]> git.sesse.net Git - bcachefs-tools-debian/blobdiff - libbcachefs/fsck.c
Move c_src dirs back to toplevel
[bcachefs-tools-debian] / libbcachefs / fsck.c
index 206302b0f5ed8a6393b7a9f97fc6b1d0d89bb0d4..4f0ecd60567570b7364cef517225ea0e3dfa5575 100644 (file)
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include "bcachefs.h"
 #include "bkey_buf.h"
+#include "btree_cache.h"
 #include "btree_update.h"
 #include "buckets.h"
 #include "darray.h"
@@ -19,8 +20,6 @@
 #include <linux/bsearch.h>
 #include <linux/dcache.h> /* struct qstr */
 
-#define QSTR(n) { { { .len = strlen(n) } }, .name = n }
-
 /*
  * XXX: this is handling transaction restarts without returning
  * -BCH_ERR_transaction_restart_nested, this is not how we do things anymore:
 static s64 bch2_count_inode_sectors(struct btree_trans *trans, u64 inum,
                                    u32 snapshot)
 {
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
        u64 sectors = 0;
-       int ret;
 
-       for_each_btree_key_upto(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
+       int ret = for_each_btree_key_upto(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
                                SPOS(inum, 0, snapshot),
                                POS(inum, U64_MAX),
-                               0, k, ret)
+                               0, k, ({
                if (bkey_extent_is_allocation(k.k))
                        sectors += k.k->size;
-
-       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
+               0;
+       }));
 
        return ret ?: sectors;
 }
@@ -48,45 +44,23 @@ static s64 bch2_count_inode_sectors(struct btree_trans *trans, u64 inum,
 static s64 bch2_count_subdirs(struct btree_trans *trans, u64 inum,
                                    u32 snapshot)
 {
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
-       struct bkey_s_c_dirent d;
        u64 subdirs = 0;
-       int ret;
 
-       for_each_btree_key_upto(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_dirents,
-                               SPOS(inum, 0, snapshot),
-                               POS(inum, U64_MAX),
-                               0, k, ret) {
-               if (k.k->type != KEY_TYPE_dirent)
-                       continue;
-
-               d = bkey_s_c_to_dirent(k);
-               if (d.v->d_type == DT_DIR)
+       int ret = for_each_btree_key_upto(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_dirents,
+                                   SPOS(inum, 0, snapshot),
+                                   POS(inum, U64_MAX),
+                                   0, k, ({
+               if (k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_dirent &&
+                   bkey_s_c_to_dirent(k).v->d_type == DT_DIR)
                        subdirs++;
-       }
-       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
+               0;
+       }));
 
        return ret ?: subdirs;
 }
 
-static int __snapshot_lookup_subvol(struct btree_trans *trans, u32 snapshot,
-                                   u32 *subvol)
-{
-       struct bch_snapshot s;
-       int ret = bch2_bkey_get_val_typed(trans, BTREE_ID_snapshots,
-                                         POS(0, snapshot), 0,
-                                         snapshot, &s);
-       if (!ret)
-               *subvol = le32_to_cpu(s.subvol);
-       else if (bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT))
-               bch_err(trans->c, "snapshot %u not found", snapshot);
-       return ret;
-
-}
-
-static int __subvol_lookup(struct btree_trans *trans, u32 subvol,
-                          u32 *snapshot, u64 *inum)
+static int subvol_lookup(struct btree_trans *trans, u32 subvol,
+                        u32 *snapshot, u64 *inum)
 {
        struct bch_subvolume s;
        int ret;
@@ -98,12 +72,6 @@ static int __subvol_lookup(struct btree_trans *trans, u32 subvol,
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int subvol_lookup(struct btree_trans *trans, u32 subvol,
-                        u32 *snapshot, u64 *inum)
-{
-       return lockrestart_do(trans, __subvol_lookup(trans, subvol, snapshot, inum));
-}
-
 static int lookup_first_inode(struct btree_trans *trans, u64 inode_nr,
                              struct bch_inode_unpacked *inode)
 {
@@ -126,13 +94,12 @@ static int lookup_first_inode(struct btree_trans *trans, u64 inode_nr,
 
        ret = bch2_inode_unpack(k, inode);
 err:
-       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-               bch_err_msg(trans->c, ret, "fetching inode %llu", inode_nr);
+       bch_err_msg(trans->c, ret, "fetching inode %llu", inode_nr);
        bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int __lookup_inode(struct btree_trans *trans, u64 inode_nr,
+static int lookup_inode(struct btree_trans *trans, u64 inode_nr,
                          struct bch_inode_unpacked *inode,
                          u32 *snapshot)
 {
@@ -152,19 +119,11 @@ static int __lookup_inode(struct btree_trans *trans, u64 inode_nr,
        if (!ret)
                *snapshot = iter.pos.snapshot;
 err:
-       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-               bch_err_msg(trans->c, ret, "fetching inode %llu:%u", inode_nr, *snapshot);
+       bch_err_msg(trans->c, ret, "fetching inode %llu:%u", inode_nr, *snapshot);
        bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int lookup_inode(struct btree_trans *trans, u64 inode_nr,
-                       struct bch_inode_unpacked *inode,
-                       u32 *snapshot)
-{
-       return lockrestart_do(trans, __lookup_inode(trans, inode_nr, inode, snapshot));
-}
-
 static int __lookup_dirent(struct btree_trans *trans,
                           struct bch_hash_info hash_info,
                           subvol_inum dir, struct qstr *name,
@@ -208,12 +167,9 @@ static int fsck_write_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
                            struct bch_inode_unpacked *inode,
                            u32 snapshot)
 {
-       int ret = commit_do(trans, NULL, NULL,
-                                 BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL|
-                                 BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW,
-                                 __write_inode(trans, inode, snapshot));
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(trans->c, ret);
+       int ret = commit_do(trans, NULL, NULL, BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc,
+                           __write_inode(trans, inode, snapshot));
+       bch_err_fn(trans->c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -238,44 +194,50 @@ static int __remove_dirent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct bpos pos)
                                  BTREE_UPDATE_INTERNAL_SNAPSHOT_NODE);
        bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
 err:
-       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
 /* Get lost+found, create if it doesn't exist: */
-static int lookup_lostfound(struct btree_trans *trans, u32 subvol,
+static int lookup_lostfound(struct btree_trans *trans, u32 snapshot,
                            struct bch_inode_unpacked *lostfound)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct bch_inode_unpacked root;
-       struct bch_hash_info root_hash_info;
        struct qstr lostfound_str = QSTR("lost+found");
-       subvol_inum root_inum = { .subvol = subvol };
        u64 inum = 0;
        unsigned d_type = 0;
-       u32 snapshot;
        int ret;
 
-       ret = __subvol_lookup(trans, subvol, &snapshot, &root_inum.inum);
+       struct bch_snapshot_tree st;
+       ret = bch2_snapshot_tree_lookup(trans,
+                       bch2_snapshot_tree(c, snapshot), &st);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
-       ret = __lookup_inode(trans, root_inum.inum, &root, &snapshot);
+       subvol_inum root_inum = { .subvol = le32_to_cpu(st.master_subvol) };
+       u32 subvol_snapshot;
+
+       ret = subvol_lookup(trans, le32_to_cpu(st.master_subvol),
+                           &subvol_snapshot, &root_inum.inum);
+       bch_err_msg(c, ret, "looking up root subvol");
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+
+       struct bch_inode_unpacked root_inode;
+       struct bch_hash_info root_hash_info;
+       ret = lookup_inode(trans, root_inum.inum, &root_inode, &snapshot);
+       bch_err_msg(c, ret, "looking up root inode");
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
-       root_hash_info = bch2_hash_info_init(c, &root);
+       root_hash_info = bch2_hash_info_init(c, &root_inode);
 
        ret = __lookup_dirent(trans, root_hash_info, root_inum,
-                           &lostfound_str, &inum, &d_type);
-       if (bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT)) {
-               bch_notice(c, "creating lost+found");
+                             &lostfound_str, &inum, &d_type);
+       if (bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT))
                goto create_lostfound;
-       }
 
-       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
@@ -288,21 +250,50 @@ static int lookup_lostfound(struct btree_trans *trans, u32 subvol,
         * The bch2_check_dirents pass has already run, dangling dirents
         * shouldn't exist here:
         */
-       return __lookup_inode(trans, inum, lostfound, &snapshot);
+       return lookup_inode(trans, inum, lostfound, &snapshot);
 
 create_lostfound:
+       /*
+        * XXX: we could have a nicer log message here  if we had a nice way to
+        * walk backpointers to print a path
+        */
+       bch_notice(c, "creating lost+found in snapshot %u", le32_to_cpu(st.root_snapshot));
+
+       u64 now = bch2_current_time(c);
+       struct btree_iter lostfound_iter = { NULL };
+       u64 cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
+
        bch2_inode_init_early(c, lostfound);
+       bch2_inode_init_late(lostfound, now, 0, 0, S_IFDIR|0700, 0, &root_inode);
+       lostfound->bi_dir = root_inode.bi_inum;
 
-       ret = bch2_create_trans(trans, root_inum, &root,
-                               lostfound, &lostfound_str,
-                               0, 0, S_IFDIR|0700, 0, NULL, NULL,
-                               (subvol_inum) { }, 0);
-       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-               bch_err_msg(c, ret, "creating lost+found");
+       root_inode.bi_nlink++;
+
+       ret = bch2_inode_create(trans, &lostfound_iter, lostfound, snapshot, cpu);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+
+       bch2_btree_iter_set_snapshot(&lostfound_iter, snapshot);
+       ret = bch2_btree_iter_traverse(&lostfound_iter);
+       if (ret)
+               goto err;
+
+       ret =   bch2_dirent_create_snapshot(trans,
+                               root_inode.bi_inum, snapshot, &root_hash_info,
+                               mode_to_type(lostfound->bi_mode),
+                               &lostfound_str,
+                               lostfound->bi_inum,
+                               &lostfound->bi_dir_offset,
+                               BCH_HASH_SET_MUST_CREATE) ?:
+               bch2_inode_write_flags(trans, &lostfound_iter, lostfound,
+                                      BTREE_UPDATE_INTERNAL_SNAPSHOT_NODE);
+err:
+       bch_err_msg(c, ret, "creating lost+found");
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &lostfound_iter);
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int __reattach_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
+static int reattach_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
                          struct bch_inode_unpacked *inode,
                          u32 inode_snapshot)
 {
@@ -311,14 +302,9 @@ static int __reattach_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
        char name_buf[20];
        struct qstr name;
        u64 dir_offset = 0;
-       u32 subvol;
        int ret;
 
-       ret = __snapshot_lookup_subvol(trans, inode_snapshot, &subvol);
-       if (ret)
-               return ret;
-
-       ret = lookup_lostfound(trans, subvol, &lostfound);
+       ret = lookup_lostfound(trans, inode_snapshot, &lostfound);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
@@ -335,15 +321,12 @@ static int __reattach_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
        snprintf(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), "%llu", inode->bi_inum);
        name = (struct qstr) QSTR(name_buf);
 
-       ret = bch2_dirent_create(trans,
-                                (subvol_inum) {
-                                       .subvol = subvol,
-                                       .inum = lostfound.bi_inum,
-                                },
-                                &dir_hash,
-                                inode_d_type(inode),
-                                &name, inode->bi_inum, &dir_offset,
-                                BCH_HASH_SET_MUST_CREATE);
+       ret = bch2_dirent_create_snapshot(trans,
+                               lostfound.bi_inum, inode_snapshot,
+                               &dir_hash,
+                               inode_d_type(inode),
+                               &name, inode->bi_inum, &dir_offset,
+                               BCH_HASH_SET_MUST_CREATE);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
@@ -353,22 +336,6 @@ static int __reattach_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
        return __write_inode(trans, inode, inode_snapshot);
 }
 
-static int reattach_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                         struct bch_inode_unpacked *inode,
-                         u32 inode_snapshot)
-{
-       int ret = commit_do(trans, NULL, NULL,
-                                 BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW|
-                                 BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL,
-                       __reattach_inode(trans, inode, inode_snapshot));
-       if (ret) {
-               bch_err_msg(trans->c, ret, "reattaching inode %llu", inode->bi_inum);
-               return ret;
-       }
-
-       return ret;
-}
-
 static int remove_backpointer(struct btree_trans *trans,
                              struct bch_inode_unpacked *inode)
 {
@@ -413,7 +380,7 @@ static int snapshots_seen_add_inorder(struct bch_fs *c, struct snapshots_seen *s
        };
        int ret = 0;
 
-       darray_for_each(s->ids, i) {
+       __darray_for_each(s->ids, i) {
                if (i->id == id)
                        return 0;
                if (i->id > id)
@@ -430,7 +397,7 @@ static int snapshots_seen_add_inorder(struct bch_fs *c, struct snapshots_seen *s
 static int snapshots_seen_update(struct bch_fs *c, struct snapshots_seen *s,
                                 enum btree_id btree_id, struct bpos pos)
 {
-       struct snapshots_seen_entry *i, n = {
+       struct snapshots_seen_entry n = {
                .id     = pos.snapshot,
                .equiv  = bch2_snapshot_equiv(c, pos.snapshot),
        };
@@ -453,9 +420,10 @@ static int snapshots_seen_update(struct bch_fs *c, struct snapshots_seen *s,
                if (i->equiv == n.equiv) {
                        bch_err(c, "snapshot deletion did not finish:\n"
                                "  duplicate keys in btree %s at %llu:%llu snapshots %u, %u (equiv %u)\n",
-                               bch2_btree_ids[btree_id],
+                               bch2_btree_id_str(btree_id),
                                pos.inode, pos.offset,
                                i->id, n.id, n.equiv);
+                       set_bit(BCH_FS_need_delete_dead_snapshots, &c->flags);
                        return bch2_run_explicit_recovery_pass(c, BCH_RECOVERY_PASS_delete_dead_snapshots);
                }
        }
@@ -600,14 +568,13 @@ static int get_inodes_all_snapshots(struct btree_trans *trans,
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
        struct btree_iter iter;
        struct bkey_s_c k;
-       u32 restart_count = trans->restart_count;
        int ret;
 
        w->recalculate_sums = false;
        w->inodes.nr = 0;
 
-       for_each_btree_key(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_inodes, POS(0, inum),
-                          BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k, ret) {
+       for_each_btree_key_norestart(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_inodes, POS(0, inum),
+                                    BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k, ret) {
                if (k.k->p.offset != inum)
                        break;
 
@@ -620,8 +587,7 @@ static int get_inodes_all_snapshots(struct btree_trans *trans,
                return ret;
 
        w->first_this_inode = true;
-
-       return trans_was_restarted(trans, restart_count);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 static struct inode_walker_entry *
@@ -632,7 +598,7 @@ lookup_inode_for_snapshot(struct bch_fs *c, struct inode_walker *w,
 
        snapshot = bch2_snapshot_equiv(c, snapshot);
 
-       darray_for_each(w->inodes, i)
+       __darray_for_each(w->inodes, i)
                if (bch2_snapshot_is_ancestor(c, snapshot, i->snapshot))
                        goto found;
 
@@ -674,11 +640,8 @@ static struct inode_walker_entry *walk_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
                if (ret)
                        return ERR_PTR(ret);
        } else if (bkey_cmp(w->last_pos, pos)) {
-               struct inode_walker_entry *i;
-
                darray_for_each(w->inodes, i)
                        i->seen_this_pos = false;
-
        }
 
        w->last_pos = pos;
@@ -728,8 +691,9 @@ static int check_key_has_snapshot(struct btree_trans *trans,
        int ret = 0;
 
        if (mustfix_fsck_err_on(!bch2_snapshot_equiv(c, k.k->p.snapshot), c,
-                       "key in missing snapshot: %s",
-                       (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k), buf.buf)))
+                               bkey_in_missing_snapshot,
+                               "key in missing snapshot: %s",
+                               (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k), buf.buf)))
                ret = bch2_btree_delete_at(trans, iter,
                                            BTREE_UPDATE_INTERNAL_SNAPSHOT_NODE) ?: 1;
 fsck_err:
@@ -762,9 +726,7 @@ static int hash_redo_key(struct btree_trans *trans,
                                       k.k->p.snapshot, tmp,
                                       BCH_HASH_SET_MUST_CREATE,
                                       BTREE_UPDATE_INTERNAL_SNAPSHOT_NODE) ?:
-               bch2_trans_commit(trans, NULL, NULL,
-                                 BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL|
-                                 BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW);
+               bch2_trans_commit(trans, NULL, NULL, BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc);
 }
 
 static int hash_check_key(struct btree_trans *trans,
@@ -798,6 +760,7 @@ static int hash_check_key(struct btree_trans *trans,
 
                if (fsck_err_on(k.k->type == desc.key_type &&
                                !desc.cmp_bkey(k, hash_k), c,
+                               hash_table_key_duplicate,
                                "duplicate hash table keys:\n%s",
                                (printbuf_reset(&buf),
                                 bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, hash_k),
@@ -816,13 +779,13 @@ out:
        printbuf_exit(&buf);
        return ret;
 bad_hash:
-       if (fsck_err(c, "hash table key at wrong offset: btree %s inode %llu offset %llu, hashed to %llu\n%s",
-                    bch2_btree_ids[desc.btree_id], hash_k.k->p.inode, hash_k.k->p.offset, hash,
+       if (fsck_err(c, hash_table_key_wrong_offset,
+                    "hash table key at wrong offset: btree %s inode %llu offset %llu, hashed to %llu\n%s",
+                    bch2_btree_id_str(desc.btree_id), hash_k.k->p.inode, hash_k.k->p.offset, hash,
                     (printbuf_reset(&buf),
                      bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, hash_k), buf.buf))) {
                ret = hash_redo_key(trans, desc, hash_info, k_iter, hash_k);
-               if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-                       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
                ret = -BCH_ERR_transaction_restart_nested;
@@ -831,6 +794,18 @@ fsck_err:
        goto out;
 }
 
+static int check_inode_deleted_list(struct btree_trans *trans, struct bpos p)
+{
+       struct btree_iter iter;
+       struct bkey_s_c k = bch2_bkey_get_iter(trans, &iter, BTREE_ID_deleted_inodes, p, 0);
+       int ret = bkey_err(k);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
+       return k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_set;
+}
+
 static int check_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
                       struct btree_iter *iter,
                       struct bkey_s_c k,
@@ -859,22 +834,23 @@ static int check_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
        BUG_ON(bch2_inode_unpack(k, &u));
 
        if (!full &&
-           !(u.bi_flags & (BCH_INODE_I_SIZE_DIRTY|
-                           BCH_INODE_I_SECTORS_DIRTY|
-                           BCH_INODE_UNLINKED)))
+           !(u.bi_flags & (BCH_INODE_i_size_dirty|
+                           BCH_INODE_i_sectors_dirty|
+                           BCH_INODE_unlinked)))
                return 0;
 
        if (prev->bi_inum != u.bi_inum)
                *prev = u;
 
        if (fsck_err_on(prev->bi_hash_seed      != u.bi_hash_seed ||
-                       inode_d_type(prev)      != inode_d_type(&u), c,
+                       inode_d_type(prev)      != inode_d_type(&u),
+                       c, inode_snapshot_mismatch,
                        "inodes in different snapshots don't match")) {
                bch_err(c, "repair not implemented yet");
-               return -EINVAL;
+               return -BCH_ERR_fsck_repair_unimplemented;
        }
 
-       if ((u.bi_flags & (BCH_INODE_I_SIZE_DIRTY|BCH_INODE_UNLINKED)) &&
+       if ((u.bi_flags & (BCH_INODE_i_size_dirty|BCH_INODE_unlinked)) &&
            bch2_key_has_snapshot_overwrites(trans, BTREE_ID_inodes, k.k->p)) {
                struct bpos new_min_pos;
 
@@ -882,42 +858,46 @@ static int check_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
                if (ret)
                        goto err;
 
-               u.bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_I_SIZE_DIRTY|BCH_INODE_UNLINKED;
+               u.bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_i_size_dirty|BCH_INODE_unlinked;
 
                ret = __write_inode(trans, &u, iter->pos.snapshot);
-               if (ret) {
-                       if (!bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-                               bch_err_msg(c, ret, "in fsck updating inode");
+               bch_err_msg(c, ret, "in fsck updating inode");
+               if (ret)
                        return ret;
-               }
 
                if (!bpos_eq(new_min_pos, POS_MIN))
                        bch2_btree_iter_set_pos(iter, bpos_predecessor(new_min_pos));
                return 0;
        }
 
-       if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_UNLINKED &&
+       if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_unlinked) {
+               ret = check_inode_deleted_list(trans, k.k->p);
+               if (ret < 0)
+                       return ret;
+
+               fsck_err_on(ret, c, unlinked_inode_not_on_deleted_list,
+                           "inode %llu:%u unlinked, but not on deleted list",
+                           u.bi_inum, k.k->p.snapshot);
+               ret = 0;
+       }
+
+       if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_unlinked &&
            (!c->sb.clean ||
-            fsck_err(c, "filesystem marked clean, but inode %llu unlinked",
+            fsck_err(c, inode_unlinked_but_clean,
+                     "filesystem marked clean, but inode %llu unlinked",
                      u.bi_inum))) {
-               bch2_trans_unlock(trans);
-               bch2_fs_lazy_rw(c);
-
                ret = bch2_inode_rm_snapshot(trans, u.bi_inum, iter->pos.snapshot);
-               if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-                       bch_err_msg(c, ret, "in fsck deleting inode");
+               bch_err_msg(c, ret, "in fsck deleting inode");
                return ret;
        }
 
-       if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_I_SIZE_DIRTY &&
+       if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_i_size_dirty &&
            (!c->sb.clean ||
-            fsck_err(c, "filesystem marked clean, but inode %llu has i_size dirty",
+            fsck_err(c, inode_i_size_dirty_but_clean,
+                     "filesystem marked clean, but inode %llu has i_size dirty",
                      u.bi_inum))) {
                bch_verbose(c, "truncating inode %llu", u.bi_inum);
 
-               bch2_trans_unlock(trans);
-               bch2_fs_lazy_rw(c);
-
                /*
                 * XXX: need to truncate partial blocks too here - or ideally
                 * just switch units to bytes and that issue goes away
@@ -927,8 +907,7 @@ static int check_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
                                     iter->pos.snapshot),
                                POS(u.bi_inum, U64_MAX),
                                0, NULL);
-               if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-                       bch_err_msg(c, ret, "in fsck truncating inode");
+               bch_err_msg(c, ret, "in fsck truncating inode");
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
 
@@ -936,15 +915,16 @@ static int check_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
                 * We truncated without our normal sector accounting hook, just
                 * make sure we recalculate it:
                 */
-               u.bi_flags |= BCH_INODE_I_SECTORS_DIRTY;
+               u.bi_flags |= BCH_INODE_i_sectors_dirty;
 
-               u.bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_I_SIZE_DIRTY;
+               u.bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_i_size_dirty;
                do_update = true;
        }
 
-       if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_I_SECTORS_DIRTY &&
+       if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_i_sectors_dirty &&
            (!c->sb.clean ||
-            fsck_err(c, "filesystem marked clean, but inode %llu has i_sectors dirty",
+            fsck_err(c, inode_i_sectors_dirty_but_clean,
+                     "filesystem marked clean, but inode %llu has i_sectors dirty",
                      u.bi_inum))) {
                s64 sectors;
 
@@ -953,59 +933,51 @@ static int check_inode(struct btree_trans *trans,
 
                sectors = bch2_count_inode_sectors(trans, u.bi_inum, iter->pos.snapshot);
                if (sectors < 0) {
-                       bch_err_msg(c, sectors, "fsck recounting inode sectors");
+                       bch_err_msg(c, sectors, "in fsck recounting inode sectors");
                        return sectors;
                }
 
                u.bi_sectors = sectors;
-               u.bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_I_SECTORS_DIRTY;
+               u.bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_i_sectors_dirty;
                do_update = true;
        }
 
-       if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_BACKPTR_UNTRUSTED) {
+       if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_backptr_untrusted) {
                u.bi_dir = 0;
                u.bi_dir_offset = 0;
-               u.bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_BACKPTR_UNTRUSTED;
+               u.bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_backptr_untrusted;
                do_update = true;
        }
 
        if (do_update) {
                ret = __write_inode(trans, &u, iter->pos.snapshot);
-               if (ret) {
-                       bch_err_msg(c, ret, "in fsck updating inode");
+               bch_err_msg(c, ret, "in fsck updating inode");
+               if (ret)
                        return ret;
-               }
        }
 err:
 fsck_err:
-       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
-noinline_for_stack
 int bch2_check_inodes(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
        bool full = c->opts.fsck;
-       struct btree_trans *trans = bch2_trans_get(c);
-       struct btree_iter iter;
        struct bch_inode_unpacked prev = { 0 };
        struct snapshots_seen s;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
-       int ret;
 
        snapshots_seen_init(&s);
 
-       ret = for_each_btree_key_commit(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_inodes,
-                       POS_MIN,
-                       BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k,
-                       NULL, NULL, BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW|BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL,
-               check_inode(trans, &iter, k, &prev, &s, full));
+       int ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
+               for_each_btree_key_commit(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_inodes,
+                               POS_MIN,
+                               BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k,
+                               NULL, NULL, BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc,
+                       check_inode(trans, &iter, k, &prev, &s, full)));
 
        snapshots_seen_exit(&s);
-       bch2_trans_put(trans);
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1031,29 +1003,9 @@ static bool dirent_points_to_inode(struct bkey_s_c_dirent d,
                : le64_to_cpu(d.v->d_inum)              == inode->bi_inum;
 }
 
-static int inode_backpointer_exists(struct btree_trans *trans,
-                                   struct bch_inode_unpacked *inode,
-                                   u32 snapshot)
-{
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c_dirent d;
-       int ret;
-
-       d = dirent_get_by_pos(trans, &iter,
-                       SPOS(inode->bi_dir, inode->bi_dir_offset, snapshot));
-       ret = bkey_err(d);
-       if (ret)
-               return bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT) ? 0 : ret;
-
-       ret = dirent_points_to_inode(d, inode);
-       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
-       return ret;
-}
-
 static int check_i_sectors(struct btree_trans *trans, struct inode_walker *w)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct inode_walker_entry *i;
        u32 restart_count = trans->restart_count;
        int ret = 0;
        s64 count2;
@@ -1073,10 +1025,11 @@ static int check_i_sectors(struct btree_trans *trans, struct inode_walker *w)
                        return -BCH_ERR_internal_fsck_err;
                }
 
-               if (fsck_err_on(!(i->inode.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_I_SECTORS_DIRTY), c,
-                           "inode %llu:%u has incorrect i_sectors: got %llu, should be %llu",
-                           w->last_pos.inode, i->snapshot,
-                           i->inode.bi_sectors, i->count)) {
+               if (fsck_err_on(!(i->inode.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_i_sectors_dirty),
+                               c, inode_i_sectors_wrong,
+                               "inode %llu:%u has incorrect i_sectors: got %llu, should be %llu",
+                               w->last_pos.inode, i->snapshot,
+                               i->inode.bi_sectors, i->count)) {
                        i->inode.bi_sectors = i->count;
                        ret = fsck_write_inode(trans, &i->inode, i->snapshot);
                        if (ret)
@@ -1084,8 +1037,7 @@ static int check_i_sectors(struct btree_trans *trans, struct inode_walker *w)
                }
        }
 fsck_err:
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret ?: trans_was_restarted(trans, restart_count);
 }
 
@@ -1102,11 +1054,8 @@ struct extent_ends {
 
 static void extent_ends_reset(struct extent_ends *extent_ends)
 {
-       struct extent_end *i;
-
        darray_for_each(extent_ends->e, i)
                snapshots_seen_exit(&i->seen);
-
        extent_ends->e.nr = 0;
 }
 
@@ -1138,7 +1087,7 @@ static int extent_ends_at(struct bch_fs *c,
        if (!n.seen.ids.data)
                return -BCH_ERR_ENOMEM_fsck_extent_ends_at;
 
-       darray_for_each(extent_ends->e, i) {
+       __darray_for_each(extent_ends->e, i) {
                if (i->snapshot == k.k->p.snapshot) {
                        snapshots_seen_exit(&i->seen);
                        *i = n;
@@ -1218,7 +1167,8 @@ static int overlapping_extents_found(struct btree_trans *trans,
        prt_printf(&buf, "\n  overwriting %s extent",
                   pos1.snapshot >= pos2.p.snapshot ? "first" : "second");
 
-       if (fsck_err(c, "overlapping extents%s", buf.buf)) {
+       if (fsck_err(c, extent_overlapping,
+                    "overlapping extents%s", buf.buf)) {
                struct btree_iter *old_iter = &iter1;
                struct disk_reservation res = { 0 };
 
@@ -1227,13 +1177,12 @@ static int overlapping_extents_found(struct btree_trans *trans,
                        swap(k1, k2);
                }
 
-               trans->extra_journal_res += bch2_bkey_sectors_compressed(k2);
+               trans->extra_disk_res += bch2_bkey_sectors_compressed(k2);
 
                ret =   bch2_trans_update_extent_overwrite(trans, old_iter,
                                BTREE_UPDATE_INTERNAL_SNAPSHOT_NODE,
                                k1, k2) ?:
-                       bch2_trans_commit(trans, &res, NULL,
-                               BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW|BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL);
+                       bch2_trans_commit(trans, &res, NULL, BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc);
                bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &res);
 
                if (ret)
@@ -1277,7 +1226,6 @@ static int check_overlapping_extents(struct btree_trans *trans,
                              bool *fixed)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct extent_end *i;
        int ret = 0;
 
        /* transaction restart, running again */
@@ -1315,6 +1263,28 @@ err:
        return ret;
 }
 
+static int check_extent_overbig(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
+                               struct bkey_s_c k)
+{
+       struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+       struct bkey_ptrs_c ptrs = bch2_bkey_ptrs_c(k);
+       struct bch_extent_crc_unpacked crc;
+       const union bch_extent_entry *i;
+       unsigned encoded_extent_max_sectors = c->opts.encoded_extent_max >> 9;
+
+       bkey_for_each_crc(k.k, ptrs, crc, i)
+               if (crc_is_encoded(crc) &&
+                   crc.uncompressed_size > encoded_extent_max_sectors) {
+                       struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
+
+                       bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k);
+                       bch_err(c, "overbig encoded extent, please report this:\n  %s", buf.buf);
+                       printbuf_exit(&buf);
+               }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
 static int check_extent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
                        struct bkey_s_c k,
                        struct inode_walker *inode,
@@ -1351,7 +1321,7 @@ static int check_extent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
                goto err;
 
        if (k.k->type != KEY_TYPE_whiteout) {
-               if (fsck_err_on(!i, c,
+               if (fsck_err_on(!i, c, extent_in_missing_inode,
                                "extent in missing inode:\n  %s",
                                (printbuf_reset(&buf),
                                 bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k), buf.buf)))
@@ -1359,7 +1329,8 @@ static int check_extent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
 
                if (fsck_err_on(i &&
                                !S_ISREG(i->inode.bi_mode) &&
-                               !S_ISLNK(i->inode.bi_mode), c,
+                               !S_ISLNK(i->inode.bi_mode),
+                               c, extent_in_non_reg_inode,
                                "extent in non regular inode mode %o:\n  %s",
                                i->inode.bi_mode,
                                (printbuf_reset(&buf),
@@ -1389,9 +1360,10 @@ static int check_extent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
                        continue;
 
                if (k.k->type != KEY_TYPE_whiteout) {
-                       if (fsck_err_on(!(i->inode.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_I_SIZE_DIRTY) &&
+                       if (fsck_err_on(!(i->inode.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_i_size_dirty) &&
                                        k.k->p.offset > round_up(i->inode.bi_size, block_bytes(c)) >> 9 &&
-                                       !bkey_extent_is_reservation(k), c,
+                                       !bkey_extent_is_reservation(k),
+                                       c, extent_past_end_of_inode,
                                        "extent type past end of inode %llu:%u, i_size %llu\n  %s",
                                        i->inode.bi_inum, i->snapshot, i->inode.bi_size,
                                        (bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k), buf.buf))) {
@@ -1419,9 +1391,7 @@ out:
 err:
 fsck_err:
        printbuf_exit(&buf);
-
-       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 delete:
        ret = bch2_btree_delete_at(trans, iter, BTREE_UPDATE_INTERNAL_SNAPSHOT_NODE);
@@ -1436,41 +1406,55 @@ int bch2_check_extents(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
        struct inode_walker w = inode_walker_init();
        struct snapshots_seen s;
-       struct btree_trans *trans = bch2_trans_get(c);
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
        struct extent_ends extent_ends;
        struct disk_reservation res = { 0 };
-       int ret = 0;
 
        snapshots_seen_init(&s);
        extent_ends_init(&extent_ends);
 
-       ret = for_each_btree_key_commit(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
-                       POS(BCACHEFS_ROOT_INO, 0),
-                       BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k,
-                       &res, NULL,
-                       BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW|BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL, ({
-               bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &res);
-               check_extent(trans, &iter, k, &w, &s, &extent_ends);
-       })) ?:
-       check_i_sectors(trans, &w);
+       int ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
+               for_each_btree_key_commit(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_extents,
+                               POS(BCACHEFS_ROOT_INO, 0),
+                               BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k,
+                               &res, NULL,
+                               BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc, ({
+                       bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &res);
+                       check_extent(trans, &iter, k, &w, &s, &extent_ends) ?:
+                       check_extent_overbig(trans, &iter, k);
+               })) ?:
+               check_i_sectors(trans, &w));
 
        bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &res);
        extent_ends_exit(&extent_ends);
        inode_walker_exit(&w);
        snapshots_seen_exit(&s);
-       bch2_trans_put(trans);
 
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+int bch2_check_indirect_extents(struct bch_fs *c)
+{
+       struct disk_reservation res = { 0 };
+
+       int ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
+               for_each_btree_key_commit(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_reflink,
+                               POS_MIN,
+                               BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH, k,
+                               &res, NULL,
+                               BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc, ({
+                       bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &res);
+                       check_extent_overbig(trans, &iter, k);
+               })));
+
+       bch2_disk_reservation_put(c, &res);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
 static int check_subdir_count(struct btree_trans *trans, struct inode_walker *w)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
-       struct inode_walker_entry *i;
        u32 restart_count = trans->restart_count;
        int ret = 0;
        s64 count2;
@@ -1491,7 +1475,8 @@ static int check_subdir_count(struct btree_trans *trans, struct inode_walker *w)
                                continue;
                }
 
-               if (fsck_err_on(i->inode.bi_nlink != i->count, c,
+               if (fsck_err_on(i->inode.bi_nlink != i->count,
+                               c, inode_dir_wrong_nlink,
                                "directory %llu:%u with wrong i_nlink: got %u, should be %llu",
                                w->last_pos.inode, i->snapshot, i->inode.bi_nlink, i->count)) {
                        i->inode.bi_nlink = i->count;
@@ -1501,8 +1486,7 @@ static int check_subdir_count(struct btree_trans *trans, struct inode_walker *w)
                }
        }
 fsck_err:
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret ?: trans_was_restarted(trans, restart_count);
 }
 
@@ -1514,8 +1498,8 @@ static int check_dirent_target(struct btree_trans *trans,
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
        struct bkey_i_dirent *n;
-       bool backpointer_exists = true;
        struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
+       struct btree_iter bp_iter = { NULL };
        int ret = 0;
 
        if (!target->bi_dir &&
@@ -1529,34 +1513,47 @@ static int check_dirent_target(struct btree_trans *trans,
        }
 
        if (!inode_points_to_dirent(target, d)) {
-               ret = inode_backpointer_exists(trans, target, d.k->p.snapshot);
-               if (ret < 0)
+               struct bkey_s_c_dirent bp_dirent = dirent_get_by_pos(trans, &bp_iter,
+                                     SPOS(target->bi_dir, target->bi_dir_offset, target_snapshot));
+               ret = bkey_err(bp_dirent);
+               if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT))
                        goto err;
 
-               backpointer_exists = ret;
+               bool backpointer_exists = !ret;
                ret = 0;
 
-               if (fsck_err_on(S_ISDIR(target->bi_mode) &&
-                               backpointer_exists, c,
-                               "directory %llu with multiple links",
-                               target->bi_inum)) {
+               bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, d.s_c);
+               prt_newline(&buf);
+               if (backpointer_exists)
+                       bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, bp_dirent.s_c);
+
+               if (fsck_err_on(S_ISDIR(target->bi_mode) && backpointer_exists,
+                               c, inode_dir_multiple_links,
+                               "directory %llu:%u with multiple links\n%s",
+                               target->bi_inum, target_snapshot, buf.buf)) {
                        ret = __remove_dirent(trans, d.k->p);
                        goto out;
                }
 
-               if (fsck_err_on(backpointer_exists &&
-                               !target->bi_nlink, c,
-                               "inode %llu type %s has multiple links but i_nlink 0",
-                               target->bi_inum, bch2_d_types[d.v->d_type])) {
+               /*
+                * hardlinked file with nlink 0:
+                * We're just adjusting nlink here so check_nlinks() will pick
+                * it up, it ignores inodes with nlink 0
+                */
+               if (fsck_err_on(backpointer_exists && !target->bi_nlink,
+                               c, inode_multiple_links_but_nlink_0,
+                               "inode %llu:%u type %s has multiple links but i_nlink 0\n%s",
+                               target->bi_inum, target_snapshot, bch2_d_types[d.v->d_type], buf.buf)) {
                        target->bi_nlink++;
-                       target->bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_UNLINKED;
+                       target->bi_flags &= ~BCH_INODE_unlinked;
 
                        ret = __write_inode(trans, target, target_snapshot);
                        if (ret)
                                goto err;
                }
 
-               if (fsck_err_on(!backpointer_exists, c,
+               if (fsck_err_on(!backpointer_exists,
+                               c, inode_wrong_backpointer,
                                "inode %llu:%u has wrong backpointer:\n"
                                "got       %llu:%llu\n"
                                "should be %llu:%llu",
@@ -1574,7 +1571,8 @@ static int check_dirent_target(struct btree_trans *trans,
                }
        }
 
-       if (fsck_err_on(d.v->d_type != inode_d_type(target), c,
+       if (fsck_err_on(d.v->d_type != inode_d_type(target),
+                       c, dirent_d_type_wrong,
                        "incorrect d_type: got %s, should be %s:\n%s",
                        bch2_d_type_str(d.v->d_type),
                        bch2_d_type_str(inode_d_type(target)),
@@ -1595,12 +1593,12 @@ static int check_dirent_target(struct btree_trans *trans,
                d = dirent_i_to_s_c(n);
        }
 
-       if (d.v->d_type == DT_SUBVOL &&
-           target->bi_parent_subvol != le32_to_cpu(d.v->d_parent_subvol) &&
-           (c->sb.version < bcachefs_metadata_version_subvol_dirent ||
-            fsck_err(c, "dirent has wrong d_parent_subvol field: got %u, should be %u",
-                     le32_to_cpu(d.v->d_parent_subvol),
-                     target->bi_parent_subvol))) {
+       if (fsck_err_on(d.v->d_type == DT_SUBVOL &&
+                       target->bi_parent_subvol != le32_to_cpu(d.v->d_parent_subvol),
+                       c, dirent_d_parent_subvol_wrong,
+                       "dirent has wrong d_parent_subvol field: got %u, should be %u",
+                       le32_to_cpu(d.v->d_parent_subvol),
+                       target->bi_parent_subvol)) {
                n = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, bkey_bytes(d.k));
                ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(n);
                if (ret)
@@ -1618,10 +1616,9 @@ static int check_dirent_target(struct btree_trans *trans,
 out:
 err:
 fsck_err:
+       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &bp_iter);
        printbuf_exit(&buf);
-
-       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1661,7 +1658,7 @@ static int check_dirent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
                        goto err;
        }
 
-       BUG_ON(!iter->path->should_be_locked);
+       BUG_ON(!btree_iter_path(trans, iter)->should_be_locked);
 
        i = walk_inode(trans, dir, equiv, k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_whiteout);
        ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(i);
@@ -1672,7 +1669,7 @@ static int check_dirent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
                *hash_info = bch2_hash_info_init(c, &dir->inodes.data[0].inode);
        dir->first_this_inode = false;
 
-       if (fsck_err_on(!i, c,
+       if (fsck_err_on(!i, c, dirent_in_missing_dir_inode,
                        "dirent in nonexisting directory:\n%s",
                        (printbuf_reset(&buf),
                         bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, k), buf.buf))) {
@@ -1684,7 +1681,8 @@ static int check_dirent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
        if (!i)
                goto out;
 
-       if (fsck_err_on(!S_ISDIR(i->inode.bi_mode), c,
+       if (fsck_err_on(!S_ISDIR(i->inode.bi_mode),
+                       c, dirent_in_non_dir_inode,
                        "dirent in non directory inode type %s:\n%s",
                        bch2_d_type_str(inode_d_type(&i->inode)),
                        (printbuf_reset(&buf),
@@ -1713,24 +1711,24 @@ static int check_dirent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
                u32 target_snapshot;
                u64 target_inum;
 
-               ret = __subvol_lookup(trans, target_subvol,
+               ret = subvol_lookup(trans, target_subvol,
                                      &target_snapshot, &target_inum);
                if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT))
                        goto err;
 
-               if (fsck_err_on(ret, c,
+               if (fsck_err_on(ret, c, dirent_to_missing_subvol,
                                "dirent points to missing subvolume %u",
                                le32_to_cpu(d.v->d_child_subvol))) {
                        ret = __remove_dirent(trans, d.k->p);
                        goto err;
                }
 
-               ret = __lookup_inode(trans, target_inum,
+               ret = lookup_inode(trans, target_inum,
                                   &subvol_root, &target_snapshot);
                if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT))
                        goto err;
 
-               if (fsck_err_on(ret, c,
+               if (fsck_err_on(ret, c, subvol_to_missing_root,
                                "subvolume %u points to missing subvolume root %llu",
                                target_subvol,
                                target_inum)) {
@@ -1739,7 +1737,8 @@ static int check_dirent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
                        goto err;
                }
 
-               if (fsck_err_on(subvol_root.bi_subvol != target_subvol, c,
+               if (fsck_err_on(subvol_root.bi_subvol != target_subvol,
+                               c, subvol_root_wrong_bi_subvol,
                                "subvol root %llu has wrong bi_subvol field: got %u, should be %u",
                                target_inum,
                                subvol_root.bi_subvol, target_subvol)) {
@@ -1758,7 +1757,8 @@ static int check_dirent(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
                if (ret)
                        goto err;
 
-               if (fsck_err_on(!target->inodes.nr, c,
+               if (fsck_err_on(!target->inodes.nr,
+                               c, dirent_to_missing_inode,
                                "dirent points to missing inode: (equiv %u)\n%s",
                                equiv.snapshot,
                                (printbuf_reset(&buf),
@@ -1785,9 +1785,7 @@ out:
 err:
 fsck_err:
        printbuf_exit(&buf);
-
-       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1801,28 +1799,22 @@ int bch2_check_dirents(struct bch_fs *c)
        struct inode_walker target = inode_walker_init();
        struct snapshots_seen s;
        struct bch_hash_info hash_info;
-       struct btree_trans *trans = bch2_trans_get(c);
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
-       int ret = 0;
 
        snapshots_seen_init(&s);
 
-       ret = for_each_btree_key_commit(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_dirents,
-                       POS(BCACHEFS_ROOT_INO, 0),
-                       BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS,
-                       k,
-                       NULL, NULL,
-                       BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW|BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL,
-               check_dirent(trans, &iter, k, &hash_info, &dir, &target, &s));
+       int ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
+               for_each_btree_key_commit(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_dirents,
+                               POS(BCACHEFS_ROOT_INO, 0),
+                               BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS,
+                               k,
+                               NULL, NULL,
+                               BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc,
+                       check_dirent(trans, &iter, k, &hash_info, &dir, &target, &s)));
 
-       bch2_trans_put(trans);
        snapshots_seen_exit(&s);
        inode_walker_exit(&dir);
        inode_walker_exit(&target);
-
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1848,7 +1840,7 @@ static int check_xattr(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
                *hash_info = bch2_hash_info_init(c, &inode->inodes.data[0].inode);
        inode->first_this_inode = false;
 
-       if (fsck_err_on(!i, c,
+       if (fsck_err_on(!i, c, xattr_in_missing_inode,
                        "xattr for missing inode %llu",
                        k.k->p.inode))
                return bch2_btree_delete_at(trans, iter, 0);
@@ -1858,8 +1850,7 @@ static int check_xattr(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
 
        ret = hash_check_key(trans, bch2_xattr_hash_desc, hash_info, iter, k);
 fsck_err:
-       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1870,8 +1861,6 @@ int bch2_check_xattrs(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
        struct inode_walker inode = inode_walker_init();
        struct bch_hash_info hash_info;
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
        int ret = 0;
 
        ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
@@ -1880,10 +1869,9 @@ int bch2_check_xattrs(struct bch_fs *c)
                        BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS,
                        k,
                        NULL, NULL,
-                       BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW|BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL,
+                       BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc,
                check_xattr(trans, &iter, k, &hash_info, &inode)));
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1895,11 +1883,12 @@ static int check_root_trans(struct btree_trans *trans)
        u64 inum;
        int ret;
 
-       ret = __subvol_lookup(trans, BCACHEFS_ROOT_SUBVOL, &snapshot, &inum);
+       ret = subvol_lookup(trans, BCACHEFS_ROOT_SUBVOL, &snapshot, &inum);
        if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT))
                return ret;
 
-       if (mustfix_fsck_err_on(ret, c, "root subvol missing")) {
+       if (mustfix_fsck_err_on(ret, c, root_subvol_missing,
+                               "root subvol missing")) {
                struct bkey_i_subvolume root_subvol;
 
                snapshot        = U32_MAX;
@@ -1910,32 +1899,27 @@ static int check_root_trans(struct btree_trans *trans)
                root_subvol.v.flags     = 0;
                root_subvol.v.snapshot  = cpu_to_le32(snapshot);
                root_subvol.v.inode     = cpu_to_le64(inum);
-               ret = commit_do(trans, NULL, NULL,
-                                     BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL|
-                                     BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW,
-                       bch2_btree_insert_trans(trans, BTREE_ID_subvolumes,
-                                           &root_subvol.k_i, 0));
-               if (ret) {
-                       bch_err_msg(c, ret, "writing root subvol");
+               ret = bch2_btree_insert_trans(trans, BTREE_ID_subvolumes, &root_subvol.k_i, 0);
+               bch_err_msg(c, ret, "writing root subvol");
+               if (ret)
                        goto err;
-               }
-
        }
 
-       ret = __lookup_inode(trans, BCACHEFS_ROOT_INO, &root_inode, &snapshot);
+       ret = lookup_inode(trans, BCACHEFS_ROOT_INO, &root_inode, &snapshot);
        if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT))
                return ret;
 
-       if (mustfix_fsck_err_on(ret, c, "root directory missing") ||
-           mustfix_fsck_err_on(!S_ISDIR(root_inode.bi_mode), c,
+       if (mustfix_fsck_err_on(ret, c, root_dir_missing,
+                               "root directory missing") ||
+           mustfix_fsck_err_on(!S_ISDIR(root_inode.bi_mode),
+                               c, root_inode_not_dir,
                                "root inode not a directory")) {
                bch2_inode_init(c, &root_inode, 0, 0, S_IFDIR|0755,
                                0, NULL);
                root_inode.bi_inum = inum;
 
                ret = __write_inode(trans, &root_inode, snapshot);
-               if (ret)
-                       bch_err_msg(c, ret, "writing root inode");
+               bch_err_msg(c, ret, "writing root inode");
        }
 err:
 fsck_err:
@@ -1945,15 +1929,9 @@ fsck_err:
 /* Get root directory, create if it doesn't exist: */
 int bch2_check_root(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
-       int ret;
-
-       ret = bch2_trans_do(c, NULL, NULL,
-                            BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL|
-                            BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW,
+       int ret = bch2_trans_do(c, NULL, NULL, BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc,
                check_root_trans(trans));
-
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1966,13 +1944,10 @@ typedef DARRAY(struct pathbuf_entry) pathbuf;
 
 static bool path_is_dup(pathbuf *p, u64 inum, u32 snapshot)
 {
-       struct pathbuf_entry *i;
-
        darray_for_each(*p, i)
                if (i->inum     == inum &&
                    i->snapshot == snapshot)
                        return true;
-
        return false;
 }
 
@@ -2021,10 +1996,10 @@ static int check_path(struct btree_trans *trans,
                                break;
                }
 
-               ret = lockrestart_do(trans,
-                       PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO((d = dirent_get_by_pos(trans, &dirent_iter,
-                                         SPOS(inode->bi_dir, inode->bi_dir_offset,
-                                              parent_snapshot))).k));
+               d = dirent_get_by_pos(trans, &dirent_iter,
+                                     SPOS(inode->bi_dir, inode->bi_dir_offset,
+                                          parent_snapshot));
+               ret = bkey_err(d.s_c);
                if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT))
                        break;
 
@@ -2034,7 +2009,8 @@ static int check_path(struct btree_trans *trans,
                }
 
                if (bch2_err_matches(ret, ENOENT)) {
-                       if (fsck_err(c,  "unreachable inode %llu:%u, type %s nlink %u backptr %llu:%llu",
+                       if (fsck_err(c,  inode_unreachable,
+                                    "unreachable inode %llu:%u, type %s nlink %u backptr %llu:%llu",
                                     inode->bi_inum, snapshot,
                                     bch2_d_type_str(inode_d_type(inode)),
                                     inode->bi_nlink,
@@ -2060,13 +2036,12 @@ static int check_path(struct btree_trans *trans,
                ret = lookup_inode(trans, inode->bi_dir, inode, &snapshot);
                if (ret) {
                        /* Should have been caught in dirents pass */
-                       bch_err(c, "error looking up parent directory: %i", ret);
+                       if (!bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
+                               bch_err(c, "error looking up parent directory: %i", ret);
                        break;
                }
 
                if (path_is_dup(p, inode->bi_inum, snapshot)) {
-                       struct pathbuf_entry *i;
-
                        /* XXX print path */
                        bch_err(c, "directory structure loop");
 
@@ -2074,24 +2049,23 @@ static int check_path(struct btree_trans *trans,
                                pr_err("%llu:%u", i->inum, i->snapshot);
                        pr_err("%llu:%u", inode->bi_inum, snapshot);
 
-                       if (!fsck_err(c, "directory structure loop"))
+                       if (!fsck_err(c, dir_loop, "directory structure loop"))
                                return 0;
 
-                       ret = commit_do(trans, NULL, NULL,
-                                             BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL|
-                                             BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW,
-                                       remove_backpointer(trans, inode));
-                       if (ret) {
-                               bch_err(c, "error removing dirent: %i", ret);
+                       ret = remove_backpointer(trans, inode);
+                       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
+                               bch_err_msg(c, ret, "removing dirent");
+                       if (ret)
                                break;
-                       }
 
                        ret = reattach_inode(trans, inode, snapshot);
+                       if (ret && !bch2_err_matches(ret, BCH_ERR_transaction_restart))
+                               bch_err_msg(c, ret, "reattaching inode %llu", inode->bi_inum);
+                       break;
                }
        }
 fsck_err:
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2102,40 +2076,29 @@ fsck_err:
  */
 int bch2_check_directory_structure(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
-       struct btree_trans *trans = bch2_trans_get(c);
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
        struct bch_inode_unpacked u;
        pathbuf path = { 0, };
        int ret;
 
-       for_each_btree_key(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_inodes, POS_MIN,
-                          BTREE_ITER_INTENT|
-                          BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|
-                          BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k, ret) {
-               if (!bkey_is_inode(k.k))
-                       continue;
+       ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
+               for_each_btree_key_commit(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_inodes, POS_MIN,
+                                         BTREE_ITER_INTENT|
+                                         BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|
+                                         BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k,
+                                         NULL, NULL, BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc, ({
+                       if (!bkey_is_inode(k.k))
+                               continue;
 
-               ret = bch2_inode_unpack(k, &u);
-               if (ret) {
-                       /* Should have been caught earlier in fsck: */
-                       bch_err(c, "error unpacking inode %llu: %i", k.k->p.offset, ret);
-                       break;
-               }
+                       BUG_ON(bch2_inode_unpack(k, &u));
 
-               if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_UNLINKED)
-                       continue;
+                       if (u.bi_flags & BCH_INODE_unlinked)
+                               continue;
 
-               ret = check_path(trans, &path, &u, iter.pos.snapshot);
-               if (ret)
-                       break;
-       }
-       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
-       bch2_trans_put(trans);
+                       check_path(trans, &path, &u, iter.pos.snapshot);
+               })));
        darray_exit(&path);
 
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2185,7 +2148,7 @@ static int nlink_cmp(const void *_l, const void *_r)
        const struct nlink *l = _l;
        const struct nlink *r = _r;
 
-       return cmp_int(l->inum, r->inum) ?: cmp_int(l->snapshot, r->snapshot);
+       return cmp_int(l->inum, r->inum);
 }
 
 static void inc_link(struct bch_fs *c, struct snapshots_seen *s,
@@ -2220,47 +2183,39 @@ static int check_nlinks_find_hardlinks(struct bch_fs *c,
                                       struct nlink_table *t,
                                       u64 start, u64 *end)
 {
-       struct btree_trans *trans = bch2_trans_get(c);
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
-       struct bch_inode_unpacked u;
-       int ret = 0;
-
-       for_each_btree_key(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_inodes,
-                          POS(0, start),
-                          BTREE_ITER_INTENT|
-                          BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|
-                          BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k, ret) {
-               if (!bkey_is_inode(k.k))
-                       continue;
-
-               /* Should never fail, checked by bch2_inode_invalid: */
-               BUG_ON(bch2_inode_unpack(k, &u));
-
-               /*
-                * Backpointer and directory structure checks are sufficient for
-                * directories, since they can't have hardlinks:
-                */
-               if (S_ISDIR(u.bi_mode))
-                       continue;
+       int ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
+               for_each_btree_key(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_inodes,
+                                  POS(0, start),
+                                  BTREE_ITER_INTENT|
+                                  BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|
+                                  BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k, ({
+                       if (!bkey_is_inode(k.k))
+                               continue;
 
-               if (!u.bi_nlink)
-                       continue;
+                       /* Should never fail, checked by bch2_inode_invalid: */
+                       struct bch_inode_unpacked u;
+                       BUG_ON(bch2_inode_unpack(k, &u));
 
-               ret = add_nlink(c, t, k.k->p.offset, k.k->p.snapshot);
-               if (ret) {
-                       *end = k.k->p.offset;
-                       ret = 0;
-                       break;
-               }
+                       /*
+                        * Backpointer and directory structure checks are sufficient for
+                        * directories, since they can't have hardlinks:
+                        */
+                       if (S_ISDIR(u.bi_mode))
+                               continue;
 
-       }
-       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
-       bch2_trans_put(trans);
+                       if (!u.bi_nlink)
+                               continue;
 
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err(c, "error in fsck: btree error %i while walking inodes", ret);
+                       ret = add_nlink(c, t, k.k->p.offset, k.k->p.snapshot);
+                       if (ret) {
+                               *end = k.k->p.offset;
+                               ret = 0;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       0;
+               })));
 
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2268,42 +2223,34 @@ noinline_for_stack
 static int check_nlinks_walk_dirents(struct bch_fs *c, struct nlink_table *links,
                                     u64 range_start, u64 range_end)
 {
-       struct btree_trans *trans = bch2_trans_get(c);
        struct snapshots_seen s;
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
-       struct bkey_s_c_dirent d;
-       int ret;
 
        snapshots_seen_init(&s);
 
-       for_each_btree_key(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_dirents, POS_MIN,
-                          BTREE_ITER_INTENT|
-                          BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|
-                          BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k, ret) {
-               ret = snapshots_seen_update(c, &s, iter.btree_id, k.k->p);
-               if (ret)
-                       break;
-
-               switch (k.k->type) {
-               case KEY_TYPE_dirent:
-                       d = bkey_s_c_to_dirent(k);
+       int ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
+               for_each_btree_key(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_dirents, POS_MIN,
+                                  BTREE_ITER_INTENT|
+                                  BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|
+                                  BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k, ({
+                       ret = snapshots_seen_update(c, &s, iter.btree_id, k.k->p);
+                       if (ret)
+                               break;
 
-                       if (d.v->d_type != DT_DIR &&
-                           d.v->d_type != DT_SUBVOL)
-                               inc_link(c, &s, links, range_start, range_end,
-                                        le64_to_cpu(d.v->d_inum),
-                                        bch2_snapshot_equiv(c, d.k->p.snapshot));
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
-       bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
+                       if (k.k->type == KEY_TYPE_dirent) {
+                               struct bkey_s_c_dirent d = bkey_s_c_to_dirent(k);
 
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err(c, "error in fsck: btree error %i while walking dirents", ret);
+                               if (d.v->d_type != DT_DIR &&
+                                   d.v->d_type != DT_SUBVOL)
+                                       inc_link(c, &s, links, range_start, range_end,
+                                                le64_to_cpu(d.v->d_inum),
+                                                bch2_snapshot_equiv(c, d.k->p.snapshot));
+                       }
+                       0;
+               })));
 
-       bch2_trans_put(trans);
        snapshots_seen_exit(&s);
+
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2337,7 +2284,8 @@ static int check_nlinks_update_inode(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_ite
                link = &links->d[++*idx];
        }
 
-       if (fsck_err_on(bch2_inode_nlink_get(&u) != link->count, c,
+       if (fsck_err_on(bch2_inode_nlink_get(&u) != link->count,
+                       c, inode_wrong_nlink,
                        "inode %llu type %s has wrong i_nlink (%u, should be %u)",
                        u.bi_inum, bch2_d_types[mode_to_type(u.bi_mode)],
                        bch2_inode_nlink_get(&u), link->count)) {
@@ -2353,19 +2301,16 @@ static int check_nlinks_update_hardlinks(struct bch_fs *c,
                               struct nlink_table *links,
                               u64 range_start, u64 range_end)
 {
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
        size_t idx = 0;
-       int ret = 0;
 
-       ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
+       int ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
                for_each_btree_key_commit(trans, iter, BTREE_ID_inodes,
                                POS(0, range_start),
                                BTREE_ITER_INTENT|BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k,
-                               NULL, NULL, BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW|BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL,
+                               NULL, NULL, BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc,
                        check_nlinks_update_inode(trans, &iter, k, links, &idx, range_end)));
        if (ret < 0) {
-               bch_err(c, "error in fsck: btree error %i while walking inodes", ret);
+               bch_err(c, "error in fsck walking inodes: %s", bch2_err_str(ret));
                return ret;
        }
 
@@ -2402,9 +2347,7 @@ int bch2_check_nlinks(struct bch_fs *c)
        } while (next_iter_range_start != U64_MAX);
 
        kvfree(links.d);
-
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2413,7 +2356,6 @@ static int fix_reflink_p_key(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
 {
        struct bkey_s_c_reflink_p p;
        struct bkey_i_reflink_p *u;
-       int ret;
 
        if (k.k->type != KEY_TYPE_reflink_p)
                return 0;
@@ -2424,7 +2366,7 @@ static int fix_reflink_p_key(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
                return 0;
 
        u = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, sizeof(*u));
-       ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(u);
+       int ret = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(u);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
@@ -2437,21 +2379,16 @@ static int fix_reflink_p_key(struct btree_trans *trans, struct btree_iter *iter,
 
 int bch2_fix_reflink_p(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
-       struct btree_iter iter;
-       struct bkey_s_c k;
-       int ret;
-
        if (c->sb.version >= bcachefs_metadata_version_reflink_p_fix)
                return 0;
 
-       ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
+       int ret = bch2_trans_run(c,
                for_each_btree_key_commit(trans, iter,
                                BTREE_ID_extents, POS_MIN,
                                BTREE_ITER_INTENT|BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH|
                                BTREE_ITER_ALL_SNAPSHOTS, k,
-                               NULL, NULL, BTREE_INSERT_NOFAIL|BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW,
+                               NULL, NULL, BCH_TRANS_COMMIT_no_enospc,
                        fix_reflink_p_key(trans, &iter, k)));
-       if (ret)
-               bch_err_fn(c, ret);
+       bch_err_fn(c, ret);
        return ret;
 }