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[plocate] / plocate-build.cpp
1 #include "db.h"
2 #include "dprintf.h"
3 #include "turbopfor-encode.h"
4
5 #include <algorithm>
6 #include <assert.h>
7 #include <chrono>
8 #include <getopt.h>
9 #include <iosfwd>
10 #include <math.h>
11 #include <memory>
12 #include <random>
13 #include <stdint.h>
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <stdlib.h>
16 #include <string.h>
17 #include <string>
18 #include <string_view>
19 #include <sys/stat.h>
20 #include <utility>
21 #include <vector>
22 #include <zdict.h>
23 #include <zstd.h>
24
25 #define P4NENC_BOUND(n) ((n + 127) / 128 + (n + 32) * sizeof(uint32_t))
26
27 #define NUM_TRIGRAMS 16777216
28
29 using namespace std;
30 using namespace std::chrono;
31
32 string zstd_compress(const string &src, ZSTD_CDict *cdict, string *tempbuf);
33
34 constexpr unsigned num_overflow_slots = 16;
35 bool use_debug = false;
36
37 static inline uint32_t read_unigram(const string_view s, size_t idx)
38 {
39         if (idx < s.size()) {
40                 return (unsigned char)s[idx];
41         } else {
42                 return 0;
43         }
44 }
45
46 static inline uint32_t read_trigram(const string_view s, size_t start)
47 {
48         return read_unigram(s, start) |
49                 (read_unigram(s, start + 1) << 8) |
50                 (read_unigram(s, start + 2) << 16);
51 }
52
53 enum {
54         DBE_NORMAL = 0, /* A non-directory file */
55         DBE_DIRECTORY = 1, /* A directory */
56         DBE_END = 2 /* End of directory contents; contains no name */
57 };
58
59 // From mlocate.
60 struct db_header {
61         uint8_t magic[8];
62         uint32_t conf_size;
63         uint8_t version;
64         uint8_t check_visibility;
65         uint8_t pad[2];
66 };
67
68 // From mlocate.
69 struct db_directory {
70         uint64_t time_sec;
71         uint32_t time_nsec;
72         uint8_t pad[4];
73 };
74
75 class PostingListBuilder {
76 public:
77         inline void add_docid(uint32_t docid);
78         void finish();
79
80         string encoded;
81         size_t num_docids = 0;
82
83 private:
84         void write_header(uint32_t docid);
85         void append_block();
86
87         vector<uint32_t> pending_deltas;
88
89         uint32_t last_block_end, last_docid = -1;
90 };
91
92 void PostingListBuilder::add_docid(uint32_t docid)
93 {
94         // Deduplicate against the last inserted value, if any.
95         if (docid == last_docid) {
96                 return;
97         }
98
99         if (num_docids == 0) {
100                 // Very first docid.
101                 write_header(docid);
102                 ++num_docids;
103                 last_block_end = last_docid = docid;
104                 return;
105         }
106
107         pending_deltas.push_back(docid - last_docid - 1);
108         last_docid = docid;
109         if (pending_deltas.size() == 128) {
110                 append_block();
111                 pending_deltas.clear();
112                 last_block_end = docid;
113         }
114         ++num_docids;
115 }
116
117 void PostingListBuilder::finish()
118 {
119         if (pending_deltas.empty()) {
120                 return;
121         }
122
123         assert(!encoded.empty());  // write_header() should already have run.
124
125         // No interleaving for partial blocks.
126         unsigned char buf[P4NENC_BOUND(128)];
127         unsigned char *end = encode_pfor_single_block<128>(pending_deltas.data(), pending_deltas.size(), /*interleaved=*/false, buf);
128         encoded.append(reinterpret_cast<char *>(buf), reinterpret_cast<char *>(end));
129 }
130
131 void PostingListBuilder::append_block()
132 {
133         unsigned char buf[P4NENC_BOUND(128)];
134         assert(pending_deltas.size() == 128);
135         unsigned char *end = encode_pfor_single_block<128>(pending_deltas.data(), 128, /*interleaved=*/true, buf);
136         encoded.append(reinterpret_cast<char *>(buf), reinterpret_cast<char *>(end));
137 }
138
139 void PostingListBuilder::write_header(uint32_t docid)
140 {
141         unsigned char buf[P4NENC_BOUND(1)];
142         unsigned char *end = write_baseval(docid, buf);
143         encoded.append(reinterpret_cast<char *>(buf), end - buf);
144 }
145
146 class DatabaseReceiver {
147 public:
148         virtual ~DatabaseReceiver() = default;
149         virtual void add_file(string filename) = 0;
150         virtual void flush_block() = 0;
151 };
152
153 class DictionaryBuilder : public DatabaseReceiver {
154 public:
155         DictionaryBuilder(size_t blocks_to_keep, size_t block_size)
156                 : blocks_to_keep(blocks_to_keep), block_size(block_size) {}
157         void add_file(string filename) override;
158         void flush_block() override;
159         string train(size_t buf_size);
160
161 private:
162         const size_t blocks_to_keep, block_size;
163         string current_block;
164         uint64_t block_num = 0;
165         size_t num_files_in_block = 0;
166
167         std::mt19937 reservoir_rand{ 1234 };  // Fixed seed for reproducibility.
168         bool keep_current_block = true;
169         int64_t slot_for_current_block = -1;
170
171         vector<string> sampled_blocks;
172         vector<size_t> lengths;
173 };
174
175 void DictionaryBuilder::add_file(string filename)
176 {
177         if (keep_current_block) {  // Only bother saving the filenames if we're actually keeping the block.
178                 if (!current_block.empty()) {
179                         current_block.push_back('\0');
180                 }
181                 current_block += filename;
182         }
183         if (++num_files_in_block == block_size) {
184                 flush_block();
185         }
186 }
187
188 void DictionaryBuilder::flush_block()
189 {
190         if (keep_current_block) {
191                 if (slot_for_current_block == -1) {
192                         lengths.push_back(current_block.size());
193                         sampled_blocks.push_back(move(current_block));
194                 } else {
195                         lengths[slot_for_current_block] = current_block.size();
196                         sampled_blocks[slot_for_current_block] = move(current_block);
197                 }
198         }
199         current_block.clear();
200         num_files_in_block = 0;
201         ++block_num;
202
203         if (block_num < blocks_to_keep) {
204                 keep_current_block = true;
205                 slot_for_current_block = -1;
206         } else {
207                 // Keep every block with equal probability (reservoir sampling).
208                 uint64_t idx = uniform_int_distribution<uint64_t>(0, block_num)(reservoir_rand);
209                 keep_current_block = (idx < blocks_to_keep);
210                 slot_for_current_block = idx;
211         }
212 }
213
214 string DictionaryBuilder::train(size_t buf_size)
215 {
216         string dictionary_buf;
217         sort(sampled_blocks.begin(), sampled_blocks.end());  // Seemingly important for decompression speed.
218         for (const string &block : sampled_blocks) {
219                 dictionary_buf += block;
220         }
221
222         string buf;
223         buf.resize(buf_size);
224         size_t ret = ZDICT_trainFromBuffer(&buf[0], buf_size, dictionary_buf.data(), lengths.data(), lengths.size());
225         dprintf("Sampled %zu bytes in %zu blocks, built a dictionary of size %zu\n", dictionary_buf.size(), lengths.size(), ret);
226         buf.resize(ret);
227
228         sampled_blocks.clear();
229         lengths.clear();
230
231         return buf;
232 }
233
234 class Corpus : public DatabaseReceiver {
235 public:
236         Corpus(FILE *outfp, size_t block_size, ZSTD_CDict *cdict)
237                 : invindex(new PostingListBuilder *[NUM_TRIGRAMS]), outfp(outfp), block_size(block_size), cdict(cdict)
238         {
239                 fill(invindex.get(), invindex.get() + NUM_TRIGRAMS, nullptr);
240         }
241         ~Corpus() override
242         {
243                 for (unsigned i = 0; i < NUM_TRIGRAMS; ++i) {
244                         delete invindex[i];
245                 }
246         }
247
248         void add_file(string filename) override;
249         void flush_block() override;
250
251         vector<uint64_t> filename_blocks;
252         size_t num_files = 0, num_files_in_block = 0, num_blocks = 0;
253         bool seen_trigram(uint32_t trgm)
254         {
255                 return invindex[trgm] != nullptr;
256         }
257         PostingListBuilder &get_pl_builder(uint32_t trgm)
258         {
259                 if (invindex[trgm] == nullptr) {
260                         invindex[trgm] = new PostingListBuilder;
261                 }
262                 return *invindex[trgm];
263         }
264         size_t num_trigrams() const;
265
266 private:
267         unique_ptr<PostingListBuilder *[]> invindex;
268         FILE *outfp;
269         string current_block;
270         string tempbuf;
271         const size_t block_size;
272         ZSTD_CDict *cdict;
273 };
274
275 void Corpus::add_file(string filename)
276 {
277         ++num_files;
278         if (!current_block.empty()) {
279                 current_block.push_back('\0');
280         }
281         current_block += filename;
282         if (++num_files_in_block == block_size) {
283                 flush_block();
284         }
285 }
286
287 void Corpus::flush_block()
288 {
289         if (current_block.empty()) {
290                 return;
291         }
292
293         uint32_t docid = num_blocks;
294
295         // Create trigrams.
296         const char *ptr = current_block.c_str();
297         while (ptr < current_block.c_str() + current_block.size()) {
298                 string_view s(ptr);
299                 if (s.size() >= 3) {
300                         for (size_t j = 0; j < s.size() - 2; ++j) {
301                                 uint32_t trgm = read_trigram(s, j);
302                                 get_pl_builder(trgm).add_docid(docid);
303                         }
304                 }
305                 ptr += s.size() + 1;
306         }
307
308         // Compress and add the filename block.
309         filename_blocks.push_back(ftell(outfp));
310         string compressed = zstd_compress(current_block, cdict, &tempbuf);
311         if (fwrite(compressed.data(), compressed.size(), 1, outfp) != 1) {
312                 perror("fwrite()");
313                 exit(1);
314         }
315
316         current_block.clear();
317         num_files_in_block = 0;
318         ++num_blocks;
319 }
320
321 size_t Corpus::num_trigrams() const
322 {
323         size_t num = 0;
324         for (unsigned trgm = 0; trgm < NUM_TRIGRAMS; ++trgm) {
325                 if (invindex[trgm] != nullptr) {
326                         ++num;
327                 }
328         }
329         return num;
330 }
331
332 string read_cstr(FILE *fp)
333 {
334         string ret;
335         for (;;) {
336                 int ch = getc(fp);
337                 if (ch == -1) {
338                         perror("getc");
339                         exit(1);
340                 }
341                 if (ch == 0) {
342                         return ret;
343                 }
344                 ret.push_back(ch);
345         }
346 }
347
348 void handle_directory(FILE *fp, DatabaseReceiver *receiver)
349 {
350         db_directory dummy;
351         if (fread(&dummy, sizeof(dummy), 1, fp) != 1) {
352                 if (feof(fp)) {
353                         return;
354                 } else {
355                         perror("fread");
356                 }
357         }
358
359         string dir_path = read_cstr(fp);
360         if (dir_path == "/") {
361                 dir_path = "";
362         }
363
364         for (;;) {
365                 int type = getc(fp);
366                 if (type == DBE_NORMAL) {
367                         string filename = read_cstr(fp);
368                         receiver->add_file(dir_path + "/" + filename);
369                 } else if (type == DBE_DIRECTORY) {
370                         string dirname = read_cstr(fp);
371                         receiver->add_file(dir_path + "/" + dirname);
372                 } else {
373                         return;  // Probably end.
374                 }
375         }
376 }
377
378 void read_mlocate(FILE *fp, DatabaseReceiver *receiver)
379 {
380         if (fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0) {
381                 perror("fseek");
382                 exit(1);
383         }
384
385         db_header hdr;
386         if (fread(&hdr, sizeof(hdr), 1, fp) != 1) {
387                 perror("short read");
388                 exit(1);
389         }
390
391         // TODO: Care about the base path.
392         string path = read_cstr(fp);
393         while (!feof(fp)) {
394                 handle_directory(fp, receiver);
395         }
396 }
397
398 string zstd_compress(const string &src, ZSTD_CDict *cdict, string *tempbuf)
399 {
400         static ZSTD_CCtx *ctx = nullptr;
401         if (ctx == nullptr) {
402                 ctx = ZSTD_createCCtx();
403         }
404
405         size_t max_size = ZSTD_compressBound(src.size());
406         if (tempbuf->size() < max_size) {
407                 tempbuf->resize(max_size);
408         }
409         size_t size;
410         if (cdict == nullptr) {
411                 size = ZSTD_compressCCtx(ctx, &(*tempbuf)[0], max_size, src.data(), src.size(), /*level=*/6);
412         } else {
413                 size = ZSTD_compress_usingCDict(ctx, &(*tempbuf)[0], max_size, src.data(), src.size(), cdict);
414         }
415         return string(tempbuf->data(), size);
416 }
417
418 bool is_prime(uint32_t x)
419 {
420         if ((x % 2) == 0 || (x % 3) == 0) {
421                 return false;
422         }
423         uint32_t limit = ceil(sqrt(x));
424         for (uint32_t factor = 5; factor <= limit; ++factor) {
425                 if ((x % factor) == 0) {
426                         return false;
427                 }
428         }
429         return true;
430 }
431
432 uint32_t next_prime(uint32_t x)
433 {
434         if ((x % 2) == 0) {
435                 ++x;
436         }
437         while (!is_prime(x)) {
438                 x += 2;
439         }
440         return x;
441 }
442
443 unique_ptr<Trigram[]> create_hashtable(Corpus &corpus, const vector<uint32_t> &all_trigrams, uint32_t ht_size, uint32_t num_overflow_slots)
444 {
445         unique_ptr<Trigram[]> ht(new Trigram[ht_size + num_overflow_slots + 1]);  // 1 for the sentinel element at the end.
446         for (unsigned i = 0; i < ht_size + num_overflow_slots + 1; ++i) {
447                 ht[i].trgm = uint32_t(-1);
448                 ht[i].num_docids = 0;
449                 ht[i].offset = 0;
450         }
451         for (uint32_t trgm : all_trigrams) {
452                 // We don't know offset yet, so set it to zero.
453                 Trigram to_insert{ trgm, uint32_t(corpus.get_pl_builder(trgm).num_docids), 0 };
454
455                 uint32_t bucket = hash_trigram(trgm, ht_size);
456                 unsigned distance = 0;
457                 while (ht[bucket].num_docids != 0) {
458                         // Robin Hood hashing; reduces the longest distance by a lot.
459                         unsigned other_distance = bucket - hash_trigram(ht[bucket].trgm, ht_size);
460                         if (distance > other_distance) {
461                                 swap(to_insert, ht[bucket]);
462                                 distance = other_distance;
463                         }
464
465                         ++bucket, ++distance;
466                         if (distance > num_overflow_slots) {
467                                 return nullptr;
468                         }
469                 }
470                 ht[bucket] = to_insert;
471         }
472         return ht;
473 }
474
475 void do_build(const char *infile, const char *outfile, int block_size)
476 {
477         steady_clock::time_point start __attribute__((unused)) = steady_clock::now();
478
479         FILE *infp = fopen(infile, "rb");
480         if (infp == nullptr) {
481                 perror(infile);
482                 exit(1);
483         }
484
485         umask(0027);
486         FILE *outfp = fopen(outfile, "wb");
487         if (outfp == nullptr) {
488                 perror(outfile);
489                 exit(1);
490         }
491
492         // Write the header.
493         Header hdr;
494         memcpy(hdr.magic, "\0plocate", 8);
495         hdr.version = -1;  // Mark as broken.
496         hdr.hashtable_size = 0;  // Not known yet.
497         hdr.extra_ht_slots = num_overflow_slots;
498         hdr.num_docids = 0;
499         hdr.hash_table_offset_bytes = -1;  // We don't know these offsets yet.
500         hdr.max_version = 1;
501         hdr.filename_index_offset_bytes = -1;
502         hdr.zstd_dictionary_length_bytes = -1;
503         fwrite(&hdr, sizeof(hdr), 1, outfp);
504
505         // Train the dictionary by sampling real blocks.
506         // The documentation for ZDICT_trainFromBuffer() claims that a reasonable
507         // dictionary size is ~100 kB, but 1 kB seems to actually compress better for us,
508         // and decompress just as fast.
509         DictionaryBuilder builder(/*blocks_to_keep=*/1000, block_size);
510         read_mlocate(infp, &builder);
511         string dictionary = builder.train(1024);
512         ZSTD_CDict *cdict = ZSTD_createCDict(dictionary.data(), dictionary.size(), /*level=*/6);
513
514         hdr.zstd_dictionary_offset_bytes = ftell(outfp);
515         fwrite(dictionary.data(), dictionary.size(), 1, outfp);
516         hdr.zstd_dictionary_length_bytes = dictionary.size();
517
518         Corpus corpus(outfp, block_size, cdict);
519         read_mlocate(infp, &corpus);
520         fclose(infp);
521
522         if (false) {  // To read a plain text file.
523                 FILE *fp = fopen(infile, "r");
524                 while (!feof(fp)) {
525                         char buf[1024];
526                         if (fgets(buf, 1024, fp) == nullptr || feof(fp)) {
527                                 break;
528                         }
529                         string s(buf);
530                         if (s.back() == '\n')
531                                 s.pop_back();
532                         corpus.add_file(move(s));
533                 }
534                 fclose(fp);
535         }
536         corpus.flush_block();
537         dprintf("Read %zu files from %s\n", corpus.num_files, infile);
538         hdr.num_docids = corpus.filename_blocks.size();
539
540         // Stick an empty block at the end as sentinel.
541         corpus.filename_blocks.push_back(ftell(outfp));
542         const size_t bytes_for_filenames = corpus.filename_blocks.back() - corpus.filename_blocks.front();
543
544         // Write the offsets to the filenames.
545         hdr.filename_index_offset_bytes = ftell(outfp);
546         const size_t bytes_for_filename_index = corpus.filename_blocks.size() * sizeof(uint64_t);
547         fwrite(corpus.filename_blocks.data(), corpus.filename_blocks.size(), sizeof(uint64_t), outfp);
548         corpus.filename_blocks.clear();
549         corpus.filename_blocks.shrink_to_fit();
550
551         // Finish up encoding the posting lists.
552         size_t trigrams = 0, longest_posting_list = 0;
553         size_t bytes_for_posting_lists = 0;
554         for (unsigned trgm = 0; trgm < NUM_TRIGRAMS; ++trgm) {
555                 if (!corpus.seen_trigram(trgm))
556                         continue;
557                 PostingListBuilder &pl_builder = corpus.get_pl_builder(trgm);
558                 pl_builder.finish();
559                 longest_posting_list = max(longest_posting_list, pl_builder.num_docids);
560                 trigrams += pl_builder.num_docids;
561                 bytes_for_posting_lists += pl_builder.encoded.size();
562         }
563         size_t num_trigrams = corpus.num_trigrams();
564         dprintf("%zu files, %zu different trigrams, %zu entries, avg len %.2f, longest %zu\n",
565                 corpus.num_files, num_trigrams, trigrams, double(trigrams) / num_trigrams, longest_posting_list);
566         dprintf("%zu bytes used for posting lists (%.2f bits/entry)\n", bytes_for_posting_lists, 8 * bytes_for_posting_lists / double(trigrams));
567
568         dprintf("Building posting lists took %.1f ms.\n\n", 1e3 * duration<float>(steady_clock::now() - start).count());
569
570         // Find the used trigrams.
571         vector<uint32_t> all_trigrams;
572         for (unsigned trgm = 0; trgm < NUM_TRIGRAMS; ++trgm) {
573                 if (corpus.seen_trigram(trgm)) {
574                         all_trigrams.push_back(trgm);
575                 }
576         }
577
578         // Create the hash table.
579         unique_ptr<Trigram[]> hashtable;
580         uint32_t ht_size = next_prime(all_trigrams.size());
581         for (;;) {
582                 hashtable = create_hashtable(corpus, all_trigrams, ht_size, num_overflow_slots);
583                 if (hashtable == nullptr) {
584                         dprintf("Failed creating hash table of size %u, increasing by 5%% and trying again.\n", ht_size);
585                         ht_size = next_prime(ht_size * 1.05);
586                 } else {
587                         dprintf("Created hash table of size %u.\n\n", ht_size);
588                         break;
589                 }
590         }
591
592         // Find the offsets for each posting list.
593         size_t bytes_for_hashtable = (ht_size + num_overflow_slots + 1) * sizeof(Trigram);
594         uint64_t offset = ftell(outfp) + bytes_for_hashtable;
595         for (unsigned i = 0; i < ht_size + num_overflow_slots + 1; ++i) {
596                 hashtable[i].offset = offset;  // Needs to be there even for empty slots.
597                 if (hashtable[i].num_docids == 0) {
598                         continue;
599                 }
600
601                 const string &encoded = corpus.get_pl_builder(hashtable[i].trgm).encoded;
602                 offset += encoded.size();
603         }
604
605         // Write the hash table.
606         hdr.hash_table_offset_bytes = ftell(outfp);
607         hdr.hashtable_size = ht_size;
608         fwrite(hashtable.get(), ht_size + num_overflow_slots + 1, sizeof(Trigram), outfp);
609
610         // Write the actual posting lists.
611         for (unsigned i = 0; i < ht_size + num_overflow_slots + 1; ++i) {
612                 if (hashtable[i].num_docids == 0) {
613                         continue;
614                 }
615                 const string &encoded = corpus.get_pl_builder(hashtable[i].trgm).encoded;
616                 fwrite(encoded.data(), encoded.size(), 1, outfp);
617         }
618
619         // Rewind, and write the updated header.
620         hdr.version = 1;
621         fseek(outfp, 0, SEEK_SET);
622         fwrite(&hdr, sizeof(hdr), 1, outfp);
623         fclose(outfp);
624
625         size_t total_bytes __attribute__((unused)) = (bytes_for_hashtable + bytes_for_posting_lists + bytes_for_filename_index + bytes_for_filenames);
626
627         dprintf("Block size:     %7d files\n", block_size);
628         dprintf("Dictionary:     %'7.1f MB\n", dictionary.size() / 1048576.0);
629         dprintf("Hash table:     %'7.1f MB\n", bytes_for_hashtable / 1048576.0);
630         dprintf("Posting lists:  %'7.1f MB\n", bytes_for_posting_lists / 1048576.0);
631         dprintf("Filename index: %'7.1f MB\n", bytes_for_filename_index / 1048576.0);
632         dprintf("Filenames:      %'7.1f MB\n", bytes_for_filenames / 1048576.0);
633         dprintf("Total:          %'7.1f MB\n", total_bytes / 1048576.0);
634         dprintf("\n");
635 }
636
637 void usage()
638 {
639         printf(
640                 "Usage: plocate-build MLOCATE_DB PLOCATE_DB\n"
641                 "\n"
642                 "Generate plocate index from mlocate.db, typically /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db.\n"
643                 "Normally, the destination should be /var/lib/mlocate/plocate.db.\n"
644                 "\n"
645                 "  -b, --block-size SIZE  number of filenames to store in each block (default 32)\n"
646                 "      --help             print this help\n"
647                 "      --version          print version information\n");
648 }
649
650 void version()
651 {
652         printf("plocate-build %s\n", PLOCATE_VERSION);
653         printf("Copyright 2020 Steinar H. Gunderson\n");
654         printf("License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.\n");
655         printf("This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\n");
656         printf("There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n");
657 }
658
659 int main(int argc, char **argv)
660 {
661         static const struct option long_options[] = {
662                 { "block-size", required_argument, 0, 'b' },
663                 { "help", no_argument, 0, 'h' },
664                 { "version", no_argument, 0, 'V' },
665                 { "debug", no_argument, 0, 'D' },  // Not documented.
666                 { 0, 0, 0, 0 }
667         };
668
669         int block_size = 32;
670
671         setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
672         for (;;) {
673                 int option_index = 0;
674                 int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "b:hVD", long_options, &option_index);
675                 if (c == -1) {
676                         break;
677                 }
678                 switch (c) {
679                 case 'b':
680                         block_size = atoi(optarg);
681                         break;
682                 case 'h':
683                         usage();
684                         exit(0);
685                 case 'V':
686                         version();
687                         exit(0);
688                 case 'D':
689                         use_debug = true;
690                         break;
691                 default:
692                         exit(1);
693                 }
694         }
695
696         if (argc - optind != 2) {
697                 usage();
698                 exit(1);
699         }
700
701         do_build(argv[optind], argv[optind + 1], block_size);
702         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
703 }