]> git.sesse.net Git - bcachefs-tools-debian/blobdiff - libbcachefs/fs-io.c
Update bcachefs sources to 2115a2ffde bcachefs: Kill bch2_verify_bucket_evacuated()
[bcachefs-tools-debian] / libbcachefs / fs-io.c
index 92fa72cb32161d0754c723274dc90fc22c85eab8..43c39c62740307d5b2987fe5efe5f87e9af661f6 100644 (file)
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 #include "bcachefs.h"
 #include "alloc_foreground.h"
-#include "bkey_on_stack.h"
+#include "bkey_buf.h"
 #include "btree_update.h"
 #include "buckets.h"
 #include "clock.h"
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <linux/migrate.h>
 #include <linux/mmu_context.h>
 #include <linux/pagevec.h>
+#include <linux/rmap.h>
 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
 #include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>
 #include <linux/uio.h>
 #include <trace/events/bcachefs.h>
 #include <trace/events/writeback.h>
 
+/*
+ * Use u64 for the end pos and sector helpers because if the folio covers the
+ * max supported range of the mapping, the start offset of the next folio
+ * overflows loff_t. This breaks much of the range based processing in the
+ * buffered write path.
+ */
+static inline u64 folio_end_pos(struct folio *folio)
+{
+       return folio_pos(folio) + folio_size(folio);
+}
+
+static inline size_t folio_sectors(struct folio *folio)
+{
+       return PAGE_SECTORS << folio_order(folio);
+}
+
+static inline loff_t folio_sector(struct folio *folio)
+{
+       return folio_pos(folio) >> 9;
+}
+
+static inline u64 folio_end_sector(struct folio *folio)
+{
+       return folio_end_pos(folio) >> 9;
+}
+
+typedef DARRAY(struct folio *) folios;
+
+static int filemap_get_contig_folios_d(struct address_space *mapping,
+                                      loff_t start, u64 end,
+                                      int fgp_flags, gfp_t gfp,
+                                      folios *folios)
+{
+       struct folio *f;
+       u64 pos = start;
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       while (pos < end) {
+               if ((u64) pos >= (u64) start + (1ULL << 20))
+                       fgp_flags &= ~FGP_CREAT;
+
+               ret = darray_make_room_gfp(folios, 1, gfp & GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (ret)
+                       break;
+
+               f = __filemap_get_folio(mapping, pos >> PAGE_SHIFT, fgp_flags, gfp);
+               if (!f)
+                       break;
+
+               BUG_ON(folios->nr && folio_pos(f) != pos);
+
+               pos = folio_end_pos(f);
+               darray_push(folios, f);
+       }
+
+       if (!folios->nr && !ret && (fgp_flags & FGP_CREAT))
+               ret = -ENOMEM;
+
+       return folios->nr ? 0 : ret;
+}
+
+struct nocow_flush {
+       struct closure  *cl;
+       struct bch_dev  *ca;
+       struct bio      bio;
+};
+
+static void nocow_flush_endio(struct bio *_bio)
+{
+
+       struct nocow_flush *bio = container_of(_bio, struct nocow_flush, bio);
+
+       closure_put(bio->cl);
+       percpu_ref_put(&bio->ca->io_ref);
+       bio_put(&bio->bio);
+}
+
+static void bch2_inode_flush_nocow_writes_async(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                               struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                                               struct closure *cl)
+{
+       struct nocow_flush *bio;
+       struct bch_dev *ca;
+       struct bch_devs_mask devs;
+       unsigned dev;
+
+       dev = find_first_bit(inode->ei_devs_need_flush.d, BCH_SB_MEMBERS_MAX);
+       if (dev == BCH_SB_MEMBERS_MAX)
+               return;
+
+       devs = inode->ei_devs_need_flush;
+       memset(&inode->ei_devs_need_flush, 0, sizeof(inode->ei_devs_need_flush));
+
+       for_each_set_bit(dev, devs.d, BCH_SB_MEMBERS_MAX) {
+               rcu_read_lock();
+               ca = rcu_dereference(c->devs[dev]);
+               if (ca && !percpu_ref_tryget(&ca->io_ref))
+                       ca = NULL;
+               rcu_read_unlock();
+
+               if (!ca)
+                       continue;
+
+               bio = container_of(bio_alloc_bioset(ca->disk_sb.bdev, 0,
+                                                   REQ_OP_FLUSH,
+                                                   GFP_KERNEL,
+                                                   &c->nocow_flush_bioset),
+                                  struct nocow_flush, bio);
+               bio->cl                 = cl;
+               bio->ca                 = ca;
+               bio->bio.bi_end_io      = nocow_flush_endio;
+               closure_bio_submit(&bio->bio, cl);
+       }
+}
+
+static int bch2_inode_flush_nocow_writes(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                        struct bch_inode_info *inode)
+{
+       struct closure cl;
+
+       closure_init_stack(&cl);
+       bch2_inode_flush_nocow_writes_async(c, inode, &cl);
+       closure_sync(&cl);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static inline bool bio_full(struct bio *bio, unsigned len)
+{
+       if (bio->bi_vcnt >= bio->bi_max_vecs)
+               return true;
+       if (bio->bi_iter.bi_size > UINT_MAX - len)
+               return true;
+       return false;
+}
+
+static inline struct address_space *faults_disabled_mapping(void)
+{
+       return (void *) (((unsigned long) current->faults_disabled_mapping) & ~1UL);
+}
+
+static inline void set_fdm_dropped_locks(void)
+{
+       current->faults_disabled_mapping =
+               (void *) (((unsigned long) current->faults_disabled_mapping)|1);
+}
+
+static inline bool fdm_dropped_locks(void)
+{
+       return ((unsigned long) current->faults_disabled_mapping) & 1;
+}
+
 struct quota_res {
        u64                             sectors;
 };
 
 struct bch_writepage_io {
-       struct closure                  cl;
        struct bch_inode_info           *inode;
 
        /* must be last: */
@@ -47,13 +199,17 @@ struct bch_writepage_io {
 };
 
 struct dio_write {
-       struct completion               done;
        struct kiocb                    *req;
+       struct address_space            *mapping;
+       struct bch_inode_info           *inode;
        struct mm_struct                *mm;
        unsigned                        loop:1,
+                                       extending:1,
                                        sync:1,
+                                       flush:1,
                                        free_iov:1;
        struct quota_res                quota_res;
+       u64                             written;
 
        struct iov_iter                 iter;
        struct iovec                    inline_vecs[2];
@@ -66,11 +222,12 @@ struct dio_read {
        struct closure                  cl;
        struct kiocb                    *req;
        long                            ret;
+       bool                            should_dirty;
        struct bch_read_bio             rbio;
 };
 
 /* pagecache_block must be held */
-static int write_invalidate_inode_pages_range(struct address_space *mapping,
+static noinline int write_invalidate_inode_pages_range(struct address_space *mapping,
                                              loff_t start, loff_t end)
 {
        int ret;
@@ -80,8 +237,7 @@ static int write_invalidate_inode_pages_range(struct address_space *mapping,
         * is continually redirtying a specific page
         */
        do {
-               if (!mapping->nrpages &&
-                   !mapping->nrexceptional)
+               if (!mapping->nrpages)
                        return 0;
 
                ret = filemap_write_and_wait_range(mapping, start, end);
@@ -103,28 +259,33 @@ static int write_invalidate_inode_pages_range(struct address_space *mapping,
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_BCACHEFS_QUOTA
 
-static void bch2_quota_reservation_put(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                      struct bch_inode_info *inode,
-                                      struct quota_res *res)
+static void __bch2_quota_reservation_put(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                        struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                                        struct quota_res *res)
 {
-       if (!res->sectors)
-               return;
-
-       mutex_lock(&inode->ei_quota_lock);
        BUG_ON(res->sectors > inode->ei_quota_reserved);
 
        bch2_quota_acct(c, inode->ei_qid, Q_SPC,
                        -((s64) res->sectors), KEY_TYPE_QUOTA_PREALLOC);
        inode->ei_quota_reserved -= res->sectors;
-       mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_quota_lock);
-
        res->sectors = 0;
 }
 
+static void bch2_quota_reservation_put(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                      struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                                      struct quota_res *res)
+{
+       if (res->sectors) {
+               mutex_lock(&inode->ei_quota_lock);
+               __bch2_quota_reservation_put(c, inode, res);
+               mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_quota_lock);
+       }
+}
+
 static int bch2_quota_reservation_add(struct bch_fs *c,
                                      struct bch_inode_info *inode,
                                      struct quota_res *res,
-                                     unsigned sectors,
+                                     u64 sectors,
                                      bool check_enospc)
 {
        int ret;
@@ -143,11 +304,13 @@ static int bch2_quota_reservation_add(struct bch_fs *c,
 
 #else
 
+static void __bch2_quota_reservation_put(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                        struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                                        struct quota_res *res) {}
+
 static void bch2_quota_reservation_put(struct bch_fs *c,
                                       struct bch_inode_info *inode,
-                                      struct quota_res *res)
-{
-}
+                                      struct quota_res *res) {}
 
 static int bch2_quota_reservation_add(struct bch_fs *c,
                                      struct bch_inode_info *inode,
@@ -198,13 +361,15 @@ int __must_check bch2_write_inode_size(struct bch_fs *c,
        return bch2_write_inode(c, inode, inode_set_size, &s, fields);
 }
 
-static void i_sectors_acct(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+static void __i_sectors_acct(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_inode_info *inode,
                           struct quota_res *quota_res, s64 sectors)
 {
-       if (!sectors)
-               return;
+       bch2_fs_inconsistent_on((s64) inode->v.i_blocks + sectors < 0, c,
+                               "inode %lu i_blocks underflow: %llu + %lli < 0 (ondisk %lli)",
+                               inode->v.i_ino, (u64) inode->v.i_blocks, sectors,
+                               inode->ei_inode.bi_sectors);
+       inode->v.i_blocks += sectors;
 
-       mutex_lock(&inode->ei_quota_lock);
 #ifdef CONFIG_BCACHEFS_QUOTA
        if (quota_res && sectors > 0) {
                BUG_ON(sectors > quota_res->sectors);
@@ -216,102 +381,361 @@ static void i_sectors_acct(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_inode_info *inode,
                bch2_quota_acct(c, inode->ei_qid, Q_SPC, sectors, KEY_TYPE_QUOTA_WARN);
        }
 #endif
-       inode->v.i_blocks += sectors;
-       mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_quota_lock);
+}
+
+static void i_sectors_acct(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                          struct quota_res *quota_res, s64 sectors)
+{
+       if (sectors) {
+               mutex_lock(&inode->ei_quota_lock);
+               __i_sectors_acct(c, inode, quota_res, sectors);
+               mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_quota_lock);
+       }
 }
 
 /* page state: */
 
 /* stored in page->private: */
 
-struct bch_page_sector {
-       /* Uncompressed, fully allocated replicas: */
-       unsigned                nr_replicas:3;
+#define BCH_FOLIO_SECTOR_STATE()       \
+       x(unallocated)                  \
+       x(reserved)                     \
+       x(dirty)                        \
+       x(dirty_reserved)               \
+       x(allocated)
+
+enum bch_folio_sector_state {
+#define x(n)   SECTOR_##n,
+       BCH_FOLIO_SECTOR_STATE()
+#undef x
+};
 
-       /* Owns PAGE_SECTORS * replicas_reserved sized reservation: */
-       unsigned                replicas_reserved:3;
+const char * const bch2_folio_sector_states[] = {
+#define x(n)   #n,
+       BCH_FOLIO_SECTOR_STATE()
+#undef x
+       NULL
+};
+
+static inline enum bch_folio_sector_state
+folio_sector_dirty(enum bch_folio_sector_state state)
+{
+       switch (state) {
+       case SECTOR_unallocated:
+               return SECTOR_dirty;
+       case SECTOR_reserved:
+               return SECTOR_dirty_reserved;
+       default:
+               return state;
+       }
+}
+
+static inline enum bch_folio_sector_state
+folio_sector_undirty(enum bch_folio_sector_state state)
+{
+       switch (state) {
+       case SECTOR_dirty:
+               return SECTOR_unallocated;
+       case SECTOR_dirty_reserved:
+               return SECTOR_reserved;
+       default:
+               return state;
+       }
+}
+
+static inline enum bch_folio_sector_state
+folio_sector_reserve(enum bch_folio_sector_state state)
+{
+       switch (state) {
+       case SECTOR_unallocated:
+               return SECTOR_reserved;
+       case SECTOR_dirty:
+               return SECTOR_dirty_reserved;
+       default:
+               return state;
+       }
+}
+
+struct bch_folio_sector {
+       /* Uncompressed, fully allocated replicas (or on disk reservation): */
+       unsigned                nr_replicas:4;
+
+       /* Owns PAGE_SECTORS * replicas_reserved sized in memory reservation: */
+       unsigned                replicas_reserved:4;
 
        /* i_sectors: */
-       enum {
-               SECTOR_UNALLOCATED,
-               SECTOR_RESERVED,
-               SECTOR_DIRTY,
-               SECTOR_ALLOCATED,
-       }                       state:2;
+       enum bch_folio_sector_state state:8;
 };
 
-struct bch_page_state {
+struct bch_folio {
        spinlock_t              lock;
        atomic_t                write_count;
-       struct bch_page_sector  s[PAGE_SECTORS];
+       /*
+        * Is the sector state up to date with the btree?
+        * (Not the data itself)
+        */
+       bool                    uptodate;
+       struct bch_folio_sector s[];
 };
 
-static inline struct bch_page_state *__bch2_page_state(struct page *page)
+static inline void folio_sector_set(struct folio *folio,
+                            struct bch_folio *s,
+                            unsigned i, unsigned n)
 {
-       return page_has_private(page)
-               ? (struct bch_page_state *) page_private(page)
-               : NULL;
+       s->s[i].state = n;
 }
 
-static inline struct bch_page_state *bch2_page_state(struct page *page)
+/* file offset (to folio offset) to bch_folio_sector index */
+static inline int folio_pos_to_s(struct folio *folio, loff_t pos)
 {
-       EBUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
-
-       return __bch2_page_state(page);
+       u64 f_offset = pos - folio_pos(folio);
+       BUG_ON(pos < folio_pos(folio) || pos >= folio_end_pos(folio));
+       return f_offset >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
 }
 
-/* for newly allocated pages: */
-static void __bch2_page_state_release(struct page *page)
+static inline struct bch_folio *__bch2_folio(struct folio *folio)
 {
-       struct bch_page_state *s = __bch2_page_state(page);
+       return folio_has_private(folio)
+               ? (struct bch_folio *) folio_get_private(folio)
+               : NULL;
+}
 
-       if (!s)
-               return;
+static inline struct bch_folio *bch2_folio(struct folio *folio)
+{
+       EBUG_ON(!folio_test_locked(folio));
 
-       ClearPagePrivate(page);
-       set_page_private(page, 0);
-       put_page(page);
-       kfree(s);
+       return __bch2_folio(folio);
 }
 
-static void bch2_page_state_release(struct page *page)
+/* for newly allocated folios: */
+static void __bch2_folio_release(struct folio *folio)
 {
-       struct bch_page_state *s = bch2_page_state(page);
-
-       if (!s)
-               return;
+       kfree(folio_detach_private(folio));
+}
 
-       ClearPagePrivate(page);
-       set_page_private(page, 0);
-       put_page(page);
-       kfree(s);
+static void bch2_folio_release(struct folio *folio)
+{
+       EBUG_ON(!folio_test_locked(folio));
+       __bch2_folio_release(folio);
 }
 
-/* for newly allocated pages: */
-static struct bch_page_state *__bch2_page_state_create(struct page *page,
-                                                      gfp_t gfp)
+/* for newly allocated folios: */
+static struct bch_folio *__bch2_folio_create(struct folio *folio, gfp_t gfp)
 {
-       struct bch_page_state *s;
+       struct bch_folio *s;
 
-       s = kzalloc(sizeof(*s), GFP_NOFS|gfp);
+       s = kzalloc(sizeof(*s) +
+                   sizeof(struct bch_folio_sector) *
+                   folio_sectors(folio), GFP_NOFS|gfp);
        if (!s)
                return NULL;
 
        spin_lock_init(&s->lock);
-       /*
-        * migrate_page_move_mapping() assumes that pages with private data
-        * have their count elevated by 1.
-        */
-       get_page(page);
-       set_page_private(page, (unsigned long) s);
-       SetPagePrivate(page);
+       folio_attach_private(folio, s);
        return s;
 }
 
-static struct bch_page_state *bch2_page_state_create(struct page *page,
-                                                    gfp_t gfp)
+static struct bch_folio *bch2_folio_create(struct folio *folio, gfp_t gfp)
+{
+       return bch2_folio(folio) ?: __bch2_folio_create(folio, gfp);
+}
+
+static unsigned bkey_to_sector_state(struct bkey_s_c k)
+{
+       if (bkey_extent_is_reservation(k))
+               return SECTOR_reserved;
+       if (bkey_extent_is_allocation(k.k))
+               return SECTOR_allocated;
+       return SECTOR_unallocated;
+}
+
+static void __bch2_folio_set(struct folio *folio,
+                            unsigned pg_offset, unsigned pg_len,
+                            unsigned nr_ptrs, unsigned state)
+{
+       struct bch_folio *s = bch2_folio_create(folio, __GFP_NOFAIL);
+       unsigned i, sectors = folio_sectors(folio);
+
+       BUG_ON(pg_offset >= sectors);
+       BUG_ON(pg_offset + pg_len > sectors);
+
+       spin_lock(&s->lock);
+
+       for (i = pg_offset; i < pg_offset + pg_len; i++) {
+               s->s[i].nr_replicas     = nr_ptrs;
+               folio_sector_set(folio, s, i, state);
+       }
+
+       if (i == sectors)
+               s->uptodate = true;
+
+       spin_unlock(&s->lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize bch_folio state (allocated/unallocated, nr_replicas) from the
+ * extents btree:
+ */
+static int bch2_folio_set(struct bch_fs *c, subvol_inum inum,
+                         struct folio **folios, unsigned nr_folios)
+{
+       struct btree_trans trans;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_s_c k;
+       u64 offset = folio_sector(folios[0]);
+       unsigned folio_idx = 0;
+       u32 snapshot;
+       int ret;
+
+       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
+retry:
+       bch2_trans_begin(&trans);
+
+       ret = bch2_subvolume_get_snapshot(&trans, inum.subvol, &snapshot);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+
+       for_each_btree_key_norestart(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
+                          SPOS(inum.inum, offset, snapshot),
+                          BTREE_ITER_SLOTS, k, ret) {
+               unsigned nr_ptrs = bch2_bkey_nr_ptrs_fully_allocated(k);
+               unsigned state = bkey_to_sector_state(k);
+
+               while (folio_idx < nr_folios) {
+                       struct folio *folio = folios[folio_idx];
+                       u64 folio_start = folio_sector(folio);
+                       u64 folio_end   = folio_end_sector(folio);
+                       unsigned folio_offset = max(bkey_start_offset(k.k), folio_start) - folio_start;
+                       unsigned folio_len = min(k.k->p.offset, folio_end) - folio_offset - folio_start;
+
+                       BUG_ON(k.k->p.offset < folio_start);
+                       BUG_ON(bkey_start_offset(k.k) > folio_end);
+
+                       if (!bch2_folio_create(folio, __GFP_NOFAIL)->uptodate)
+                               __bch2_folio_set(folio, folio_offset, folio_len, nr_ptrs, state);
+
+                       if (k.k->p.offset < folio_end)
+                               break;
+                       folio_idx++;
+               }
+
+               if (folio_idx == nr_folios)
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       offset = iter.pos.offset;
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
+err:
+       if (bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
+               goto retry;
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static void bch2_bio_page_state_set(struct bio *bio, struct bkey_s_c k)
 {
-       return bch2_page_state(page) ?: __bch2_page_state_create(page, gfp);
+       struct bvec_iter iter;
+       struct folio_vec fv;
+       unsigned nr_ptrs = k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_reflink_v
+               ? 0 : bch2_bkey_nr_ptrs_fully_allocated(k);
+       unsigned state = bkey_to_sector_state(k);
+
+       bio_for_each_folio(fv, bio, iter)
+               __bch2_folio_set(fv.fv_folio,
+                                fv.fv_offset >> 9,
+                                fv.fv_len >> 9,
+                                nr_ptrs, state);
+}
+
+static void mark_pagecache_unallocated(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                                      u64 start, u64 end)
+{
+       pgoff_t index = start >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
+       pgoff_t end_index = (end - 1) >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
+       struct folio_batch fbatch;
+       unsigned i, j;
+
+       if (end <= start)
+               return;
+
+       folio_batch_init(&fbatch);
+
+       while (filemap_get_folios(inode->v.i_mapping,
+                                 &index, end_index, &fbatch)) {
+               for (i = 0; i < folio_batch_count(&fbatch); i++) {
+                       struct folio *folio = fbatch.folios[i];
+                       u64 folio_start = folio_sector(folio);
+                       u64 folio_end = folio_end_sector(folio);
+                       unsigned folio_offset = max(start, folio_start) - folio_start;
+                       unsigned folio_len = min(end, folio_end) - folio_offset - folio_start;
+                       struct bch_folio *s;
+
+                       BUG_ON(end <= folio_start);
+
+                       folio_lock(folio);
+                       s = bch2_folio(folio);
+
+                       if (s) {
+                               spin_lock(&s->lock);
+                               for (j = folio_offset; j < folio_offset + folio_len; j++)
+                                       s->s[j].nr_replicas = 0;
+                               spin_unlock(&s->lock);
+                       }
+
+                       folio_unlock(folio);
+               }
+               folio_batch_release(&fbatch);
+               cond_resched();
+       }
+}
+
+static void mark_pagecache_reserved(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                                   u64 start, u64 end)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
+       pgoff_t index = start >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
+       pgoff_t end_index = (end - 1) >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
+       struct folio_batch fbatch;
+       s64 i_sectors_delta = 0;
+       unsigned i, j;
+
+       if (end <= start)
+               return;
+
+       folio_batch_init(&fbatch);
+
+       while (filemap_get_folios(inode->v.i_mapping,
+                                 &index, end_index, &fbatch)) {
+               for (i = 0; i < folio_batch_count(&fbatch); i++) {
+                       struct folio *folio = fbatch.folios[i];
+                       u64 folio_start = folio_sector(folio);
+                       u64 folio_end = folio_end_sector(folio);
+                       unsigned folio_offset = max(start, folio_start) - folio_start;
+                       unsigned folio_len = min(end, folio_end) - folio_offset - folio_start;
+                       struct bch_folio *s;
+
+                       BUG_ON(end <= folio_start);
+
+                       folio_lock(folio);
+                       s = bch2_folio(folio);
+
+                       if (s) {
+                               spin_lock(&s->lock);
+                               for (j = folio_offset; j < folio_offset + folio_len; j++) {
+                                       i_sectors_delta -= s->s[j].state == SECTOR_dirty;
+                                       folio_sector_set(folio, s, j, folio_sector_reserve(s->s[j].state));
+                               }
+                               spin_unlock(&s->lock);
+                       }
+
+                       folio_unlock(folio);
+               }
+               folio_batch_release(&fbatch);
+               cond_resched();
+       }
+
+       i_sectors_acct(c, inode, NULL, i_sectors_delta);
 }
 
 static inline unsigned inode_nr_replicas(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_inode_info *inode)
@@ -322,28 +746,28 @@ static inline unsigned inode_nr_replicas(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_inode_info
                : c->opts.data_replicas;
 }
 
-static inline unsigned sectors_to_reserve(struct bch_page_sector *s,
-                                                 unsigned nr_replicas)
+static inline unsigned sectors_to_reserve(struct bch_folio_sector *s,
+                                         unsigned nr_replicas)
 {
        return max(0, (int) nr_replicas -
                   s->nr_replicas -
                   s->replicas_reserved);
 }
 
-static int bch2_get_page_disk_reservation(struct bch_fs *c,
+static int bch2_get_folio_disk_reservation(struct bch_fs *c,
                                struct bch_inode_info *inode,
-                               struct page *page, bool check_enospc)
+                               struct folio *folio, bool check_enospc)
 {
-       struct bch_page_state *s = bch2_page_state_create(page, 0);
+       struct bch_folio *s = bch2_folio_create(folio, 0);
        unsigned nr_replicas = inode_nr_replicas(c, inode);
        struct disk_reservation disk_res = { 0 };
-       unsigned i, disk_res_sectors = 0;
+       unsigned i, sectors = folio_sectors(folio), disk_res_sectors = 0;
        int ret;
 
        if (!s)
                return -ENOMEM;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(s->s); i++)
+       for (i = 0; i < sectors; i++)
                disk_res_sectors += sectors_to_reserve(&s->s[i], nr_replicas);
 
        if (!disk_res_sectors)
@@ -357,69 +781,67 @@ static int bch2_get_page_disk_reservation(struct bch_fs *c,
        if (unlikely(ret))
                return ret;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(s->s); i++)
+       for (i = 0; i < sectors; i++)
                s->s[i].replicas_reserved +=
                        sectors_to_reserve(&s->s[i], nr_replicas);
 
        return 0;
 }
 
-struct bch2_page_reservation {
+struct bch2_folio_reservation {
        struct disk_reservation disk;
        struct quota_res        quota;
 };
 
-static void bch2_page_reservation_init(struct bch_fs *c,
+static void bch2_folio_reservation_init(struct bch_fs *c,
                        struct bch_inode_info *inode,
-                       struct bch2_page_reservation *res)
+                       struct bch2_folio_reservation *res)
 {
        memset(res, 0, sizeof(*res));
 
        res->disk.nr_replicas = inode_nr_replicas(c, inode);
 }
 
-static void bch2_page_reservation_put(struct bch_fs *c,
+static void bch2_folio_reservation_put(struct bch_fs *c,
                        struct bch_inode_info *inode,
-                       struct bch2_page_reservation *res)
+                       struct bch2_folio_reservation *res)
 {
        bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &res->disk);
        bch2_quota_reservation_put(c, inode, &res->quota);
 }
 
-static int bch2_page_reservation_get(struct bch_fs *c,
-                       struct bch_inode_info *inode, struct page *page,
-                       struct bch2_page_reservation *res,
-                       unsigned offset, unsigned len, bool check_enospc)
+static int bch2_folio_reservation_get(struct bch_fs *c,
+                       struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                       struct folio *folio,
+                       struct bch2_folio_reservation *res,
+                       unsigned offset, unsigned len)
 {
-       struct bch_page_state *s = bch2_page_state_create(page, 0);
+       struct bch_folio *s = bch2_folio_create(folio, 0);
        unsigned i, disk_sectors = 0, quota_sectors = 0;
        int ret;
 
        if (!s)
                return -ENOMEM;
 
+       BUG_ON(!s->uptodate);
+
        for (i = round_down(offset, block_bytes(c)) >> 9;
             i < round_up(offset + len, block_bytes(c)) >> 9;
             i++) {
                disk_sectors += sectors_to_reserve(&s->s[i],
                                                res->disk.nr_replicas);
-               quota_sectors += s->s[i].state == SECTOR_UNALLOCATED;
+               quota_sectors += s->s[i].state == SECTOR_unallocated;
        }
 
        if (disk_sectors) {
-               ret = bch2_disk_reservation_add(c, &res->disk,
-                                               disk_sectors,
-                                               !check_enospc
-                                               ? BCH_DISK_RESERVATION_NOFAIL
-                                               : 0);
+               ret = bch2_disk_reservation_add(c, &res->disk, disk_sectors, 0);
                if (unlikely(ret))
                        return ret;
        }
 
        if (quota_sectors) {
                ret = bch2_quota_reservation_add(c, inode, &res->quota,
-                                                quota_sectors,
-                                                check_enospc);
+                                                quota_sectors, true);
                if (unlikely(ret)) {
                        struct disk_reservation tmp = {
                                .sectors = disk_sectors
@@ -434,49 +856,49 @@ static int bch2_page_reservation_get(struct bch_fs *c,
        return 0;
 }
 
-static void bch2_clear_page_bits(struct page *page)
+static void bch2_clear_folio_bits(struct folio *folio)
 {
-       struct bch_inode_info *inode = to_bch_ei(page->mapping->host);
+       struct bch_inode_info *inode = to_bch_ei(folio->mapping->host);
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct bch_page_state *s = bch2_page_state(page);
+       struct bch_folio *s = bch2_folio(folio);
        struct disk_reservation disk_res = { 0 };
-       int i, dirty_sectors = 0;
+       int i, sectors = folio_sectors(folio), dirty_sectors = 0;
 
        if (!s)
                return;
 
-       EBUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
-       EBUG_ON(PageWriteback(page));
+       EBUG_ON(!folio_test_locked(folio));
+       EBUG_ON(folio_test_writeback(folio));
 
-       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(s->s); i++) {
+       for (i = 0; i < sectors; i++) {
                disk_res.sectors += s->s[i].replicas_reserved;
                s->s[i].replicas_reserved = 0;
 
-               if (s->s[i].state == SECTOR_DIRTY) {
-                       dirty_sectors++;
-                       s->s[i].state = SECTOR_UNALLOCATED;
-               }
+               dirty_sectors -= s->s[i].state == SECTOR_dirty;
+               folio_sector_set(folio, s, i, folio_sector_undirty(s->s[i].state));
        }
 
        bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &disk_res);
 
-       if (dirty_sectors)
-               i_sectors_acct(c, inode, NULL, -dirty_sectors);
+       i_sectors_acct(c, inode, NULL, dirty_sectors);
 
-       bch2_page_state_release(page);
+       bch2_folio_release(folio);
 }
 
-static void bch2_set_page_dirty(struct bch_fs *c,
-                       struct bch_inode_info *inode, struct page *page,
-                       struct bch2_page_reservation *res,
+static void bch2_set_folio_dirty(struct bch_fs *c,
+                       struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                       struct folio *folio,
+                       struct bch2_folio_reservation *res,
                        unsigned offset, unsigned len)
 {
-       struct bch_page_state *s = bch2_page_state(page);
+       struct bch_folio *s = bch2_folio(folio);
        unsigned i, dirty_sectors = 0;
 
-       WARN_ON((u64) page_offset(page) + offset + len >
+       WARN_ON((u64) folio_pos(folio) + offset + len >
                round_up((u64) i_size_read(&inode->v), block_bytes(c)));
 
+       BUG_ON(!s->uptodate);
+
        spin_lock(&s->lock);
 
        for (i = round_down(offset, block_bytes(c)) >> 9;
@@ -494,47 +916,70 @@ static void bch2_set_page_dirty(struct bch_fs *c,
                s->s[i].replicas_reserved += sectors;
                res->disk.sectors -= sectors;
 
-               if (s->s[i].state == SECTOR_UNALLOCATED)
-                       dirty_sectors++;
+               dirty_sectors += s->s[i].state == SECTOR_unallocated;
 
-               s->s[i].state = max_t(unsigned, s->s[i].state, SECTOR_DIRTY);
+               folio_sector_set(folio, s, i, folio_sector_dirty(s->s[i].state));
        }
 
        spin_unlock(&s->lock);
 
-       if (dirty_sectors)
-               i_sectors_acct(c, inode, &res->quota, dirty_sectors);
+       i_sectors_acct(c, inode, &res->quota, dirty_sectors);
 
-       if (!PageDirty(page))
-               __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(page);
+       if (!folio_test_dirty(folio))
+               filemap_dirty_folio(inode->v.i_mapping, folio);
 }
 
 vm_fault_t bch2_page_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 {
        struct file *file = vmf->vma->vm_file;
+       struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
+       struct address_space *fdm = faults_disabled_mapping();
        struct bch_inode_info *inode = file_bch_inode(file);
        int ret;
 
-       bch2_pagecache_add_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       if (fdm == mapping)
+               return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
+
+       /* Lock ordering: */
+       if (fdm > mapping) {
+               struct bch_inode_info *fdm_host = to_bch_ei(fdm->host);
+
+               if (bch2_pagecache_add_tryget(inode))
+                       goto got_lock;
+
+               bch2_pagecache_block_put(fdm_host);
+
+               bch2_pagecache_add_get(inode);
+               bch2_pagecache_add_put(inode);
+
+               bch2_pagecache_block_get(fdm_host);
+
+               /* Signal that lock has been dropped: */
+               set_fdm_dropped_locks();
+               return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
+       }
+
+       bch2_pagecache_add_get(inode);
+got_lock:
        ret = filemap_fault(vmf);
-       bch2_pagecache_add_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       bch2_pagecache_add_put(inode);
 
        return ret;
 }
 
 vm_fault_t bch2_page_mkwrite(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 {
-       struct page *page = vmf->page;
+       struct folio *folio = page_folio(vmf->page);
        struct file *file = vmf->vma->vm_file;
        struct bch_inode_info *inode = file_bch_inode(file);
        struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct bch2_page_reservation res;
+       struct bch2_folio_reservation res;
        unsigned len;
        loff_t isize;
-       int ret = VM_FAULT_LOCKED;
+       int ret;
 
-       bch2_page_reservation_init(c, inode, &res);
+       bch2_folio_reservation_init(c, inode, &res);
 
        sb_start_pagefault(inode->v.i_sb);
        file_update_time(file);
@@ -545,209 +990,126 @@ vm_fault_t bch2_page_mkwrite(struct vm_fault *vmf)
         * a write_invalidate_inode_pages_range() that works without dropping
         * page lock before invalidating page
         */
-       bch2_pagecache_add_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       bch2_pagecache_add_get(inode);
 
-       lock_page(page);
+       folio_lock(folio);
        isize = i_size_read(&inode->v);
 
-       if (page->mapping != mapping || page_offset(page) >= isize) {
-               unlock_page(page);
+       if (folio->mapping != mapping || folio_pos(folio) >= isize) {
+               folio_unlock(folio);
                ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
                goto out;
        }
 
-       len = min_t(loff_t, PAGE_SIZE, isize - page_offset(page));
+       len = min_t(loff_t, folio_size(folio), isize - folio_pos(folio));
 
-       if (bch2_page_reservation_get(c, inode, page, &res, 0, len, true)) {
-               unlock_page(page);
+       if (!bch2_folio_create(folio, __GFP_NOFAIL)->uptodate) {
+               if (bch2_folio_set(c, inode_inum(inode), &folio, 1)) {
+                       folio_unlock(folio);
+                       ret = VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (bch2_folio_reservation_get(c, inode, folio, &res, 0, len)) {
+               folio_unlock(folio);
                ret = VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
                goto out;
        }
 
-       bch2_set_page_dirty(c, inode, page, &res, 0, len);
-       bch2_page_reservation_put(c, inode, &res);
+       bch2_set_folio_dirty(c, inode, folio, &res, 0, len);
+       bch2_folio_reservation_put(c, inode, &res);
 
-       wait_for_stable_page(page);
+       folio_wait_stable(folio);
+       ret = VM_FAULT_LOCKED;
 out:
-       bch2_pagecache_add_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       bch2_pagecache_add_put(inode);
        sb_end_pagefault(inode->v.i_sb);
 
        return ret;
 }
 
-void bch2_invalidatepage(struct page *page, unsigned int offset,
-                        unsigned int length)
+void bch2_invalidate_folio(struct folio *folio, size_t offset, size_t length)
 {
-       if (offset || length < PAGE_SIZE)
+       if (offset || length < folio_size(folio))
                return;
 
-       bch2_clear_page_bits(page);
-}
-
-int bch2_releasepage(struct page *page, gfp_t gfp_mask)
-{
-       if (PageDirty(page))
-               return 0;
-
-       bch2_clear_page_bits(page);
-       return 1;
+       bch2_clear_folio_bits(folio);
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
-int bch2_migrate_page(struct address_space *mapping, struct page *newpage,
-                     struct page *page, enum migrate_mode mode)
+bool bch2_release_folio(struct folio *folio, gfp_t gfp_mask)
 {
-       int ret;
-
-       EBUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
-       EBUG_ON(!PageLocked(newpage));
-
-       ret = migrate_page_move_mapping(mapping, newpage, page, 0);
-       if (ret != MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS)
-               return ret;
-
-       if (PagePrivate(page)) {
-               ClearPagePrivate(page);
-               get_page(newpage);
-               set_page_private(newpage, page_private(page));
-               set_page_private(page, 0);
-               put_page(page);
-               SetPagePrivate(newpage);
-       }
+       if (folio_test_dirty(folio) || folio_test_writeback(folio))
+               return false;
 
-       if (mode != MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY)
-               migrate_page_copy(newpage, page);
-       else
-               migrate_page_states(newpage, page);
-       return MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS;
+       bch2_clear_folio_bits(folio);
+       return true;
 }
-#endif
 
 /* readpage(s): */
 
 static void bch2_readpages_end_io(struct bio *bio)
 {
        struct bvec_iter_all iter;
-       struct bio_vec *bv;
-
-       bio_for_each_segment_all(bv, bio, iter) {
-               struct page *page = bv->bv_page;
+       struct folio_vec fv;
 
+       bio_for_each_folio_all(fv, bio, iter) {
                if (!bio->bi_status) {
-                       SetPageUptodate(page);
+                       folio_mark_uptodate(fv.fv_folio);
                } else {
-                       ClearPageUptodate(page);
-                       SetPageError(page);
+                       folio_clear_uptodate(fv.fv_folio);
+                       folio_set_error(fv.fv_folio);
                }
-               unlock_page(page);
+               folio_unlock(fv.fv_folio);
        }
 
        bio_put(bio);
 }
 
-static inline void page_state_init_for_read(struct page *page)
-{
-       SetPagePrivate(page);
-       page->private = 0;
-}
-
 struct readpages_iter {
        struct address_space    *mapping;
-       struct page             **pages;
-       unsigned                nr_pages;
-       unsigned                nr_added;
        unsigned                idx;
-       pgoff_t                 offset;
+       folios                  folios;
 };
 
 static int readpages_iter_init(struct readpages_iter *iter,
-                              struct address_space *mapping,
-                              struct list_head *pages, unsigned nr_pages)
+                              struct readahead_control *ractl)
 {
-       memset(iter, 0, sizeof(*iter));
-
-       iter->mapping   = mapping;
-       iter->offset    = list_last_entry(pages, struct page, lru)->index;
+       struct folio **fi;
+       int ret;
 
-       iter->pages = kmalloc_array(nr_pages, sizeof(struct page *), GFP_NOFS);
-       if (!iter->pages)
-               return -ENOMEM;
+       memset(iter, 0, sizeof(*iter));
 
-       while (!list_empty(pages)) {
-               struct page *page = list_last_entry(pages, struct page, lru);
+       iter->mapping = ractl->mapping;
 
-               __bch2_page_state_create(page, __GFP_NOFAIL);
+       ret = filemap_get_contig_folios_d(iter->mapping,
+                               ractl->_index << PAGE_SHIFT,
+                               (ractl->_index + ractl->_nr_pages) << PAGE_SHIFT,
+                               0, mapping_gfp_mask(iter->mapping),
+                               &iter->folios);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
-               iter->pages[iter->nr_pages++] = page;
-               list_del(&page->lru);
+       darray_for_each(iter->folios, fi) {
+               ractl->_nr_pages -= 1U << folio_order(*fi);
+               __bch2_folio_create(*fi, __GFP_NOFAIL);
+               folio_put(*fi);
+               folio_put(*fi);
        }
 
        return 0;
 }
 
-static inline struct page *readpage_iter_next(struct readpages_iter *iter)
+static inline struct folio *readpage_iter_peek(struct readpages_iter *iter)
 {
-       struct page *page;
-       unsigned i;
-       int ret;
-
-       BUG_ON(iter->idx > iter->nr_added);
-       BUG_ON(iter->nr_added > iter->nr_pages);
-
-       if (iter->idx < iter->nr_added)
-               goto out;
-
-       while (1) {
-               if (iter->idx == iter->nr_pages)
-                       return NULL;
-
-               ret = add_to_page_cache_lru_vec(iter->mapping,
-                               iter->pages     + iter->nr_added,
-                               iter->nr_pages  - iter->nr_added,
-                               iter->offset    + iter->nr_added,
-                               GFP_NOFS);
-               if (ret > 0)
-                       break;
-
-               page = iter->pages[iter->nr_added];
-               iter->idx++;
-               iter->nr_added++;
-
-               __bch2_page_state_release(page);
-               put_page(page);
-       }
-
-       iter->nr_added += ret;
-
-       for (i = iter->idx; i < iter->nr_added; i++)
-               put_page(iter->pages[i]);
-out:
-       EBUG_ON(iter->pages[iter->idx]->index != iter->offset + iter->idx);
-
-       return iter->pages[iter->idx];
+       if (iter->idx >= iter->folios.nr)
+               return NULL;
+       return iter->folios.data[iter->idx];
 }
 
-static void bch2_add_page_sectors(struct bio *bio, struct bkey_s_c k)
+static inline void readpage_iter_advance(struct readpages_iter *iter)
 {
-       struct bvec_iter iter;
-       struct bio_vec bv;
-       unsigned nr_ptrs = k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_reflink_v
-               ? 0 : bch2_bkey_nr_ptrs_fully_allocated(k);
-       unsigned state = k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_reservation
-               ? SECTOR_RESERVED
-               : SECTOR_ALLOCATED;
-
-       bio_for_each_segment(bv, bio, iter) {
-               struct bch_page_state *s = bch2_page_state(bv.bv_page);
-               unsigned i;
-
-               for (i = bv.bv_offset >> 9;
-                    i < (bv.bv_offset + bv.bv_len) >> 9;
-                    i++) {
-                       s->s[i].nr_replicas = nr_ptrs;
-                       s->s[i].state = state;
-               }
-       }
+       iter->idx++;
 }
 
 static bool extent_partial_reads_expensive(struct bkey_s_c k)
@@ -769,89 +1131,110 @@ static void readpage_bio_extend(struct readpages_iter *iter,
 {
        while (bio_sectors(bio) < sectors_this_extent &&
               bio->bi_vcnt < bio->bi_max_vecs) {
-               pgoff_t page_offset = bio_end_sector(bio) >> PAGE_SECTOR_SHIFT;
-               struct page *page = readpage_iter_next(iter);
+               struct folio *folio = readpage_iter_peek(iter);
                int ret;
 
-               if (page) {
-                       if (iter->offset + iter->idx != page_offset)
-                               break;
-
-                       iter->idx++;
+               if (folio) {
+                       readpage_iter_advance(iter);
                } else {
+                       pgoff_t folio_offset = bio_end_sector(bio) >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
+
                        if (!get_more)
                                break;
 
-                       page = xa_load(&iter->mapping->i_pages, page_offset);
-                       if (page && !xa_is_value(page))
+                       folio = xa_load(&iter->mapping->i_pages, folio_offset);
+                       if (folio && !xa_is_value(folio))
                                break;
 
-                       page = __page_cache_alloc(readahead_gfp_mask(iter->mapping));
-                       if (!page)
+                       folio = filemap_alloc_folio(readahead_gfp_mask(iter->mapping), 0);
+                       if (!folio)
                                break;
 
-                       if (!__bch2_page_state_create(page, 0)) {
-                               put_page(page);
+                       if (!__bch2_folio_create(folio, 0)) {
+                               folio_put(folio);
                                break;
                        }
 
-                       ret = add_to_page_cache_lru(page, iter->mapping,
-                                                   page_offset, GFP_NOFS);
+                       ret = filemap_add_folio(iter->mapping, folio, folio_offset, GFP_NOFS);
                        if (ret) {
-                               __bch2_page_state_release(page);
-                               put_page(page);
+                               __bch2_folio_release(folio);
+                               folio_put(folio);
                                break;
                        }
 
-                       put_page(page);
+                       folio_put(folio);
                }
 
-               BUG_ON(!bio_add_page(bio, page, PAGE_SIZE, 0));
+               BUG_ON(folio_sector(folio) != bio_end_sector(bio));
+
+               BUG_ON(!bio_add_folio(bio, folio, folio_size(folio), 0));
        }
 }
 
-static void bchfs_read(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
-                      struct bch_read_bio *rbio, u64 inum,
+static void bchfs_read(struct btree_trans *trans,
+                      struct bch_read_bio *rbio,
+                      subvol_inum inum,
                       struct readpages_iter *readpages_iter)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct bkey_on_stack sk;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_buf sk;
        int flags = BCH_READ_RETRY_IF_STALE|
                BCH_READ_MAY_PROMOTE;
+       u32 snapshot;
        int ret = 0;
 
        rbio->c = c;
        rbio->start_time = local_clock();
+       rbio->subvol = inum.subvol;
 
-       bkey_on_stack_init(&sk);
+       bch2_bkey_buf_init(&sk);
 retry:
+       bch2_trans_begin(trans);
+       iter = (struct btree_iter) { NULL };
+
+       ret = bch2_subvolume_get_snapshot(trans, inum.subvol, &snapshot);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
+                            SPOS(inum.inum, rbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_sector, snapshot),
+                            BTREE_ITER_SLOTS);
        while (1) {
                struct bkey_s_c k;
                unsigned bytes, sectors, offset_into_extent;
+               enum btree_id data_btree = BTREE_ID_extents;
+
+               /*
+                * read_extent -> io_time_reset may cause a transaction restart
+                * without returning an error, we need to check for that here:
+                */
+               ret = bch2_trans_relock(trans);
+               if (ret)
+                       break;
 
-               bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(iter,
-                               POS(inum, rbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_sector));
+               bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(&iter,
+                               POS(inum.inum, rbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_sector));
 
-               k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(iter);
+               k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&iter);
                ret = bkey_err(k);
                if (ret)
                        break;
 
-               bkey_on_stack_reassemble(&sk, c, k);
-               k = bkey_i_to_s_c(sk.k);
-
-               offset_into_extent = iter->pos.offset -
+               offset_into_extent = iter.pos.offset -
                        bkey_start_offset(k.k);
                sectors = k.k->size - offset_into_extent;
 
-               ret = bch2_read_indirect_extent(trans,
-                                       &offset_into_extent, sk.k);
+               bch2_bkey_buf_reassemble(&sk, c, k);
+
+               ret = bch2_read_indirect_extent(trans, &data_btree,
+                                       &offset_into_extent, &sk);
                if (ret)
                        break;
 
-               sectors = min(sectors, k.k->size - offset_into_extent);
+               k = bkey_i_to_s_c(sk.k);
 
-               bch2_trans_unlock(trans);
+               sectors = min(sectors, k.k->size - offset_into_extent);
 
                if (readpages_iter)
                        readpage_bio_extend(readpages_iter, &rbio->bio, sectors,
@@ -863,136 +1246,123 @@ retry:
                if (rbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_size == bytes)
                        flags |= BCH_READ_LAST_FRAGMENT;
 
-               if (bkey_extent_is_allocation(k.k))
-                       bch2_add_page_sectors(&rbio->bio, k);
+               bch2_bio_page_state_set(&rbio->bio, k);
 
-               bch2_read_extent(c, rbio, k, offset_into_extent, flags);
+               bch2_read_extent(trans, rbio, iter.pos,
+                                data_btree, k, offset_into_extent, flags);
 
                if (flags & BCH_READ_LAST_FRAGMENT)
                        break;
 
                swap(rbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_size, bytes);
                bio_advance(&rbio->bio, bytes);
+
+               ret = btree_trans_too_many_iters(trans);
+               if (ret)
+                       break;
        }
+err:
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
 
-       if (ret == -EINTR)
+       if (bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
                goto retry;
 
        if (ret) {
-               bcache_io_error(c, &rbio->bio, "btree IO error %i", ret);
+               bch_err_inum_offset_ratelimited(c,
+                               iter.pos.inode,
+                               iter.pos.offset << 9,
+                               "read error %i from btree lookup", ret);
+               rbio->bio.bi_status = BLK_STS_IOERR;
                bio_endio(&rbio->bio);
        }
 
-       bkey_on_stack_exit(&sk, c);
+       bch2_bkey_buf_exit(&sk, c);
 }
 
-int bch2_readpages(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
-                  struct list_head *pages, unsigned nr_pages)
+void bch2_readahead(struct readahead_control *ractl)
 {
-       struct bch_inode_info *inode = to_bch_ei(mapping->host);
+       struct bch_inode_info *inode = to_bch_ei(ractl->mapping->host);
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct bch_io_opts opts = io_opts(c, &inode->ei_inode);
+       struct bch_io_opts opts;
        struct btree_trans trans;
-       struct btree_iter *iter;
-       struct page *page;
+       struct folio *folio;
        struct readpages_iter readpages_iter;
        int ret;
 
-       ret = readpages_iter_init(&readpages_iter, mapping, pages, nr_pages);
+       bch2_inode_opts_get(&opts, c, &inode->ei_inode);
+
+       ret = readpages_iter_init(&readpages_iter, ractl);
        BUG_ON(ret);
 
        bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
 
-       iter = bch2_trans_get_iter(&trans, BTREE_ID_EXTENTS, POS_MIN,
-                                  BTREE_ITER_SLOTS);
+       bch2_pagecache_add_get(inode);
 
-       bch2_pagecache_add_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
-
-       while ((page = readpage_iter_next(&readpages_iter))) {
-               pgoff_t index = readpages_iter.offset + readpages_iter.idx;
+       while ((folio = readpage_iter_peek(&readpages_iter))) {
                unsigned n = min_t(unsigned,
-                                  readpages_iter.nr_pages -
+                                  readpages_iter.folios.nr -
                                   readpages_iter.idx,
-                                  BIO_MAX_PAGES);
+                                  BIO_MAX_VECS);
                struct bch_read_bio *rbio =
-                       rbio_init(bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_NOFS, n, &c->bio_read),
+                       rbio_init(bio_alloc_bioset(NULL, n, REQ_OP_READ,
+                                                  GFP_NOFS, &c->bio_read),
                                  opts);
 
-               readpages_iter.idx++;
+               readpage_iter_advance(&readpages_iter);
 
-               bio_set_op_attrs(&rbio->bio, REQ_OP_READ, 0);
-               rbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_sector = (sector_t) index << PAGE_SECTOR_SHIFT;
+               rbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_sector = folio_sector(folio);
                rbio->bio.bi_end_io = bch2_readpages_end_io;
-               BUG_ON(!bio_add_page(&rbio->bio, page, PAGE_SIZE, 0));
+               BUG_ON(!bio_add_folio(&rbio->bio, folio, folio_size(folio), 0));
 
-               bchfs_read(&trans, iter, rbio, inode->v.i_ino,
+               bchfs_read(&trans, rbio, inode_inum(inode),
                           &readpages_iter);
        }
 
-       bch2_pagecache_add_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       bch2_pagecache_add_put(inode);
 
        bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
-       kfree(readpages_iter.pages);
-
-       return 0;
+       darray_exit(&readpages_iter.folios);
 }
 
-static void __bchfs_readpage(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_read_bio *rbio,
-                            u64 inum, struct page *page)
+static void __bchfs_readfolio(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_read_bio *rbio,
+                            subvol_inum inum, struct folio *folio)
 {
        struct btree_trans trans;
-       struct btree_iter *iter;
 
-       bch2_page_state_create(page, __GFP_NOFAIL);
+       bch2_folio_create(folio, __GFP_NOFAIL);
 
-       bio_set_op_attrs(&rbio->bio, REQ_OP_READ, REQ_SYNC);
-       rbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_sector =
-               (sector_t) page->index << PAGE_SECTOR_SHIFT;
-       BUG_ON(!bio_add_page(&rbio->bio, page, PAGE_SIZE, 0));
+       rbio->bio.bi_opf = REQ_OP_READ|REQ_SYNC;
+       rbio->bio.bi_iter.bi_sector = folio_sector(folio);
+       BUG_ON(!bio_add_folio(&rbio->bio, folio, folio_size(folio), 0));
 
        bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
-       iter = bch2_trans_get_iter(&trans, BTREE_ID_EXTENTS, POS_MIN,
-                                  BTREE_ITER_SLOTS);
-
-       bchfs_read(&trans, iter, rbio, inum, NULL);
-
+       bchfs_read(&trans, rbio, inum, NULL);
        bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
 }
 
-int bch2_readpage(struct file *file, struct page *page)
-{
-       struct bch_inode_info *inode = to_bch_ei(page->mapping->host);
-       struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct bch_io_opts opts = io_opts(c, &inode->ei_inode);
-       struct bch_read_bio *rbio;
-
-       rbio = rbio_init(bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_NOFS, 1, &c->bio_read), opts);
-       rbio->bio.bi_end_io = bch2_readpages_end_io;
-
-       __bchfs_readpage(c, rbio, inode->v.i_ino, page);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static void bch2_read_single_page_end_io(struct bio *bio)
+static void bch2_read_single_folio_end_io(struct bio *bio)
 {
        complete(bio->bi_private);
 }
 
-static int bch2_read_single_page(struct page *page,
-                                struct address_space *mapping)
+static int bch2_read_single_folio(struct folio *folio,
+                                 struct address_space *mapping)
 {
        struct bch_inode_info *inode = to_bch_ei(mapping->host);
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
        struct bch_read_bio *rbio;
+       struct bch_io_opts opts;
        int ret;
        DECLARE_COMPLETION_ONSTACK(done);
 
-       rbio = rbio_init(bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_NOFS, 1, &c->bio_read),
-                        io_opts(c, &inode->ei_inode));
+       bch2_inode_opts_get(&opts, c, &inode->ei_inode);
+
+       rbio = rbio_init(bio_alloc_bioset(NULL, 1, REQ_OP_READ, GFP_NOFS, &c->bio_read),
+                        opts);
        rbio->bio.bi_private = &done;
-       rbio->bio.bi_end_io = bch2_read_single_page_end_io;
+       rbio->bio.bi_end_io = bch2_read_single_folio_end_io;
 
-       __bchfs_readpage(c, rbio, inode->v.i_ino, page);
+       __bchfs_readfolio(c, rbio, inode_inum(inode), folio);
        wait_for_completion(&done);
 
        ret = blk_status_to_errno(rbio->bio.bi_status);
@@ -1001,65 +1371,71 @@ static int bch2_read_single_page(struct page *page,
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;
 
-       SetPageUptodate(page);
+       folio_mark_uptodate(folio);
        return 0;
 }
 
+int bch2_read_folio(struct file *file, struct folio *folio)
+{
+       int ret;
+
+       ret = bch2_read_single_folio(folio, folio->mapping);
+       folio_unlock(folio);
+       return bch2_err_class(ret);
+}
+
 /* writepages: */
 
 struct bch_writepage_state {
        struct bch_writepage_io *io;
        struct bch_io_opts      opts;
+       struct bch_folio_sector *tmp;
+       unsigned                tmp_sectors;
 };
 
 static inline struct bch_writepage_state bch_writepage_state_init(struct bch_fs *c,
                                                                  struct bch_inode_info *inode)
 {
-       return (struct bch_writepage_state) {
-               .opts = io_opts(c, &inode->ei_inode)
-       };
-}
+       struct bch_writepage_state ret = { 0 };
 
-static void bch2_writepage_io_free(struct closure *cl)
-{
-       struct bch_writepage_io *io = container_of(cl,
-                                       struct bch_writepage_io, cl);
-
-       bio_put(&io->op.wbio.bio);
+       bch2_inode_opts_get(&ret.opts, c, &inode->ei_inode);
+       return ret;
 }
 
-static void bch2_writepage_io_done(struct closure *cl)
+static void bch2_writepage_io_done(struct bch_write_op *op)
 {
-       struct bch_writepage_io *io = container_of(cl,
-                                       struct bch_writepage_io, cl);
+       struct bch_writepage_io *io =
+               container_of(op, struct bch_writepage_io, op);
        struct bch_fs *c = io->op.c;
        struct bio *bio = &io->op.wbio.bio;
        struct bvec_iter_all iter;
-       struct bio_vec *bvec;
+       struct folio_vec fv;
        unsigned i;
 
        if (io->op.error) {
-               bio_for_each_segment_all(bvec, bio, iter) {
-                       struct bch_page_state *s;
+               set_bit(EI_INODE_ERROR, &io->inode->ei_flags);
+
+               bio_for_each_folio_all(fv, bio, iter) {
+                       struct bch_folio *s;
 
-                       SetPageError(bvec->bv_page);
-                       mapping_set_error(bvec->bv_page->mapping, -EIO);
+                       folio_set_error(fv.fv_folio);
+                       mapping_set_error(fv.fv_folio->mapping, -EIO);
 
-                       s = __bch2_page_state(bvec->bv_page);
+                       s = __bch2_folio(fv.fv_folio);
                        spin_lock(&s->lock);
-                       for (i = 0; i < PAGE_SECTORS; i++)
+                       for (i = 0; i < folio_sectors(fv.fv_folio); i++)
                                s->s[i].nr_replicas = 0;
                        spin_unlock(&s->lock);
                }
        }
 
        if (io->op.flags & BCH_WRITE_WROTE_DATA_INLINE) {
-               bio_for_each_segment_all(bvec, bio, iter) {
-                       struct bch_page_state *s;
+               bio_for_each_folio_all(fv, bio, iter) {
+                       struct bch_folio *s;
 
-                       s = __bch2_page_state(bvec->bv_page);
+                       s = __bch2_folio(fv.fv_folio);
                        spin_lock(&s->lock);
-                       for (i = 0; i < PAGE_SECTORS; i++)
+                       for (i = 0; i < folio_sectors(fv.fv_folio); i++)
                                s->s[i].nr_replicas = 0;
                        spin_unlock(&s->lock);
                }
@@ -1069,7 +1445,7 @@ static void bch2_writepage_io_done(struct closure *cl)
         * racing with fallocate can cause us to add fewer sectors than
         * expected - but we shouldn't add more sectors than expected:
         */
-       BUG_ON(io->op.i_sectors_delta > 0);
+       WARN_ON_ONCE(io->op.i_sectors_delta > 0);
 
        /*
         * (error (due to going RO) halfway through a page can screw that up
@@ -1084,14 +1460,14 @@ static void bch2_writepage_io_done(struct closure *cl)
         */
        i_sectors_acct(c, io->inode, NULL, io->op.i_sectors_delta);
 
-       bio_for_each_segment_all(bvec, bio, iter) {
-               struct bch_page_state *s = __bch2_page_state(bvec->bv_page);
+       bio_for_each_folio_all(fv, bio, iter) {
+               struct bch_folio *s = __bch2_folio(fv.fv_folio);
 
                if (atomic_dec_and_test(&s->write_count))
-                       end_page_writeback(bvec->bv_page);
+                       folio_end_writeback(fv.fv_folio);
        }
 
-       closure_return_with_destructor(&io->cl, bch2_writepage_io_free);
+       bio_put(&io->op.wbio.bio);
 }
 
 static void bch2_writepage_do_io(struct bch_writepage_state *w)
@@ -1099,8 +1475,7 @@ static void bch2_writepage_do_io(struct bch_writepage_state *w)
        struct bch_writepage_io *io = w->io;
 
        w->io = NULL;
-       closure_call(&io->op.cl, bch2_write, NULL, &io->cl);
-       continue_at(&io->cl, bch2_writepage_io_done, NULL);
+       closure_call(&io->op.cl, bch2_write, NULL, NULL);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1116,76 +1491,85 @@ static void bch2_writepage_io_alloc(struct bch_fs *c,
 {
        struct bch_write_op *op;
 
-       w->io = container_of(bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_NOFS,
-                                             BIO_MAX_PAGES,
+       w->io = container_of(bio_alloc_bioset(NULL, BIO_MAX_VECS,
+                                             REQ_OP_WRITE,
+                                             GFP_NOFS,
                                              &c->writepage_bioset),
                             struct bch_writepage_io, op.wbio.bio);
 
-       closure_init(&w->io->cl, NULL);
        w->io->inode            = inode;
-
        op                      = &w->io->op;
        bch2_write_op_init(op, c, w->opts);
        op->target              = w->opts.foreground_target;
-       op_journal_seq_set(op, &inode->ei_journal_seq);
        op->nr_replicas         = nr_replicas;
        op->res.nr_replicas     = nr_replicas;
        op->write_point         = writepoint_hashed(inode->ei_last_dirtied);
+       op->subvol              = inode->ei_subvol;
        op->pos                 = POS(inode->v.i_ino, sector);
+       op->end_io              = bch2_writepage_io_done;
+       op->devs_need_flush     = &inode->ei_devs_need_flush;
        op->wbio.bio.bi_iter.bi_sector = sector;
        op->wbio.bio.bi_opf     = wbc_to_write_flags(wbc);
 }
 
-static int __bch2_writepage(struct page *page,
+static int __bch2_writepage(struct page *_page,
                            struct writeback_control *wbc,
                            void *data)
 {
-       struct bch_inode_info *inode = to_bch_ei(page->mapping->host);
+       struct folio *folio = page_folio(_page);
+       struct bch_inode_info *inode = to_bch_ei(folio->mapping->host);
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
        struct bch_writepage_state *w = data;
-       struct bch_page_state *s, orig;
-       unsigned i, offset, nr_replicas_this_write = U32_MAX;
+       struct bch_folio *s;
+       unsigned i, offset, f_sectors, nr_replicas_this_write = U32_MAX;
        loff_t i_size = i_size_read(&inode->v);
-       pgoff_t end_index = i_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        int ret;
 
-       EBUG_ON(!PageUptodate(page));
+       EBUG_ON(!folio_test_uptodate(folio));
 
-       /* Is the page fully inside i_size? */
-       if (page->index < end_index)
+       /* Is the folio fully inside i_size? */
+       if (folio_end_pos(folio) <= i_size)
                goto do_io;
 
-       /* Is the page fully outside i_size? (truncate in progress) */
-       offset = i_size & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
-       if (page->index > end_index || !offset) {
-               unlock_page(page);
+       /* Is the folio fully outside i_size? (truncate in progress) */
+       if (folio_pos(folio) >= i_size) {
+               folio_unlock(folio);
                return 0;
        }
 
        /*
-        * The page straddles i_size.  It must be zeroed out on each and every
+        * The folio straddles i_size.  It must be zeroed out on each and every
         * writepage invocation because it may be mmapped.  "A file is mapped
-        * in multiples of the page size.  For a file that is not a multiple of
-        * the  page size, the remaining memory is zeroed when mapped, and
+        * in multiples of the folio size.  For a file that is not a multiple of
+        * the  folio size, the remaining memory is zeroed when mapped, and
         * writes to that region are not written out to the file."
         */
-       zero_user_segment(page, offset, PAGE_SIZE);
+       folio_zero_segment(folio,
+                          i_size - folio_pos(folio),
+                          folio_size(folio));
 do_io:
-       s = bch2_page_state_create(page, __GFP_NOFAIL);
+       f_sectors = folio_sectors(folio);
+       s = bch2_folio_create(folio, __GFP_NOFAIL);
 
-       ret = bch2_get_page_disk_reservation(c, inode, page, true);
-       if (ret) {
-               SetPageError(page);
-               mapping_set_error(page->mapping, ret);
-               unlock_page(page);
-               return 0;
+       if (f_sectors > w->tmp_sectors) {
+               kfree(w->tmp);
+               w->tmp = kzalloc(sizeof(struct bch_folio_sector) *
+                                f_sectors, __GFP_NOFAIL);
+               w->tmp_sectors = f_sectors;
        }
 
+       /*
+        * Things get really hairy with errors during writeback:
+        */
+       ret = bch2_get_folio_disk_reservation(c, inode, folio, false);
+       BUG_ON(ret);
+
        /* Before unlocking the page, get copy of reservations: */
-       orig = *s;
+       spin_lock(&s->lock);
+       memcpy(w->tmp, s->s, sizeof(struct bch_folio_sector) * f_sectors);
 
-       for (i = 0; i < PAGE_SECTORS; i++) {
-               if (s->s[i].state < SECTOR_DIRTY)
+       for (i = 0; i < f_sectors; i++) {
+               if (s->s[i].state < SECTOR_dirty)
                        continue;
 
                nr_replicas_this_write =
@@ -1194,52 +1578,53 @@ do_io:
                              s->s[i].replicas_reserved);
        }
 
-       for (i = 0; i < PAGE_SECTORS; i++) {
-               if (s->s[i].state < SECTOR_DIRTY)
+       for (i = 0; i < f_sectors; i++) {
+               if (s->s[i].state < SECTOR_dirty)
                        continue;
 
                s->s[i].nr_replicas = w->opts.compression
                        ? 0 : nr_replicas_this_write;
 
                s->s[i].replicas_reserved = 0;
-               s->s[i].state = SECTOR_ALLOCATED;
+               folio_sector_set(folio, s, i, SECTOR_allocated);
        }
+       spin_unlock(&s->lock);
 
        BUG_ON(atomic_read(&s->write_count));
        atomic_set(&s->write_count, 1);
 
-       BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page));
-       set_page_writeback(page);
+       BUG_ON(folio_test_writeback(folio));
+       folio_start_writeback(folio);
 
-       unlock_page(page);
+       folio_unlock(folio);
 
        offset = 0;
        while (1) {
-               unsigned sectors = 1, dirty_sectors = 0, reserved_sectors = 0;
+               unsigned sectors = 0, dirty_sectors = 0, reserved_sectors = 0;
                u64 sector;
 
-               while (offset < PAGE_SECTORS &&
-                      orig.s[offset].state < SECTOR_DIRTY)
+               while (offset < f_sectors &&
+                      w->tmp[offset].state < SECTOR_dirty)
                        offset++;
 
-               if (offset == PAGE_SECTORS)
+               if (offset == f_sectors)
                        break;
 
-               sector = ((u64) page->index << PAGE_SECTOR_SHIFT) + offset;
-
-               while (offset + sectors < PAGE_SECTORS &&
-                      orig.s[offset + sectors].state >= SECTOR_DIRTY)
+               while (offset + sectors < f_sectors &&
+                      w->tmp[offset + sectors].state >= SECTOR_dirty) {
+                       reserved_sectors += w->tmp[offset + sectors].replicas_reserved;
+                       dirty_sectors += w->tmp[offset + sectors].state == SECTOR_dirty;
                        sectors++;
-
-               for (i = offset; i < offset + sectors; i++) {
-                       reserved_sectors += orig.s[i].replicas_reserved;
-                       dirty_sectors += orig.s[i].state == SECTOR_DIRTY;
                }
+               BUG_ON(!sectors);
+
+               sector = folio_sector(folio) + offset;
 
                if (w->io &&
                    (w->io->op.res.nr_replicas != nr_replicas_this_write ||
-                    bio_full(&w->io->op.wbio.bio, PAGE_SIZE) ||
-                    w->io->op.wbio.bio.bi_iter.bi_size >= (256U << 20) ||
+                    bio_full(&w->io->op.wbio.bio, sectors << 9) ||
+                    w->io->op.wbio.bio.bi_iter.bi_size + (sectors << 9) >=
+                    (BIO_MAX_VECS * PAGE_SIZE) ||
                     bio_end_sector(&w->io->op.wbio.bio) != sector))
                        bch2_writepage_do_io(w);
 
@@ -1250,12 +1635,17 @@ do_io:
                atomic_inc(&s->write_count);
 
                BUG_ON(inode != w->io->inode);
-               BUG_ON(!bio_add_page(&w->io->op.wbio.bio, page,
+               BUG_ON(!bio_add_folio(&w->io->op.wbio.bio, folio,
                                     sectors << 9, offset << 9));
 
                /* Check for writing past i_size: */
-               WARN_ON((bio_end_sector(&w->io->op.wbio.bio) << 9) >
-                       round_up(i_size, block_bytes(c)));
+               WARN_ONCE((bio_end_sector(&w->io->op.wbio.bio) << 9) >
+                         round_up(i_size, block_bytes(c)) &&
+                         !test_bit(BCH_FS_EMERGENCY_RO, &c->flags),
+                         "writing past i_size: %llu > %llu (unrounded %llu)\n",
+                         bio_end_sector(&w->io->op.wbio.bio) << 9,
+                         round_up(i_size, block_bytes(c)),
+                         i_size);
 
                w->io->op.res.sectors += reserved_sectors;
                w->io->op.i_sectors_delta -= dirty_sectors;
@@ -1265,7 +1655,7 @@ do_io:
        }
 
        if (atomic_dec_and_test(&s->write_count))
-               end_page_writeback(page);
+               folio_end_writeback(folio);
 
        return 0;
 }
@@ -1283,81 +1673,77 @@ int bch2_writepages(struct address_space *mapping, struct writeback_control *wbc
        if (w.io)
                bch2_writepage_do_io(&w);
        blk_finish_plug(&plug);
-       return ret;
-}
-
-int bch2_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
-{
-       struct bch_fs *c = page->mapping->host->i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct bch_writepage_state w =
-               bch_writepage_state_init(c, to_bch_ei(page->mapping->host));
-       int ret;
-
-       ret = __bch2_writepage(page, wbc, &w);
-       if (w.io)
-               bch2_writepage_do_io(&w);
-
-       return ret;
+       kfree(w.tmp);
+       return bch2_err_class(ret);
 }
 
 /* buffered writes: */
 
 int bch2_write_begin(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
-                    loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned flags,
+                    loff_t pos, unsigned len,
                     struct page **pagep, void **fsdata)
 {
        struct bch_inode_info *inode = to_bch_ei(mapping->host);
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct bch2_page_reservation *res;
-       pgoff_t index = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-       unsigned offset = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
-       struct page *page;
+       struct bch2_folio_reservation *res;
+       struct folio *folio;
+       unsigned offset;
        int ret = -ENOMEM;
 
        res = kmalloc(sizeof(*res), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!res)
                return -ENOMEM;
 
-       bch2_page_reservation_init(c, inode, res);
+       bch2_folio_reservation_init(c, inode, res);
        *fsdata = res;
 
-       bch2_pagecache_add_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       bch2_pagecache_add_get(inode);
 
-       page = grab_cache_page_write_begin(mapping, index, flags);
-       if (!page)
+       folio = __filemap_get_folio(mapping, pos >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+                               FGP_LOCK|FGP_WRITE|FGP_CREAT|FGP_STABLE,
+                               mapping_gfp_mask(mapping));
+       if (!folio)
                goto err_unlock;
 
-       if (PageUptodate(page))
+       if (folio_test_uptodate(folio))
                goto out;
 
-       /* If we're writing entire page, don't need to read it in first: */
-       if (len == PAGE_SIZE)
+       offset = pos - folio_pos(folio);
+       len = min_t(size_t, len, folio_end_pos(folio) - pos);
+
+       /* If we're writing entire folio, don't need to read it in first: */
+       if (!offset && len == folio_size(folio))
                goto out;
 
        if (!offset && pos + len >= inode->v.i_size) {
-               zero_user_segment(page, len, PAGE_SIZE);
-               flush_dcache_page(page);
+               folio_zero_segment(folio, len, folio_size(folio));
+               flush_dcache_folio(folio);
                goto out;
        }
 
-       if (index > inode->v.i_size >> PAGE_SHIFT) {
-               zero_user_segments(page, 0, offset, offset + len, PAGE_SIZE);
-               flush_dcache_page(page);
+       if (folio_pos(folio) >= inode->v.i_size) {
+               folio_zero_segments(folio, 0, offset, offset + len, folio_size(folio));
+               flush_dcache_folio(folio);
                goto out;
        }
 readpage:
-       ret = bch2_read_single_page(page, mapping);
+       ret = bch2_read_single_folio(folio, mapping);
        if (ret)
                goto err;
 out:
-       ret = bch2_page_reservation_get(c, inode, page, res,
-                                       offset, len, true);
+       if (!bch2_folio_create(folio, __GFP_NOFAIL)->uptodate) {
+               ret = bch2_folio_set(c, inode_inum(inode), &folio, 1);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto err;
+       }
+
+       ret = bch2_folio_reservation_get(c, inode, folio, res, offset, len);
        if (ret) {
-               if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
+               if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio)) {
                        /*
-                        * If the page hasn't been read in, we won't know if we
+                        * If the folio hasn't been read in, we won't know if we
                         * actually need a reservation - we don't actually need
-                        * to read here, we just need to check if the page is
+                        * to read here, we just need to check if the folio is
                         * fully backed by uncompressed data:
                         */
                        goto readpage;
@@ -1366,17 +1752,17 @@ out:
                goto err;
        }
 
-       *pagep = page;
+       *pagep = &folio->page;
        return 0;
 err:
-       unlock_page(page);
-       put_page(page);
+       folio_unlock(folio);
+       folio_put(folio);
        *pagep = NULL;
 err_unlock:
-       bch2_pagecache_add_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       bch2_pagecache_add_put(inode);
        kfree(res);
        *fsdata = NULL;
-       return ret;
+       return bch2_err_class(ret);
 }
 
 int bch2_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
@@ -1385,19 +1771,21 @@ int bch2_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
 {
        struct bch_inode_info *inode = to_bch_ei(mapping->host);
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct bch2_page_reservation *res = fsdata;
-       unsigned offset = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+       struct bch2_folio_reservation *res = fsdata;
+       struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
+       unsigned offset = pos - folio_pos(folio);
 
        lockdep_assert_held(&inode->v.i_rwsem);
+       BUG_ON(offset + copied > folio_size(folio));
 
-       if (unlikely(copied < len && !PageUptodate(page))) {
+       if (unlikely(copied < len && !folio_test_uptodate(folio))) {
                /*
-                * The page needs to be read in, but that would destroy
+                * The folio needs to be read in, but that would destroy
                 * our partial write - simplest thing is to just force
                 * userspace to redo the write:
                 */
-               zero_user(page, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
-               flush_dcache_page(page);
+               folio_zero_range(folio, 0, folio_size(folio));
+               flush_dcache_folio(folio);
                copied = 0;
        }
 
@@ -1407,25 +1795,33 @@ int bch2_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
        spin_unlock(&inode->v.i_lock);
 
        if (copied) {
-               if (!PageUptodate(page))
-                       SetPageUptodate(page);
+               if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio))
+                       folio_mark_uptodate(folio);
 
-               bch2_set_page_dirty(c, inode, page, res, offset, copied);
+               bch2_set_folio_dirty(c, inode, folio, res, offset, copied);
 
                inode->ei_last_dirtied = (unsigned long) current;
        }
 
-       unlock_page(page);
-       put_page(page);
-       bch2_pagecache_add_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       folio_unlock(folio);
+       folio_put(folio);
+       bch2_pagecache_add_put(inode);
 
-       bch2_page_reservation_put(c, inode, res);
+       bch2_folio_reservation_put(c, inode, res);
        kfree(res);
 
        return copied;
 }
 
-#define WRITE_BATCH_PAGES      32
+static noinline void folios_trunc(folios *folios, struct folio **fi)
+{
+       while (folios->data + folios->nr > fi) {
+               struct folio *f = darray_pop(folios);
+
+               folio_unlock(f);
+               folio_put(f);
+       }
+}
 
 static int __bch2_buffered_write(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
                                 struct address_space *mapping,
@@ -1433,135 +1829,161 @@ static int __bch2_buffered_write(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
                                 loff_t pos, unsigned len)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct page *pages[WRITE_BATCH_PAGES];
-       struct bch2_page_reservation res;
-       unsigned long index = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-       unsigned offset = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
-       unsigned nr_pages = DIV_ROUND_UP(offset + len, PAGE_SIZE);
-       unsigned i, reserved = 0, set_dirty = 0;
-       unsigned copied = 0, nr_pages_copied = 0;
+       struct bch2_folio_reservation res;
+       folios folios;
+       struct folio **fi, *f;
+       unsigned copied = 0, f_offset;
+       u64 end = pos + len, f_pos;
+       loff_t last_folio_pos = inode->v.i_size;
        int ret = 0;
 
        BUG_ON(!len);
-       BUG_ON(nr_pages > ARRAY_SIZE(pages));
 
-       bch2_page_reservation_init(c, inode, &res);
+       bch2_folio_reservation_init(c, inode, &res);
+       darray_init(&folios);
 
-       for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
-               pages[i] = grab_cache_page_write_begin(mapping, index + i, 0);
-               if (!pages[i]) {
-                       nr_pages = i;
-                       if (!i) {
-                               ret = -ENOMEM;
-                               goto out;
-                       }
-                       len = min_t(unsigned, len,
-                                   nr_pages * PAGE_SIZE - offset);
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
+       ret = filemap_get_contig_folios_d(mapping, pos, end,
+                                  FGP_LOCK|FGP_WRITE|FGP_STABLE|FGP_CREAT,
+                                  mapping_gfp_mask(mapping),
+                                  &folios);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
 
-       if (offset && !PageUptodate(pages[0])) {
-               ret = bch2_read_single_page(pages[0], mapping);
+       BUG_ON(!folios.nr);
+
+       f = darray_first(folios);
+       if (pos != folio_pos(f) && !folio_test_uptodate(f)) {
+               ret = bch2_read_single_folio(f, mapping);
                if (ret)
                        goto out;
        }
 
-       if ((pos + len) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1) &&
-           !PageUptodate(pages[nr_pages - 1])) {
-               if ((index + nr_pages - 1) << PAGE_SHIFT >= inode->v.i_size) {
-                       zero_user(pages[nr_pages - 1], 0, PAGE_SIZE);
+       f = darray_last(folios);
+       end = min(end, folio_end_pos(f));
+       last_folio_pos = folio_pos(f);
+       if (end != folio_end_pos(f) && !folio_test_uptodate(f)) {
+               if (end >= inode->v.i_size) {
+                       folio_zero_range(f, 0, folio_size(f));
                } else {
-                       ret = bch2_read_single_page(pages[nr_pages - 1], mapping);
+                       ret = bch2_read_single_folio(f, mapping);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out;
                }
        }
 
-       while (reserved < len) {
-               struct page *page = pages[(offset + reserved) >> PAGE_SHIFT];
-               unsigned pg_offset = (offset + reserved) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
-               unsigned pg_len = min_t(unsigned, len - reserved,
-                                       PAGE_SIZE - pg_offset);
-retry_reservation:
-               ret = bch2_page_reservation_get(c, inode, page, &res,
-                                               pg_offset, pg_len, true);
+       f_pos = pos;
+       f_offset = pos - folio_pos(darray_first(folios));
+       darray_for_each(folios, fi) {
+               struct folio *f = *fi;
+               u64 f_len = min(end, folio_end_pos(f)) - f_pos;
 
-               if (ret && !PageUptodate(page)) {
-                       ret = bch2_read_single_page(page, mapping);
-                       if (!ret)
-                               goto retry_reservation;
+               if (!bch2_folio_create(f, __GFP_NOFAIL)->uptodate) {
+                       ret = bch2_folio_set(c, inode_inum(inode), fi,
+                                            folios.data + folios.nr - fi);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out;
                }
 
-               if (ret)
-                       goto out;
+               /*
+                * XXX: per POSIX and fstests generic/275, on -ENOSPC we're
+                * supposed to write as much as we have disk space for.
+                *
+                * On failure here we should still write out a partial page if
+                * we aren't completely out of disk space - we don't do that
+                * yet:
+                */
+               ret = bch2_folio_reservation_get(c, inode, f, &res, f_offset, f_len);
+               if (unlikely(ret)) {
+                       folios_trunc(&folios, fi);
+                       if (!folios.nr)
+                               goto out;
+
+                       end = min(end, folio_end_pos(darray_last(folios)));
+                       break;
+               }
 
-               reserved += pg_len;
+               f_pos = folio_end_pos(f);
+               f_offset = 0;
        }
 
        if (mapping_writably_mapped(mapping))
-               for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++)
-                       flush_dcache_page(pages[i]);
-
-       while (copied < len) {
-               struct page *page = pages[(offset + copied) >> PAGE_SHIFT];
-               unsigned pg_offset = (offset + copied) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
-               unsigned pg_len = min_t(unsigned, len - copied,
-                                       PAGE_SIZE - pg_offset);
-               unsigned pg_copied = iov_iter_copy_from_user_atomic(page,
-                                               iter, pg_offset, pg_len);
-
-               if (!pg_copied)
+               darray_for_each(folios, fi)
+                       flush_dcache_folio(*fi);
+
+       f_pos = pos;
+       f_offset = pos - folio_pos(darray_first(folios));
+       darray_for_each(folios, fi) {
+               struct folio *f = *fi;
+               u64 f_len = min(end, folio_end_pos(f)) - f_pos;
+               unsigned f_copied = copy_folio_from_iter_atomic(f, f_offset, f_len, iter);
+
+               if (!f_copied) {
+                       folios_trunc(&folios, fi);
                        break;
+               }
+
+               if (!folio_test_uptodate(f) &&
+                   f_copied != folio_size(f) &&
+                   pos + copied + f_copied < inode->v.i_size) {
+                       folio_zero_range(f, 0, folio_size(f));
+                       folios_trunc(&folios, fi);
+                       break;
+               }
 
-               flush_dcache_page(page);
-               iov_iter_advance(iter, pg_copied);
-               copied += pg_copied;
+               flush_dcache_folio(f);
+               copied += f_copied;
+
+               if (f_copied != f_len) {
+                       folios_trunc(&folios, fi + 1);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               f_pos = folio_end_pos(f);
+               f_offset = 0;
        }
 
        if (!copied)
                goto out;
 
-       if (copied < len &&
-           ((offset + copied) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1))) {
-               struct page *page = pages[(offset + copied) >> PAGE_SHIFT];
-
-               if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
-                       zero_user(page, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
-                       copied -= (offset + copied) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
-               }
-       }
+       end = pos + copied;
 
        spin_lock(&inode->v.i_lock);
-       if (pos + copied > inode->v.i_size)
-               i_size_write(&inode->v, pos + copied);
+       if (end > inode->v.i_size)
+               i_size_write(&inode->v, end);
        spin_unlock(&inode->v.i_lock);
 
-       while (set_dirty < copied) {
-               struct page *page = pages[(offset + set_dirty) >> PAGE_SHIFT];
-               unsigned pg_offset = (offset + set_dirty) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
-               unsigned pg_len = min_t(unsigned, copied - set_dirty,
-                                       PAGE_SIZE - pg_offset);
+       f_pos = pos;
+       f_offset = pos - folio_pos(darray_first(folios));
+       darray_for_each(folios, fi) {
+               struct folio *f = *fi;
+               u64 f_len = min(end, folio_end_pos(f)) - f_pos;
 
-               if (!PageUptodate(page))
-                       SetPageUptodate(page);
+               if (!folio_test_uptodate(f))
+                       folio_mark_uptodate(f);
 
-               bch2_set_page_dirty(c, inode, page, &res, pg_offset, pg_len);
-               unlock_page(page);
-               put_page(page);
+               bch2_set_folio_dirty(c, inode, f, &res, f_offset, f_len);
 
-               set_dirty += pg_len;
+               f_pos = folio_end_pos(f);
+               f_offset = 0;
        }
 
-       nr_pages_copied = DIV_ROUND_UP(offset + copied, PAGE_SIZE);
        inode->ei_last_dirtied = (unsigned long) current;
 out:
-       for (i = nr_pages_copied; i < nr_pages; i++) {
-               unlock_page(pages[i]);
-               put_page(pages[i]);
+       darray_for_each(folios, fi) {
+               folio_unlock(*fi);
+               folio_put(*fi);
        }
 
-       bch2_page_reservation_put(c, inode, &res);
+       /*
+        * If the last folio added to the mapping starts beyond current EOF, we
+        * performed a short write but left around at least one post-EOF folio.
+        * Clean up the mapping before we return.
+        */
+       if (last_folio_pos >= inode->v.i_size)
+               truncate_pagecache(&inode->v, inode->v.i_size);
+
+       darray_exit(&folios);
+       bch2_folio_reservation_put(c, inode, &res);
 
        return copied ?: ret;
 }
@@ -1575,12 +1997,11 @@ static ssize_t bch2_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
        ssize_t written = 0;
        int ret = 0;
 
-       bch2_pagecache_add_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       bch2_pagecache_add_get(inode);
 
        do {
                unsigned offset = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
-               unsigned bytes = min_t(unsigned long, iov_iter_count(iter),
-                             PAGE_SIZE * WRITE_BATCH_PAGES - offset);
+               unsigned bytes = iov_iter_count(iter);
 again:
                /*
                 * Bring in the user page that we will copy from _first_.
@@ -1592,11 +2013,11 @@ again:
                 * to check that the address is actually valid, when atomic
                 * usercopies are used, below.
                 */
-               if (unlikely(iov_iter_fault_in_readable(iter, bytes))) {
+               if (unlikely(fault_in_iov_iter_readable(iter, bytes))) {
                        bytes = min_t(unsigned long, iov_iter_count(iter),
                                      PAGE_SIZE - offset);
 
-                       if (unlikely(iov_iter_fault_in_readable(iter, bytes))) {
+                       if (unlikely(fault_in_iov_iter_readable(iter, bytes))) {
                                ret = -EFAULT;
                                break;
                        }
@@ -1628,23 +2049,34 @@ again:
                }
                pos += ret;
                written += ret;
+               ret = 0;
 
                balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited(mapping);
        } while (iov_iter_count(iter));
 
-       bch2_pagecache_add_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       bch2_pagecache_add_put(inode);
 
        return written ? written : ret;
 }
 
 /* O_DIRECT reads */
 
+static void bio_check_or_release(struct bio *bio, bool check_dirty)
+{
+       if (check_dirty) {
+               bio_check_pages_dirty(bio);
+       } else {
+               bio_release_pages(bio, false);
+               bio_put(bio);
+       }
+}
+
 static void bch2_dio_read_complete(struct closure *cl)
 {
        struct dio_read *dio = container_of(cl, struct dio_read, cl);
 
-       dio->req->ki_complete(dio->req, dio->ret, 0);
-       bio_check_pages_dirty(&dio->rbio.bio);  /* transfers ownership */
+       dio->req->ki_complete(dio->req, dio->ret);
+       bio_check_or_release(&dio->rbio.bio, dio->should_dirty);
 }
 
 static void bch2_direct_IO_read_endio(struct bio *bio)
@@ -1659,8 +2091,11 @@ static void bch2_direct_IO_read_endio(struct bio *bio)
 
 static void bch2_direct_IO_read_split_endio(struct bio *bio)
 {
+       struct dio_read *dio = bio->bi_private;
+       bool should_dirty = dio->should_dirty;
+
        bch2_direct_IO_read_endio(bio);
-       bio_check_pages_dirty(bio);     /* transfers ownership */
+       bio_check_or_release(bio, should_dirty);
 }
 
 static int bch2_direct_IO_read(struct kiocb *req, struct iov_iter *iter)
@@ -1668,7 +2103,7 @@ static int bch2_direct_IO_read(struct kiocb *req, struct iov_iter *iter)
        struct file *file = req->ki_filp;
        struct bch_inode_info *inode = file_bch_inode(file);
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct bch_io_opts opts = io_opts(c, &inode->ei_inode);
+       struct bch_io_opts opts;
        struct dio_read *dio;
        struct bio *bio;
        loff_t offset = req->ki_pos;
@@ -1676,6 +2111,8 @@ static int bch2_direct_IO_read(struct kiocb *req, struct iov_iter *iter)
        size_t shorten;
        ssize_t ret;
 
+       bch2_inode_opts_get(&opts, c, &inode->ei_inode);
+
        if ((offset|iter->count) & (block_bytes(c) - 1))
                return -EINVAL;
 
@@ -1688,8 +2125,10 @@ static int bch2_direct_IO_read(struct kiocb *req, struct iov_iter *iter)
        shorten = iov_iter_count(iter) - round_up(ret, block_bytes(c));
        iter->count -= shorten;
 
-       bio = bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_KERNEL,
-                              iov_iter_npages(iter, BIO_MAX_PAGES),
+       bio = bio_alloc_bioset(NULL,
+                              bio_iov_vecs_to_alloc(iter, BIO_MAX_VECS),
+                              REQ_OP_READ,
+                              GFP_KERNEL,
                               &c->dio_read_bioset);
 
        bio->bi_end_io = bch2_direct_IO_read_endio;
@@ -1714,15 +2153,23 @@ static int bch2_direct_IO_read(struct kiocb *req, struct iov_iter *iter)
 
        dio->req        = req;
        dio->ret        = ret;
+       /*
+        * This is one of the sketchier things I've encountered: we have to skip
+        * the dirtying of requests that are internal from the kernel (i.e. from
+        * loopback), because we'll deadlock on page_lock.
+        */
+       dio->should_dirty = iter_is_iovec(iter);
 
        goto start;
        while (iter->count) {
-               bio = bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_KERNEL,
-                                      iov_iter_npages(iter, BIO_MAX_PAGES),
+               bio = bio_alloc_bioset(NULL,
+                                      bio_iov_vecs_to_alloc(iter, BIO_MAX_VECS),
+                                      REQ_OP_READ,
+                                      GFP_KERNEL,
                                       &c->bio_read);
                bio->bi_end_io          = bch2_direct_IO_read_split_endio;
 start:
-               bio_set_op_attrs(bio, REQ_OP_READ, REQ_SYNC);
+               bio->bi_opf             = REQ_OP_READ|REQ_SYNC;
                bio->bi_iter.bi_sector  = offset >> 9;
                bio->bi_private         = dio;
 
@@ -1735,12 +2182,14 @@ start:
                }
 
                offset += bio->bi_iter.bi_size;
-               bio_set_pages_dirty(bio);
+
+               if (dio->should_dirty)
+                       bio_set_pages_dirty(bio);
 
                if (iter->count)
                        closure_get(&dio->cl);
 
-               bch2_read(c, rbio_init(bio, opts), inode->v.i_ino);
+               bch2_read(c, rbio_init(bio, opts), inode_inum(inode));
        }
 
        iter->count += shorten;
@@ -1749,7 +2198,7 @@ start:
                closure_sync(&dio->cl);
                closure_debug_destroy(&dio->cl);
                ret = dio->ret;
-               bio_check_pages_dirty(&dio->rbio.bio); /* transfers ownership */
+               bio_check_or_release(&dio->rbio.bio, dio->should_dirty);
                return ret;
        } else {
                return -EIOCBQUEUED;
@@ -1770,11 +2219,13 @@ ssize_t bch2_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
        if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT) {
                struct blk_plug plug;
 
-               ret = filemap_write_and_wait_range(mapping,
-                                       iocb->ki_pos,
-                                       iocb->ki_pos + count - 1);
-               if (ret < 0)
-                       return ret;
+               if (unlikely(mapping->nrpages)) {
+                       ret = filemap_write_and_wait_range(mapping,
+                                               iocb->ki_pos,
+                                               iocb->ki_pos + count - 1);
+                       if (ret < 0)
+                               goto out;
+               }
 
                file_accessed(file);
 
@@ -1785,49 +2236,251 @@ ssize_t bch2_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
                if (ret >= 0)
                        iocb->ki_pos += ret;
        } else {
-               bch2_pagecache_add_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+               bch2_pagecache_add_get(inode);
                ret = generic_file_read_iter(iocb, iter);
-               bch2_pagecache_add_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+               bch2_pagecache_add_put(inode);
+       }
+out:
+       return bch2_err_class(ret);
+}
+
+/* O_DIRECT writes */
+
+static bool bch2_check_range_allocated(struct bch_fs *c, subvol_inum inum,
+                                      u64 offset, u64 size,
+                                      unsigned nr_replicas, bool compressed)
+{
+       struct btree_trans trans;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_s_c k;
+       u64 end = offset + size;
+       u32 snapshot;
+       bool ret = true;
+       int err;
+
+       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
+retry:
+       bch2_trans_begin(&trans);
+
+       err = bch2_subvolume_get_snapshot(&trans, inum.subvol, &snapshot);
+       if (err)
+               goto err;
+
+       for_each_btree_key_norestart(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
+                          SPOS(inum.inum, offset, snapshot),
+                          BTREE_ITER_SLOTS, k, err) {
+               if (bkey_ge(bkey_start_pos(k.k), POS(inum.inum, end)))
+                       break;
+
+               if (k.k->p.snapshot != snapshot ||
+                   nr_replicas > bch2_bkey_replicas(c, k) ||
+                   (!compressed && bch2_bkey_sectors_compressed(k))) {
+                       ret = false;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       offset = iter.pos.offset;
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
+err:
+       if (bch2_err_matches(err, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
+               goto retry;
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
+
+       return err ? false : ret;
+}
+
+static noinline bool bch2_dio_write_check_allocated(struct dio_write *dio)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = dio->op.c;
+       struct bch_inode_info *inode = dio->inode;
+       struct bio *bio = &dio->op.wbio.bio;
+
+       return bch2_check_range_allocated(c, inode_inum(inode),
+                               dio->op.pos.offset, bio_sectors(bio),
+                               dio->op.opts.data_replicas,
+                               dio->op.opts.compression != 0);
+}
+
+static void bch2_dio_write_loop_async(struct bch_write_op *);
+static __always_inline long bch2_dio_write_done(struct dio_write *dio);
+
+static noinline int bch2_dio_write_copy_iov(struct dio_write *dio)
+{
+       struct iovec *iov = dio->inline_vecs;
+
+       if (dio->iter.nr_segs > ARRAY_SIZE(dio->inline_vecs)) {
+               iov = kmalloc_array(dio->iter.nr_segs, sizeof(*iov),
+                                   GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (unlikely(!iov))
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+
+               dio->free_iov = true;
+       }
+
+       memcpy(iov, dio->iter.iov, dio->iter.nr_segs * sizeof(*iov));
+       dio->iter.iov = iov;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void bch2_dio_write_flush_done(struct closure *cl)
+{
+       struct dio_write *dio = container_of(cl, struct dio_write, op.cl);
+       struct bch_fs *c = dio->op.c;
+
+       closure_debug_destroy(cl);
+
+       dio->op.error = bch2_journal_error(&c->journal);
+
+       bch2_dio_write_done(dio);
+}
+
+static noinline void bch2_dio_write_flush(struct dio_write *dio)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = dio->op.c;
+       struct bch_inode_unpacked inode;
+       int ret;
+
+       dio->flush = 0;
+
+       closure_init(&dio->op.cl, NULL);
+
+       if (!dio->op.error) {
+               ret = bch2_inode_find_by_inum(c, inode_inum(dio->inode), &inode);
+               if (ret) {
+                       dio->op.error = ret;
+               } else {
+                       bch2_journal_flush_seq_async(&c->journal, inode.bi_journal_seq, &dio->op.cl);
+                       bch2_inode_flush_nocow_writes_async(c, dio->inode, &dio->op.cl);
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (dio->sync) {
+               closure_sync(&dio->op.cl);
+               closure_debug_destroy(&dio->op.cl);
+       } else {
+               continue_at(&dio->op.cl, bch2_dio_write_flush_done, NULL);
+       }
+}
+
+static __always_inline long bch2_dio_write_done(struct dio_write *dio)
+{
+       struct kiocb *req = dio->req;
+       struct bch_inode_info *inode = dio->inode;
+       bool sync = dio->sync;
+       long ret;
+
+       if (unlikely(dio->flush)) {
+               bch2_dio_write_flush(dio);
+               if (!sync)
+                       return -EIOCBQUEUED;
        }
 
+       bch2_pagecache_block_put(inode);
+
+       if (dio->free_iov)
+               kfree(dio->iter.iov);
+
+       ret = dio->op.error ?: ((long) dio->written << 9);
+       bio_put(&dio->op.wbio.bio);
+
+       /* inode->i_dio_count is our ref on inode and thus bch_fs */
+       inode_dio_end(&inode->v);
+
+       if (ret < 0)
+               ret = bch2_err_class(ret);
+
+       if (!sync) {
+               req->ki_complete(req, ret);
+               ret = -EIOCBQUEUED;
+       }
        return ret;
 }
 
-/* O_DIRECT writes */
+static __always_inline void bch2_dio_write_end(struct dio_write *dio)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = dio->op.c;
+       struct kiocb *req = dio->req;
+       struct bch_inode_info *inode = dio->inode;
+       struct bio *bio = &dio->op.wbio.bio;
+
+       req->ki_pos     += (u64) dio->op.written << 9;
+       dio->written    += dio->op.written;
+
+       if (dio->extending) {
+               spin_lock(&inode->v.i_lock);
+               if (req->ki_pos > inode->v.i_size)
+                       i_size_write(&inode->v, req->ki_pos);
+               spin_unlock(&inode->v.i_lock);
+       }
 
-static long bch2_dio_write_loop(struct dio_write *dio)
+       if (dio->op.i_sectors_delta || dio->quota_res.sectors) {
+               mutex_lock(&inode->ei_quota_lock);
+               __i_sectors_acct(c, inode, &dio->quota_res, dio->op.i_sectors_delta);
+               __bch2_quota_reservation_put(c, inode, &dio->quota_res);
+               mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_quota_lock);
+       }
+
+       if (likely(!bio_flagged(bio, BIO_NO_PAGE_REF))) {
+               struct bvec_iter_all iter;
+               struct folio_vec fv;
+
+               bio_for_each_folio_all(fv, bio, iter)
+                       folio_put(fv.fv_folio);
+       }
+
+       if (unlikely(dio->op.error))
+               set_bit(EI_INODE_ERROR, &inode->ei_flags);
+}
+
+static __always_inline long bch2_dio_write_loop(struct dio_write *dio)
 {
-       bool kthread = (current->flags & PF_KTHREAD) != 0;
        struct bch_fs *c = dio->op.c;
        struct kiocb *req = dio->req;
-       struct address_space *mapping = req->ki_filp->f_mapping;
-       struct bch_inode_info *inode = file_bch_inode(req->ki_filp);
+       struct address_space *mapping = dio->mapping;
+       struct bch_inode_info *inode = dio->inode;
+       struct bch_io_opts opts;
        struct bio *bio = &dio->op.wbio.bio;
-       struct bvec_iter_all iter;
-       struct bio_vec *bv;
-       unsigned unaligned;
-       u64 new_i_size;
-       bool sync;
+       unsigned unaligned, iter_count;
+       bool sync = dio->sync, dropped_locks;
        long ret;
 
-       if (dio->loop)
-               goto loop;
+       bch2_inode_opts_get(&opts, c, &inode->ei_inode);
 
        while (1) {
-               if (kthread)
-                       use_mm(dio->mm);
-               BUG_ON(current->faults_disabled_mapping);
+               iter_count = dio->iter.count;
+
+               EBUG_ON(current->faults_disabled_mapping);
                current->faults_disabled_mapping = mapping;
 
                ret = bio_iov_iter_get_pages(bio, &dio->iter);
 
+               dropped_locks = fdm_dropped_locks();
+
                current->faults_disabled_mapping = NULL;
-               if (kthread)
-                       unuse_mm(dio->mm);
+
+               /*
+                * If the fault handler returned an error but also signalled
+                * that it dropped & retook ei_pagecache_lock, we just need to
+                * re-shoot down the page cache and retry:
+                */
+               if (dropped_locks && ret)
+                       ret = 0;
 
                if (unlikely(ret < 0))
                        goto err;
 
+               if (unlikely(dropped_locks)) {
+                       ret = write_invalidate_inode_pages_range(mapping,
+                                       req->ki_pos,
+                                       req->ki_pos + iter_count - 1);
+                       if (unlikely(ret))
+                               goto err;
+
+                       if (!bio->bi_iter.bi_size)
+                               continue;
+               }
+
                unaligned = bio->bi_iter.bi_size & (block_bytes(c) - 1);
                bio->bi_iter.bi_size -= unaligned;
                iov_iter_revert(&dio->iter, unaligned);
@@ -1837,93 +2490,97 @@ static long bch2_dio_write_loop(struct dio_write *dio)
                         * bio_iov_iter_get_pages was only able to get <
                         * blocksize worth of pages:
                         */
-                       bio_for_each_segment_all(bv, bio, iter)
-                               put_page(bv->bv_page);
                        ret = -EFAULT;
                        goto err;
                }
 
-               dio->op.pos = POS(inode->v.i_ino,
-                                 (req->ki_pos >> 9) + dio->op.written);
-
-               task_io_account_write(bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
+               bch2_write_op_init(&dio->op, c, opts);
+               dio->op.end_io          = sync
+                       ? NULL
+                       : bch2_dio_write_loop_async;
+               dio->op.target          = dio->op.opts.foreground_target;
+               dio->op.write_point     = writepoint_hashed((unsigned long) current);
+               dio->op.nr_replicas     = dio->op.opts.data_replicas;
+               dio->op.subvol          = inode->ei_subvol;
+               dio->op.pos             = POS(inode->v.i_ino, (u64) req->ki_pos >> 9);
+               dio->op.devs_need_flush = &inode->ei_devs_need_flush;
+
+               if (sync)
+                       dio->op.flags |= BCH_WRITE_SYNC;
+               dio->op.flags |= BCH_WRITE_CHECK_ENOSPC;
+
+               ret = bch2_quota_reservation_add(c, inode, &dio->quota_res,
+                                                bio_sectors(bio), true);
+               if (unlikely(ret))
+                       goto err;
 
-               if (!dio->sync && !dio->loop && dio->iter.count) {
-                       struct iovec *iov = dio->inline_vecs;
+               ret = bch2_disk_reservation_get(c, &dio->op.res, bio_sectors(bio),
+                                               dio->op.opts.data_replicas, 0);
+               if (unlikely(ret) &&
+                   !bch2_dio_write_check_allocated(dio))
+                       goto err;
 
-                       if (dio->iter.nr_segs > ARRAY_SIZE(dio->inline_vecs)) {
-                               iov = kmalloc(dio->iter.nr_segs * sizeof(*iov),
-                                             GFP_KERNEL);
-                               if (unlikely(!iov)) {
-                                       dio->sync = true;
-                                       goto do_io;
-                               }
+               task_io_account_write(bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
 
-                               dio->free_iov = true;
-                       }
+               if (unlikely(dio->iter.count) &&
+                   !dio->sync &&
+                   !dio->loop &&
+                   bch2_dio_write_copy_iov(dio))
+                       dio->sync = sync = true;
 
-                       memcpy(iov, dio->iter.iov, dio->iter.nr_segs * sizeof(*iov));
-                       dio->iter.iov = iov;
-               }
-do_io:
                dio->loop = true;
                closure_call(&dio->op.cl, bch2_write, NULL, NULL);
 
-               if (dio->sync)
-                       wait_for_completion(&dio->done);
-               else
+               if (!sync)
                        return -EIOCBQUEUED;
-loop:
-               i_sectors_acct(c, inode, &dio->quota_res,
-                              dio->op.i_sectors_delta);
-               dio->op.i_sectors_delta = 0;
-
-               new_i_size = req->ki_pos + ((u64) dio->op.written << 9);
 
-               spin_lock(&inode->v.i_lock);
-               if (new_i_size > inode->v.i_size)
-                       i_size_write(&inode->v, new_i_size);
-               spin_unlock(&inode->v.i_lock);
+               bch2_dio_write_end(dio);
 
-               bio_for_each_segment_all(bv, bio, iter)
-                       put_page(bv->bv_page);
-               if (!dio->iter.count || dio->op.error)
+               if (likely(!dio->iter.count) || dio->op.error)
                        break;
 
-               bio_reset(bio);
-               reinit_completion(&dio->done);
+               bio_reset(bio, NULL, REQ_OP_WRITE);
        }
-
-       ret = dio->op.error ?: ((long) dio->op.written << 9);
+out:
+       return bch2_dio_write_done(dio);
 err:
-       bch2_pagecache_block_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
-       bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &dio->op.res);
-       bch2_quota_reservation_put(c, inode, &dio->quota_res);
+       dio->op.error = ret;
 
-       if (dio->free_iov)
-               kfree(dio->iter.iov);
+       if (!bio_flagged(bio, BIO_NO_PAGE_REF)) {
+               struct bvec_iter_all iter;
+               struct folio_vec fv;
 
-       sync = dio->sync;
-       bio_put(bio);
+               bio_for_each_folio_all(fv, bio, iter)
+                       folio_put(fv.fv_folio);
+       }
 
-       /* inode->i_dio_count is our ref on inode and thus bch_fs */
-       inode_dio_end(&inode->v);
+       bch2_quota_reservation_put(c, inode, &dio->quota_res);
+       goto out;
+}
 
-       if (!sync) {
-               req->ki_complete(req, ret, 0);
-               ret = -EIOCBQUEUED;
-       }
-       return ret;
+static noinline __cold void bch2_dio_write_continue(struct dio_write *dio)
+{
+       struct mm_struct *mm = dio->mm;
+
+       bio_reset(&dio->op.wbio.bio, NULL, REQ_OP_WRITE);
+
+       if (mm)
+               kthread_use_mm(mm);
+       bch2_dio_write_loop(dio);
+       if (mm)
+               kthread_unuse_mm(mm);
 }
 
 static void bch2_dio_write_loop_async(struct bch_write_op *op)
 {
        struct dio_write *dio = container_of(op, struct dio_write, op);
 
-       if (dio->sync)
-               complete(&dio->done);
+       bch2_dio_write_end(dio);
+
+       if (likely(!dio->iter.count) || dio->op.error)
+               bch2_dio_write_done(dio);
        else
-               bch2_dio_write_loop(dio);
+               bch2_dio_write_continue(dio);
 }
 
 static noinline
@@ -1933,7 +2590,6 @@ ssize_t bch2_direct_write(struct kiocb *req, struct iov_iter *iter)
        struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
        struct bch_inode_info *inode = file_bch_inode(file);
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct bch_io_opts opts = io_opts(c, &inode->ei_inode);
        struct dio_write *dio;
        struct bio *bio;
        bool locked = true, extending;
@@ -1962,7 +2618,7 @@ ssize_t bch2_direct_write(struct kiocb *req, struct iov_iter *iter)
                goto err;
 
        inode_dio_begin(&inode->v);
-       bch2_pagecache_block_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       bch2_pagecache_block_get(inode);
 
        extending = req->ki_pos + iter->count > inode->v.i_size;
        if (!extending) {
@@ -1970,63 +2626,41 @@ ssize_t bch2_direct_write(struct kiocb *req, struct iov_iter *iter)
                locked = false;
        }
 
-       bio = bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_KERNEL,
-                              iov_iter_npages(iter, BIO_MAX_PAGES),
+       bio = bio_alloc_bioset(NULL,
+                              bio_iov_vecs_to_alloc(iter, BIO_MAX_VECS),
+                              REQ_OP_WRITE,
+                              GFP_KERNEL,
                               &c->dio_write_bioset);
        dio = container_of(bio, struct dio_write, op.wbio.bio);
-       init_completion(&dio->done);
        dio->req                = req;
+       dio->mapping            = mapping;
+       dio->inode              = inode;
        dio->mm                 = current->mm;
        dio->loop               = false;
+       dio->extending          = extending;
        dio->sync               = is_sync_kiocb(req) || extending;
+       dio->flush              = iocb_is_dsync(req) && !c->opts.journal_flush_disabled;
        dio->free_iov           = false;
        dio->quota_res.sectors  = 0;
+       dio->written            = 0;
        dio->iter               = *iter;
+       dio->op.c               = c;
 
-       bch2_write_op_init(&dio->op, c, opts);
-       dio->op.end_io          = bch2_dio_write_loop_async;
-       dio->op.target          = opts.foreground_target;
-       op_journal_seq_set(&dio->op, &inode->ei_journal_seq);
-       dio->op.write_point     = writepoint_hashed((unsigned long) current);
-       dio->op.flags |= BCH_WRITE_NOPUT_RESERVATION;
-
-       if ((req->ki_flags & IOCB_DSYNC) &&
-           !c->opts.journal_flush_disabled)
-               dio->op.flags |= BCH_WRITE_FLUSH;
-
-       ret = bch2_quota_reservation_add(c, inode, &dio->quota_res,
-                                        iter->count >> 9, true);
-       if (unlikely(ret))
-               goto err_put_bio;
-
-       dio->op.nr_replicas     = dio->op.opts.data_replicas;
-
-       ret = bch2_disk_reservation_get(c, &dio->op.res, iter->count >> 9,
-                                       dio->op.opts.data_replicas, 0);
-       if (unlikely(ret) &&
-           !bch2_check_range_allocated(c, POS(inode->v.i_ino,
-                                              req->ki_pos >> 9),
-                                       iter->count >> 9,
-                                       dio->op.opts.data_replicas))
-               goto err_put_bio;
-
-       ret = write_invalidate_inode_pages_range(mapping,
-                                       req->ki_pos,
-                                       req->ki_pos + iter->count - 1);
-       if (unlikely(ret))
-               goto err_put_bio;
+       if (unlikely(mapping->nrpages)) {
+               ret = write_invalidate_inode_pages_range(mapping,
+                                               req->ki_pos,
+                                               req->ki_pos + iter->count - 1);
+               if (unlikely(ret))
+                       goto err_put_bio;
+       }
 
        ret = bch2_dio_write_loop(dio);
 err:
        if (locked)
                inode_unlock(&inode->v);
-       if (ret > 0)
-               req->ki_pos += ret;
        return ret;
 err_put_bio:
-       bch2_pagecache_block_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
-       bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &dio->op.res);
-       bch2_quota_reservation_put(c, inode, &dio->quota_res);
+       bch2_pagecache_block_put(inode);
        bio_put(bio);
        inode_dio_end(&inode->v);
        goto err;
@@ -2038,8 +2672,10 @@ ssize_t bch2_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
        struct bch_inode_info *inode = file_bch_inode(file);
        ssize_t ret;
 
-       if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT)
-               return bch2_direct_write(iocb, from);
+       if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT) {
+               ret = bch2_direct_write(iocb, from);
+               goto out;
+       }
 
        /* We can write back this queue in page reclaim */
        current->backing_dev_info = inode_to_bdi(&inode->v);
@@ -2066,157 +2702,221 @@ unlock:
 
        if (ret > 0)
                ret = generic_write_sync(iocb, ret);
-
-       return ret;
+out:
+       return bch2_err_class(ret);
 }
 
 /* fsync: */
 
-int bch2_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end, int datasync)
+/*
+ * inode->ei_inode.bi_journal_seq won't be up to date since it's set in an
+ * insert trigger: look up the btree inode instead
+ */
+static int bch2_flush_inode(struct bch_fs *c,
+                           struct bch_inode_info *inode)
 {
-       struct bch_inode_info *inode = file_bch_inode(file);
-       struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       int ret, ret2;
+       struct bch_inode_unpacked u;
+       int ret;
 
-       ret = file_write_and_wait_range(file, start, end);
+       if (c->opts.journal_flush_disabled)
+               return 0;
+
+       ret = bch2_inode_find_by_inum(c, inode_inum(inode), &u);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
-       if (datasync && !(inode->v.i_state & I_DIRTY_DATASYNC))
-               goto out;
+       return bch2_journal_flush_seq(&c->journal, u.bi_journal_seq) ?:
+               bch2_inode_flush_nocow_writes(c, inode);
+}
 
-       ret = sync_inode_metadata(&inode->v, 1);
-       if (ret)
-               return ret;
-out:
-       if (!c->opts.journal_flush_disabled)
-               ret = bch2_journal_flush_seq(&c->journal,
-                                            inode->ei_journal_seq);
-       ret2 = file_check_and_advance_wb_err(file);
+int bch2_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end, int datasync)
+{
+       struct bch_inode_info *inode = file_bch_inode(file);
+       struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
+       int ret, ret2, ret3;
 
-       return ret ?: ret2;
+       ret = file_write_and_wait_range(file, start, end);
+       ret2 = sync_inode_metadata(&inode->v, 1);
+       ret3 = bch2_flush_inode(c, inode);
+
+       return bch2_err_class(ret ?: ret2 ?: ret3);
 }
 
 /* truncate: */
 
-static inline int range_has_data(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                 struct bpos start,
-                                 struct bpos end)
+static inline int range_has_data(struct bch_fs *c, u32 subvol,
+                                struct bpos start,
+                                struct bpos end)
 {
        struct btree_trans trans;
-       struct btree_iter *iter;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
        struct bkey_s_c k;
        int ret = 0;
 
        bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
+retry:
+       bch2_trans_begin(&trans);
 
-       for_each_btree_key(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_EXTENTS, start, 0, k, ret) {
-               if (bkey_cmp(bkey_start_pos(k.k), end) >= 0)
-                       break;
+       ret = bch2_subvolume_get_snapshot(&trans, subvol, &start.snapshot);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
 
-               if (bkey_extent_is_data(k.k)) {
+       for_each_btree_key_upto_norestart(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_extents, start, end, 0, k, ret)
+               if (bkey_extent_is_data(k.k) && !bkey_extent_is_unwritten(k)) {
                        ret = 1;
                        break;
                }
-       }
+       start = iter.pos;
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
+err:
+       if (bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
+               goto retry;
 
-       return bch2_trans_exit(&trans) ?: ret;
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
+       return ret;
 }
 
-static int __bch2_truncate_page(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
-                               pgoff_t index, loff_t start, loff_t end)
+static int __bch2_truncate_folio(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                                pgoff_t index, loff_t start, loff_t end)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
        struct address_space *mapping = inode->v.i_mapping;
-       struct bch_page_state *s;
+       struct bch_folio *s;
        unsigned start_offset = start & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
        unsigned end_offset = ((end - 1) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) + 1;
        unsigned i;
-       struct page *page;
+       struct folio *folio;
+       s64 i_sectors_delta = 0;
        int ret = 0;
+       u64 end_pos;
 
-       /* Page boundary? Nothing to do */
-       if (!((index == start >> PAGE_SHIFT && start_offset) ||
-             (index == end >> PAGE_SHIFT && end_offset != PAGE_SIZE)))
-               return 0;
-
-       /* Above i_size? */
-       if (index << PAGE_SHIFT >= inode->v.i_size)
-               return 0;
-
-       page = find_lock_page(mapping, index);
-       if (!page) {
+       folio = filemap_lock_folio(mapping, index);
+       if (!folio) {
                /*
                 * XXX: we're doing two index lookups when we end up reading the
-                * page
+                * folio
                 */
-               ret = range_has_data(c,
-                               POS(inode->v.i_ino, index << PAGE_SECTOR_SHIFT),
-                               POS(inode->v.i_ino, (index + 1) << PAGE_SECTOR_SHIFT));
+               ret = range_has_data(c, inode->ei_subvol,
+                               POS(inode->v.i_ino, (index << PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT)),
+                               POS(inode->v.i_ino, (index << PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT) + PAGE_SECTORS));
                if (ret <= 0)
                        return ret;
 
-               page = find_or_create_page(mapping, index, GFP_KERNEL);
-               if (unlikely(!page)) {
+               folio = __filemap_get_folio(mapping, index,
+                                           FGP_LOCK|FGP_CREAT, GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (unlikely(!folio)) {
                        ret = -ENOMEM;
                        goto out;
                }
        }
 
-       s = bch2_page_state_create(page, 0);
+       BUG_ON(start    >= folio_end_pos(folio));
+       BUG_ON(end      <= folio_pos(folio));
+
+       start_offset    = max(start, folio_pos(folio)) - folio_pos(folio);
+       end_offset      = min_t(u64, end, folio_end_pos(folio)) - folio_pos(folio);
+
+       /* Folio boundary? Nothing to do */
+       if (start_offset == 0 &&
+           end_offset == folio_size(folio)) {
+               ret = 0;
+               goto unlock;
+       }
+
+       s = bch2_folio_create(folio, 0);
        if (!s) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                goto unlock;
        }
 
-       if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
-               ret = bch2_read_single_page(page, mapping);
+       if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio)) {
+               ret = bch2_read_single_folio(folio, mapping);
                if (ret)
                        goto unlock;
        }
 
-       if (index != start >> PAGE_SHIFT)
-               start_offset = 0;
-       if (index != end >> PAGE_SHIFT)
-               end_offset = PAGE_SIZE;
+       if (!s->uptodate) {
+               ret = bch2_folio_set(c, inode_inum(inode), &folio, 1);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto unlock;
+       }
 
        for (i = round_up(start_offset, block_bytes(c)) >> 9;
             i < round_down(end_offset, block_bytes(c)) >> 9;
             i++) {
                s->s[i].nr_replicas     = 0;
-               s->s[i].state           = SECTOR_UNALLOCATED;
+
+               i_sectors_delta -= s->s[i].state == SECTOR_dirty;
+               folio_sector_set(folio, s, i, SECTOR_unallocated);
        }
 
-       zero_user_segment(page, start_offset, end_offset);
+       i_sectors_acct(c, inode, NULL, i_sectors_delta);
+
+       /*
+        * Caller needs to know whether this folio will be written out by
+        * writeback - doing an i_size update if necessary - or whether it will
+        * be responsible for the i_size update.
+        *
+        * Note that we shouldn't ever see a folio beyond EOF, but check and
+        * warn if so. This has been observed by failure to clean up folios
+        * after a short write and there's still a chance reclaim will fix
+        * things up.
+        */
+       WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_pos(folio) >= inode->v.i_size);
+       end_pos = folio_end_pos(folio);
+       if (inode->v.i_size > folio_pos(folio))
+               end_pos = min_t(u64, inode->v.i_size, end_pos);
+       ret = s->s[folio_pos_to_s(folio, end_pos - 1)].state >= SECTOR_dirty;
+
+       folio_zero_segment(folio, start_offset, end_offset);
 
        /*
         * Bit of a hack - we don't want truncate to fail due to -ENOSPC.
         *
-        * XXX: because we aren't currently tracking whether the page has actual
+        * XXX: because we aren't currently tracking whether the folio has actual
         * data in it (vs. just 0s, or only partially written) this wrong. ick.
         */
-       ret = bch2_get_page_disk_reservation(c, inode, page, false);
-       BUG_ON(ret);
+       BUG_ON(bch2_get_folio_disk_reservation(c, inode, folio, false));
 
-       __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(page);
+       /*
+        * This removes any writeable userspace mappings; we need to force
+        * .page_mkwrite to be called again before any mmapped writes, to
+        * redirty the full page:
+        */
+       folio_mkclean(folio);
+       filemap_dirty_folio(mapping, folio);
 unlock:
-       unlock_page(page);
-       put_page(page);
+       folio_unlock(folio);
+       folio_put(folio);
 out:
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int bch2_truncate_page(struct bch_inode_info *inode, loff_t from)
+static int bch2_truncate_folio(struct bch_inode_info *inode, loff_t from)
+{
+       return __bch2_truncate_folio(inode, from >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+                                    from, ANYSINT_MAX(loff_t));
+}
+
+static int bch2_truncate_folios(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                               loff_t start, loff_t end)
 {
-       return __bch2_truncate_page(inode, from >> PAGE_SHIFT,
-                                   from, round_up(from, PAGE_SIZE));
+       int ret = __bch2_truncate_folio(inode, start >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+                                       start, end);
+
+       if (ret >= 0 &&
+           start >> PAGE_SHIFT != end >> PAGE_SHIFT)
+               ret = __bch2_truncate_folio(inode,
+                                       (end - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+                                       start, end);
+       return ret;
 }
 
-static int bch2_extend(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+static int bch2_extend(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns,
+                      struct bch_inode_info *inode,
                       struct bch_inode_unpacked *inode_u,
                       struct iattr *iattr)
 {
-       struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
        struct address_space *mapping = inode->v.i_mapping;
        int ret;
 
@@ -2230,24 +2930,15 @@ static int bch2_extend(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
                return ret;
 
        truncate_setsize(&inode->v, iattr->ia_size);
-       setattr_copy(&inode->v, iattr);
-
-       mutex_lock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
-       ret = bch2_write_inode_size(c, inode, inode->v.i_size,
-                                   ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME);
-       mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
 
-       return ret;
+       return bch2_setattr_nonsize(mnt_userns, inode, iattr);
 }
 
 static int bch2_truncate_finish_fn(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
                                   struct bch_inode_unpacked *bi,
                                   void *p)
 {
-       struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-
        bi->bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_I_SIZE_DIRTY;
-       bi->bi_mtime = bi->bi_ctime = bch2_current_time(c);
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2261,29 +2952,33 @@ static int bch2_truncate_start_fn(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
        return 0;
 }
 
-int bch2_truncate(struct bch_inode_info *inode, struct iattr *iattr)
+int bch2_truncate(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns,
+                 struct bch_inode_info *inode, struct iattr *iattr)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
        struct address_space *mapping = inode->v.i_mapping;
        struct bch_inode_unpacked inode_u;
-       struct btree_trans trans;
-       struct btree_iter *iter;
        u64 new_i_size = iattr->ia_size;
        s64 i_sectors_delta = 0;
        int ret = 0;
 
-       inode_dio_wait(&inode->v);
-       bch2_pagecache_block_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
-
        /*
-        * fetch current on disk i_size: inode is locked, i_size can only
-        * increase underneath us:
+        * If the truncate call with change the size of the file, the
+        * cmtimes should be updated. If the size will not change, we
+        * do not need to update the cmtimes.
         */
-       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
-       iter = bch2_inode_peek(&trans, &inode_u, inode->v.i_ino, 0);
-       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(iter);
-       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
+       if (iattr->ia_size != inode->v.i_size) {
+               if (!(iattr->ia_valid & ATTR_MTIME))
+                       ktime_get_coarse_real_ts64(&iattr->ia_mtime);
+               if (!(iattr->ia_valid & ATTR_CTIME))
+                       ktime_get_coarse_real_ts64(&iattr->ia_ctime);
+               iattr->ia_valid |= ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME;
+       }
+
+       inode_dio_wait(&inode->v);
+       bch2_pagecache_block_get(inode);
 
+       ret = bch2_inode_find_by_inum(c, inode_inum(inode), &inode_u);
        if (ret)
                goto err;
 
@@ -2296,15 +2991,20 @@ int bch2_truncate(struct bch_inode_info *inode, struct iattr *iattr)
        if (ret)
                goto err;
 
-       BUG_ON(inode->v.i_size < inode_u.bi_size);
+       WARN_ONCE(!test_bit(EI_INODE_ERROR, &inode->ei_flags) &&
+                 inode->v.i_size < inode_u.bi_size,
+                 "truncate spotted in mem i_size < btree i_size: %llu < %llu\n",
+                 (u64) inode->v.i_size, inode_u.bi_size);
 
        if (iattr->ia_size > inode->v.i_size) {
-               ret = bch2_extend(inode, &inode_u, iattr);
+               ret = bch2_extend(mnt_userns, inode, &inode_u, iattr);
                goto err;
        }
 
-       ret = bch2_truncate_page(inode, iattr->ia_size);
-       if (unlikely(ret))
+       iattr->ia_valid &= ~ATTR_SIZE;
+
+       ret = bch2_truncate_folio(inode, iattr->ia_size);
+       if (unlikely(ret < 0))
                goto err;
 
        /*
@@ -2338,68 +3038,76 @@ int bch2_truncate(struct bch_inode_info *inode, struct iattr *iattr)
 
        truncate_setsize(&inode->v, iattr->ia_size);
 
-       ret = bch2_fpunch(c, inode->v.i_ino,
+       ret = bch2_fpunch(c, inode_inum(inode),
                        round_up(iattr->ia_size, block_bytes(c)) >> 9,
-                       U64_MAX, &inode->ei_journal_seq, &i_sectors_delta);
+                       U64_MAX, &i_sectors_delta);
        i_sectors_acct(c, inode, NULL, i_sectors_delta);
 
+       bch2_fs_inconsistent_on(!inode->v.i_size && inode->v.i_blocks &&
+                               !bch2_journal_error(&c->journal), c,
+                               "inode %lu truncated to 0 but i_blocks %llu (ondisk %lli)",
+                               inode->v.i_ino, (u64) inode->v.i_blocks,
+                               inode->ei_inode.bi_sectors);
        if (unlikely(ret))
                goto err;
 
-       setattr_copy(&inode->v, iattr);
-
        mutex_lock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
-       ret = bch2_write_inode(c, inode, bch2_truncate_finish_fn, NULL,
-                              ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME);
+       ret = bch2_write_inode(c, inode, bch2_truncate_finish_fn, NULL, 0);
        mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
+
+       ret = bch2_setattr_nonsize(mnt_userns, inode, iattr);
 err:
-       bch2_pagecache_block_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
-       return ret;
+       bch2_pagecache_block_put(inode);
+       return bch2_err_class(ret);
 }
 
 /* fallocate: */
 
-static long bchfs_fpunch(struct bch_inode_info *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
+static int inode_update_times_fn(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                                struct bch_inode_unpacked *bi, void *p)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
-       u64 discard_start = round_up(offset, block_bytes(c)) >> 9;
-       u64 discard_end = round_down(offset + len, block_bytes(c)) >> 9;
-       int ret = 0;
 
-       inode_lock(&inode->v);
-       inode_dio_wait(&inode->v);
-       bch2_pagecache_block_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
+       bi->bi_mtime = bi->bi_ctime = bch2_current_time(c);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static long bchfs_fpunch(struct bch_inode_info *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
+       u64 end         = offset + len;
+       u64 block_start = round_up(offset, block_bytes(c));
+       u64 block_end   = round_down(end, block_bytes(c));
+       bool truncated_last_page;
+       int ret = 0;
 
-       ret = __bch2_truncate_page(inode,
-                                  offset >> PAGE_SHIFT,
-                                  offset, offset + len);
-       if (unlikely(ret))
+       ret = bch2_truncate_folios(inode, offset, end);
+       if (unlikely(ret < 0))
                goto err;
 
-       if (offset >> PAGE_SHIFT !=
-           (offset + len) >> PAGE_SHIFT) {
-               ret = __bch2_truncate_page(inode,
-                                          (offset + len) >> PAGE_SHIFT,
-                                          offset, offset + len);
-               if (unlikely(ret))
-                       goto err;
-       }
+       truncated_last_page = ret;
 
-       truncate_pagecache_range(&inode->v, offset, offset + len - 1);
+       truncate_pagecache_range(&inode->v, offset, end - 1);
 
-       if (discard_start < discard_end) {
+       if (block_start < block_end) {
                s64 i_sectors_delta = 0;
 
-               ret = bch2_fpunch(c, inode->v.i_ino,
-                                 discard_start, discard_end,
-                                 &inode->ei_journal_seq,
+               ret = bch2_fpunch(c, inode_inum(inode),
+                                 block_start >> 9, block_end >> 9,
                                  &i_sectors_delta);
                i_sectors_acct(c, inode, NULL, i_sectors_delta);
        }
-err:
-       bch2_pagecache_block_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
-       inode_unlock(&inode->v);
 
+       mutex_lock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
+       if (end >= inode->v.i_size && !truncated_last_page) {
+               ret = bch2_write_inode_size(c, inode, inode->v.i_size,
+                                           ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME);
+       } else {
+               ret = bch2_write_inode(c, inode, inode_update_times_fn, NULL,
+                                      ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME);
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
+err:
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2409,44 +3117,28 @@ static long bchfs_fcollapse_finsert(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
        struct address_space *mapping = inode->v.i_mapping;
-       struct bkey_on_stack copy;
+       struct bkey_buf copy;
        struct btree_trans trans;
-       struct btree_iter *src, *dst;
+       struct btree_iter src, dst, del;
        loff_t shift, new_size;
        u64 src_start;
-       int ret;
+       int ret = 0;
 
        if ((offset | len) & (block_bytes(c) - 1))
                return -EINVAL;
 
-       bkey_on_stack_init(&copy);
-       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, BTREE_ITER_MAX, 256);
-
-       /*
-        * We need i_mutex to keep the page cache consistent with the extents
-        * btree, and the btree consistent with i_size - we don't need outside
-        * locking for the extents btree itself, because we're using linked
-        * iterators
-        */
-       inode_lock(&inode->v);
-       inode_dio_wait(&inode->v);
-       bch2_pagecache_block_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
-
        if (insert) {
-               ret = -EFBIG;
                if (inode->v.i_sb->s_maxbytes - inode->v.i_size < len)
-                       goto err;
+                       return -EFBIG;
 
-               ret = -EINVAL;
                if (offset >= inode->v.i_size)
-                       goto err;
+                       return -EINVAL;
 
                src_start       = U64_MAX;
                shift           = len;
        } else {
-               ret = -EINVAL;
                if (offset + len >= inode->v.i_size)
-                       goto err;
+                       return -EINVAL;
 
                src_start       = offset + len;
                shift           = -len;
@@ -2456,7 +3148,7 @@ static long bchfs_fcollapse_finsert(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
 
        ret = write_invalidate_inode_pages_range(mapping, offset, LLONG_MAX);
        if (ret)
-               goto err;
+               return ret;
 
        if (insert) {
                i_size_write(&inode->v, new_size);
@@ -2467,25 +3159,25 @@ static long bchfs_fcollapse_finsert(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
        } else {
                s64 i_sectors_delta = 0;
 
-               ret = bch2_fpunch(c, inode->v.i_ino,
+               ret = bch2_fpunch(c, inode_inum(inode),
                                  offset >> 9, (offset + len) >> 9,
-                                 &inode->ei_journal_seq,
                                  &i_sectors_delta);
                i_sectors_acct(c, inode, NULL, i_sectors_delta);
 
                if (ret)
-                       goto err;
+                       return ret;
        }
 
-       src = bch2_trans_get_iter(&trans, BTREE_ID_EXTENTS,
+       bch2_bkey_buf_init(&copy);
+       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, BTREE_ITER_MAX, 1024);
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(&trans, &src, BTREE_ID_extents,
                        POS(inode->v.i_ino, src_start >> 9),
                        BTREE_ITER_INTENT);
-       BUG_ON(IS_ERR_OR_NULL(src));
+       bch2_trans_copy_iter(&dst, &src);
+       bch2_trans_copy_iter(&del, &src);
 
-       dst = bch2_trans_copy_iter(&trans, src);
-       BUG_ON(IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dst));
-
-       while (1) {
+       while (ret == 0 ||
+              bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart)) {
                struct disk_reservation disk_res =
                        bch2_disk_reservation_init(c, 0);
                struct bkey_i delete;
@@ -2494,38 +3186,48 @@ static long bchfs_fcollapse_finsert(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
                struct bpos move_pos = POS(inode->v.i_ino, offset >> 9);
                struct bpos atomic_end;
                unsigned trigger_flags = 0;
+               u32 snapshot;
+
+               bch2_trans_begin(&trans);
+
+               ret = bch2_subvolume_get_snapshot(&trans,
+                                       inode->ei_subvol, &snapshot);
+               if (ret)
+                       continue;
+
+               bch2_btree_iter_set_snapshot(&src, snapshot);
+               bch2_btree_iter_set_snapshot(&dst, snapshot);
+               bch2_btree_iter_set_snapshot(&del, snapshot);
+
+               bch2_trans_begin(&trans);
 
                k = insert
-                       ? bch2_btree_iter_peek_prev(src)
-                       : bch2_btree_iter_peek(src);
+                       ? bch2_btree_iter_peek_prev(&src)
+                       : bch2_btree_iter_peek_upto(&src, POS(inode->v.i_ino, U64_MAX));
                if ((ret = bkey_err(k)))
-                       goto bkey_err;
+                       continue;
 
                if (!k.k || k.k->p.inode != inode->v.i_ino)
                        break;
 
-               BUG_ON(bkey_cmp(src->pos, bkey_start_pos(k.k)));
-
                if (insert &&
-                   bkey_cmp(k.k->p, POS(inode->v.i_ino, offset >> 9)) <= 0)
+                   bkey_le(k.k->p, POS(inode->v.i_ino, offset >> 9)))
                        break;
 reassemble:
-               bkey_on_stack_reassemble(&copy, c, k);
+               bch2_bkey_buf_reassemble(&copy, c, k);
 
                if (insert &&
-                   bkey_cmp(bkey_start_pos(k.k), move_pos) < 0) {
+                   bkey_lt(bkey_start_pos(k.k), move_pos))
                        bch2_cut_front(move_pos, copy.k);
-                       bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(src, bkey_start_pos(&copy.k->k));
-               }
 
                copy.k->k.p.offset += shift >> 9;
-               bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(dst, bkey_start_pos(&copy.k->k));
+               bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(&dst, bkey_start_pos(&copy.k->k));
 
-               ret = bch2_extent_atomic_end(dst, copy.k, &atomic_end);
+               ret = bch2_extent_atomic_end(&trans, &dst, copy.k, &atomic_end);
                if (ret)
-                       goto bkey_err;
+                       continue;
 
-               if (bkey_cmp(atomic_end, copy.k->k.p)) {
+               if (!bkey_eq(atomic_end, copy.k->k.p)) {
                        if (insert) {
                                move_pos = atomic_end;
                                move_pos.offset -= shift >> 9;
@@ -2536,18 +3238,14 @@ reassemble:
                }
 
                bkey_init(&delete.k);
-               delete.k.p = src->pos;
-               bch2_key_resize(&delete.k, copy.k->k.size);
+               delete.k.p = copy.k->k.p;
+               delete.k.size = copy.k->k.size;
+               delete.k.p.offset -= shift >> 9;
+               bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(&del, bkey_start_pos(&delete.k));
 
                next_pos = insert ? bkey_start_pos(&delete.k) : delete.k.p;
 
-               if (copy.k->k.size == k.k->size) {
-                       /*
-                        * If we're moving the entire extent, we can skip
-                        * running triggers:
-                        */
-                       trigger_flags |= BTREE_TRIGGER_NORUN;
-               } else {
+               if (copy.k->k.size != k.k->size) {
                        /* We might end up splitting compressed extents: */
                        unsigned nr_ptrs =
                                bch2_bkey_nr_ptrs_allocated(bkey_i_to_s_c(copy.k));
@@ -2558,125 +3256,95 @@ reassemble:
                        BUG_ON(ret);
                }
 
-               ret =   bch2_trans_update(&trans, src, &delete, trigger_flags) ?:
-                       bch2_trans_update(&trans, dst, copy.k, trigger_flags) ?:
-                       bch2_trans_commit(&trans, &disk_res,
-                                         &inode->ei_journal_seq,
+               ret =   bch2_btree_iter_traverse(&del) ?:
+                       bch2_trans_update(&trans, &del, &delete, trigger_flags) ?:
+                       bch2_trans_update(&trans, &dst, copy.k, trigger_flags) ?:
+                       bch2_trans_commit(&trans, &disk_res, NULL,
                                          BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL);
                bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &disk_res);
-bkey_err:
-               if (!ret)
-                       bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(src, next_pos);
-
-               if (ret == -EINTR)
-                       ret = 0;
-               if (ret)
-                       goto err;
 
-               bch2_trans_cond_resched(&trans);
+               if (!ret)
+                       bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(&src, next_pos);
        }
-       bch2_trans_unlock(&trans);
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &del);
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &dst);
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &src);
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
+       bch2_bkey_buf_exit(&copy, c);
+
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
+       mutex_lock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
        if (!insert) {
                i_size_write(&inode->v, new_size);
-               mutex_lock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
                ret = bch2_write_inode_size(c, inode, new_size,
                                            ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME);
-               mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
+       } else {
+               /* We need an inode update to update bi_journal_seq for fsync: */
+               ret = bch2_write_inode(c, inode, inode_update_times_fn, NULL,
+                                      ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME);
        }
-err:
-       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
-       bkey_on_stack_exit(&copy, c);
-       bch2_pagecache_block_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
-       inode_unlock(&inode->v);
+       mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
        return ret;
 }
 
-static long bchfs_fallocate(struct bch_inode_info *inode, int mode,
-                           loff_t offset, loff_t len)
+static int __bchfs_fallocate(struct bch_inode_info *inode, int mode,
+                            u64 start_sector, u64 end_sector)
 {
-       struct address_space *mapping = inode->v.i_mapping;
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
        struct btree_trans trans;
-       struct btree_iter *iter;
-       struct bpos end_pos;
-       loff_t end              = offset + len;
-       loff_t block_start      = round_down(offset,    block_bytes(c));
-       loff_t block_end        = round_up(end,         block_bytes(c));
-       unsigned sectors;
-       unsigned replicas = io_opts(c, &inode->ei_inode).data_replicas;
-       int ret;
-
-       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, BTREE_ITER_MAX, 0);
-
-       inode_lock(&inode->v);
-       inode_dio_wait(&inode->v);
-       bch2_pagecache_block_get(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
-
-       if (!(mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE) && end > inode->v.i_size) {
-               ret = inode_newsize_ok(&inode->v, end);
-               if (ret)
-                       goto err;
-       }
-
-       if (mode & FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE) {
-               ret = __bch2_truncate_page(inode,
-                                          offset >> PAGE_SHIFT,
-                                          offset, end);
-
-               if (!ret &&
-                   offset >> PAGE_SHIFT != end >> PAGE_SHIFT)
-                       ret = __bch2_truncate_page(inode,
-                                                  end >> PAGE_SHIFT,
-                                                  offset, end);
-
-               if (unlikely(ret))
-                       goto err;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bpos end_pos = POS(inode->v.i_ino, end_sector);
+       struct bch_io_opts opts;
+       int ret = 0;
 
-               truncate_pagecache_range(&inode->v, offset, end - 1);
-       }
+       bch2_inode_opts_get(&opts, c, &inode->ei_inode);
+       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, BTREE_ITER_MAX, 512);
 
-       iter = bch2_trans_get_iter(&trans, BTREE_ID_EXTENTS,
-                       POS(inode->v.i_ino, block_start >> 9),
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(&trans, &iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
+                       POS(inode->v.i_ino, start_sector),
                        BTREE_ITER_SLOTS|BTREE_ITER_INTENT);
-       end_pos = POS(inode->v.i_ino, block_end >> 9);
 
-       while (bkey_cmp(iter->pos, end_pos) < 0) {
+       while (!ret && bkey_lt(iter.pos, end_pos)) {
                s64 i_sectors_delta = 0;
-               struct disk_reservation disk_res = { 0 };
                struct quota_res quota_res = { 0 };
-               struct bkey_i_reservation reservation;
                struct bkey_s_c k;
+               unsigned sectors;
+               u32 snapshot;
 
                bch2_trans_begin(&trans);
 
-               k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(iter);
+               ret = bch2_subvolume_get_snapshot(&trans,
+                                       inode->ei_subvol, &snapshot);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto bkey_err;
+
+               bch2_btree_iter_set_snapshot(&iter, snapshot);
+
+               k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&iter);
                if ((ret = bkey_err(k)))
                        goto bkey_err;
 
                /* already reserved */
-               if (k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_reservation &&
-                   bkey_s_c_to_reservation(k).v->nr_replicas >= replicas) {
-                       bch2_btree_iter_next_slot(iter);
+               if (bkey_extent_is_reservation(k) &&
+                   bch2_bkey_nr_ptrs_fully_allocated(k) >= opts.data_replicas) {
+                       bch2_btree_iter_advance(&iter);
                        continue;
                }
 
                if (bkey_extent_is_data(k.k) &&
                    !(mode & FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE)) {
-                       bch2_btree_iter_next_slot(iter);
+                       bch2_btree_iter_advance(&iter);
                        continue;
                }
 
-               bkey_reservation_init(&reservation.k_i);
-               reservation.k.type      = KEY_TYPE_reservation;
-               reservation.k.p         = k.k->p;
-               reservation.k.size      = k.k->size;
-
-               bch2_cut_front(iter->pos,       &reservation.k_i);
-               bch2_cut_back(end_pos,          &reservation.k_i);
+               /*
+                * XXX: for nocow mode, we should promote shared extents to
+                * unshared here
+                */
 
-               sectors = reservation.k.size;
-               reservation.v.nr_replicas = bch2_bkey_nr_ptrs_allocated(k);
+               sectors = bpos_min(k.k->p, end_pos).offset - iter.pos.offset;
 
                if (!bkey_extent_is_allocation(k.k)) {
                        ret = bch2_quota_reservation_add(c, inode,
@@ -2686,77 +3354,92 @@ static long bchfs_fallocate(struct bch_inode_info *inode, int mode,
                                goto bkey_err;
                }
 
-               if (reservation.v.nr_replicas < replicas ||
-                   bch2_bkey_sectors_compressed(k)) {
-                       ret = bch2_disk_reservation_get(c, &disk_res, sectors,
-                                                       replicas, 0);
-                       if (unlikely(ret))
-                               goto bkey_err;
-
-                       reservation.v.nr_replicas = disk_res.nr_replicas;
-               }
+               ret = bch2_extent_fallocate(&trans, inode_inum(inode), &iter,
+                                           sectors, opts, &i_sectors_delta,
+                                           writepoint_hashed((unsigned long) current));
+               if (ret)
+                       goto bkey_err;
 
-               ret = bch2_extent_update(&trans, iter, &reservation.k_i,
-                               &disk_res, &inode->ei_journal_seq,
-                               0, &i_sectors_delta);
                i_sectors_acct(c, inode, &quota_res, i_sectors_delta);
 bkey_err:
                bch2_quota_reservation_put(c, inode, &quota_res);
-               bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &disk_res);
-               if (ret == -EINTR)
+               if (bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
                        ret = 0;
-               if (ret)
-                       goto err;
        }
 
-       /*
-        * Do we need to extend the file?
-        *
-        * If we zeroed up to the end of the file, we dropped whatever writes
-        * were going to write out the current i_size, so we have to extend
-        * manually even if FL_KEEP_SIZE was set:
-        */
-       if (end >= inode->v.i_size &&
-           (!(mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE) ||
-            (mode & FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE))) {
-               struct btree_iter *inode_iter;
-               struct bch_inode_unpacked inode_u;
+       bch2_trans_unlock(&trans); /* lock ordering, before taking pagecache locks: */
+       mark_pagecache_reserved(inode, start_sector, iter.pos.offset);
 
-               do {
-                       bch2_trans_begin(&trans);
-                       inode_iter = bch2_inode_peek(&trans, &inode_u,
-                                                    inode->v.i_ino, 0);
-                       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(inode_iter);
-               } while (ret == -EINTR);
+       if (bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOSPC) && (mode & FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE)) {
+               struct quota_res quota_res = { 0 };
+               s64 i_sectors_delta = 0;
 
-               bch2_trans_unlock(&trans);
+               bch2_fpunch_at(&trans, &iter, inode_inum(inode),
+                              end_sector, &i_sectors_delta);
+               i_sectors_acct(c, inode, &quota_res, i_sectors_delta);
+               bch2_quota_reservation_put(c, inode, &quota_res);
+       }
 
-               if (ret)
-                       goto err;
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
+       return ret;
+}
 
-               /*
-                * Sync existing appends before extending i_size,
-                * as in bch2_extend():
-                */
-               ret = filemap_write_and_wait_range(mapping,
-                                       inode_u.bi_size, S64_MAX);
+static long bchfs_fallocate(struct bch_inode_info *inode, int mode,
+                           loff_t offset, loff_t len)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
+       u64 end         = offset + len;
+       u64 block_start = round_down(offset,    block_bytes(c));
+       u64 block_end   = round_up(end,         block_bytes(c));
+       bool truncated_last_page = false;
+       int ret, ret2 = 0;
+
+       if (!(mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE) && end > inode->v.i_size) {
+               ret = inode_newsize_ok(&inode->v, end);
                if (ret)
-                       goto err;
+                       return ret;
+       }
+
+       if (mode & FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE) {
+               ret = bch2_truncate_folios(inode, offset, end);
+               if (unlikely(ret < 0))
+                       return ret;
+
+               truncated_last_page = ret;
+
+               truncate_pagecache_range(&inode->v, offset, end - 1);
+
+               block_start     = round_up(offset,      block_bytes(c));
+               block_end       = round_down(end,       block_bytes(c));
+       }
+
+       ret = __bchfs_fallocate(inode, mode, block_start >> 9, block_end >> 9);
 
-               if (mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE)
-                       end = inode->v.i_size;
-               else
-                       i_size_write(&inode->v, end);
+       /*
+        * On -ENOSPC in ZERO_RANGE mode, we still want to do the inode update,
+        * so that the VFS cache i_size is consistent with the btree i_size:
+        */
+       if (ret &&
+           !(bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOSPC) && (mode & FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE)))
+               return ret;
+
+       if (mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE && end > inode->v.i_size)
+               end = inode->v.i_size;
+
+       if (end >= inode->v.i_size &&
+           (((mode & FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE) && !truncated_last_page) ||
+            !(mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE))) {
+               spin_lock(&inode->v.i_lock);
+               i_size_write(&inode->v, end);
+               spin_unlock(&inode->v.i_lock);
 
                mutex_lock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
-               ret = bch2_write_inode_size(c, inode, end, 0);
+               ret2 = bch2_write_inode_size(c, inode, end, 0);
                mutex_unlock(&inode->ei_update_lock);
        }
-err:
-       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
-       bch2_pagecache_block_put(&inode->ei_pagecache_lock);
-       inode_unlock(&inode->v);
-       return ret;
+
+       return ret ?: ret2;
 }
 
 long bch2_fallocate_dispatch(struct file *file, int mode,
@@ -2766,9 +3449,17 @@ long bch2_fallocate_dispatch(struct file *file, int mode,
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
        long ret;
 
-       if (!percpu_ref_tryget(&c->writes))
+       if (!bch2_write_ref_tryget(c, BCH_WRITE_REF_fallocate))
                return -EROFS;
 
+       inode_lock(&inode->v);
+       inode_dio_wait(&inode->v);
+       bch2_pagecache_block_get(inode);
+
+       ret = file_modified(file);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+
        if (!(mode & ~(FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE|FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE)))
                ret = bchfs_fallocate(inode, mode, offset, len);
        else if (mode == (FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE|FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE))
@@ -2779,47 +3470,65 @@ long bch2_fallocate_dispatch(struct file *file, int mode,
                ret = bchfs_fcollapse_finsert(inode, offset, len, false);
        else
                ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+err:
+       bch2_pagecache_block_put(inode);
+       inode_unlock(&inode->v);
+       bch2_write_ref_put(c, BCH_WRITE_REF_fallocate);
 
-       percpu_ref_put(&c->writes);
-
-       return ret;
+       return bch2_err_class(ret);
 }
 
-static void mark_range_unallocated(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
-                                  loff_t start, loff_t end)
+/*
+ * Take a quota reservation for unallocated blocks in a given file range
+ * Does not check pagecache
+ */
+static int quota_reserve_range(struct bch_inode_info *inode,
+                              struct quota_res *res,
+                              u64 start, u64 end)
 {
-       pgoff_t index = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-       pgoff_t end_index = (end - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-       struct pagevec pvec;
-
-       pagevec_init(&pvec);
+       struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
+       struct btree_trans trans;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_s_c k;
+       u32 snapshot;
+       u64 sectors = end - start;
+       u64 pos = start;
+       int ret;
 
-       do {
-               unsigned nr_pages, i, j;
+       bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
+retry:
+       bch2_trans_begin(&trans);
 
-               nr_pages = pagevec_lookup_range(&pvec, inode->v.i_mapping,
-                                               &index, end_index);
-               if (nr_pages == 0)
-                       break;
+       ret = bch2_subvolume_get_snapshot(&trans, inode->ei_subvol, &snapshot);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
 
-               for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
-                       struct page *page = pvec.pages[i];
-                       struct bch_page_state *s;
+       bch2_trans_iter_init(&trans, &iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
+                            SPOS(inode->v.i_ino, pos, snapshot), 0);
+
+       while (!(ret = btree_trans_too_many_iters(&trans)) &&
+              (k = bch2_btree_iter_peek_upto(&iter, POS(inode->v.i_ino, end - 1))).k &&
+              !(ret = bkey_err(k))) {
+               if (bkey_extent_is_allocation(k.k)) {
+                       u64 s = min(end, k.k->p.offset) -
+                               max(start, bkey_start_offset(k.k));
+                       BUG_ON(s > sectors);
+                       sectors -= s;
+               }
+               bch2_btree_iter_advance(&iter);
+       }
+       pos = iter.pos.offset;
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
+err:
+       if (bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
+               goto retry;
 
-                       lock_page(page);
-                       s = bch2_page_state(page);
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
 
-                       if (s) {
-                               spin_lock(&s->lock);
-                               for (j = 0; j < PAGE_SECTORS; j++)
-                                       s->s[j].nr_replicas = 0;
-                               spin_unlock(&s->lock);
-                       }
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
-                       unlock_page(page);
-               }
-               pagevec_release(&pvec);
-       } while (index <= end_index);
+       return bch2_quota_reservation_add(c, inode, res, sectors, true);
 }
 
 loff_t bch2_remap_file_range(struct file *file_src, loff_t pos_src,
@@ -2829,6 +3538,7 @@ loff_t bch2_remap_file_range(struct file *file_src, loff_t pos_src,
        struct bch_inode_info *src = file_bch_inode(file_src);
        struct bch_inode_info *dst = file_bch_inode(file_dst);
        struct bch_fs *c = src->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
+       struct quota_res quota_res = { 0 };
        s64 i_sectors_delta = 0;
        u64 aligned_len;
        loff_t ret = 0;
@@ -2849,8 +3559,6 @@ loff_t bch2_remap_file_range(struct file *file_src, loff_t pos_src,
 
        bch2_lock_inodes(INODE_LOCK|INODE_PAGECACHE_BLOCK, src, dst);
 
-       file_update_time(file_dst);
-
        inode_dio_wait(&src->v);
        inode_dio_wait(&dst->v);
 
@@ -2867,13 +3575,20 @@ loff_t bch2_remap_file_range(struct file *file_src, loff_t pos_src,
        if (ret)
                goto err;
 
-       mark_range_unallocated(src, pos_src, pos_src + aligned_len);
+       ret = quota_reserve_range(dst, &quota_res, pos_dst >> 9,
+                                 (pos_dst + aligned_len) >> 9);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+
+       file_update_time(file_dst);
+
+       mark_pagecache_unallocated(src, pos_src >> 9,
+                                  (pos_src + aligned_len) >> 9);
 
        ret = bch2_remap_range(c,
-                              POS(dst->v.i_ino, pos_dst >> 9),
-                              POS(src->v.i_ino, pos_src >> 9),
+                              inode_inum(dst), pos_dst >> 9,
+                              inode_inum(src), pos_src >> 9,
                               aligned_len >> 9,
-                              &dst->ei_journal_seq,
                               pos_dst + len, &i_sectors_delta);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto err;
@@ -2883,30 +3598,34 @@ loff_t bch2_remap_file_range(struct file *file_src, loff_t pos_src,
         */
        ret = min((u64) ret << 9, (u64) len);
 
-       /* XXX get a quota reservation */
-       i_sectors_acct(c, dst, NULL, i_sectors_delta);
+       i_sectors_acct(c, dst, &quota_res, i_sectors_delta);
 
        spin_lock(&dst->v.i_lock);
        if (pos_dst + ret > dst->v.i_size)
                i_size_write(&dst->v, pos_dst + ret);
        spin_unlock(&dst->v.i_lock);
+
+       if ((file_dst->f_flags & (__O_SYNC | O_DSYNC)) ||
+           IS_SYNC(file_inode(file_dst)))
+               ret = bch2_flush_inode(c, dst);
 err:
+       bch2_quota_reservation_put(c, dst, &quota_res);
        bch2_unlock_inodes(INODE_LOCK|INODE_PAGECACHE_BLOCK, src, dst);
 
-       return ret;
+       return bch2_err_class(ret);
 }
 
 /* fseek: */
 
-static int page_data_offset(struct page *page, unsigned offset)
+static int folio_data_offset(struct folio *folio, loff_t pos)
 {
-       struct bch_page_state *s = bch2_page_state(page);
-       unsigned i;
+       struct bch_folio *s = bch2_folio(folio);
+       unsigned i, sectors = folio_sectors(folio);
 
        if (s)
-               for (i = offset >> 9; i < PAGE_SECTORS; i++)
-                       if (s->s[i].state >= SECTOR_DIRTY)
-                               return i << 9;
+               for (i = folio_pos_to_s(folio, pos); i < sectors; i++)
+                       if (s->s[i].state >= SECTOR_dirty)
+                               return i << SECTOR_SHIFT;
 
        return -1;
 }
@@ -2915,36 +3634,35 @@ static loff_t bch2_seek_pagecache_data(struct inode *vinode,
                                       loff_t start_offset,
                                       loff_t end_offset)
 {
-       struct address_space *mapping = vinode->i_mapping;
-       struct page *page;
+       struct folio_batch fbatch;
        pgoff_t start_index     = start_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        pgoff_t end_index       = end_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        pgoff_t index           = start_index;
+       unsigned i;
        loff_t ret;
        int offset;
 
-       while (index <= end_index) {
-               if (find_get_pages_range(mapping, &index, end_index, 1, &page)) {
-                       lock_page(page);
+       folio_batch_init(&fbatch);
 
-                       offset = page_data_offset(page,
-                                       page->index == start_index
-                                       ? start_offset & (PAGE_SIZE - 1)
-                                       : 0);
+       while (filemap_get_folios(vinode->i_mapping,
+                                 &index, end_index, &fbatch)) {
+               for (i = 0; i < folio_batch_count(&fbatch); i++) {
+                       struct folio *folio = fbatch.folios[i];
+
+                       folio_lock(folio);
+                       offset = folio_data_offset(folio,
+                                       max(folio_pos(folio), start_offset));
                        if (offset >= 0) {
-                               ret = clamp(((loff_t) page->index << PAGE_SHIFT) +
-                                           offset,
+                               ret = clamp(folio_pos(folio) + offset,
                                            start_offset, end_offset);
-                               unlock_page(page);
-                               put_page(page);
+                               folio_unlock(folio);
+                               folio_batch_release(&fbatch);
                                return ret;
                        }
-
-                       unlock_page(page);
-                       put_page(page);
-               } else {
-                       break;
+                       folio_unlock(folio);
                }
+               folio_batch_release(&fbatch);
+               cond_resched();
        }
 
        return end_offset;
@@ -2955,9 +3673,11 @@ static loff_t bch2_seek_data(struct file *file, u64 offset)
        struct bch_inode_info *inode = file_bch_inode(file);
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
        struct btree_trans trans;
-       struct btree_iter *iter;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
        struct bkey_s_c k;
+       subvol_inum inum = inode_inum(inode);
        u64 isize, next_data = MAX_LFS_FILESIZE;
+       u32 snapshot;
        int ret;
 
        isize = i_size_read(&inode->v);
@@ -2965,19 +3685,29 @@ static loff_t bch2_seek_data(struct file *file, u64 offset)
                return -ENXIO;
 
        bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
+retry:
+       bch2_trans_begin(&trans);
 
-       for_each_btree_key(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_EXTENTS,
-                          POS(inode->v.i_ino, offset >> 9), 0, k, ret) {
-               if (k.k->p.inode != inode->v.i_ino) {
-                       break;
-               } else if (bkey_extent_is_data(k.k)) {
+       ret = bch2_subvolume_get_snapshot(&trans, inum.subvol, &snapshot);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+
+       for_each_btree_key_upto_norestart(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
+                          SPOS(inode->v.i_ino, offset >> 9, snapshot),
+                          POS(inode->v.i_ino, U64_MAX),
+                          0, k, ret) {
+               if (bkey_extent_is_data(k.k)) {
                        next_data = max(offset, bkey_start_offset(k.k) << 9);
                        break;
                } else if (k.k->p.offset >> 9 > isize)
                        break;
        }
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
+err:
+       if (bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
+               goto retry;
 
-       ret = bch2_trans_exit(&trans) ?: ret;
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
@@ -2991,38 +3721,33 @@ static loff_t bch2_seek_data(struct file *file, u64 offset)
        return vfs_setpos(file, next_data, MAX_LFS_FILESIZE);
 }
 
-static int __page_hole_offset(struct page *page, unsigned offset)
-{
-       struct bch_page_state *s = bch2_page_state(page);
-       unsigned i;
-
-       if (!s)
-               return 0;
-
-       for (i = offset >> 9; i < PAGE_SECTORS; i++)
-               if (s->s[i].state < SECTOR_DIRTY)
-                       return i << 9;
-
-       return -1;
-}
-
-static loff_t page_hole_offset(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t offset)
+static bool folio_hole_offset(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t *offset)
 {
-       pgoff_t index = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-       struct page *page;
-       int pg_offset;
-       loff_t ret = -1;
+       struct folio *folio;
+       struct bch_folio *s;
+       unsigned i, sectors;
+       bool ret = true;
 
-       page = find_lock_entry(mapping, index);
-       if (!page || xa_is_value(page))
-               return offset;
+       folio = filemap_lock_folio(mapping, *offset >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+       if (!folio)
+               return true;
 
-       pg_offset = __page_hole_offset(page, offset & (PAGE_SIZE - 1));
-       if (pg_offset >= 0)
-               ret = ((loff_t) index << PAGE_SHIFT) + pg_offset;
+       s = bch2_folio(folio);
+       if (!s)
+               goto unlock;
 
-       unlock_page(page);
+       sectors = folio_sectors(folio);
+       for (i = folio_pos_to_s(folio, *offset); i < sectors; i++)
+               if (s->s[i].state < SECTOR_dirty) {
+                       *offset = max(*offset,
+                                     folio_pos(folio) + (i << SECTOR_SHIFT));
+                       goto unlock;
+               }
 
+       *offset = folio_end_pos(folio);
+       ret = false;
+unlock:
+       folio_unlock(folio);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -3031,18 +3756,13 @@ static loff_t bch2_seek_pagecache_hole(struct inode *vinode,
                                       loff_t end_offset)
 {
        struct address_space *mapping = vinode->i_mapping;
-       loff_t offset = start_offset, hole;
-
-       while (offset < end_offset) {
-               hole = page_hole_offset(mapping, offset);
-               if (hole >= 0 && hole <= end_offset)
-                       return max(start_offset, hole);
+       loff_t offset = start_offset;
 
-               offset += PAGE_SIZE;
-               offset &= PAGE_MASK;
-       }
+       while (offset < end_offset &&
+              !folio_hole_offset(mapping, &offset))
+               ;
 
-       return end_offset;
+       return min(offset, end_offset);
 }
 
 static loff_t bch2_seek_hole(struct file *file, u64 offset)
@@ -3050,9 +3770,11 @@ static loff_t bch2_seek_hole(struct file *file, u64 offset)
        struct bch_inode_info *inode = file_bch_inode(file);
        struct bch_fs *c = inode->v.i_sb->s_fs_info;
        struct btree_trans trans;
-       struct btree_iter *iter;
+       struct btree_iter iter;
        struct bkey_s_c k;
+       subvol_inum inum = inode_inum(inode);
        u64 isize, next_hole = MAX_LFS_FILESIZE;
+       u32 snapshot;
        int ret;
 
        isize = i_size_read(&inode->v);
@@ -3060,9 +3782,15 @@ static loff_t bch2_seek_hole(struct file *file, u64 offset)
                return -ENXIO;
 
        bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
+retry:
+       bch2_trans_begin(&trans);
+
+       ret = bch2_subvolume_get_snapshot(&trans, inum.subvol, &snapshot);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
 
-       for_each_btree_key(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_EXTENTS,
-                          POS(inode->v.i_ino, offset >> 9),
+       for_each_btree_key_norestart(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
+                          SPOS(inode->v.i_ino, offset >> 9, snapshot),
                           BTREE_ITER_SLOTS, k, ret) {
                if (k.k->p.inode != inode->v.i_ino) {
                        next_hole = bch2_seek_pagecache_hole(&inode->v,
@@ -3079,8 +3807,12 @@ static loff_t bch2_seek_hole(struct file *file, u64 offset)
                        offset = max(offset, bkey_start_offset(k.k) << 9);
                }
        }
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
+err:
+       if (bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
+               goto retry;
 
-       ret = bch2_trans_exit(&trans) ?: ret;
+       bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
@@ -3092,22 +3824,31 @@ static loff_t bch2_seek_hole(struct file *file, u64 offset)
 
 loff_t bch2_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
 {
+       loff_t ret;
+
        switch (whence) {
        case SEEK_SET:
        case SEEK_CUR:
        case SEEK_END:
-               return generic_file_llseek(file, offset, whence);
+               ret = generic_file_llseek(file, offset, whence);
+               break;
        case SEEK_DATA:
-               return bch2_seek_data(file, offset);
+               ret = bch2_seek_data(file, offset);
+               break;
        case SEEK_HOLE:
-               return bch2_seek_hole(file, offset);
+               ret = bch2_seek_hole(file, offset);
+               break;
+       default:
+               ret = -EINVAL;
+               break;
        }
 
-       return -EINVAL;
+       return bch2_err_class(ret);
 }
 
 void bch2_fs_fsio_exit(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
+       bioset_exit(&c->nocow_flush_bioset);
        bioset_exit(&c->dio_write_bioset);
        bioset_exit(&c->dio_read_bioset);
        bioset_exit(&c->writepage_bioset);
@@ -3121,14 +3862,22 @@ int bch2_fs_fsio_init(struct bch_fs *c)
 
        if (bioset_init(&c->writepage_bioset,
                        4, offsetof(struct bch_writepage_io, op.wbio.bio),
-                       BIOSET_NEED_BVECS) ||
-           bioset_init(&c->dio_read_bioset,
+                       BIOSET_NEED_BVECS))
+               return -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_writepage_bioset_init;
+
+       if (bioset_init(&c->dio_read_bioset,
                        4, offsetof(struct dio_read, rbio.bio),
-                       BIOSET_NEED_BVECS) ||
-           bioset_init(&c->dio_write_bioset,
+                       BIOSET_NEED_BVECS))
+               return -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_dio_read_bioset_init;
+
+       if (bioset_init(&c->dio_write_bioset,
                        4, offsetof(struct dio_write, op.wbio.bio),
                        BIOSET_NEED_BVECS))
-               ret = -ENOMEM;
+               return -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_dio_write_bioset_init;
+
+       if (bioset_init(&c->nocow_flush_bioset,
+                       1, offsetof(struct nocow_flush, bio), 0))
+               return -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_nocow_flush_bioset_init;
 
        pr_verbose_init(c->opts, "ret %i", ret);
        return ret;