]> git.sesse.net Git - bcachefs-tools-debian/blobdiff - libbcachefs/super-io.c
Update bcachefs sources to 5241335413 bcachefs: Fix for spinning in journal reclaim...
[bcachefs-tools-debian] / libbcachefs / super-io.c
index abcc933db439409c5a82e1189912ccfc0af0a38d..78835bd2d6bc4e0c95c96f68d9d318eef47652e6 100644 (file)
@@ -1,9 +1,17 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 
 #include "bcachefs.h"
+#include "btree_update_interior.h"
+#include "buckets.h"
 #include "checksum.h"
+#include "disk_groups.h"
+#include "ec.h"
 #include "error.h"
 #include "io.h"
 #include "journal.h"
+#include "journal_seq_blacklist.h"
+#include "replicas.h"
+#include "quota.h"
 #include "super-io.h"
 #include "super.h"
 #include "vstructs.h"
 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
 #include <linux/sort.h>
 
-static int bch2_sb_replicas_to_cpu_replicas(struct bch_fs *);
-static const char *bch2_sb_validate_replicas(struct bch_sb *);
+const char * const bch2_sb_fields[] = {
+#define x(name, nr)    #name,
+       BCH_SB_FIELDS()
+#undef x
+       NULL
+};
 
-static inline void __bch2_sb_layout_size_assert(void)
-{
-       BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct bch_sb_layout) != 512);
-}
+static const char *bch2_sb_field_validate(struct bch_sb *,
+                                         struct bch_sb_field *);
 
 struct bch_sb_field *bch2_sb_field_get(struct bch_sb *sb,
                                      enum bch_sb_field_type type)
@@ -32,7 +42,58 @@ struct bch_sb_field *bch2_sb_field_get(struct bch_sb *sb,
        return NULL;
 }
 
-void bch2_free_super(struct bcache_superblock *sb)
+static struct bch_sb_field *__bch2_sb_field_resize(struct bch_sb_handle *sb,
+                                                  struct bch_sb_field *f,
+                                                  unsigned u64s)
+{
+       unsigned old_u64s = f ? le32_to_cpu(f->u64s) : 0;
+       unsigned sb_u64s = le32_to_cpu(sb->sb->u64s) + u64s - old_u64s;
+
+       BUG_ON(get_order(__vstruct_bytes(struct bch_sb, sb_u64s)) >
+              sb->page_order);
+
+       if (!f && !u64s) {
+               /* nothing to do: */
+       } else if (!f) {
+               f = vstruct_last(sb->sb);
+               memset(f, 0, sizeof(u64) * u64s);
+               f->u64s = cpu_to_le32(u64s);
+               f->type = 0;
+       } else {
+               void *src, *dst;
+
+               src = vstruct_end(f);
+
+               if (u64s) {
+                       f->u64s = cpu_to_le32(u64s);
+                       dst = vstruct_end(f);
+               } else {
+                       dst = f;
+               }
+
+               memmove(dst, src, vstruct_end(sb->sb) - src);
+
+               if (dst > src)
+                       memset(src, 0, dst - src);
+       }
+
+       sb->sb->u64s = cpu_to_le32(sb_u64s);
+
+       return u64s ? f : NULL;
+}
+
+void bch2_sb_field_delete(struct bch_sb_handle *sb,
+                         enum bch_sb_field_type type)
+{
+       struct bch_sb_field *f = bch2_sb_field_get(sb->sb, type);
+
+       if (f)
+               __bch2_sb_field_resize(sb, f, 0);
+}
+
+/* Superblock realloc/free: */
+
+void bch2_free_super(struct bch_sb_handle *sb)
 {
        if (sb->bio)
                bio_put(sb->bio);
@@ -43,26 +104,45 @@ void bch2_free_super(struct bcache_superblock *sb)
        memset(sb, 0, sizeof(*sb));
 }
 
-static int __bch2_super_realloc(struct bcache_superblock *sb, unsigned order)
+int bch2_sb_realloc(struct bch_sb_handle *sb, unsigned u64s)
 {
+       size_t new_bytes = __vstruct_bytes(struct bch_sb, u64s);
+       unsigned order = get_order(new_bytes);
        struct bch_sb *new_sb;
        struct bio *bio;
 
+       if (sb->sb && sb->page_order >= order)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (sb->have_layout) {
+               u64 max_bytes = 512 << sb->sb->layout.sb_max_size_bits;
+
+               if (new_bytes > max_bytes) {
+                       char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+
+                       pr_err("%s: superblock too big: want %zu but have %llu",
+                              bdevname(sb->bdev, buf), new_bytes, max_bytes);
+                       return -ENOSPC;
+               }
+       }
+
        if (sb->page_order >= order && sb->sb)
                return 0;
 
        if (dynamic_fault("bcachefs:add:super_realloc"))
                return -ENOMEM;
 
-       bio = bio_kmalloc(GFP_KERNEL, 1 << order);
-       if (!bio)
-               return -ENOMEM;
+       if (sb->have_bio) {
+               bio = bio_kmalloc(GFP_KERNEL, 1 << order);
+               if (!bio)
+                       return -ENOMEM;
 
-       if (sb->bio)
-               bio_put(sb->bio);
-       sb->bio = bio;
+               if (sb->bio)
+                       bio_put(sb->bio);
+               sb->bio = bio;
+       }
 
-       new_sb = (void *) __get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL, order);
+       new_sb = (void *) __get_free_pages(GFP_NOFS|__GFP_ZERO, order);
        if (!new_sb)
                return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -77,77 +157,9 @@ static int __bch2_super_realloc(struct bcache_superblock *sb, unsigned order)
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int bch2_sb_realloc(struct bcache_superblock *sb, unsigned u64s)
-{
-       u64 new_bytes = __vstruct_bytes(struct bch_sb, u64s);
-       u64 max_bytes = 512 << sb->sb->layout.sb_max_size_bits;
-
-       if (new_bytes > max_bytes) {
-               char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
-
-               pr_err("%s: superblock too big: want %llu but have %llu",
-                      bdevname(sb->bdev, buf), new_bytes, max_bytes);
-               return -ENOSPC;
-       }
-
-       return __bch2_super_realloc(sb, get_order(new_bytes));
-}
-
-static int bch2_fs_sb_realloc(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned u64s)
-{
-       u64 bytes = __vstruct_bytes(struct bch_sb, u64s);
-       struct bch_sb *sb;
-       unsigned order = get_order(bytes);
-
-       if (c->disk_sb && order <= c->disk_sb_order)
-               return 0;
-
-       sb = (void *) __get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_ZERO, order);
-       if (!sb)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       if (c->disk_sb)
-               memcpy(sb, c->disk_sb, PAGE_SIZE << c->disk_sb_order);
-
-       free_pages((unsigned long) c->disk_sb, c->disk_sb_order);
-
-       c->disk_sb = sb;
-       c->disk_sb_order = order;
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static struct bch_sb_field *__bch2_sb_field_resize(struct bch_sb *sb,
-                                                 struct bch_sb_field *f,
-                                                 unsigned u64s)
-{
-       unsigned old_u64s = f ? le32_to_cpu(f->u64s) : 0;
-
-       if (!f) {
-               f = vstruct_last(sb);
-               memset(f, 0, sizeof(u64) * u64s);
-               f->u64s = cpu_to_le32(u64s);
-               f->type = 0;
-       } else {
-               void *src, *dst;
-
-               src = vstruct_end(f);
-               f->u64s = cpu_to_le32(u64s);
-               dst = vstruct_end(f);
-
-               memmove(dst, src, vstruct_end(sb) - src);
-
-               if (dst > src)
-                       memset(src, 0, dst - src);
-       }
-
-       le32_add_cpu(&sb->u64s, u64s - old_u64s);
-
-       return f;
-}
-
-struct bch_sb_field *bch2_sb_field_resize(struct bcache_superblock *sb,
-                                        enum bch_sb_field_type type,
-                                        unsigned u64s)
+struct bch_sb_field *bch2_sb_field_resize(struct bch_sb_handle *sb,
+                                         enum bch_sb_field_type type,
+                                         unsigned u64s)
 {
        struct bch_sb_field *f = bch2_sb_field_get(sb->sb, type);
        ssize_t old_u64s = f ? le32_to_cpu(f->u64s) : 0;
@@ -156,42 +168,39 @@ struct bch_sb_field *bch2_sb_field_resize(struct bcache_superblock *sb,
        if (bch2_sb_realloc(sb, le32_to_cpu(sb->sb->u64s) + d))
                return NULL;
 
-       f = __bch2_sb_field_resize(sb->sb, f, u64s);
-       f->type = type;
-       return f;
-}
+       if (sb->fs_sb) {
+               struct bch_fs *c = container_of(sb, struct bch_fs, disk_sb);
+               struct bch_dev *ca;
+               unsigned i;
 
-struct bch_sb_field *bch2_fs_sb_field_resize(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                           enum bch_sb_field_type type,
-                                           unsigned u64s)
-{
-       struct bch_sb_field *f = bch2_sb_field_get(c->disk_sb, type);
-       ssize_t old_u64s = f ? le32_to_cpu(f->u64s) : 0;
-       ssize_t d = -old_u64s + u64s;
-       struct bch_dev *ca;
-       unsigned i;
+               lockdep_assert_held(&c->sb_lock);
 
-       lockdep_assert_held(&c->sb_lock);
+               /* XXX: we're not checking that offline device have enough space */
 
-       if (bch2_fs_sb_realloc(c, le32_to_cpu(c->disk_sb->u64s) + d))
-               return NULL;
-
-       /* XXX: we're not checking that offline device have enough space */
-
-       for_each_online_member(ca, c, i) {
-               struct bcache_superblock *sb = &ca->disk_sb;
+               for_each_online_member(ca, c, i) {
+                       struct bch_sb_handle *sb = &ca->disk_sb;
 
-               if (bch2_sb_realloc(sb, le32_to_cpu(sb->sb->u64s) + d)) {
-                       percpu_ref_put(&ca->ref);
-                       return NULL;
+                       if (bch2_sb_realloc(sb, le32_to_cpu(sb->sb->u64s) + d)) {
+                               percpu_ref_put(&ca->ref);
+                               return NULL;
+                       }
                }
        }
 
-       f = __bch2_sb_field_resize(c->disk_sb, f, u64s);
-       f->type = type;
+       f = bch2_sb_field_get(sb->sb, type);
+       f = __bch2_sb_field_resize(sb, f, u64s);
+       if (f)
+               f->type = cpu_to_le32(type);
        return f;
 }
 
+/* Superblock validate: */
+
+static inline void __bch2_sb_layout_size_assert(void)
+{
+       BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct bch_sb_layout) != 512);
+}
+
 static const char *validate_sb_layout(struct bch_sb_layout *layout)
 {
        u64 offset, prev_offset, max_sectors;
@@ -224,107 +233,31 @@ static const char *validate_sb_layout(struct bch_sb_layout *layout)
        return NULL;
 }
 
-static int u64_cmp(const void *_l, const void *_r)
-{
-       u64 l = *((const u64 *) _l), r = *((const u64 *) _r);
-
-       return l < r ? -1 : l > r ? 1 : 0;
-}
-
-const char *bch2_sb_validate_journal(struct bch_sb *sb,
-                                    struct bch_member_cpu mi)
-{
-       struct bch_sb_field_journal *journal;
-       const char *err;
-       unsigned nr;
-       unsigned i;
-       u64 *b;
-
-       journal = bch2_sb_get_journal(sb);
-       if (!journal)
-               return NULL;
-
-       nr = bch2_nr_journal_buckets(journal);
-       if (!nr)
-               return NULL;
-
-       b = kmalloc_array(sizeof(u64), nr, GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!b)
-               return "cannot allocate memory";
-
-       for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
-               b[i] = le64_to_cpu(journal->buckets[i]);
-
-       sort(b, nr, sizeof(u64), u64_cmp, NULL);
-
-       err = "journal bucket at sector 0";
-       if (!b[0])
-               goto err;
-
-       err = "journal bucket before first bucket";
-       if (b[0] < mi.first_bucket)
-               goto err;
-
-       err = "journal bucket past end of device";
-       if (b[nr - 1] >= mi.nbuckets)
-               goto err;
-
-       err = "duplicate journal buckets";
-       for (i = 0; i + 1 < nr; i++)
-               if (b[i] == b[i + 1])
-                       goto err;
-
-       err = NULL;
-err:
-       kfree(b);
-       return err;
-}
-
-static const char *bch2_sb_validate_members(struct bch_sb *sb)
-{
-       struct bch_sb_field_members *mi;
-       unsigned i;
-
-       mi = bch2_sb_get_members(sb);
-       if (!mi)
-               return "Invalid superblock: member info area missing";
-
-       if ((void *) (mi->members + sb->nr_devices) >
-           vstruct_end(&mi->field))
-               return "Invalid superblock: bad member info";
-
-       for (i = 0; i < sb->nr_devices; i++) {
-               if (!bch2_dev_exists(sb, mi, i))
-                       continue;
-
-               if (le16_to_cpu(mi->members[i].bucket_size) <
-                   BCH_SB_BTREE_NODE_SIZE(sb))
-                       return "bucket size smaller than btree node size";
-       }
-
-       return NULL;
-}
-
-const char *bch2_sb_validate(struct bcache_superblock *disk_sb)
+const char *bch2_sb_validate(struct bch_sb_handle *disk_sb)
 {
        struct bch_sb *sb = disk_sb->sb;
        struct bch_sb_field *f;
-       struct bch_sb_field_members *sb_mi;
-       struct bch_member_cpu mi;
+       struct bch_sb_field_members *mi;
        const char *err;
+       u32 version, version_min;
        u16 block_size;
 
-       switch (le64_to_cpu(sb->version)) {
-       case BCACHE_SB_VERSION_CDEV_V4:
-               break;
-       default:
-               return"Unsupported superblock version";
-       }
+       version         = le16_to_cpu(sb->version);
+       version_min     = version >= bcachefs_metadata_version_new_versioning
+               ? le16_to_cpu(sb->version_min)
+               : version;
 
-       if (BCH_SB_INITIALIZED(sb) &&
-           le64_to_cpu(sb->version) != BCACHE_SB_VERSION_CDEV_V4)
+       if (version    >= bcachefs_metadata_version_max ||
+           version_min < bcachefs_metadata_version_min)
                return "Unsupported superblock version";
 
+       if (version_min > version)
+               return "Bad minimum version";
+
+       if (sb->features[1] ||
+           (le64_to_cpu(sb->features[0]) & (~0ULL << BCH_FEATURE_NR)))
+               return "Filesystem has incompatible features";
+
        block_size = le16_to_cpu(sb->block_size);
 
        if (!is_power_of_2(block_size) ||
@@ -340,7 +273,7 @@ const char *bch2_sb_validate(struct bcache_superblock *disk_sb)
        if (!sb->nr_devices ||
            sb->nr_devices <= sb->dev_idx ||
            sb->nr_devices > BCH_SB_MEMBERS_MAX)
-               return "Bad cache device number in set";
+               return "Bad number of member devices";
 
        if (!BCH_SB_META_REPLICAS_WANT(sb) ||
            BCH_SB_META_REPLICAS_WANT(sb) >= BCH_REPLICAS_MAX)
@@ -356,7 +289,16 @@ const char *bch2_sb_validate(struct bcache_superblock *disk_sb)
 
        if (!BCH_SB_DATA_REPLICAS_REQ(sb) ||
            BCH_SB_DATA_REPLICAS_REQ(sb) >= BCH_REPLICAS_MAX)
-               return "Invalid number of metadata replicas";
+               return "Invalid number of data replicas";
+
+       if (BCH_SB_META_CSUM_TYPE(sb) >= BCH_CSUM_OPT_NR)
+               return "Invalid metadata checksum type";
+
+       if (BCH_SB_DATA_CSUM_TYPE(sb) >= BCH_CSUM_OPT_NR)
+               return "Invalid metadata checksum type";
+
+       if (BCH_SB_COMPRESSION_TYPE(sb) >= BCH_COMPRESSION_OPT_NR)
+               return "Invalid compression type";
 
        if (!BCH_SB_BTREE_NODE_SIZE(sb))
                return "Btree node size not set";
@@ -364,9 +306,6 @@ const char *bch2_sb_validate(struct bcache_superblock *disk_sb)
        if (!is_power_of_2(BCH_SB_BTREE_NODE_SIZE(sb)))
                return "Btree node size not a power of two";
 
-       if (BCH_SB_BTREE_NODE_SIZE(sb) > BTREE_NODE_SIZE_MAX)
-               return "Btree node size too large";
-
        if (BCH_SB_GC_RESERVE(sb) < 5)
                return "gc reserve percentage too small";
 
@@ -385,70 +324,34 @@ const char *bch2_sb_validate(struct bcache_superblock *disk_sb)
 
                if (vstruct_next(f) > vstruct_last(sb))
                        return "Invalid superblock: invalid optional field";
-
-               if (le32_to_cpu(f->type) >= BCH_SB_FIELD_NR)
-                       return "Invalid superblock: unknown optional field type";
        }
 
-       err = bch2_sb_validate_members(sb);
-       if (err)
-               return err;
-
-       sb_mi = bch2_sb_get_members(sb);
-       mi = bch2_mi_to_cpu(sb_mi->members + sb->dev_idx);
-
-       if (mi.nbuckets > LONG_MAX)
-               return "Too many buckets";
-
-       if (mi.nbuckets - mi.first_bucket < 1 << 10)
-               return "Not enough buckets";
-
-       if (!is_power_of_2(mi.bucket_size) ||
-           mi.bucket_size < PAGE_SECTORS ||
-           mi.bucket_size < block_size)
-               return "Bad bucket size";
-
-       if (get_capacity(disk_sb->bdev->bd_disk) <
-           mi.bucket_size * mi.nbuckets)
-               return "Invalid superblock: device too small";
+       /* members must be validated first: */
+       mi = bch2_sb_get_members(sb);
+       if (!mi)
+               return "Invalid superblock: member info area missing";
 
-       err = bch2_sb_validate_journal(sb, mi);
+       err = bch2_sb_field_validate(sb, &mi->field);
        if (err)
                return err;
 
-       err = bch2_sb_validate_replicas(sb);
-       if (err)
-               return err;
+       vstruct_for_each(sb, f) {
+               if (le32_to_cpu(f->type) == BCH_SB_FIELD_members)
+                       continue;
+
+               err = bch2_sb_field_validate(sb, f);
+               if (err)
+                       return err;
+       }
 
        return NULL;
 }
 
 /* device open: */
 
-static const char *bch2_blkdev_open(const char *path, fmode_t mode,
-                                  void *holder, struct block_device **ret)
-{
-       struct block_device *bdev;
-
-       *ret = NULL;
-       bdev = blkdev_get_by_path(path, mode, holder);
-       if (bdev == ERR_PTR(-EBUSY))
-               return "device busy";
-
-       if (IS_ERR(bdev))
-               return "failed to open device";
-
-       if (mode & FMODE_WRITE)
-               bdev_get_queue(bdev)->backing_dev_info->capabilities
-                       |= BDI_CAP_STABLE_WRITES;
-
-       *ret = bdev;
-       return NULL;
-}
-
 static void bch2_sb_update(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
-       struct bch_sb *src = c->disk_sb;
+       struct bch_sb *src = c->disk_sb.sb;
        struct bch_sb_field_members *mi = bch2_sb_get_members(src);
        struct bch_dev *ca;
        unsigned i;
@@ -457,26 +360,30 @@ static void bch2_sb_update(struct bch_fs *c)
 
        c->sb.uuid              = src->uuid;
        c->sb.user_uuid         = src->user_uuid;
-       c->sb.block_size        = le16_to_cpu(src->block_size);
-       c->sb.btree_node_size   = BCH_SB_BTREE_NODE_SIZE(src);
+       c->sb.version           = le16_to_cpu(src->version);
        c->sb.nr_devices        = src->nr_devices;
        c->sb.clean             = BCH_SB_CLEAN(src);
-       c->sb.str_hash_type     = BCH_SB_STR_HASH_TYPE(src);
        c->sb.encryption_type   = BCH_SB_ENCRYPTION_TYPE(src);
+       c->sb.encoded_extent_max= 1 << BCH_SB_ENCODED_EXTENT_MAX_BITS(src);
        c->sb.time_base_lo      = le64_to_cpu(src->time_base_lo);
        c->sb.time_base_hi      = le32_to_cpu(src->time_base_hi);
        c->sb.time_precision    = le32_to_cpu(src->time_precision);
+       c->sb.features          = le64_to_cpu(src->features[0]);
+       c->sb.compat            = le64_to_cpu(src->compat[0]);
 
        for_each_member_device(ca, c, i)
                ca->mi = bch2_mi_to_cpu(mi->members + i);
 }
 
 /* doesn't copy member info */
-static void __copy_super(struct bch_sb *dst, struct bch_sb *src)
+static void __copy_super(struct bch_sb_handle *dst_handle, struct bch_sb *src)
 {
        struct bch_sb_field *src_f, *dst_f;
+       struct bch_sb *dst = dst_handle->sb;
+       unsigned i;
 
        dst->version            = src->version;
+       dst->version_min        = src->version_min;
        dst->seq                = src->seq;
        dst->uuid               = src->uuid;
        dst->user_uuid          = src->user_uuid;
@@ -493,15 +400,17 @@ static void __copy_super(struct bch_sb *dst, struct bch_sb *src)
        memcpy(dst->features,   src->features,  sizeof(dst->features));
        memcpy(dst->compat,     src->compat,    sizeof(dst->compat));
 
-       vstruct_for_each(src, src_f) {
-               if (src_f->type == BCH_SB_FIELD_journal)
+       for (i = 0; i < BCH_SB_FIELD_NR; i++) {
+               if (i == BCH_SB_FIELD_journal)
                        continue;
 
-               dst_f = bch2_sb_field_get(dst, src_f->type);
-               dst_f = __bch2_sb_field_resize(dst, dst_f,
-                               le32_to_cpu(src_f->u64s));
+               src_f = bch2_sb_field_get(src, i);
+               dst_f = bch2_sb_field_get(dst, i);
+               dst_f = __bch2_sb_field_resize(dst_handle, dst_f,
+                               src_f ? le32_to_cpu(src_f->u64s) : 0);
 
-               memcpy(dst_f, src_f, vstruct_bytes(src_f));
+               if (src_f)
+                       memcpy(dst_f, src_f, vstruct_bytes(src_f));
        }
 }
 
@@ -516,22 +425,28 @@ int bch2_sb_to_fs(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_sb *src)
 
        lockdep_assert_held(&c->sb_lock);
 
-       if (bch2_fs_sb_realloc(c, le32_to_cpu(src->u64s) - journal_u64s))
-               return -ENOMEM;
+       ret = bch2_sb_realloc(&c->disk_sb,
+                             le32_to_cpu(src->u64s) - journal_u64s);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
-       __copy_super(c->disk_sb, src);
+       __copy_super(&c->disk_sb, src);
 
        ret = bch2_sb_replicas_to_cpu_replicas(c);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
+       ret = bch2_sb_disk_groups_to_cpu(c);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+
        bch2_sb_update(c);
        return 0;
 }
 
 int bch2_sb_from_fs(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
 {
-       struct bch_sb *src = c->disk_sb, *dst = ca->disk_sb.sb;
+       struct bch_sb *src = c->disk_sb.sb, *dst = ca->disk_sb.sb;
        struct bch_sb_field_journal *journal_buckets =
                bch2_sb_get_journal(dst);
        unsigned journal_u64s = journal_buckets
@@ -544,25 +459,22 @@ int bch2_sb_from_fs(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
-       __copy_super(dst, src);
-
+       __copy_super(&ca->disk_sb, src);
        return 0;
 }
 
 /* read superblock: */
 
-static const char *read_one_super(struct bcache_superblock *sb, u64 offset)
+static const char *read_one_super(struct bch_sb_handle *sb, u64 offset)
 {
        struct bch_csum csum;
        size_t bytes;
-       unsigned order;
 reread:
        bio_reset(sb->bio);
-       sb->bio->bi_bdev = sb->bdev;
+       bio_set_dev(sb->bio, sb->bdev);
        sb->bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = offset;
-       sb->bio->bi_iter.bi_size = PAGE_SIZE << sb->page_order;
        bio_set_op_attrs(sb->bio, REQ_OP_READ, REQ_SYNC|REQ_META);
-       bch2_bio_map(sb->bio, sb->sb);
+       bch2_bio_map(sb->bio, sb->sb, PAGE_SIZE << sb->page_order);
 
        if (submit_bio_wait(sb->bio))
                return "IO error";
@@ -570,7 +482,8 @@ reread:
        if (uuid_le_cmp(sb->sb->magic, BCACHE_MAGIC))
                return "Not a bcachefs superblock";
 
-       if (le64_to_cpu(sb->sb->version) != BCACHE_SB_VERSION_CDEV_V4)
+       if (le16_to_cpu(sb->sb->version) <  bcachefs_metadata_version_min ||
+           le16_to_cpu(sb->sb->version) >= bcachefs_metadata_version_max)
                return "Unsupported superblock version";
 
        bytes = vstruct_bytes(sb->sb);
@@ -578,9 +491,8 @@ reread:
        if (bytes > 512 << sb->sb->layout.sb_max_size_bits)
                return "Bad superblock: too big";
 
-       order = get_order(bytes);
-       if (order > sb->page_order) {
-               if (__bch2_super_realloc(sb, order))
+       if (get_order(bytes) > sb->page_order) {
+               if (bch2_sb_realloc(sb, le32_to_cpu(sb->sb->u64s)))
                        return "cannot allocate memory";
                goto reread;
        }
@@ -590,52 +502,70 @@ reread:
 
        /* XXX: verify MACs */
        csum = csum_vstruct(NULL, BCH_SB_CSUM_TYPE(sb->sb),
-                           (struct nonce) { 0 }, sb->sb);
+                           null_nonce(), sb->sb);
 
        if (bch2_crc_cmp(csum, sb->sb->csum))
                return "bad checksum reading superblock";
 
+       sb->seq = le64_to_cpu(sb->sb->seq);
+
        return NULL;
 }
 
-const char *bch2_read_super(struct bcache_superblock *sb,
-                          struct bch_opts opts,
-                          const char *path)
+int bch2_read_super(const char *path, struct bch_opts *opts,
+                   struct bch_sb_handle *sb)
 {
-       u64 offset = opt_defined(opts.sb) ? opts.sb : BCH_SB_SECTOR;
+       u64 offset = opt_get(*opts, sb);
        struct bch_sb_layout layout;
        const char *err;
-       unsigned i;
+       __le64 *i;
+       int ret;
+
+       pr_verbose_init(*opts, "");
 
        memset(sb, 0, sizeof(*sb));
-       sb->mode = FMODE_READ;
+       sb->mode        = FMODE_READ;
+       sb->have_bio    = true;
 
-       if (!(opt_defined(opts.noexcl) && opts.noexcl))
+       if (!opt_get(*opts, noexcl))
                sb->mode |= FMODE_EXCL;
 
-       if (!(opt_defined(opts.nochanges) && opts.nochanges))
+       if (!opt_get(*opts, nochanges))
                sb->mode |= FMODE_WRITE;
 
-       err = bch2_blkdev_open(path, sb->mode, sb, &sb->bdev);
-       if (err)
-               return err;
+       sb->bdev = blkdev_get_by_path(path, sb->mode, sb);
+       if (IS_ERR(sb->bdev) &&
+           PTR_ERR(sb->bdev) == -EACCES &&
+           opt_get(*opts, read_only)) {
+               sb->mode &= ~FMODE_WRITE;
+
+               sb->bdev = blkdev_get_by_path(path, sb->mode, sb);
+               if (!IS_ERR(sb->bdev))
+                       opt_set(*opts, nochanges, true);
+       }
+
+       if (IS_ERR(sb->bdev)) {
+               ret = PTR_ERR(sb->bdev);
+               goto out;
+       }
 
        err = "cannot allocate memory";
-       if (__bch2_super_realloc(sb, 0))
+       ret = bch2_sb_realloc(sb, 0);
+       if (ret)
                goto err;
 
+       ret = -EFAULT;
        err = "dynamic fault";
        if (bch2_fs_init_fault("read_super"))
                goto err;
 
+       ret = -EINVAL;
        err = read_one_super(sb, offset);
        if (!err)
                goto got_super;
 
-       if (offset != BCH_SB_SECTOR) {
-               pr_err("error reading superblock: %s", err);
+       if (opt_defined(*opts, sb))
                goto err;
-       }
 
        pr_err("error reading default superblock: %s", err);
 
@@ -644,15 +574,14 @@ const char *bch2_read_super(struct bcache_superblock *sb,
         * superblocks:
         */
        bio_reset(sb->bio);
-       sb->bio->bi_bdev = sb->bdev;
+       bio_set_dev(sb->bio, sb->bdev);
        sb->bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = BCH_SB_LAYOUT_SECTOR;
-       sb->bio->bi_iter.bi_size = sizeof(struct bch_sb_layout);
        bio_set_op_attrs(sb->bio, REQ_OP_READ, REQ_SYNC|REQ_META);
        /*
         * use sb buffer to read layout, since sb buffer is page aligned but
         * layout won't be:
         */
-       bch2_bio_map(sb->bio, sb->sb);
+       bch2_bio_map(sb->bio, sb->sb, sizeof(struct bch_sb_layout));
 
        err = "IO error";
        if (submit_bio_wait(sb->bio))
@@ -663,33 +592,37 @@ const char *bch2_read_super(struct bcache_superblock *sb,
        if (err)
                goto err;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < layout.nr_superblocks; i++) {
-               u64 offset = le64_to_cpu(layout.sb_offset[i]);
+       for (i = layout.sb_offset;
+            i < layout.sb_offset + layout.nr_superblocks; i++) {
+               offset = le64_to_cpu(*i);
 
-               if (offset == BCH_SB_SECTOR)
+               if (offset == opt_get(*opts, sb))
                        continue;
 
                err = read_one_super(sb, offset);
                if (!err)
                        goto got_super;
        }
+
+       ret = -EINVAL;
        goto err;
-got_super:
-       pr_debug("read sb version %llu, flags %llu, seq %llu, journal size %u",
-                le64_to_cpu(sb->sb->version),
-                le64_to_cpu(sb->sb->flags),
-                le64_to_cpu(sb->sb->seq),
-                le16_to_cpu(sb->sb->u64s));
 
+got_super:
        err = "Superblock block size smaller than device block size";
+       ret = -EINVAL;
        if (le16_to_cpu(sb->sb->block_size) << 9 <
            bdev_logical_block_size(sb->bdev))
                goto err;
 
-       return NULL;
+       ret = 0;
+       sb->have_layout = true;
+out:
+       pr_verbose_init(*opts, "ret %i", ret);
+       return ret;
 err:
        bch2_free_super(sb);
-       return err;
+       pr_err("error reading superblock: %s", err);
+       goto out;
 }
 
 /* write superblock: */
@@ -700,13 +633,34 @@ static void write_super_endio(struct bio *bio)
 
        /* XXX: return errors directly */
 
-       if (bch2_dev_io_err_on(bio->bi_error, ca, "superblock write"))
+       if (bch2_dev_io_err_on(bio->bi_status, ca, "superblock write error: %s",
+                              bch2_blk_status_to_str(bio->bi_status)))
                ca->sb_write_error = 1;
 
        closure_put(&ca->fs->sb_write);
        percpu_ref_put(&ca->io_ref);
 }
 
+static void read_back_super(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
+{
+       struct bch_sb *sb = ca->disk_sb.sb;
+       struct bio *bio = ca->disk_sb.bio;
+
+       bio_reset(bio);
+       bio_set_dev(bio, ca->disk_sb.bdev);
+       bio->bi_iter.bi_sector  = le64_to_cpu(sb->layout.sb_offset[0]);
+       bio->bi_end_io          = write_super_endio;
+       bio->bi_private         = ca;
+       bio_set_op_attrs(bio, REQ_OP_READ, REQ_SYNC|REQ_META);
+       bch2_bio_map(bio, ca->sb_read_scratch, PAGE_SIZE);
+
+       this_cpu_add(ca->io_done->sectors[READ][BCH_DATA_sb],
+                    bio_sectors(bio));
+
+       percpu_ref_get(&ca->io_ref);
+       closure_bio_submit(bio, &c->sb_write);
+}
+
 static void write_one_super(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca, unsigned idx)
 {
        struct bch_sb *sb = ca->disk_sb.sb;
@@ -716,24 +670,26 @@ static void write_one_super(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca, unsigned idx)
 
        SET_BCH_SB_CSUM_TYPE(sb, c->opts.metadata_checksum);
        sb->csum = csum_vstruct(c, BCH_SB_CSUM_TYPE(sb),
-                               (struct nonce) { 0 }, sb);
+                               null_nonce(), sb);
 
        bio_reset(bio);
-       bio->bi_bdev            = ca->disk_sb.bdev;
+       bio_set_dev(bio, ca->disk_sb.bdev);
        bio->bi_iter.bi_sector  = le64_to_cpu(sb->offset);
-       bio->bi_iter.bi_size    =
-               roundup(vstruct_bytes(sb),
-                       bdev_logical_block_size(ca->disk_sb.bdev));
        bio->bi_end_io          = write_super_endio;
        bio->bi_private         = ca;
        bio_set_op_attrs(bio, REQ_OP_WRITE, REQ_SYNC|REQ_META);
-       bch2_bio_map(bio, sb);
+       bch2_bio_map(bio, sb,
+                    roundup((size_t) vstruct_bytes(sb),
+                            bdev_logical_block_size(ca->disk_sb.bdev)));
+
+       this_cpu_add(ca->io_done->sectors[WRITE][BCH_DATA_sb],
+                    bio_sectors(bio));
 
        percpu_ref_get(&ca->io_ref);
        closure_bio_submit(bio, &c->sb_write);
 }
 
-void bch2_write_super(struct bch_fs *c)
+int bch2_write_super(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
        struct closure *cl = &c->sb_write;
        struct bch_dev *ca;
@@ -741,13 +697,17 @@ void bch2_write_super(struct bch_fs *c)
        const char *err;
        struct bch_devs_mask sb_written;
        bool wrote, can_mount_without_written, can_mount_with_written;
+       int ret = 0;
 
        lockdep_assert_held(&c->sb_lock);
 
        closure_init_stack(cl);
        memset(&sb_written, 0, sizeof(sb_written));
 
-       le64_add_cpu(&c->disk_sb->seq, 1);
+       le64_add_cpu(&c->disk_sb.sb->seq, 1);
+
+       if (test_bit(BCH_FS_ERROR, &c->flags))
+               SET_BCH_SB_HAS_ERRORS(c->disk_sb.sb, 1);
 
        for_each_online_member(ca, c, i)
                bch2_sb_from_fs(c, ca);
@@ -756,12 +716,12 @@ void bch2_write_super(struct bch_fs *c)
                err = bch2_sb_validate(&ca->disk_sb);
                if (err) {
                        bch2_fs_inconsistent(c, "sb invalid before write: %s", err);
+                       ret = -1;
                        goto out;
                }
        }
 
-       if (c->opts.nochanges ||
-           test_bit(BCH_FS_ERROR, &c->flags))
+       if (c->opts.nochanges)
                goto out;
 
        for_each_online_member(ca, c, i) {
@@ -769,10 +729,27 @@ void bch2_write_super(struct bch_fs *c)
                ca->sb_write_error = 0;
        }
 
+       for_each_online_member(ca, c, i)
+               read_back_super(c, ca);
+       closure_sync(cl);
+
+       for_each_online_member(ca, c, i) {
+               if (!ca->sb_write_error &&
+                   ca->disk_sb.seq !=
+                   le64_to_cpu(ca->sb_read_scratch->seq)) {
+                       bch2_fs_fatal_error(c,
+                               "Superblock modified by another process");
+                       percpu_ref_put(&ca->io_ref);
+                       ret = -EROFS;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+
        do {
                wrote = false;
                for_each_online_member(ca, c, i)
-                       if (sb < ca->disk_sb.sb->layout.nr_superblocks) {
+                       if (!ca->sb_write_error &&
+                           sb < ca->disk_sb.sb->layout.nr_superblocks) {
                                write_one_super(c, ca, sb);
                                wrote = true;
                        }
@@ -780,24 +757,25 @@ void bch2_write_super(struct bch_fs *c)
                sb++;
        } while (wrote);
 
-       for_each_online_member(ca, c, i)
+       for_each_online_member(ca, c, i) {
                if (ca->sb_write_error)
                        __clear_bit(ca->dev_idx, sb_written.d);
+               else
+                       ca->disk_sb.seq = le64_to_cpu(ca->disk_sb.sb->seq);
+       }
 
-       nr_wrote = bitmap_weight(sb_written.d, BCH_SB_MEMBERS_MAX);
+       nr_wrote = dev_mask_nr(&sb_written);
 
        can_mount_with_written =
-               bch2_have_enough_devs(c,
-                       __bch2_replicas_status(c, sb_written),
-                       BCH_FORCE_IF_DEGRADED);
+               bch2_have_enough_devs(__bch2_replicas_status(c, sb_written),
+                                     BCH_FORCE_IF_DEGRADED);
 
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sb_written.d); i++)
                sb_written.d[i] = ~sb_written.d[i];
 
        can_mount_without_written =
-               bch2_have_enough_devs(c,
-                       __bch2_replicas_status(c, sb_written),
-                       BCH_FORCE_IF_DEGRADED);
+               bch2_have_enough_devs(__bch2_replicas_status(c, sb_written),
+                                     BCH_FORCE_IF_DEGRADED);
 
        /*
         * If we would be able to mount _without_ the devices we successfully
@@ -807,605 +785,371 @@ void bch2_write_super(struct bch_fs *c)
         * written anything (new filesystem), we continue if we'd be able to
         * mount with the devices we did successfully write to:
         */
-       bch2_fs_fatal_err_on(!nr_wrote ||
-                            (can_mount_without_written &&
-                             !can_mount_with_written), c,
-               "Unable to write superblock to sufficient devices");
+       if (bch2_fs_fatal_err_on(!nr_wrote ||
+                                (can_mount_without_written &&
+                                 !can_mount_with_written), c,
+               "Unable to write superblock to sufficient devices"))
+               ret = -1;
 out:
        /* Make new options visible after they're persistent: */
        bch2_sb_update(c);
+       return ret;
 }
 
-/* replica information: */
-
-static inline struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *
-cpu_replicas_entry(struct bch_replicas_cpu *r, unsigned i)
-{
-       return (void *) r->entries + r->entry_size * i;
-}
-
-static inline struct bch_replicas_entry *
-replicas_entry_next(struct bch_replicas_entry *i)
-{
-       return (void *) i + offsetof(struct bch_replicas_entry, devs) + i->nr;
-}
-
-#define for_each_replicas_entry(_r, _i)                                        \
-       for (_i = (_r)->entries;                                        \
-            (void *) (_i) < vstruct_end(&(_r)->field) && (_i)->data_type;\
-            (_i) = replicas_entry_next(_i))
-
-static inline bool replicas_test_dev(struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *e,
-                                    unsigned dev)
+void __bch2_check_set_feature(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned feat)
 {
-       return (e->devs[dev >> 3] & (1 << (dev & 7))) != 0;
-}
+       mutex_lock(&c->sb_lock);
+       if (!(c->sb.features & (1ULL << feat))) {
+               c->disk_sb.sb->features[0] |= cpu_to_le64(1ULL << feat);
 
-static inline void replicas_set_dev(struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *e,
-                                   unsigned dev)
-{
-       e->devs[dev >> 3] |= 1 << (dev & 7);
+               bch2_write_super(c);
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
 }
 
-static inline unsigned replicas_dev_slots(struct bch_replicas_cpu *r)
-{
-       return (r->entry_size -
-               offsetof(struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry, devs)) * 8;
-}
+/* BCH_SB_FIELD_journal: */
 
-static void bch2_sb_replicas_nr_entries(struct bch_sb_field_replicas *r,
-                                       unsigned *nr,
-                                       unsigned *bytes,
-                                       unsigned *max_dev)
+static int u64_cmp(const void *_l, const void *_r)
 {
-       struct bch_replicas_entry *i;
-       unsigned j;
-
-       *nr     = 0;
-       *bytes  = sizeof(*r);
-       *max_dev = 0;
-
-       if (!r)
-               return;
-
-       for_each_replicas_entry(r, i) {
-               for (j = 0; j < i->nr; j++)
-                       *max_dev = max_t(unsigned, *max_dev, i->devs[j]);
-               (*nr)++;
-       }
+       u64 l = *((const u64 *) _l), r = *((const u64 *) _r);
 
-       *bytes = (void *) i - (void *) r;
+       return l < r ? -1 : l > r ? 1 : 0;
 }
 
-static struct bch_replicas_cpu *
-__bch2_sb_replicas_to_cpu_replicas(struct bch_sb_field_replicas *sb_r)
+static const char *bch2_sb_validate_journal(struct bch_sb *sb,
+                                           struct bch_sb_field *f)
 {
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu *cpu_r;
-       unsigned i, nr, bytes, max_dev, entry_size;
-
-       bch2_sb_replicas_nr_entries(sb_r, &nr, &bytes, &max_dev);
-
-       entry_size = offsetof(struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry, devs) +
-               DIV_ROUND_UP(max_dev + 1, 8);
+       struct bch_sb_field_journal *journal = field_to_type(f, journal);
+       struct bch_member *m = bch2_sb_get_members(sb)->members + sb->dev_idx;
+       const char *err;
+       unsigned nr;
+       unsigned i;
+       u64 *b;
 
-       cpu_r = kzalloc(sizeof(struct bch_replicas_cpu) +
-                       nr * entry_size, GFP_NOIO);
-       if (!cpu_r)
+       journal = bch2_sb_get_journal(sb);
+       if (!journal)
                return NULL;
 
-       cpu_r->nr               = nr;
-       cpu_r->entry_size       = entry_size;
-
-       if (nr) {
-               struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *dst =
-                       cpu_replicas_entry(cpu_r, 0);
-               struct bch_replicas_entry *src = sb_r->entries;
+       nr = bch2_nr_journal_buckets(journal);
+       if (!nr)
+               return NULL;
 
-               while (dst < cpu_replicas_entry(cpu_r, nr)) {
-                       dst->data_type = src->data_type;
-                       for (i = 0; i < src->nr; i++)
-                               replicas_set_dev(dst, src->devs[i]);
+       b = kmalloc_array(sizeof(u64), nr, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!b)
+               return "cannot allocate memory";
 
-                       src     = replicas_entry_next(src);
-                       dst     = (void *) dst + entry_size;
-               }
-       }
+       for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
+               b[i] = le64_to_cpu(journal->buckets[i]);
 
-       eytzinger0_sort(cpu_r->entries,
-                       cpu_r->nr,
-                       cpu_r->entry_size,
-                       memcmp, NULL);
-       return cpu_r;
-}
+       sort(b, nr, sizeof(u64), u64_cmp, NULL);
 
-static int bch2_sb_replicas_to_cpu_replicas(struct bch_fs *c)
-{
-       struct bch_sb_field_replicas *sb_r;
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu *cpu_r, *old_r;
+       err = "journal bucket at sector 0";
+       if (!b[0])
+               goto err;
 
-       lockdep_assert_held(&c->sb_lock);
+       err = "journal bucket before first bucket";
+       if (m && b[0] < le16_to_cpu(m->first_bucket))
+               goto err;
 
-       sb_r    = bch2_sb_get_replicas(c->disk_sb);
-       cpu_r   = __bch2_sb_replicas_to_cpu_replicas(sb_r);
-       if (!cpu_r)
-               return -ENOMEM;
+       err = "journal bucket past end of device";
+       if (m && b[nr - 1] >= le64_to_cpu(m->nbuckets))
+               goto err;
 
-       old_r = c->replicas;
-       rcu_assign_pointer(c->replicas, cpu_r);
-       if (old_r)
-               kfree_rcu(old_r, rcu);
+       err = "duplicate journal buckets";
+       for (i = 0; i + 1 < nr; i++)
+               if (b[i] == b[i + 1])
+                       goto err;
 
-       return 0;
+       err = NULL;
+err:
+       kfree(b);
+       return err;
 }
 
-static void bkey_to_replicas(struct bkey_s_c_extent e,
-                            enum bch_data_types data_type,
-                            struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *r,
-                            unsigned *max_dev)
-{
-       const struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr;
-
-       BUG_ON(!data_type ||
-              data_type == BCH_DATA_SB ||
-              data_type >= BCH_DATA_NR);
-
-       memset(r, 0, sizeof(*r));
-       r->data_type = data_type;
+static const struct bch_sb_field_ops bch_sb_field_ops_journal = {
+       .validate       = bch2_sb_validate_journal,
+};
 
-       *max_dev = 0;
-
-       extent_for_each_ptr(e, ptr)
-               if (!ptr->cached) {
-                       *max_dev = max_t(unsigned, *max_dev, ptr->dev);
-                       replicas_set_dev(r, ptr->dev);
-               }
-}
+/* BCH_SB_FIELD_members: */
 
-/*
- * for when gc of replica information is in progress:
- */
-static int bch2_update_gc_replicas(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                  struct bch_replicas_cpu *gc_r,
-                                  struct bkey_s_c_extent e,
-                                  enum bch_data_types data_type)
+static const char *bch2_sb_validate_members(struct bch_sb *sb,
+                                           struct bch_sb_field *f)
 {
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry new_e;
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu *new;
-       unsigned i, nr, entry_size, max_dev;
+       struct bch_sb_field_members *mi = field_to_type(f, members);
+       struct bch_member *m;
 
-       bkey_to_replicas(e, data_type, &new_e, &max_dev);
-
-       entry_size = offsetof(struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry, devs) +
-               DIV_ROUND_UP(max_dev + 1, 8);
-       entry_size = max(entry_size, gc_r->entry_size);
-       nr = gc_r->nr + 1;
-
-       new = kzalloc(sizeof(struct bch_replicas_cpu) +
-                     nr * entry_size, GFP_NOIO);
-       if (!new)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       new->nr         = nr;
-       new->entry_size = entry_size;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < gc_r->nr; i++)
-               memcpy(cpu_replicas_entry(new, i),
-                      cpu_replicas_entry(gc_r, i),
-                      gc_r->entry_size);
+       if ((void *) (mi->members + sb->nr_devices) >
+           vstruct_end(&mi->field))
+               return "Invalid superblock: bad member info";
 
-       memcpy(cpu_replicas_entry(new, nr - 1),
-              &new_e,
-              new->entry_size);
+       for (m = mi->members;
+            m < mi->members + sb->nr_devices;
+            m++) {
+               if (!bch2_member_exists(m))
+                       continue;
 
-       eytzinger0_sort(new->entries,
-                       new->nr,
-                       new->entry_size,
-                       memcmp, NULL);
+               if (le64_to_cpu(m->nbuckets) > LONG_MAX)
+                       return "Too many buckets";
 
-       rcu_assign_pointer(c->replicas_gc, new);
-       kfree_rcu(gc_r, rcu);
-       return 0;
-}
+               if (le64_to_cpu(m->nbuckets) -
+                   le16_to_cpu(m->first_bucket) < BCH_MIN_NR_NBUCKETS)
+                       return "Not enough buckets";
 
-static bool replicas_has_extent(struct bch_replicas_cpu *r,
-                               struct bkey_s_c_extent e,
-                               enum bch_data_types data_type)
-{
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry search;
-       unsigned max_dev;
+               if (le16_to_cpu(m->bucket_size) <
+                   le16_to_cpu(sb->block_size))
+                       return "bucket size smaller than block size";
 
-       bkey_to_replicas(e, data_type, &search, &max_dev);
+               if (le16_to_cpu(m->bucket_size) <
+                   BCH_SB_BTREE_NODE_SIZE(sb))
+                       return "bucket size smaller than btree node size";
+       }
 
-       return max_dev < replicas_dev_slots(r) &&
-               eytzinger0_find(r->entries, r->nr,
-                               r->entry_size,
-                               memcmp, &search) < r->nr;
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-bool bch2_sb_has_replicas(struct bch_fs *c, struct bkey_s_c_extent e,
-                         enum bch_data_types data_type)
-{
-       bool ret;
-
-       rcu_read_lock();
-       ret = replicas_has_extent(rcu_dereference(c->replicas),
-                                 e, data_type);
-       rcu_read_unlock();
+static const struct bch_sb_field_ops bch_sb_field_ops_members = {
+       .validate       = bch2_sb_validate_members,
+};
 
-       return ret;
-}
+/* BCH_SB_FIELD_crypt: */
 
-noinline
-static int bch2_check_mark_super_slowpath(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                         struct bkey_s_c_extent e,
-                                         enum bch_data_types data_type)
+static const char *bch2_sb_validate_crypt(struct bch_sb *sb,
+                                         struct bch_sb_field *f)
 {
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu *gc_r;
-       const struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr;
-       struct bch_sb_field_replicas *sb_r;
-       struct bch_replicas_entry *new_entry;
-       unsigned new_entry_bytes, new_u64s, nr, bytes, max_dev;
-       int ret = 0;
-
-       mutex_lock(&c->sb_lock);
-
-       gc_r = rcu_dereference_protected(c->replicas_gc,
-                                        lockdep_is_held(&c->sb_lock));
-       if (gc_r &&
-           !replicas_has_extent(gc_r, e, data_type)) {
-               ret = bch2_update_gc_replicas(c, gc_r, e, data_type);
-               if (ret)
-                       goto err;
-       }
-
-       /* recheck, might have raced */
-       if (bch2_sb_has_replicas(c, e, data_type)) {
-               mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
-               return 0;
-       }
+       struct bch_sb_field_crypt *crypt = field_to_type(f, crypt);
 
-       new_entry_bytes = sizeof(struct bch_replicas_entry) +
-               bch2_extent_nr_dirty_ptrs(e.s_c);
+       if (vstruct_bytes(&crypt->field) != sizeof(*crypt))
+               return "invalid field crypt: wrong size";
 
-       sb_r = bch2_sb_get_replicas(c->disk_sb);
+       if (BCH_CRYPT_KDF_TYPE(crypt))
+               return "invalid field crypt: bad kdf type";
 
-       bch2_sb_replicas_nr_entries(sb_r, &nr, &bytes, &max_dev);
-
-       new_u64s = DIV_ROUND_UP(bytes + new_entry_bytes, sizeof(u64));
-
-       sb_r = bch2_fs_sb_resize_replicas(c,
-                       DIV_ROUND_UP(sizeof(*sb_r) + bytes + new_entry_bytes,
-                                    sizeof(u64)));
-       if (!sb_r) {
-               ret = -ENOSPC;
-               goto err;
-       }
-
-       new_entry = (void *) sb_r + bytes;
-       new_entry->data_type = data_type;
-       new_entry->nr = 0;
-
-       extent_for_each_ptr(e, ptr)
-               if (!ptr->cached)
-                       new_entry->devs[new_entry->nr++] = ptr->dev;
-
-       ret = bch2_sb_replicas_to_cpu_replicas(c);
-       if (ret) {
-               memset(new_entry, 0,
-                      vstruct_end(&sb_r->field) - (void *) new_entry);
-               goto err;
-       }
-
-       bch2_write_super(c);
-err:
-       mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
-       return ret;
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-int bch2_check_mark_super(struct bch_fs *c, struct bkey_s_c_extent e,
-                         enum bch_data_types data_type)
-{
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu *gc_r;
-       bool marked;
+static const struct bch_sb_field_ops bch_sb_field_ops_crypt = {
+       .validate       = bch2_sb_validate_crypt,
+};
 
-       rcu_read_lock();
-       marked = replicas_has_extent(rcu_dereference(c->replicas),
-                                    e, data_type) &&
-               (!(gc_r = rcu_dereference(c->replicas_gc)) ||
-                replicas_has_extent(gc_r, e, data_type));
-       rcu_read_unlock();
+/* BCH_SB_FIELD_clean: */
 
-       if (marked)
-               return 0;
+void bch2_sb_clean_renumber(struct bch_sb_field_clean *clean, int write)
+{
+       struct jset_entry *entry;
 
-       return bch2_check_mark_super_slowpath(c, e, data_type);
+       for (entry = clean->start;
+            entry < (struct jset_entry *) vstruct_end(&clean->field);
+            entry = vstruct_next(entry))
+               bch2_bkey_renumber(BKEY_TYPE_BTREE, bkey_to_packed(entry->start), write);
 }
 
-struct replicas_status __bch2_replicas_status(struct bch_fs *c,
-                                       struct bch_devs_mask online_devs)
+int bch2_fs_mark_dirty(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *e;
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu *r;
-       unsigned i, dev, dev_slots, nr_online, nr_offline;
-       struct replicas_status ret;
-
-       memset(&ret, 0, sizeof(ret));
-
-       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ret.replicas); i++)
-               ret.replicas[i].nr_online = UINT_MAX;
-
-       rcu_read_lock();
-       r = rcu_dereference(c->replicas);
-       dev_slots = min_t(unsigned, replicas_dev_slots(r), c->sb.nr_devices);
-
-       for (i = 0; i < r->nr; i++) {
-               e = cpu_replicas_entry(r, i);
-
-               BUG_ON(e->data_type >= ARRAY_SIZE(ret.replicas));
-
-               nr_online = nr_offline = 0;
-
-               for (dev = 0; dev < dev_slots; dev++) {
-                       if (!replicas_test_dev(e, dev))
-                               continue;
-
-                       if (test_bit(dev, online_devs.d))
-                               nr_online++;
-                       else
-                               nr_offline++;
-               }
-
-               ret.replicas[e->data_type].nr_online =
-                       min(ret.replicas[e->data_type].nr_online,
-                           nr_online);
+       int ret;
 
-               ret.replicas[e->data_type].nr_offline =
-                       max(ret.replicas[e->data_type].nr_offline,
-                           nr_offline);
-       }
+       /*
+        * Unconditionally write superblock, to verify it hasn't changed before
+        * we go rw:
+        */
 
-       rcu_read_unlock();
+       mutex_lock(&c->sb_lock);
+       SET_BCH_SB_CLEAN(c->disk_sb.sb, false);
+       c->disk_sb.sb->features[0] |= 1ULL << BCH_FEATURE_new_extent_overwrite;
+       c->disk_sb.sb->features[0] |= 1ULL << BCH_FEATURE_extents_above_btree_updates;
+       c->disk_sb.sb->features[0] |= 1ULL << BCH_FEATURE_btree_updates_journalled;
+       ret = bch2_write_super(c);
+       mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
 
        return ret;
 }
 
-struct replicas_status bch2_replicas_status(struct bch_fs *c)
+static void
+entry_init_u64s(struct jset_entry *entry, unsigned u64s)
 {
-       return __bch2_replicas_status(c, bch2_online_devs(c));
-}
-
-bool bch2_have_enough_devs(struct bch_fs *c,
-                          struct replicas_status s,
-                          unsigned flags)
-{
-       if ((s.replicas[BCH_DATA_JOURNAL].nr_offline ||
-            s.replicas[BCH_DATA_BTREE].nr_offline) &&
-           !(flags & BCH_FORCE_IF_METADATA_DEGRADED))
-               return false;
-
-       if ((!s.replicas[BCH_DATA_JOURNAL].nr_online ||
-            !s.replicas[BCH_DATA_BTREE].nr_online) &&
-           !(flags & BCH_FORCE_IF_METADATA_LOST))
-               return false;
+       memset(entry, 0, u64s * sizeof(u64));
 
-       if (s.replicas[BCH_DATA_USER].nr_offline &&
-           !(flags & BCH_FORCE_IF_DATA_DEGRADED))
-               return false;
-
-       if (!s.replicas[BCH_DATA_USER].nr_online &&
-           !(flags & BCH_FORCE_IF_DATA_LOST))
-               return false;
-
-       return true;
+       /*
+        * The u64s field counts from the start of data, ignoring the shared
+        * fields.
+        */
+       entry->u64s = u64s - 1;
 }
 
-unsigned bch2_replicas_online(struct bch_fs *c, bool meta)
+static void
+entry_init_size(struct jset_entry *entry, size_t size)
 {
-       struct replicas_status s = bch2_replicas_status(c);
-
-       return meta
-               ? min(s.replicas[BCH_DATA_JOURNAL].nr_online,
-                     s.replicas[BCH_DATA_BTREE].nr_online)
-               : s.replicas[BCH_DATA_USER].nr_online;
+       unsigned u64s = DIV_ROUND_UP(size, sizeof(u64));
+       entry_init_u64s(entry, u64s);
 }
 
-unsigned bch2_dev_has_data(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
+struct jset_entry *
+bch2_journal_super_entries_add_common(struct bch_fs *c,
+                                     struct jset_entry *entry,
+                                     u64 journal_seq)
 {
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *e;
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu *r;
-       unsigned i, ret = 0;
-
-       rcu_read_lock();
-       r = rcu_dereference(c->replicas);
-
-       if (ca->dev_idx >= replicas_dev_slots(r))
-               goto out;
+       unsigned i;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < r->nr; i++) {
-               e = cpu_replicas_entry(r, i);
+       percpu_down_write(&c->mark_lock);
 
-               if (replicas_test_dev(e, ca->dev_idx)) {
-                       ret |= 1 << e->data_type;
-                       break;
-               }
+       if (!journal_seq) {
+               for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(c->usage); i++)
+                       bch2_fs_usage_acc_to_base(c, i);
+       } else {
+               bch2_fs_usage_acc_to_base(c, journal_seq & JOURNAL_BUF_MASK);
        }
-out:
-       rcu_read_unlock();
 
-       return ret;
-}
+       {
+               struct jset_entry_usage *u =
+                       container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_usage, entry);
 
-static const char *bch2_sb_validate_replicas(struct bch_sb *sb)
-{
-       struct bch_sb_field_members *mi;
-       struct bch_sb_field_replicas *sb_r;
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu *cpu_r = NULL;
-       struct bch_replicas_entry *e;
-       const char *err;
-       unsigned i;
+               entry_init_size(entry, sizeof(*u));
+               u->entry.type   = BCH_JSET_ENTRY_usage;
+               u->entry.btree_id = FS_USAGE_INODES;
+               u->v            = cpu_to_le64(c->usage_base->nr_inodes);
 
-       mi      = bch2_sb_get_members(sb);
-       sb_r    = bch2_sb_get_replicas(sb);
-       if (!sb_r)
-               return NULL;
+               entry = vstruct_next(entry);
+       }
 
-       for_each_replicas_entry(sb_r, e) {
-               err = "invalid replicas entry: invalid data type";
-               if (e->data_type >= BCH_DATA_NR)
-                       goto err;
+       {
+               struct jset_entry_usage *u =
+                       container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_usage, entry);
 
-               err = "invalid replicas entry: too many devices";
-               if (e->nr >= BCH_REPLICAS_MAX)
-                       goto err;
+               entry_init_size(entry, sizeof(*u));
+               u->entry.type   = BCH_JSET_ENTRY_usage;
+               u->entry.btree_id = FS_USAGE_KEY_VERSION;
+               u->v            = cpu_to_le64(atomic64_read(&c->key_version));
 
-               err = "invalid replicas entry: invalid device";
-               for (i = 0; i < e->nr; i++)
-                       if (!bch2_dev_exists(sb, mi, e->devs[i]))
-                               goto err;
+               entry = vstruct_next(entry);
        }
 
-       err = "cannot allocate memory";
-       cpu_r = __bch2_sb_replicas_to_cpu_replicas(sb_r);
-       if (!cpu_r)
-               goto err;
+       for (i = 0; i < BCH_REPLICAS_MAX; i++) {
+               struct jset_entry_usage *u =
+                       container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_usage, entry);
+
+               entry_init_size(entry, sizeof(*u));
+               u->entry.type   = BCH_JSET_ENTRY_usage;
+               u->entry.btree_id = FS_USAGE_RESERVED;
+               u->entry.level  = i;
+               u->v            = cpu_to_le64(c->usage_base->persistent_reserved[i]);
 
-       sort_cmp_size(cpu_r->entries,
-                     cpu_r->nr,
-                     cpu_r->entry_size,
-                     memcmp, NULL);
+               entry = vstruct_next(entry);
+       }
 
-       for (i = 0; i + 1 < cpu_r->nr; i++) {
-               struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *l =
-                       cpu_replicas_entry(cpu_r, i);
-               struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *r =
-                       cpu_replicas_entry(cpu_r, i + 1);
+       for (i = 0; i < c->replicas.nr; i++) {
+               struct bch_replicas_entry *e =
+                       cpu_replicas_entry(&c->replicas, i);
+               struct jset_entry_data_usage *u =
+                       container_of(entry, struct jset_entry_data_usage, entry);
 
-               BUG_ON(memcmp(l, r, cpu_r->entry_size) > 0);
+               entry_init_size(entry, sizeof(*u) + e->nr_devs);
+               u->entry.type   = BCH_JSET_ENTRY_data_usage;
+               u->v            = cpu_to_le64(c->usage_base->replicas[i]);
+               memcpy(&u->r, e, replicas_entry_bytes(e));
 
-               err = "duplicate replicas entry";
-               if (!memcmp(l, r, cpu_r->entry_size))
-                       goto err;
+               entry = vstruct_next(entry);
        }
 
-       err = NULL;
-err:
-       kfree(cpu_r);
-       return err;
+       percpu_up_write(&c->mark_lock);
+
+       return entry;
 }
 
-int bch2_replicas_gc_end(struct bch_fs *c, int err)
+void bch2_fs_mark_clean(struct bch_fs *c)
 {
-       struct bch_sb_field_replicas *sb_r;
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu *r, *old_r;
-       struct bch_replicas_entry *dst_e;
-       size_t i, j, bytes, dev_slots;
-       int ret = 0;
-
-       lockdep_assert_held(&c->replicas_gc_lock);
+       struct bch_sb_field_clean *sb_clean;
+       struct jset_entry *entry;
+       unsigned u64s;
 
        mutex_lock(&c->sb_lock);
+       if (BCH_SB_CLEAN(c->disk_sb.sb))
+               goto out;
 
-       r = rcu_dereference_protected(c->replicas_gc,
-                                     lockdep_is_held(&c->sb_lock));
-
-       if (err) {
-               rcu_assign_pointer(c->replicas_gc, NULL);
-               kfree_rcu(r, rcu);
-               goto err;
-       }
-
-       dev_slots = replicas_dev_slots(r);
-
-       bytes = sizeof(struct bch_sb_field_replicas);
+       SET_BCH_SB_CLEAN(c->disk_sb.sb, true);
 
-       for (i = 0; i < r->nr; i++) {
-               struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *e =
-                       cpu_replicas_entry(r, i);
+       c->disk_sb.sb->compat[0] |= 1ULL << BCH_COMPAT_FEAT_ALLOC_INFO;
+       c->disk_sb.sb->compat[0] |= 1ULL << BCH_COMPAT_FEAT_ALLOC_METADATA;
+       c->disk_sb.sb->features[0] &= ~(1ULL << BCH_FEATURE_extents_above_btree_updates);
+       c->disk_sb.sb->features[0] &= ~(1ULL << BCH_FEATURE_btree_updates_journalled);
 
-               bytes += sizeof(struct bch_replicas_entry);
-               for (j = 0; j < r->entry_size - 1; j++)
-                       bytes += hweight8(e->devs[j]);
-       }
+       u64s = sizeof(*sb_clean) / sizeof(u64) + c->journal.entry_u64s_reserved;
 
-       sb_r = bch2_fs_sb_resize_replicas(c,
-                       DIV_ROUND_UP(sizeof(*sb_r) + bytes, sizeof(u64)));
-       if (!sb_r) {
-               ret = -ENOSPC;
-               goto err;
+       sb_clean = bch2_sb_resize_clean(&c->disk_sb, u64s);
+       if (!sb_clean) {
+               bch_err(c, "error resizing superblock while setting filesystem clean");
+               goto out;
        }
 
-       memset(&sb_r->entries, 0,
-              vstruct_end(&sb_r->field) -
-              (void *) &sb_r->entries);
+       sb_clean->flags         = 0;
+       sb_clean->read_clock    = cpu_to_le16(c->bucket_clock[READ].hand);
+       sb_clean->write_clock   = cpu_to_le16(c->bucket_clock[WRITE].hand);
+       sb_clean->journal_seq   = cpu_to_le64(journal_cur_seq(&c->journal) - 1);
 
-       dst_e = sb_r->entries;
-       for (i = 0; i < r->nr; i++) {
-               struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *src_e =
-                       cpu_replicas_entry(r, i);
+       /* Trying to catch outstanding bug: */
+       BUG_ON(le64_to_cpu(sb_clean->journal_seq) > S64_MAX);
 
-               dst_e->data_type = src_e->data_type;
+       entry = sb_clean->start;
+       entry = bch2_journal_super_entries_add_common(c, entry, 0);
+       entry = bch2_btree_roots_to_journal_entries(c, entry, entry);
+       BUG_ON((void *) entry > vstruct_end(&sb_clean->field));
 
-               for (j = 0; j < dev_slots; j++)
-                       if (replicas_test_dev(src_e, j))
-                               dst_e->devs[dst_e->nr++] = j;
+       memset(entry, 0,
+              vstruct_end(&sb_clean->field) - (void *) entry);
 
-               dst_e = replicas_entry_next(dst_e);
-       }
-
-       old_r = rcu_dereference_protected(c->replicas,
-                                         lockdep_is_held(&c->sb_lock));
-       rcu_assign_pointer(c->replicas, r);
-       rcu_assign_pointer(c->replicas_gc, NULL);
-       kfree_rcu(old_r, rcu);
+       if (le16_to_cpu(c->disk_sb.sb->version) <
+           bcachefs_metadata_version_bkey_renumber)
+               bch2_sb_clean_renumber(sb_clean, WRITE);
 
        bch2_write_super(c);
-err:
+out:
        mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
-       return ret;
 }
 
-int bch2_replicas_gc_start(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned typemask)
+static const char *bch2_sb_validate_clean(struct bch_sb *sb,
+                                         struct bch_sb_field *f)
 {
-       struct bch_replicas_cpu *r, *src;
-       unsigned i;
+       struct bch_sb_field_clean *clean = field_to_type(f, clean);
 
-       lockdep_assert_held(&c->replicas_gc_lock);
+       if (vstruct_bytes(&clean->field) < sizeof(*clean))
+               return "invalid field crypt: wrong size";
 
-       mutex_lock(&c->sb_lock);
-       BUG_ON(c->replicas_gc);
+       return NULL;
+}
 
-       src = rcu_dereference_protected(c->replicas,
-                                       lockdep_is_held(&c->sb_lock));
+static const struct bch_sb_field_ops bch_sb_field_ops_clean = {
+       .validate       = bch2_sb_validate_clean,
+};
 
-       r = kzalloc(sizeof(struct bch_replicas_cpu) +
-                   src->nr * src->entry_size, GFP_NOIO);
-       if (!r) {
-               mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
-               return -ENOMEM;
-       }
+static const struct bch_sb_field_ops *bch2_sb_field_ops[] = {
+#define x(f, nr)                                       \
+       [BCH_SB_FIELD_##f] = &bch_sb_field_ops_##f,
+       BCH_SB_FIELDS()
+#undef x
+};
 
-       r->entry_size = src->entry_size;
-       r->nr = 0;
+static const char *bch2_sb_field_validate(struct bch_sb *sb,
+                                         struct bch_sb_field *f)
+{
+       unsigned type = le32_to_cpu(f->type);
 
-       for (i = 0; i < src->nr; i++) {
-               struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *dst_e =
-                       cpu_replicas_entry(r, r->nr);
-               struct bch_replicas_cpu_entry *src_e =
-                       cpu_replicas_entry(src, i);
+       return type < BCH_SB_FIELD_NR
+               ? bch2_sb_field_ops[type]->validate(sb, f)
+               : NULL;
+}
 
-               if (!(src_e->data_type & typemask)) {
-                       memcpy(dst_e, src_e, r->entry_size);
-                       r->nr++;
-               }
-       }
+void bch2_sb_field_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_sb *sb,
+                          struct bch_sb_field *f)
+{
+       unsigned type = le32_to_cpu(f->type);
+       const struct bch_sb_field_ops *ops = type < BCH_SB_FIELD_NR
+               ? bch2_sb_field_ops[type] : NULL;
 
-       eytzinger0_sort(r->entries,
-                       r->nr,
-                       r->entry_size,
-                       memcmp, NULL);
+       if (ops)
+               pr_buf(out, "%s", bch2_sb_fields[type]);
+       else
+               pr_buf(out, "(unknown field %u)", type);
 
-       rcu_assign_pointer(c->replicas_gc, r);
-       mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
+       pr_buf(out, " (size %llu):", vstruct_bytes(f));
 
-       return 0;
+       if (ops && ops->to_text)
+               bch2_sb_field_ops[type]->to_text(out, sb, f);
 }