-                               update_cached_sectors_list(trans, p.ptr.dev,
-                                                          disk_sectors);
+                       if (!stale) {
+                               ret = bch2_update_cached_sectors_list(trans, p.ptr.dev,
+                                                                     disk_sectors);
+                               if (ret)
+                                       return ret;
+                       }
                } else if (!p.has_ec) {
                        dirty_sectors          += disk_sectors;
                        r.e.devs[r.e.nr_devs++] = p.ptr.dev;
@@ -1522,9 +1522,27 @@ int bch2_trans_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
        }
 
        if (r.e.nr_devs)
-               update_replicas_list(trans, &r.e, dirty_sectors);
+               ret = bch2_update_replicas_list(trans, &r.e, dirty_sectors);
 
-       return 0;
+       return ret;
+}
+
+int bch2_trans_mark_extent(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                          enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                          struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_i *new,
+                          unsigned flags)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+       int mod = (int) bch2_bkey_needs_rebalance(c, bkey_i_to_s_c(new)) -
+                 (int) bch2_bkey_needs_rebalance(c, old);
+
+       if (mod) {
+               int ret = bch2_btree_bit_mod(trans, BTREE_ID_rebalance_work, new->k.p, mod > 0);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+
+       return trigger_run_overwrite_then_insert(__trans_mark_extent, trans, btree_id, level, old, new, flags);
 }
 
 static int bch2_trans_mark_stripe_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
@@ -1547,9 +1565,9 @@ static int bch2_trans_mark_stripe_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
        if (IS_ERR(a))
                return PTR_ERR(a);
 
-       ret = check_bucket_ref(c, s.s_c, ptr, sectors, data_type,
+       ret = check_bucket_ref(trans, s.s_c, ptr, sectors, data_type,
                               a->v.gen, a->v.data_type,
-                              a->v.dirty_sectors, a->v.cached_sectors);
+                              a->v.dirty_sectors);
        if (ret)
                goto err;
 
@@ -1577,6 +1595,7 @@ static int bch2_trans_mark_stripe_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
 
                a->v.stripe             = s.k->p.offset;
                a->v.stripe_redundancy  = s.v->nr_redundant;
+               a->v.data_type          = BCH_DATA_stripe;
        } else {
                if (bch2_trans_inconsistent_on(a->v.stripe != s.k->p.offset ||
                                               a->v.stripe_redundancy != s.v->nr_redundant, trans,
@@ -1589,6 +1608,7 @@ static int bch2_trans_mark_stripe_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
 
                a->v.stripe             = 0;
                a->v.stripe_redundancy  = 0;
+               a->v.data_type          = alloc_data_type(a->v, BCH_DATA_user);
        }
 
        a->v.dirty_sectors += sectors;
@@ -1604,6 +1624,7 @@ err:
 }
 
 int bch2_trans_mark_stripe(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                          enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
                           struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_i *new,
                           unsigned flags)
 {
@@ -1638,14 +1659,18 @@ int bch2_trans_mark_stripe(struct btree_trans *trans,
                s64 sectors = le16_to_cpu(new_s->sectors);
 
                bch2_bkey_to_replicas(&r.e, bkey_i_to_s_c(new));
-               update_replicas_list(trans, &r.e, sectors * new_s->nr_redundant);
+               ret = bch2_update_replicas_list(trans, &r.e, sectors * new_s->nr_redundant);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
        }
 
        if (old_s) {
                s64 sectors = -((s64) le16_to_cpu(old_s->sectors));
 
                bch2_bkey_to_replicas(&r.e, old);
-               update_replicas_list(trans, &r.e, sectors * old_s->nr_redundant);
+               ret = bch2_update_replicas_list(trans, &r.e, sectors * old_s->nr_redundant);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
        }
 
        for (i = 0; i < nr_blocks; i++) {
@@ -1673,40 +1698,24 @@ int bch2_trans_mark_stripe(struct btree_trans *trans,
        return ret;
 }
 
-int bch2_trans_mark_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                         struct bkey_s_c old,
-                         struct bkey_i *new,
-                         unsigned flags)
+static int __trans_mark_reservation(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                                   enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                                   struct bkey_s_c k, unsigned flags)
 {
-       int nr = bkey_is_inode(&new->k) - bkey_is_inode(old.k);
-
-       if (nr) {
-               struct replicas_delta_list *d =
-                       replicas_deltas_realloc(trans, 0);
-               d->nr_inodes += nr;
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-int bch2_trans_mark_reservation(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                               struct bkey_s_c old,
-                               struct bkey_i *new,
-                               unsigned flags)
-{
-       struct bkey_s_c k = flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE
-               ? old
-               : bkey_i_to_s_c(new);
        unsigned replicas = bkey_s_c_to_reservation(k).v->nr_replicas;
        s64 sectors = (s64) k.k->size;
        struct replicas_delta_list *d;
+       int ret;
 
        if (flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE)
                sectors = -sectors;
        sectors *= replicas;
 
-       d = replicas_deltas_realloc(trans, 0);
+       ret = bch2_replicas_deltas_realloc(trans, 0);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
+       d = trans->fs_usage_deltas;
        replicas = clamp_t(unsigned, replicas, 1,
                           ARRAY_SIZE(d->persistent_reserved));
 
@@ -1714,35 +1723,35 @@ int bch2_trans_mark_reservation(struct btree_trans *trans,
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int __bch2_trans_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
+int bch2_trans_mark_reservation(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                               enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                               struct bkey_s_c old,
+                               struct bkey_i *new,
+                               unsigned flags)
+{
+       return trigger_run_overwrite_then_insert(__trans_mark_reservation, trans, btree_id, level, old, new, flags);
+}
+
+static int trans_mark_reflink_p_segment(struct btree_trans *trans,
                        struct bkey_s_c_reflink_p p,
                        u64 *idx, unsigned flags)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
        struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
-       struct bkey_i *n;
+       struct bkey_i *k;
        __le64 *refcount;
        int add = !(flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE) ? 1 : -1;
        struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
        int ret;
 
-       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &iter, BTREE_ID_reflink, POS(0, *idx),
-                            BTREE_ITER_INTENT|
-                            BTREE_ITER_WITH_UPDATES);
-       k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&iter);
-       ret = bkey_err(k);
-       if (ret)
-               goto err;
-
-       n = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, bkey_bytes(k.k));
-       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(n);
+       k = bch2_bkey_get_mut_noupdate(trans, &iter,
+                       BTREE_ID_reflink, POS(0, *idx),
+                       BTREE_ITER_WITH_UPDATES);
+       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(k);
        if (ret)
                goto err;
 
-       bkey_reassemble(n, k);
-
-       refcount = bkey_refcount(n);
+       refcount = bkey_refcount(k);
        if (!refcount) {
                bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, p.s_c);
                bch2_trans_inconsistent(trans,
@@ -1766,12 +1775,12 @@ static int __bch2_trans_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
                u64 pad;
 
                pad = max_t(s64, le32_to_cpu(v->front_pad),
-                           le64_to_cpu(v->idx) - bkey_start_offset(k.k));
+                           le64_to_cpu(v->idx) - bkey_start_offset(&k->k));
                BUG_ON(pad > U32_MAX);
                v->front_pad = cpu_to_le32(pad);
 
                pad = max_t(s64, le32_to_cpu(v->back_pad),
-                           k.k->p.offset - p.k->size - le64_to_cpu(v->idx));
+                           k->k.p.offset - p.k->size - le64_to_cpu(v->idx));
                BUG_ON(pad > U32_MAX);
                v->back_pad = cpu_to_le32(pad);
        }
@@ -1779,45 +1788,49 @@ static int __bch2_trans_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
        le64_add_cpu(refcount, add);
 
        bch2_btree_iter_set_pos_to_extent_start(&iter);
-       ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, n, 0);
+       ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, k, 0);
        if (ret)
                goto err;
 
-       *idx = k.k->p.offset;
+       *idx = k->k.p.offset;
 err:
        bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
        printbuf_exit(&buf);
        return ret;
 }
 
-int bch2_trans_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                             struct bkey_s_c old,
-                             struct bkey_i *new,
-                             unsigned flags)
+static int __trans_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                               enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                               struct bkey_s_c k, unsigned flags)
 {
-       struct bkey_s_c k = flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_OVERWRITE
-               ? old
-               : bkey_i_to_s_c(new);
        struct bkey_s_c_reflink_p p = bkey_s_c_to_reflink_p(k);
        u64 idx, end_idx;
        int ret = 0;
 
-       if (flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_INSERT) {
-               struct bch_reflink_p *v = (struct bch_reflink_p *) p.v;
-
-               v->front_pad = v->back_pad = 0;
-       }
-
        idx     = le64_to_cpu(p.v->idx) - le32_to_cpu(p.v->front_pad);
        end_idx = le64_to_cpu(p.v->idx) + p.k->size +
                le32_to_cpu(p.v->back_pad);
 
        while (idx < end_idx && !ret)
-               ret = __bch2_trans_mark_reflink_p(trans, p, &idx, flags);
-
+               ret = trans_mark_reflink_p_segment(trans, p, &idx, flags);
        return ret;
 }
 
+int bch2_trans_mark_reflink_p(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                             enum btree_id btree_id, unsigned level,
+                             struct bkey_s_c old,
+                             struct bkey_i *new,
+                             unsigned flags)
+{
+       if (flags & BTREE_TRIGGER_INSERT) {
+               struct bch_reflink_p *v = &bkey_i_to_reflink_p(new)->v;
+
+               v->front_pad = v->back_pad = 0;
+       }
+
+       return trigger_run_overwrite_then_insert(__trans_mark_reflink_p, trans, btree_id, level, old, new, flags);
+}
+
 static int __bch2_trans_mark_metadata_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
                                    struct bch_dev *ca, size_t b,
                                    enum bch_data_type type,
@@ -1838,8 +1851,9 @@ static int __bch2_trans_mark_metadata_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
        if (IS_ERR(a))
                return PTR_ERR(a);
 
-       if (a->v.data_type && a->v.data_type != type) {
+       if (a->v.data_type && type && a->v.data_type != type) {
                bch2_fsck_err(c, FSCK_CAN_IGNORE|FSCK_NEED_FSCK,
+                             BCH_FSCK_ERR_bucket_metadata_type_mismatch,
                        "bucket %llu:%llu gen %u different types of data in same bucket: %s, %s\n"
                        "while marking %s",
                        iter.pos.inode, iter.pos.offset, a->v.gen,
@@ -1847,16 +1861,16 @@ static int __bch2_trans_mark_metadata_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
                        bch2_data_types[type],
                        bch2_data_types[type]);
                ret = -EIO;
-               goto out;
+               goto err;
        }
 
-       a->v.data_type          = type;
-       a->v.dirty_sectors      = sectors;
-
-       ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, &a->k_i, 0);
-       if (ret)
-               goto out;
-out:
+       if (a->v.data_type      != type ||
+           a->v.dirty_sectors  != sectors) {
+               a->v.data_type          = type;
+               a->v.dirty_sectors      = sectors;
+               ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, &a->k_i, 0);
+       }
+err:
        bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
        return ret;
 }
@@ -1866,7 +1880,7 @@ int bch2_trans_mark_metadata_bucket(struct btree_trans *trans,
                                    enum bch_data_type type,
                                    unsigned sectors)
 {
-       return __bch2_trans_do(trans, NULL, NULL, 0,
+       return commit_do(trans, NULL, NULL, 0,
                        __bch2_trans_mark_metadata_bucket(trans, ca, b, type, sectors));
 }
 
@@ -1944,15 +1958,34 @@ static int __bch2_trans_mark_dev_sb(struct btree_trans *trans,
 
 int bch2_trans_mark_dev_sb(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
 {
-       return bch2_trans_do(c, NULL, NULL, BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW,
-                       __bch2_trans_mark_dev_sb(&trans, ca));
+       int ret = bch2_trans_run(c, __bch2_trans_mark_dev_sb(trans, ca));
+
+       if (ret)
+               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+int bch2_trans_mark_dev_sbs(struct bch_fs *c)
+{
+       struct bch_dev *ca;
+       unsigned i;
+
+       for_each_online_member(ca, c, i) {
+               int ret = bch2_trans_mark_dev_sb(c, ca);
+               if (ret) {
+                       percpu_ref_put(&ca->ref);
+                       return ret;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return 0;
 }
 
 /* Disk reservations: */
 
 #define SECTORS_CACHE  1024
 
-int bch2_disk_reservation_add(struct bch_fs *c, struct disk_reservation *res,
+int __bch2_disk_reservation_add(struct bch_fs *c, struct disk_reservation *res,
                              u64 sectors, int flags)
 {
        struct bch_fs_pcpu *pcpu;
@@ -2005,7 +2038,7 @@ recalculate:
                ret = 0;
        } else {
                atomic64_set(&c->sectors_available, sectors_available);
-               ret = -ENOSPC;
+               ret = -BCH_ERR_ENOSPC_disk_reservation;
        }
 
        mutex_unlock(&c->sectors_available_lock);
@@ -2029,21 +2062,25 @@ int bch2_dev_buckets_resize(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca, u64 nbuckets)
        struct bucket_gens *bucket_gens = NULL, *old_bucket_gens = NULL;
        unsigned long *buckets_nouse = NULL;
        bool resize = ca->bucket_gens != NULL;
-       int ret = -ENOMEM;
+       int ret;
 
        if (!(bucket_gens       = kvpmalloc(sizeof(struct bucket_gens) + nbuckets,
-                                           GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_ZERO)) ||
-           (c->opts.buckets_nouse &&
+                                           GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_ZERO))) {
+               ret = -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_bucket_gens;
+               goto err;
+       }
+
+       if ((c->opts.buckets_nouse &&
             !(buckets_nouse    = kvpmalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(nbuckets) *
                                            sizeof(unsigned long),
-                                           GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_ZERO))))
+                                           GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_ZERO)))) {
+               ret = -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_buckets_nouse;
                goto err;
+       }
 
        bucket_gens->first_bucket = ca->mi.first_bucket;
        bucket_gens->nbuckets   = nbuckets;
 
-       bch2_copygc_stop(c);
-
        if (resize) {
                down_write(&c->gc_lock);
                down_write(&ca->bucket_lock);
@@ -2107,13 +2144,13 @@ int bch2_dev_buckets_alloc(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
 
        ca->usage_base = kzalloc(sizeof(struct bch_dev_usage), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!ca->usage_base)
-               return -ENOMEM;
+               return -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_usage_init;
 
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ca->usage); i++) {
                ca->usage[i] = alloc_percpu(struct bch_dev_usage);
                if (!ca->usage[i])
-                       return -ENOMEM;
+                       return -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_usage_init;
        }
 
-       return bch2_dev_buckets_resize(c, ca, ca->mi.nbuckets);;
+       return bch2_dev_buckets_resize(c, ca, ca->mi.nbuckets);
 }