]> git.sesse.net Git - bcachefs-tools-debian/blobdiff - libbcachefs/journal_io.c
Update bcachefs sources to bdf6d7c135 fixup! bcachefs: Kill journal buf bloom filter
[bcachefs-tools-debian] / libbcachefs / journal_io.c
index b7625285b3ad6c7d58885cd617cf443cc2f60687..e537a578c44316a1dd9cb7dc72b4604f5386cc7f 100644 (file)
@@ -1,22 +1,52 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include "bcachefs.h"
+#include "alloc_background.h"
 #include "alloc_foreground.h"
 #include "btree_io.h"
 #include "btree_update_interior.h"
 #include "buckets.h"
 #include "checksum.h"
+#include "disk_groups.h"
 #include "error.h"
+#include "io.h"
 #include "journal.h"
 #include "journal_io.h"
 #include "journal_reclaim.h"
+#include "journal_seq_blacklist.h"
 #include "replicas.h"
 
 #include <trace/events/bcachefs.h>
 
+static inline u32 journal_entry_radix_idx(struct bch_fs *c, u64 seq)
+{
+       return (seq - c->journal_entries_base_seq) & (~0U >> 1);
+}
+
+static void __journal_replay_free(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                 struct journal_replay *i)
+{
+       struct journal_replay **p =
+               genradix_ptr(&c->journal_entries,
+                            journal_entry_radix_idx(c, le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq)));
+
+       BUG_ON(*p != i);
+       *p = NULL;
+       kvpfree(i, offsetof(struct journal_replay, j) +
+               vstruct_bytes(&i->j));
+}
+
+static void journal_replay_free(struct bch_fs *c, struct journal_replay *i)
+{
+       i->ignore = true;
+
+       if (!c->opts.read_entire_journal)
+               __journal_replay_free(c, i);
+}
+
 struct journal_list {
        struct closure          cl;
+       u64                     last_seq;
        struct mutex            lock;
-       struct list_head        *head;
        int                     ret;
 };
 
@@ -28,69 +58,107 @@ struct journal_list {
  * be replayed:
  */
 static int journal_entry_add(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca,
-                            struct journal_list *jlist, struct jset *j)
+                            struct journal_ptr entry_ptr,
+                            struct journal_list *jlist, struct jset *j,
+                            bool bad)
 {
-       struct journal_replay *i, *pos;
-       struct list_head *where;
+       struct genradix_iter iter;
+       struct journal_replay **_i, *i, *dup;
+       struct journal_ptr *ptr;
        size_t bytes = vstruct_bytes(j);
-       __le64 last_seq;
-       int ret;
+       u64 last_seq = !JSET_NO_FLUSH(j) ? le64_to_cpu(j->last_seq) : 0;
+       int ret = JOURNAL_ENTRY_ADD_OK;
 
-       last_seq = !list_empty(jlist->head)
-               ? list_last_entry(jlist->head, struct journal_replay,
-                                 list)->j.last_seq
-               : 0;
+       /* Is this entry older than the range we need? */
+       if (!c->opts.read_entire_journal &&
+           le64_to_cpu(j->seq) < jlist->last_seq)
+               return JOURNAL_ENTRY_ADD_OUT_OF_RANGE;
 
-       if (!c->opts.read_entire_journal) {
-               /* Is this entry older than the range we need? */
-               if (le64_to_cpu(j->seq) < le64_to_cpu(last_seq)) {
-                       ret = JOURNAL_ENTRY_ADD_OUT_OF_RANGE;
-                       goto out;
-               }
+       /*
+        * genradixes are indexed by a ulong, not a u64, so we can't index them
+        * by sequence number directly: Assume instead that they will all fall
+        * within the range of +-2billion of the filrst one we find.
+        */
+       if (!c->journal_entries_base_seq)
+               c->journal_entries_base_seq = max_t(s64, 1, le64_to_cpu(j->seq) - S32_MAX);
+
+       /* Drop entries we don't need anymore */
+       if (last_seq > jlist->last_seq && !c->opts.read_entire_journal) {
+               genradix_for_each_from(&c->journal_entries, iter, _i,
+                                      journal_entry_radix_idx(c, jlist->last_seq)) {
+                       i = *_i;
+
+                       if (!i || i->ignore)
+                               continue;
 
-               /* Drop entries we don't need anymore */
-               list_for_each_entry_safe(i, pos, jlist->head, list) {
-                       if (le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq) >= le64_to_cpu(j->last_seq))
+                       if (le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq) >= last_seq)
                                break;
-                       list_del(&i->list);
-                       kvpfree(i, offsetof(struct journal_replay, j) +
-                               vstruct_bytes(&i->j));
+                       journal_replay_free(c, i);
                }
        }
 
-       list_for_each_entry_reverse(i, jlist->head, list) {
-               /* Duplicate? */
-               if (le64_to_cpu(j->seq) == le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq)) {
-                       fsck_err_on(bytes != vstruct_bytes(&i->j) ||
-                                   memcmp(j, &i->j, bytes), c,
+       jlist->last_seq = max(jlist->last_seq, last_seq);
+
+       _i = genradix_ptr_alloc(&c->journal_entries,
+                               journal_entry_radix_idx(c, le64_to_cpu(j->seq)),
+                               GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!_i)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       /*
+        * Duplicate journal entries? If so we want the one that didn't have a
+        * checksum error:
+        */
+       dup = *_i;
+       if (dup) {
+               if (dup->bad) {
+                       /* we'll replace @dup: */
+               } else if (bad) {
+                       i = dup;
+                       goto found;
+               } else {
+                       fsck_err_on(bytes != vstruct_bytes(&dup->j) ||
+                                   memcmp(j, &dup->j, bytes), c,
                                    "found duplicate but non identical journal entries (seq %llu)",
                                    le64_to_cpu(j->seq));
+                       i = dup;
                        goto found;
                }
+       }
+
+       i = kvpmalloc(offsetof(struct journal_replay, j) + bytes, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!i)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       i->nr_ptrs       = 0;
+       i->bad          = bad;
+       i->ignore       = false;
+       memcpy(&i->j, j, bytes);
 
-               if (le64_to_cpu(j->seq) > le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq)) {
-                       where = &i->list;
-                       goto add;
+       if (dup) {
+               i->nr_ptrs = dup->nr_ptrs;
+               memcpy(i->ptrs, dup->ptrs, sizeof(dup->ptrs));
+               __journal_replay_free(c, dup);
+       }
+
+
+       *_i = i;
+found:
+       for (ptr = i->ptrs; ptr < i->ptrs + i->nr_ptrs; ptr++) {
+               if (ptr->dev == ca->dev_idx) {
+                       bch_err(c, "duplicate journal entry %llu on same device",
+                               le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq));
+                       goto out;
                }
        }
 
-       where = jlist->head;
-add:
-       i = kvpmalloc(offsetof(struct journal_replay, j) + bytes, GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!i) {
-               ret = -ENOMEM;
+       if (i->nr_ptrs >= ARRAY_SIZE(i->ptrs)) {
+               bch_err(c, "found too many copies of journal entry %llu",
+                       le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq));
                goto out;
        }
 
-       list_add(&i->list, where);
-       i->devs.nr = 0;
-       memcpy(&i->j, j, bytes);
-found:
-       if (!bch2_dev_list_has_dev(i->devs, ca->dev_idx))
-               bch2_dev_list_add_dev(&i->devs, ca->dev_idx);
-       else
-               fsck_err_on(1, c, "duplicate journal entries on same device");
-       ret = JOURNAL_ENTRY_ADD_OK;
+       i->ptrs[i->nr_ptrs++] = entry_ptr;
 out:
 fsck_err:
        return ret;
@@ -140,93 +208,130 @@ static void journal_entry_null_range(void *start, void *end)
 #define journal_entry_err_on(cond, c, msg, ...)                                \
        ((cond) ? journal_entry_err(c, msg, ##__VA_ARGS__) : false)
 
-static int journal_validate_key(struct bch_fs *c, struct jset *jset,
+#define FSCK_DELETED_KEY       5
+
+static int journal_validate_key(struct bch_fs *c, const char *where,
                                struct jset_entry *entry,
                                unsigned level, enum btree_id btree_id,
-                               struct bkey_i *k,
-                               const char *type, int write)
+                               struct bkey_i *k, const char *type,
+                               unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
 {
        void *next = vstruct_next(entry);
-       const char *invalid;
-       unsigned version = le32_to_cpu(jset->version);
+       struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
        int ret = 0;
 
        if (journal_entry_err_on(!k->k.u64s, c,
-                       "invalid %s in journal: k->u64s 0", type)) {
+                       "invalid %s in %s entry offset %zi/%u: k->u64s 0",
+                       type, where,
+                       (u64 *) k - entry->_data,
+                       le16_to_cpu(entry->u64s))) {
                entry->u64s = cpu_to_le16((u64 *) k - entry->_data);
                journal_entry_null_range(vstruct_next(entry), next);
-               return 0;
+               return FSCK_DELETED_KEY;
        }
 
        if (journal_entry_err_on((void *) bkey_next(k) >
                                (void *) vstruct_next(entry), c,
-                       "invalid %s in journal: extends past end of journal entry",
-                       type)) {
+                       "invalid %s in %s entry offset %zi/%u: extends past end of journal entry",
+                       type, where,
+                       (u64 *) k - entry->_data,
+                       le16_to_cpu(entry->u64s))) {
                entry->u64s = cpu_to_le16((u64 *) k - entry->_data);
                journal_entry_null_range(vstruct_next(entry), next);
-               return 0;
+               return FSCK_DELETED_KEY;
        }
 
        if (journal_entry_err_on(k->k.format != KEY_FORMAT_CURRENT, c,
-                       "invalid %s in journal: bad format %u",
-                       type, k->k.format)) {
-               le16_add_cpu(&entry->u64s, -k->k.u64s);
+                       "invalid %s in %s entry offset %zi/%u: bad format %u",
+                       type, where,
+                       (u64 *) k - entry->_data,
+                       le16_to_cpu(entry->u64s),
+                       k->k.format)) {
+               le16_add_cpu(&entry->u64s, -((u16) k->k.u64s));
                memmove(k, bkey_next(k), next - (void *) bkey_next(k));
                journal_entry_null_range(vstruct_next(entry), next);
-               return 0;
+               return FSCK_DELETED_KEY;
        }
 
        if (!write)
-               bch2_bkey_compat(level, btree_id, version,
-                           JSET_BIG_ENDIAN(jset), write,
-                           NULL, bkey_to_packed(k));
-
-       invalid = bch2_bkey_invalid(c, bkey_i_to_s_c(k),
-                                   __btree_node_type(level, btree_id));
-       if (invalid) {
-               char buf[160];
-
-               bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&PBUF(buf), c, bkey_i_to_s_c(k));
-               mustfix_fsck_err(c, "invalid %s in journal: %s\n%s",
-                                type, invalid, buf);
-
-               le16_add_cpu(&entry->u64s, -k->k.u64s);
+               bch2_bkey_compat(level, btree_id, version, big_endian,
+                                write, NULL, bkey_to_packed(k));
+
+       if (bch2_bkey_invalid(c, bkey_i_to_s_c(k),
+                             __btree_node_type(level, btree_id), write, &buf)) {
+               printbuf_reset(&buf);
+               pr_buf(&buf, "invalid %s in %s entry offset %zi/%u:",
+                      type, where,
+                      (u64 *) k - entry->_data,
+                      le16_to_cpu(entry->u64s));
+               pr_newline(&buf);
+               pr_indent_push(&buf, 2);
+
+               bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, bkey_i_to_s_c(k));
+               pr_newline(&buf);
+               bch2_bkey_invalid(c, bkey_i_to_s_c(k),
+                                 __btree_node_type(level, btree_id), write, &buf);
+
+               mustfix_fsck_err(c, "%s", buf.buf);
+
+               le16_add_cpu(&entry->u64s, -((u16) k->k.u64s));
                memmove(k, bkey_next(k), next - (void *) bkey_next(k));
                journal_entry_null_range(vstruct_next(entry), next);
-               return 0;
+
+               printbuf_exit(&buf);
+               return FSCK_DELETED_KEY;
        }
 
        if (write)
-               bch2_bkey_compat(level, btree_id, version,
-                           JSET_BIG_ENDIAN(jset), write,
-                           NULL, bkey_to_packed(k));
+               bch2_bkey_compat(level, btree_id, version, big_endian,
+                                write, NULL, bkey_to_packed(k));
 fsck_err:
+       printbuf_exit(&buf);
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int journal_entry_validate_btree_keys(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                            struct jset *jset,
+static int journal_entry_btree_keys_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                            const char *where,
                                             struct jset_entry *entry,
-                                            int write)
+                                            unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
 {
-       struct bkey_i *k;
+       struct bkey_i *k = entry->start;
 
-       vstruct_for_each(entry, k) {
-               int ret = journal_validate_key(c, jset, entry,
+       while (k != vstruct_last(entry)) {
+               int ret = journal_validate_key(c, where, entry,
                                               entry->level,
                                               entry->btree_id,
-                                              k, "key", write);
-               if (ret)
-                       return ret;
+                                              k, "key", version, big_endian, write);
+               if (ret == FSCK_DELETED_KEY)
+                       continue;
+
+               k = bkey_next(k);
        }
 
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int journal_entry_validate_btree_root(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                            struct jset *jset,
+static void journal_entry_btree_keys_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                                            struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+       struct bkey_i *k;
+       bool first = true;
+
+       vstruct_for_each(entry, k) {
+               if (!first) {
+                       pr_newline(out);
+                       pr_buf(out, "%s: ", bch2_jset_entry_types[entry->type]);
+               }
+               pr_buf(out, "btree=%s l=%u ", bch2_btree_ids[entry->btree_id], entry->level);
+               bch2_bkey_val_to_text(out, c, bkey_i_to_s_c(k));
+               first = false;
+       }
+}
+
+static int journal_entry_btree_root_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                            const char *where,
                                             struct jset_entry *entry,
-                                            int write)
+                                            unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
 {
        struct bkey_i *k = entry->start;
        int ret = 0;
@@ -245,25 +350,36 @@ static int journal_entry_validate_btree_root(struct bch_fs *c,
                return 0;
        }
 
-       return journal_validate_key(c, jset, entry, 1, entry->btree_id, k,
-                                   "btree root", write);
+       return journal_validate_key(c, where, entry, 1, entry->btree_id, k,
+                                   "btree root", version, big_endian, write);
 fsck_err:
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int journal_entry_validate_prio_ptrs(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                           struct jset *jset,
+static void journal_entry_btree_root_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                                            struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+       journal_entry_btree_keys_to_text(out, c, entry);
+}
+
+static int journal_entry_prio_ptrs_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                           const char *where,
                                            struct jset_entry *entry,
-                                           int write)
+                                           unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
 {
        /* obsolete, don't care: */
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int journal_entry_validate_blacklist(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                           struct jset *jset,
+static void journal_entry_prio_ptrs_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                                           struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+}
+
+static int journal_entry_blacklist_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                           const char *where,
                                            struct jset_entry *entry,
-                                           int write)
+                                           unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
 {
        int ret = 0;
 
@@ -275,10 +391,19 @@ fsck_err:
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int journal_entry_validate_blacklist_v2(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                              struct jset *jset,
+static void journal_entry_blacklist_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                                           struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+       struct jset_entry_blacklist *bl =
+               container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_blacklist, entry);
+
+       pr_buf(out, "seq=%llu", le64_to_cpu(bl->seq));
+}
+
+static int journal_entry_blacklist_v2_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                              const char *where,
                                               struct jset_entry *entry,
-                                              int write)
+                                              unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
 {
        struct jset_entry_blacklist_v2 *bl_entry;
        int ret = 0;
@@ -301,10 +426,21 @@ fsck_err:
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int journal_entry_validate_usage(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                       struct jset *jset,
+static void journal_entry_blacklist_v2_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                                              struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+       struct jset_entry_blacklist_v2 *bl =
+               container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_blacklist_v2, entry);
+
+       pr_buf(out, "start=%llu end=%llu",
+              le64_to_cpu(bl->start),
+              le64_to_cpu(bl->end));
+}
+
+static int journal_entry_usage_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                       const char *where,
                                        struct jset_entry *entry,
-                                       int write)
+                                       unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
 {
        struct jset_entry_usage *u =
                container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_usage, entry);
@@ -322,10 +458,21 @@ fsck_err:
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int journal_entry_validate_data_usage(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                       struct jset *jset,
+static void journal_entry_usage_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                                       struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+       struct jset_entry_usage *u =
+               container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_usage, entry);
+
+       pr_buf(out, "type=%s v=%llu",
+              bch2_fs_usage_types[u->entry.btree_id],
+              le64_to_cpu(u->v));
+}
+
+static int journal_entry_data_usage_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                       const char *where,
                                        struct jset_entry *entry,
-                                       int write)
+                                       unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
 {
        struct jset_entry_data_usage *u =
                container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_data_usage, entry);
@@ -344,36 +491,178 @@ fsck_err:
        return ret;
 }
 
+static void journal_entry_data_usage_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                                            struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+       struct jset_entry_data_usage *u =
+               container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_data_usage, entry);
+
+       bch2_replicas_entry_to_text(out, &u->r);
+       pr_buf(out, "=%llu", le64_to_cpu(u->v));
+}
+
+static int journal_entry_clock_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                       const char *where,
+                                       struct jset_entry *entry,
+                                       unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
+{
+       struct jset_entry_clock *clock =
+               container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_clock, entry);
+       unsigned bytes = jset_u64s(le16_to_cpu(entry->u64s)) * sizeof(u64);
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       if (journal_entry_err_on(bytes != sizeof(*clock),
+                                c, "invalid journal entry clock: bad size")) {
+               journal_entry_null_range(entry, vstruct_next(entry));
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+       if (journal_entry_err_on(clock->rw > 1,
+                                c, "invalid journal entry clock: bad rw")) {
+               journal_entry_null_range(entry, vstruct_next(entry));
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+fsck_err:
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static void journal_entry_clock_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                                       struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+       struct jset_entry_clock *clock =
+               container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_clock, entry);
+
+       pr_buf(out, "%s=%llu", clock->rw ? "write" : "read", le64_to_cpu(clock->time));
+}
+
+static int journal_entry_dev_usage_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                           const char *where,
+                                           struct jset_entry *entry,
+                                           unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
+{
+       struct jset_entry_dev_usage *u =
+               container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_dev_usage, entry);
+       unsigned bytes = jset_u64s(le16_to_cpu(entry->u64s)) * sizeof(u64);
+       unsigned expected = sizeof(*u);
+       unsigned dev;
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       if (journal_entry_err_on(bytes < expected,
+                                c, "invalid journal entry dev usage: bad size (%u < %u)",
+                                bytes, expected)) {
+               journal_entry_null_range(entry, vstruct_next(entry));
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+       dev = le32_to_cpu(u->dev);
+
+       if (journal_entry_err_on(!bch2_dev_exists2(c, dev),
+                                c, "invalid journal entry dev usage: bad dev")) {
+               journal_entry_null_range(entry, vstruct_next(entry));
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+       if (journal_entry_err_on(u->pad,
+                                c, "invalid journal entry dev usage: bad pad")) {
+               journal_entry_null_range(entry, vstruct_next(entry));
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+fsck_err:
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static void journal_entry_dev_usage_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                                           struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+       struct jset_entry_dev_usage *u =
+               container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_dev_usage, entry);
+       unsigned i, nr_types = jset_entry_dev_usage_nr_types(u);
+
+       pr_buf(out, "dev=%u", le32_to_cpu(u->dev));
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nr_types; i++) {
+               if (i < BCH_DATA_NR)
+                       pr_buf(out, " %s", bch2_data_types[i]);
+               else
+                       pr_buf(out, " (unknown data type %u)", i);
+               pr_buf(out, ": buckets=%llu sectors=%llu fragmented=%llu",
+                      le64_to_cpu(u->d[i].buckets),
+                      le64_to_cpu(u->d[i].sectors),
+                      le64_to_cpu(u->d[i].fragmented));
+       }
+
+       pr_buf(out, " buckets_ec: %llu", le64_to_cpu(u->buckets_ec));
+}
+
+static int journal_entry_log_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                     const char *where,
+                                     struct jset_entry *entry,
+                                     unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void journal_entry_log_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                                     struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+       struct jset_entry_log *l = container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_log, entry);
+       unsigned bytes = vstruct_bytes(entry) - offsetof(struct jset_entry_log, d);
+
+       pr_buf(out, "%.*s", bytes, l->d);
+}
+
 struct jset_entry_ops {
-       int (*validate)(struct bch_fs *, struct jset *,
-                       struct jset_entry *, int);
+       int (*validate)(struct bch_fs *, const char *,
+                       struct jset_entry *, unsigned, int, int);
+       void (*to_text)(struct printbuf *, struct bch_fs *, struct jset_entry *);
 };
 
 static const struct jset_entry_ops bch2_jset_entry_ops[] = {
 #define x(f, nr)                                               \
        [BCH_JSET_ENTRY_##f]    = (struct jset_entry_ops) {     \
-               .validate       = journal_entry_validate_##f,   \
+               .validate       = journal_entry_##f##_validate, \
+               .to_text        = journal_entry_##f##_to_text,  \
        },
        BCH_JSET_ENTRY_TYPES()
 #undef x
 };
 
-static int journal_entry_validate(struct bch_fs *c, struct jset *jset,
-                                 struct jset_entry *entry, int write)
+int bch2_journal_entry_validate(struct bch_fs *c, const char *where,
+                               struct jset_entry *entry,
+                               unsigned version, int big_endian, int write)
 {
        return entry->type < BCH_JSET_ENTRY_NR
-               ? bch2_jset_entry_ops[entry->type].validate(c, jset,
-                                                           entry, write)
+               ? bch2_jset_entry_ops[entry->type].validate(c, where, entry,
+                               version, big_endian, write)
                : 0;
 }
 
+void bch2_journal_entry_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                               struct jset_entry *entry)
+{
+       if (entry->type < BCH_JSET_ENTRY_NR) {
+               pr_buf(out, "%s: ", bch2_jset_entry_types[entry->type]);
+               bch2_jset_entry_ops[entry->type].to_text(out, c, entry);
+       } else {
+               pr_buf(out, "(unknown type %u)", entry->type);
+       }
+}
+
 static int jset_validate_entries(struct bch_fs *c, struct jset *jset,
                                 int write)
 {
+       char buf[100];
        struct jset_entry *entry;
        int ret = 0;
 
        vstruct_for_each(jset, entry) {
+               scnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "jset %llu entry offset %zi/%u",
+                         le64_to_cpu(jset->seq),
+                         (u64 *) entry - jset->_data,
+                         le32_to_cpu(jset->u64s));
+
                if (journal_entry_err_on(vstruct_next(entry) >
                                         vstruct_last(jset), c,
                                "journal entry extends past end of jset")) {
@@ -381,7 +670,9 @@ static int jset_validate_entries(struct bch_fs *c, struct jset *jset,
                        break;
                }
 
-               ret = journal_entry_validate(c, jset, entry, write);
+               ret = bch2_journal_entry_validate(c, buf, entry,
+                                       le32_to_cpu(jset->version),
+                                       JSET_BIG_ENDIAN(jset), write);
                if (ret)
                        break;
        }
@@ -390,6 +681,7 @@ fsck_err:
 }
 
 static int jset_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
+                        struct bch_dev *ca,
                         struct jset *jset, u64 sector,
                         unsigned bucket_sectors_left,
                         unsigned sectors_read,
@@ -404,49 +696,76 @@ static int jset_validate(struct bch_fs *c,
                return JOURNAL_ENTRY_NONE;
 
        version = le32_to_cpu(jset->version);
-       if ((version != BCH_JSET_VERSION_OLD &&
-            version < bcachefs_metadata_version_min) ||
-           version >= bcachefs_metadata_version_max) {
-               bch_err(c, "unknown journal entry version %u", jset->version);
-               return BCH_FSCK_UNKNOWN_VERSION;
+       if (journal_entry_err_on((version != BCH_JSET_VERSION_OLD &&
+                                 version < bcachefs_metadata_version_min) ||
+                                version >= bcachefs_metadata_version_max, c,
+                       "%s sector %llu seq %llu: unknown journal entry version %u",
+                       ca ? ca->name : c->name,
+                       sector, le64_to_cpu(jset->seq),
+                       version)) {
+               /* don't try to continue: */
+               return EINVAL;
        }
 
+       if (bytes > (sectors_read << 9) &&
+           sectors_read < bucket_sectors_left)
+               return JOURNAL_ENTRY_REREAD;
+
        if (journal_entry_err_on(bytes > bucket_sectors_left << 9, c,
-                                "journal entry too big (%zu bytes), sector %lluu",
-                                bytes, sector)) {
-               /* XXX: note we might have missing journal entries */
-               return JOURNAL_ENTRY_BAD;
+                       "%s sector %llu seq %llu: journal entry too big (%zu bytes)",
+                       ca ? ca->name : c->name,
+                       sector, le64_to_cpu(jset->seq), bytes)) {
+               ret = JOURNAL_ENTRY_BAD;
+               le32_add_cpu(&jset->u64s,
+                            -((bytes - (bucket_sectors_left << 9)) / 8));
        }
 
-       if (bytes > sectors_read << 9)
-               return JOURNAL_ENTRY_REREAD;
+       if (journal_entry_err_on(!bch2_checksum_type_valid(c, JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset)), c,
+                       "%s sector %llu seq %llu: journal entry with unknown csum type %llu",
+                       ca ? ca->name : c->name,
+                       sector, le64_to_cpu(jset->seq),
+                       JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset))) {
+               ret = JOURNAL_ENTRY_BAD;
+               goto csum_done;
+       }
 
-       if (fsck_err_on(!bch2_checksum_type_valid(c, JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset)), c,
-                       "journal entry with unknown csum type %llu sector %lluu",
-                       JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset), sector))
-               return JOURNAL_ENTRY_BAD;
+       if (write)
+               goto csum_done;
 
        csum = csum_vstruct(c, JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset), journal_nonce(jset), jset);
        if (journal_entry_err_on(bch2_crc_cmp(csum, jset->csum), c,
-                                "journal checksum bad, sector %llu", sector)) {
-               /* XXX: retry IO, when we start retrying checksum errors */
-               /* XXX: note we might have missing journal entries */
-               return JOURNAL_ENTRY_BAD;
-       }
+                                "%s sector %llu seq %llu: journal checksum bad",
+                                ca ? ca->name : c->name,
+                                sector, le64_to_cpu(jset->seq)))
+               ret = JOURNAL_ENTRY_BAD;
 
-       bch2_encrypt(c, JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset), journal_nonce(jset),
+       ret = bch2_encrypt(c, JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset), journal_nonce(jset),
                     jset->encrypted_start,
                     vstruct_end(jset) - (void *) jset->encrypted_start);
-
-       if (journal_entry_err_on(le64_to_cpu(jset->last_seq) > le64_to_cpu(jset->seq), c,
-                                "invalid journal entry: last_seq > seq"))
+       bch2_fs_fatal_err_on(ret, c,
+                       "error decrypting journal entry: %i", ret);
+csum_done:
+       /* last_seq is ignored when JSET_NO_FLUSH is true */
+       if (journal_entry_err_on(!JSET_NO_FLUSH(jset) &&
+                                le64_to_cpu(jset->last_seq) > le64_to_cpu(jset->seq), c,
+                                "invalid journal entry: last_seq > seq (%llu > %llu)",
+                                le64_to_cpu(jset->last_seq),
+                                le64_to_cpu(jset->seq))) {
                jset->last_seq = jset->seq;
-
-       return 0;
+               return JOURNAL_ENTRY_BAD;
+       }
 fsck_err:
        return ret;
 }
 
+static int jset_validate_for_write(struct bch_fs *c, struct jset *jset)
+{
+       unsigned sectors = vstruct_sectors(jset, c->block_bits);
+
+       return jset_validate(c, NULL, jset, 0, sectors, sectors, WRITE) ?:
+               jset_validate_entries(c, jset, WRITE);
+}
+
 struct journal_read_buf {
        void            *data;
        size_t          size;
@@ -507,19 +826,27 @@ reread:
                        bio_put(bio);
 
                        if (bch2_dev_io_err_on(ret, ca,
-                                              "journal read from sector %llu",
+                                              "journal read error: sector %llu",
                                               offset) ||
-                           bch2_meta_read_fault("journal"))
-                               return -EIO;
+                           bch2_meta_read_fault("journal")) {
+                               /*
+                                * We don't error out of the recovery process
+                                * here, since the relevant journal entry may be
+                                * found on a different device, and missing or
+                                * no journal entries will be handled later
+                                */
+                               return 0;
+                       }
 
                        j = buf->data;
                }
 
-               ret = jset_validate(c, j, offset,
+               ret = jset_validate(c, ca, j, offset,
                                    end - offset, sectors_read,
                                    READ);
                switch (ret) {
                case BCH_FSCK_OK:
+                       sectors = vstruct_sectors(j, c->block_bits);
                        break;
                case JOURNAL_ENTRY_REREAD:
                        if (vstruct_bytes(j) > buf->size) {
@@ -532,12 +859,17 @@ reread:
                case JOURNAL_ENTRY_NONE:
                        if (!saw_bad)
                                return 0;
-                       sectors = c->opts.block_size;
+                       sectors = block_sectors(c);
                        goto next_block;
                case JOURNAL_ENTRY_BAD:
                        saw_bad = true;
-                       sectors = c->opts.block_size;
-                       goto next_block;
+                       /*
+                        * On checksum error we don't really trust the size
+                        * field of the journal entry we read, so try reading
+                        * again at next block boundary:
+                        */
+                       sectors = block_sectors(c);
+                       break;
                default:
                        return ret;
                }
@@ -554,7 +886,13 @@ reread:
                ja->bucket_seq[bucket] = le64_to_cpu(j->seq);
 
                mutex_lock(&jlist->lock);
-               ret = journal_entry_add(c, ca, jlist, j);
+               ret = journal_entry_add(c, ca, (struct journal_ptr) {
+                                       .dev            = ca->dev_idx,
+                                       .bucket         = bucket,
+                                       .bucket_offset  = offset -
+                                               bucket_to_sector(ca, ja->buckets[bucket]),
+                                       .sector         = offset,
+                                       }, jlist, j, ret != 0);
                mutex_unlock(&jlist->lock);
 
                switch (ret) {
@@ -565,8 +903,6 @@ reread:
                default:
                        return ret;
                }
-
-               sectors = vstruct_sectors(j, c->block_bits);
 next_block:
                pr_debug("next");
                offset          += sectors;
@@ -582,12 +918,15 @@ static void bch2_journal_read_device(struct closure *cl)
        struct journal_device *ja =
                container_of(cl, struct journal_device, read);
        struct bch_dev *ca = container_of(ja, struct bch_dev, journal);
+       struct bch_fs *c = ca->fs;
        struct journal_list *jlist =
                container_of(cl->parent, struct journal_list, cl);
+       struct journal_replay *r, **_r;
+       struct genradix_iter iter;
        struct journal_read_buf buf = { NULL, 0 };
        u64 min_seq = U64_MAX;
        unsigned i;
-       int ret;
+       int ret = 0;
 
        if (!ja->nr)
                goto out;
@@ -619,11 +958,42 @@ static void bch2_journal_read_device(struct closure *cl)
         * allocate
         */
        while (ja->bucket_seq[ja->cur_idx] > min_seq &&
-              ja->bucket_seq[ja->cur_idx] >
+              ja->bucket_seq[ja->cur_idx] ==
               ja->bucket_seq[(ja->cur_idx + 1) % ja->nr])
                ja->cur_idx = (ja->cur_idx + 1) % ja->nr;
 
-       ja->sectors_free = 0;
+       ja->sectors_free = ca->mi.bucket_size;
+
+       mutex_lock(&jlist->lock);
+       genradix_for_each(&c->journal_entries, iter, _r) {
+               r = *_r;
+
+               if (!r)
+                       continue;
+
+               for (i = 0; i < r->nr_ptrs; i++) {
+                       if (r->ptrs[i].dev == ca->dev_idx &&
+                           sector_to_bucket(ca, r->ptrs[i].sector) == ja->buckets[ja->cur_idx]) {
+                               unsigned wrote = bucket_remainder(ca, r->ptrs[i].sector) +
+                                       vstruct_sectors(&r->j, c->block_bits);
+
+                               ja->sectors_free = min(ja->sectors_free,
+                                                      ca->mi.bucket_size - wrote);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&jlist->lock);
+
+       if (ja->bucket_seq[ja->cur_idx] &&
+           ja->sectors_free == ca->mi.bucket_size) {
+               bch_err(c, "ja->sectors_free == ca->mi.bucket_size");
+               bch_err(c, "cur_idx %u/%u", ja->cur_idx, ja->nr);
+               for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+                       unsigned idx = (ja->cur_idx + ja->nr - 1 + i) % ja->nr;
+                       bch_err(c, "bucket_seq[%u] = %llu", idx, ja->bucket_seq[idx]);
+               }
+               ja->sectors_free = 0;
+       }
 
        /*
         * Set dirty_idx to indicate the entire journal is full and needs to be
@@ -633,6 +1003,7 @@ static void bch2_journal_read_device(struct closure *cl)
        ja->discard_idx = ja->dirty_idx_ondisk =
                ja->dirty_idx = (ja->cur_idx + 1) % ja->nr;
 out:
+       bch_verbose(c, "journal read done on device %s, ret %i", ca->name, ret);
        kvpfree(buf.data, buf.size);
        percpu_ref_put(&ca->io_ref);
        closure_return(cl);
@@ -644,28 +1015,52 @@ err:
        goto out;
 }
 
-int bch2_journal_read(struct bch_fs *c, struct list_head *list)
+void bch2_journal_ptrs_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_fs *c,
+                              struct journal_replay *j)
+{
+       unsigned i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < j->nr_ptrs; i++) {
+               struct bch_dev *ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, j->ptrs[i].dev);
+               u64 offset;
+
+               div64_u64_rem(j->ptrs[i].sector, ca->mi.bucket_size, &offset);
+
+               if (i)
+                       pr_buf(out, " ");
+               pr_buf(out, "%u:%u:%u (sector %llu)",
+                      j->ptrs[i].dev,
+                      j->ptrs[i].bucket,
+                      j->ptrs[i].bucket_offset,
+                      j->ptrs[i].sector);
+       }
+}
+
+int bch2_journal_read(struct bch_fs *c, u64 *blacklist_seq, u64 *start_seq)
 {
        struct journal_list jlist;
-       struct journal_replay *i;
+       struct journal_replay *i, **_i, *prev = NULL;
+       struct genradix_iter radix_iter;
        struct bch_dev *ca;
        unsigned iter;
+       struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
        size_t keys = 0, entries = 0;
        bool degraded = false;
+       u64 seq, last_seq = 0;
        int ret = 0;
 
        closure_init_stack(&jlist.cl);
        mutex_init(&jlist.lock);
-       jlist.head = list;
+       jlist.last_seq = 0;
        jlist.ret = 0;
 
        for_each_member_device(ca, c, iter) {
-               if (!test_bit(BCH_FS_REBUILD_REPLICAS, &c->flags) &&
-                   !(bch2_dev_has_data(c, ca) & (1 << BCH_DATA_JOURNAL)))
+               if (!c->opts.fsck &&
+                   !(bch2_dev_has_data(c, ca) & (1 << BCH_DATA_journal)))
                        continue;
 
-               if ((ca->mi.state == BCH_MEMBER_STATE_RW ||
-                    ca->mi.state == BCH_MEMBER_STATE_RO) &&
+               if ((ca->mi.state == BCH_MEMBER_STATE_rw ||
+                    ca->mi.state == BCH_MEMBER_STATE_ro) &&
                    percpu_ref_tryget(&ca->io_ref))
                        closure_call(&ca->journal.read,
                                     bch2_journal_read_device,
@@ -680,32 +1075,149 @@ int bch2_journal_read(struct bch_fs *c, struct list_head *list)
        if (jlist.ret)
                return jlist.ret;
 
-       list_for_each_entry(i, list, list) {
+       *start_seq = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * Find most recent flush entry, and ignore newer non flush entries -
+        * those entries will be blacklisted:
+        */
+       genradix_for_each_reverse(&c->journal_entries, radix_iter, _i) {
+               i = *_i;
+
+               if (!i || i->ignore)
+                       continue;
+
+               if (!*start_seq)
+                       *start_seq = le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq) + 1;
+
+               if (!JSET_NO_FLUSH(&i->j)) {
+                       last_seq        = le64_to_cpu(i->j.last_seq);
+                       *blacklist_seq  = le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq) + 1;
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               journal_replay_free(c, i);
+       }
+
+       if (!*start_seq) {
+               bch_info(c, "journal read done, but no entries found");
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (!last_seq) {
+               fsck_err(c, "journal read done, but no entries found after dropping non-flushes");
+               ret = -1;
+               goto err;
+       }
+
+       /* Drop blacklisted entries and entries older than last_seq: */
+       genradix_for_each(&c->journal_entries, radix_iter, _i) {
+               i = *_i;
+
+               if (!i || i->ignore)
+                       continue;
+
+               seq = le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq);
+               if (seq < last_seq) {
+                       journal_replay_free(c, i);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (bch2_journal_seq_is_blacklisted(c, seq, true)) {
+                       fsck_err_on(!JSET_NO_FLUSH(&i->j), c,
+                                   "found blacklisted journal entry %llu", seq);
+
+                       journal_replay_free(c, i);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Check for missing entries: */
+       seq = last_seq;
+       genradix_for_each(&c->journal_entries, radix_iter, _i) {
+               i = *_i;
+
+               if (!i || i->ignore)
+                       continue;
+
+               BUG_ON(seq > le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq));
+
+               while (seq < le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq)) {
+                       u64 missing_start, missing_end;
+                       struct printbuf buf1 = PRINTBUF, buf2 = PRINTBUF;
+
+                       while (seq < le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq) &&
+                              bch2_journal_seq_is_blacklisted(c, seq, false))
+                               seq++;
+
+                       if (seq == le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq))
+                               break;
+
+                       missing_start = seq;
+
+                       while (seq < le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq) &&
+                              !bch2_journal_seq_is_blacklisted(c, seq, false))
+                               seq++;
+
+                       if (prev) {
+                               bch2_journal_ptrs_to_text(&buf1, c, prev);
+                               pr_buf(&buf1, " size %zu", vstruct_sectors(&prev->j, c->block_bits));
+                       } else
+                               pr_buf(&buf1, "(none)");
+                       bch2_journal_ptrs_to_text(&buf2, c, i);
+
+                       missing_end = seq - 1;
+                       fsck_err(c, "journal entries %llu-%llu missing! (replaying %llu-%llu)\n"
+                                "  prev at %s\n"
+                                "  next at %s",
+                                missing_start, missing_end,
+                                last_seq, *blacklist_seq - 1,
+                                buf1.buf, buf2.buf);
+
+                       printbuf_exit(&buf1);
+                       printbuf_exit(&buf2);
+               }
+
+               prev = i;
+               seq++;
+       }
+
+       genradix_for_each(&c->journal_entries, radix_iter, _i) {
                struct jset_entry *entry;
                struct bkey_i *k, *_n;
-               struct bch_replicas_padded replicas;
-               char buf[80];
+               struct bch_replicas_padded replicas = {
+                       .e.data_type = BCH_DATA_journal,
+                       .e.nr_required = 1,
+               };
+               unsigned ptr;
+
+               i = *_i;
+               if (!i || i->ignore)
+                       continue;
 
                ret = jset_validate_entries(c, &i->j, READ);
                if (ret)
-                       goto fsck_err;
+                       goto err;
+
+               for (ptr = 0; ptr < i->nr_ptrs; ptr++)
+                       replicas.e.devs[replicas.e.nr_devs++] = i->ptrs[ptr].dev;
+
+               bch2_replicas_entry_sort(&replicas.e);
 
                /*
                 * If we're mounting in degraded mode - if we didn't read all
                 * the devices - this is wrong:
                 */
 
-               bch2_devlist_to_replicas(&replicas.e, BCH_DATA_JOURNAL, i->devs);
+               printbuf_reset(&buf);
+               bch2_replicas_entry_to_text(&buf, &replicas.e);
 
                if (!degraded &&
-                   (test_bit(BCH_FS_REBUILD_REPLICAS, &c->flags) ||
-                    fsck_err_on(!bch2_replicas_marked(c, &replicas.e, false), c,
-                                "superblock not marked as containing replicas %s",
-                                (bch2_replicas_entry_to_text(&PBUF(buf),
-                                                             &replicas.e), buf)))) {
+                   fsck_err_on(!bch2_replicas_marked(c, &replicas.e), c,
+                               "superblock not marked as containing replicas %s",
+                               buf.buf)) {
                        ret = bch2_mark_replicas(c, &replicas.e);
                        if (ret)
-                               return ret;
+                               goto err;
                }
 
                for_each_jset_key(k, _n, entry, &i->j)
@@ -713,13 +1225,15 @@ int bch2_journal_read(struct bch_fs *c, struct list_head *list)
                entries++;
        }
 
-       if (!list_empty(list)) {
-               i = list_last_entry(list, struct journal_replay, list);
+       bch_info(c, "journal read done, %zu keys in %zu entries, seq %llu",
+                keys, entries, *start_seq);
 
-               bch_info(c, "journal read done, %zu keys in %zu entries, seq %llu",
-                        keys, entries, le64_to_cpu(i->j.seq));
-       }
+       if (*start_seq != *blacklist_seq)
+               bch_info(c, "dropped unflushed entries %llu-%llu",
+                        *blacklist_seq, *start_seq - 1);
+err:
 fsck_err:
+       printbuf_exit(&buf);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -752,14 +1266,14 @@ static void __journal_write_alloc(struct journal *j,
                 * it:
                 */
                if (!ca->mi.durability ||
-                   ca->mi.state != BCH_MEMBER_STATE_RW ||
+                   ca->mi.state != BCH_MEMBER_STATE_rw ||
                    !ja->nr ||
                    bch2_bkey_has_device(bkey_i_to_s_c(&w->key),
                                         ca->dev_idx) ||
                    sectors > ja->sectors_free)
                        continue;
 
-               bch2_dev_stripe_increment(c, ca, &j->wp.stripe);
+               bch2_dev_stripe_increment(ca, &j->wp.stripe);
 
                bch2_bkey_append_ptr(&w->key,
                        (struct bch_extent_ptr) {
@@ -787,16 +1301,20 @@ static int journal_write_alloc(struct journal *j, struct journal_buf *w,
                               unsigned sectors)
 {
        struct bch_fs *c = container_of(j, struct bch_fs, journal);
+       struct bch_devs_mask devs;
        struct journal_device *ja;
        struct bch_dev *ca;
        struct dev_alloc_list devs_sorted;
+       unsigned target = c->opts.metadata_target ?:
+               c->opts.foreground_target;
        unsigned i, replicas = 0, replicas_want =
                READ_ONCE(c->opts.metadata_replicas);
 
        rcu_read_lock();
+retry:
+       devs = target_rw_devs(c, BCH_DATA_journal, target);
 
-       devs_sorted = bch2_dev_alloc_list(c, &j->wp.stripe,
-                                         &c->rw_devs[BCH_DATA_JOURNAL]);
+       devs_sorted = bch2_dev_alloc_list(c, &j->wp.stripe, &devs);
 
        __journal_write_alloc(j, w, &devs_sorted,
                              sectors, &replicas, replicas_want);
@@ -828,53 +1346,18 @@ static int journal_write_alloc(struct journal *j, struct journal_buf *w,
 
        __journal_write_alloc(j, w, &devs_sorted,
                              sectors, &replicas, replicas_want);
+
+       if (replicas < replicas_want && target) {
+               /* Retry from all devices: */
+               target = 0;
+               goto retry;
+       }
 done:
        rcu_read_unlock();
 
-       return replicas >= c->opts.metadata_replicas_required ? 0 : -EROFS;
-}
-
-static void journal_write_compact(struct jset *jset)
-{
-       struct jset_entry *i, *next, *prev = NULL;
-
-       /*
-        * Simple compaction, dropping empty jset_entries (from journal
-        * reservations that weren't fully used) and merging jset_entries that
-        * can be.
-        *
-        * If we wanted to be really fancy here, we could sort all the keys in
-        * the jset and drop keys that were overwritten - probably not worth it:
-        */
-       vstruct_for_each_safe(jset, i, next) {
-               unsigned u64s = le16_to_cpu(i->u64s);
+       BUG_ON(bkey_val_u64s(&w->key.k) > BCH_REPLICAS_MAX);
 
-               /* Empty entry: */
-               if (!u64s)
-                       continue;
-
-               /* Can we merge with previous entry? */
-               if (prev &&
-                   i->btree_id == prev->btree_id &&
-                   i->level    == prev->level &&
-                   i->type     == prev->type &&
-                   i->type     == BCH_JSET_ENTRY_btree_keys &&
-                   le16_to_cpu(prev->u64s) + u64s <= U16_MAX) {
-                       memmove_u64s_down(vstruct_next(prev),
-                                         i->_data,
-                                         u64s);
-                       le16_add_cpu(&prev->u64s, u64s);
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               /* Couldn't merge, move i into new position (after prev): */
-               prev = prev ? vstruct_next(prev) : jset->start;
-               if (i != prev)
-                       memmove_u64s_down(prev, i, jset_u64s(u64s));
-       }
-
-       prev = prev ? vstruct_next(prev) : jset->start;
-       jset->u64s = cpu_to_le32((u64 *) prev - jset->_data);
+       return replicas >= c->opts.metadata_replicas_required ? 0 : -EROFS;
 }
 
 static void journal_buf_realloc(struct journal *j, struct journal_buf *buf)
@@ -891,41 +1374,65 @@ static void journal_buf_realloc(struct journal *j, struct journal_buf *buf)
                return;
 
        memcpy(new_buf, buf->data, buf->buf_size);
-       kvpfree(buf->data, buf->buf_size);
-       buf->data       = new_buf;
-       buf->buf_size   = new_size;
+
+       spin_lock(&j->lock);
+       swap(buf->data,         new_buf);
+       swap(buf->buf_size,     new_size);
+       spin_unlock(&j->lock);
+
+       kvpfree(new_buf, new_size);
+}
+
+static inline struct journal_buf *journal_last_unwritten_buf(struct journal *j)
+{
+       return j->buf + (journal_last_unwritten_seq(j) & JOURNAL_BUF_MASK);
 }
 
 static void journal_write_done(struct closure *cl)
 {
        struct journal *j = container_of(cl, struct journal, io);
        struct bch_fs *c = container_of(j, struct bch_fs, journal);
-       struct journal_buf *w = journal_prev_buf(j);
-       struct bch_devs_list devs =
-               bch2_bkey_devs(bkey_i_to_s_c(&w->key));
+       struct journal_buf *w = journal_last_unwritten_buf(j);
        struct bch_replicas_padded replicas;
-       u64 seq = le64_to_cpu(w->data->seq);
-       u64 last_seq = le64_to_cpu(w->data->last_seq);
+       union journal_res_state old, new;
+       u64 v, seq;
+       int err = 0;
 
-       bch2_time_stats_update(j->write_time, j->write_start_time);
+       bch2_time_stats_update(!JSET_NO_FLUSH(w->data)
+                              ? j->flush_write_time
+                              : j->noflush_write_time, j->write_start_time);
 
-       if (!devs.nr) {
+       if (!w->devs_written.nr) {
                bch_err(c, "unable to write journal to sufficient devices");
-               goto err;
+               err = -EIO;
+       } else {
+               bch2_devlist_to_replicas(&replicas.e, BCH_DATA_journal,
+                                        w->devs_written);
+               if (bch2_mark_replicas(c, &replicas.e))
+                       err = -EIO;
        }
 
-       bch2_devlist_to_replicas(&replicas.e, BCH_DATA_JOURNAL, devs);
-
-       if (bch2_mark_replicas(c, &replicas.e))
-               goto err;
+       if (err)
+               bch2_fatal_error(c);
 
        spin_lock(&j->lock);
+       seq = le64_to_cpu(w->data->seq);
+
        if (seq >= j->pin.front)
-               journal_seq_pin(j, seq)->devs = devs;
+               journal_seq_pin(j, seq)->devs = w->devs_written;
+
+       if (!err) {
+               if (!JSET_NO_FLUSH(w->data)) {
+                       j->flushed_seq_ondisk = seq;
+                       j->last_seq_ondisk = w->last_seq;
+
+                       bch2_do_discards(c);
+                       closure_wake_up(&c->freelist_wait);
+               }
+       } else if (!j->err_seq || seq < j->err_seq)
+               j->err_seq      = seq;
 
        j->seq_ondisk           = seq;
-       j->last_seq_ondisk      = last_seq;
-       bch2_journal_space_available(j);
 
        /*
         * Updating last_seq_ondisk may let bch2_journal_reclaim_work() discard
@@ -934,40 +1441,59 @@ static void journal_write_done(struct closure *cl)
         * Must come before signaling write completion, for
         * bch2_fs_journal_stop():
         */
-       mod_delayed_work(c->journal_reclaim_wq, &j->reclaim_work, 0);
-out:
+       if (j->watermark)
+               journal_reclaim_kick(&c->journal);
+
        /* also must come before signalling write completion: */
        closure_debug_destroy(cl);
 
-       BUG_ON(!j->reservations.prev_buf_unwritten);
-       atomic64_sub(((union journal_res_state) { .prev_buf_unwritten = 1 }).v,
-                    &j->reservations.counter);
+       v = atomic64_read(&j->reservations.counter);
+       do {
+               old.v = new.v = v;
+               BUG_ON(journal_state_count(new, new.unwritten_idx));
+
+               new.unwritten_idx++;
+       } while ((v = atomic64_cmpxchg(&j->reservations.counter,
+                                      old.v, new.v)) != old.v);
+
+       bch2_journal_space_available(j);
 
        closure_wake_up(&w->wait);
        journal_wake(j);
 
-       if (test_bit(JOURNAL_NEED_WRITE, &j->flags))
-               mod_delayed_work(system_freezable_wq, &j->write_work, 0);
+       if (!journal_state_count(new, new.unwritten_idx) &&
+           journal_last_unwritten_seq(j) <= journal_cur_seq(j)) {
+               closure_call(&j->io, bch2_journal_write, c->io_complete_wq, NULL);
+       } else if (journal_last_unwritten_seq(j) == journal_cur_seq(j) &&
+                  new.cur_entry_offset < JOURNAL_ENTRY_CLOSED_VAL) {
+               struct journal_buf *buf = journal_cur_buf(j);
+               long delta = buf->expires - jiffies;
+
+               /*
+                * We don't close a journal entry to write it while there's
+                * previous entries still in flight - the current journal entry
+                * might want to be written now:
+                */
+
+               mod_delayed_work(c->io_complete_wq, &j->write_work, max(0L, delta));
+       }
+
        spin_unlock(&j->lock);
-       return;
-err:
-       bch2_fatal_error(c);
-       spin_lock(&j->lock);
-       goto out;
 }
 
 static void journal_write_endio(struct bio *bio)
 {
        struct bch_dev *ca = bio->bi_private;
        struct journal *j = &ca->fs->journal;
+       struct journal_buf *w = journal_last_unwritten_buf(j);
+       unsigned long flags;
 
-       if (bch2_dev_io_err_on(bio->bi_status, ca, "journal write") ||
+       if (bch2_dev_io_err_on(bio->bi_status, ca, "error writing journal entry %llu: %s",
+                              le64_to_cpu(w->data->seq),
+                              bch2_blk_status_to_str(bio->bi_status)) ||
            bch2_meta_write_fault("journal")) {
-               struct journal_buf *w = journal_prev_buf(j);
-               unsigned long flags;
-
                spin_lock_irqsave(&j->err_lock, flags);
-               bch2_bkey_drop_device(bkey_i_to_s(&w->key), ca->dev_idx);
+               bch2_dev_list_drop_dev(&w->devs_written, ca->dev_idx);
                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&j->err_lock, flags);
        }
 
@@ -975,27 +1501,95 @@ static void journal_write_endio(struct bio *bio)
        percpu_ref_put(&ca->io_ref);
 }
 
+static void do_journal_write(struct closure *cl)
+{
+       struct journal *j = container_of(cl, struct journal, io);
+       struct bch_fs *c = container_of(j, struct bch_fs, journal);
+       struct bch_dev *ca;
+       struct journal_buf *w = journal_last_unwritten_buf(j);
+       struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr;
+       struct bio *bio;
+       unsigned sectors = vstruct_sectors(w->data, c->block_bits);
+
+       extent_for_each_ptr(bkey_i_to_s_extent(&w->key), ptr) {
+               ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, ptr->dev);
+               if (!percpu_ref_tryget(&ca->io_ref)) {
+                       /* XXX: fix this */
+                       bch_err(c, "missing device for journal write\n");
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               this_cpu_add(ca->io_done->sectors[WRITE][BCH_DATA_journal],
+                            sectors);
+
+               bio = ca->journal.bio;
+               bio_reset(bio);
+               bio_set_dev(bio, ca->disk_sb.bdev);
+               bio->bi_iter.bi_sector  = ptr->offset;
+               bio->bi_end_io          = journal_write_endio;
+               bio->bi_private         = ca;
+               bio->bi_opf             = REQ_OP_WRITE|REQ_SYNC|REQ_META;
+
+               BUG_ON(bio->bi_iter.bi_sector == ca->prev_journal_sector);
+               ca->prev_journal_sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
+
+               if (!JSET_NO_FLUSH(w->data))
+                       bio->bi_opf    |= REQ_FUA;
+               if (!JSET_NO_FLUSH(w->data) && !w->separate_flush)
+                       bio->bi_opf    |= REQ_PREFLUSH;
+
+               bch2_bio_map(bio, w->data, sectors << 9);
+
+               trace_journal_write(bio);
+               closure_bio_submit(bio, cl);
+
+               ca->journal.bucket_seq[ca->journal.cur_idx] =
+                       le64_to_cpu(w->data->seq);
+       }
+
+       continue_at(cl, journal_write_done, c->io_complete_wq);
+       return;
+}
+
 void bch2_journal_write(struct closure *cl)
 {
        struct journal *j = container_of(cl, struct journal, io);
        struct bch_fs *c = container_of(j, struct bch_fs, journal);
        struct bch_dev *ca;
-       struct journal_buf *w = journal_prev_buf(j);
+       struct journal_buf *w = journal_last_unwritten_buf(j);
        struct jset_entry *start, *end;
        struct jset *jset;
        struct bio *bio;
-       struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr;
+       struct printbuf journal_debug_buf = PRINTBUF;
        bool validate_before_checksum = false;
-       unsigned i, sectors, bytes, u64s;
+       unsigned i, sectors, bytes, u64s, nr_rw_members = 0;
        int ret;
 
-       bch2_journal_pin_put(j, le64_to_cpu(w->data->seq));
+       BUG_ON(BCH_SB_CLEAN(c->disk_sb.sb));
 
        journal_buf_realloc(j, w);
        jset = w->data;
 
        j->write_start_time = local_clock();
 
+       spin_lock(&j->lock);
+       if (bch2_journal_error(j) ||
+           w->noflush ||
+           (!w->must_flush &&
+            (jiffies - j->last_flush_write) < msecs_to_jiffies(c->opts.journal_flush_delay) &&
+            test_bit(JOURNAL_MAY_SKIP_FLUSH, &j->flags))) {
+               w->noflush = true;
+               SET_JSET_NO_FLUSH(jset, true);
+               jset->last_seq  = 0;
+               w->last_seq     = 0;
+
+               j->nr_noflush_writes++;
+       } else {
+               j->last_flush_write = jiffies;
+               j->nr_flush_writes++;
+       }
+       spin_unlock(&j->lock);
+
        /*
         * New btree roots are set by journalling them; when the journal entry
         * gets written we have to propagate them to c->btree_roots
@@ -1012,46 +1606,47 @@ void bch2_journal_write(struct closure *cl)
 
        end     = bch2_btree_roots_to_journal_entries(c, jset->start, end);
 
-       end     = bch2_journal_super_entries_add_common(c, end,
-                                               le64_to_cpu(jset->seq));
+       bch2_journal_super_entries_add_common(c, &end,
+                               le64_to_cpu(jset->seq));
        u64s    = (u64 *) end - (u64 *) start;
        BUG_ON(u64s > j->entry_u64s_reserved);
 
        le32_add_cpu(&jset->u64s, u64s);
        BUG_ON(vstruct_sectors(jset, c->block_bits) > w->sectors);
 
-       journal_write_compact(jset);
-
-       jset->read_clock        = cpu_to_le16(c->bucket_clock[READ].hand);
-       jset->write_clock       = cpu_to_le16(c->bucket_clock[WRITE].hand);
        jset->magic             = cpu_to_le64(jset_magic(c));
-
-       jset->version           = c->sb.version < bcachefs_metadata_version_new_versioning
+       jset->version           = c->sb.version < bcachefs_metadata_version_bkey_renumber
                ? cpu_to_le32(BCH_JSET_VERSION_OLD)
                : cpu_to_le32(c->sb.version);
 
        SET_JSET_BIG_ENDIAN(jset, CPU_BIG_ENDIAN);
        SET_JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset, bch2_meta_checksum_type(c));
 
+       if (!JSET_NO_FLUSH(jset) && journal_entry_empty(jset))
+               j->last_empty_seq = le64_to_cpu(jset->seq);
+
        if (bch2_csum_type_is_encryption(JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset)))
                validate_before_checksum = true;
 
-       if (le32_to_cpu(jset->version) < bcachefs_metadata_version_max)
+       if (le32_to_cpu(jset->version) < bcachefs_metadata_version_current)
                validate_before_checksum = true;
 
        if (validate_before_checksum &&
-           jset_validate_entries(c, jset, WRITE))
+           jset_validate_for_write(c, jset))
                goto err;
 
-       bch2_encrypt(c, JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset), journal_nonce(jset),
+       ret = bch2_encrypt(c, JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset), journal_nonce(jset),
                    jset->encrypted_start,
                    vstruct_end(jset) - (void *) jset->encrypted_start);
+       if (bch2_fs_fatal_err_on(ret, c,
+                       "error decrypting journal entry: %i", ret))
+               goto err;
 
        jset->csum = csum_vstruct(c, JSET_CSUM_TYPE(jset),
                                  journal_nonce(jset), jset);
 
        if (!validate_before_checksum &&
-           jset_validate_entries(c, jset, WRITE))
+           jset_validate_for_write(c, jset))
                goto err;
 
        sectors = vstruct_sectors(jset, c->block_bits);
@@ -1070,6 +1665,9 @@ retry_alloc:
                goto retry_alloc;
        }
 
+       if (ret)
+               __bch2_journal_debug_to_text(&journal_debug_buf, j);
+
        /*
         * write is allocated, no longer need to account for it in
         * bch2_journal_space_available():
@@ -1084,49 +1682,27 @@ retry_alloc:
        spin_unlock(&j->lock);
 
        if (ret) {
-               bch_err(c, "Unable to allocate journal write");
+               bch_err(c, "Unable to allocate journal write:\n%s",
+                       journal_debug_buf.buf);
+               printbuf_exit(&journal_debug_buf);
                bch2_fatal_error(c);
-               continue_at(cl, journal_write_done, system_highpri_wq);
+               continue_at(cl, journal_write_done, c->io_complete_wq);
                return;
        }
 
-       /*
-        * XXX: we really should just disable the entire journal in nochanges
-        * mode
-        */
+       w->devs_written = bch2_bkey_devs(bkey_i_to_s_c(&w->key));
+
        if (c->opts.nochanges)
                goto no_io;
 
-       extent_for_each_ptr(bkey_i_to_s_extent(&w->key), ptr) {
-               ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, ptr->dev);
-               if (!percpu_ref_tryget(&ca->io_ref)) {
-                       /* XXX: fix this */
-                       bch_err(c, "missing device for journal write\n");
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               this_cpu_add(ca->io_done->sectors[WRITE][BCH_DATA_JOURNAL],
-                            sectors);
-
-               bio = ca->journal.bio;
-               bio_reset(bio);
-               bio_set_dev(bio, ca->disk_sb.bdev);
-               bio->bi_iter.bi_sector  = ptr->offset;
-               bio->bi_end_io          = journal_write_endio;
-               bio->bi_private         = ca;
-               bio_set_op_attrs(bio, REQ_OP_WRITE,
-                                REQ_SYNC|REQ_META|REQ_PREFLUSH|REQ_FUA);
-               bch2_bio_map(bio, jset, sectors << 9);
-
-               trace_journal_write(bio);
-               closure_bio_submit(bio, cl);
+       for_each_rw_member(ca, c, i)
+               nr_rw_members++;
 
-               ca->journal.bucket_seq[ca->journal.cur_idx] = le64_to_cpu(jset->seq);
-       }
+       if (nr_rw_members > 1)
+               w->separate_flush = true;
 
-       for_each_rw_member(ca, c, i)
-               if (journal_flushes_device(ca) &&
-                   !bch2_bkey_has_device(bkey_i_to_s_c(&w->key), i)) {
+       if (!JSET_NO_FLUSH(jset) && w->separate_flush) {
+               for_each_rw_member(ca, c, i) {
                        percpu_ref_get(&ca->io_ref);
 
                        bio = ca->journal.bio;
@@ -1137,13 +1713,14 @@ retry_alloc:
                        bio->bi_private         = ca;
                        closure_bio_submit(bio, cl);
                }
+       }
 
+       continue_at(cl, do_journal_write, c->io_complete_wq);
+       return;
 no_io:
-       bch2_bucket_seq_cleanup(c);
-
-       continue_at(cl, journal_write_done, system_highpri_wq);
+       continue_at(cl, journal_write_done, c->io_complete_wq);
        return;
 err:
-       bch2_inconsistent_error(c);
-       continue_at(cl, journal_write_done, system_highpri_wq);
+       bch2_fatal_error(c);
+       continue_at(cl, journal_write_done, c->io_complete_wq);
 }