Clean-up en passant processing

the goal of this PR is to better document how we process
the ep square (if any) given position fen command, and to
output more meaningful (and consistent) debug fen on the "d"
command. The implementation follows
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-FEN#Encoding_en-passant
following x-fen, it is "valid" to record ep even if ep would put king en prise.

fixes #2784

closes https://github.com/official-stockfish/Stockfish/pull/2797

No functional change