4 # Backup up Unix-like computers
8 # This script was first checked into RCS in 2000, and has since backed up a few
9 # servers almost every day, whenever not broken.
11 # It's a bit peculiar, but quite effective. The following is worth keeping in
14 # Because of the way we run this script from cron, informational logging goes
15 # to stderr and warnings and errors to stdout. This way, we get mail whenever
16 # stuff fails, and other output is redirected to the log file.
18 # The script is halfway Norwegian and halfway English. Newer modifications are
19 # in English, we should probably stick to that.
21 # The computer to backup.
25 LOCKFILE=/home/backup/backuprun.lockfile.$computer
26 confdir=/home/backup/conf/ # Configuration files
27 storagedir=/backup # Where we keep backups
28 maxnumfull=3 # Number of full backups
29 daysbetweenfull=30 # Days between full backups
30 daysbetweenfullforfixed=32 # Days between full backups for machines with fixed
31 # full-backup date (in case the fixed day gets missed)
32 DAY_OF_MONTH=`date "+%d" | sed s/^0//` # from 1 to 31
33 DATE=`date "+%Y%m%d%H%M"` #format: touch
34 DATEs=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` #format: tar
37 exclude=$confdir/exclude
38 [ ! -f $exclude ] && printf "tmp\ncore\n" > $exclude
40 if [ -z "$computer" ]; then
41 echo "Usage: $0 COMPUTER"
45 # Die more or less gracefully (at least notify user)
56 echo `date`": $computer: $@"
57 echo `date`": $computer: $@" >&2
60 echo `date`": $computer: $@" >&2
64 trap die SIGINT SIGTERM
66 # Don't start if we're already running
67 if [ -e $LOCKFILE ]; then
68 diemsg "$LOCKFILE exists for pid `cat $LOCKFILE`."
73 infomsg "Backup run starting"
79 infomsg "$computer:$filesystem $backuplevel backup"
81 localsnar="${storagedir}/${computer}/${sfilesystem}/.incremental.snar"
82 remotesnar="$remotehome/.backup/${sfilesystem}.snar"
83 if [ "$backuplevel" = "daglig" ]; then
84 # If incremental backup, we need to copy the incremental status to $computer.
85 # If it does not exist, whine a bit and then run date-based instead.
86 if [ -s "$localsnar" ]; then
87 if ! scp $localsnar $username@$computer:$remotesnar; then
88 diemsg "Could not copy .incremental.snar to $computer"
90 lastcmd="--listed-incremental=$remotesnar --no-check-device"
92 infomsg "Missing incremental.snar for $filesystem, doing date-based backup instead until next full backup"
95 lastcmd="--newer='$lastd'"
98 # Note: Since we rm-ed .backup previously, and we don't scp over
99 # anything in this branch, this file will not exist, and we
100 # will be doing a full backup (but we want the output of it).
101 lastcmd="--listed-incremental=$remotesnar"
104 # We try to run tar on the remote computer
106 # C change to directory first
107 # . where to start taring (see C)
108 # $lastcmd only files newer than this
109 # --one-file-system don't traverse file systems
110 # --use-compress-program compress it using gzip or pigz
111 # --exclude-from file to get exclusion pattern from
112 # Pipe the stuff over ssh to ourselves, run pee to cat the contents to a
113 # file and build a file list, respectivly.
115 TARCMD="ssh $username@$computer \"nice -n 19 ionice -c3 tar --one-file-system --use-compress-program $compressor -cf - -C $filesystem . $lastcmd \
116 --exclude-from=$remotehome/.backup/exclude\" | pee \"cat > $TARFILE\" \"tar tzvf -\""
117 infomsg "Running $TARCMD"
118 eval $TARCMD > $DATE.idx
120 if [ $? -eq 0 ] && [ -s $TARFILE ]; then
121 # File is >0 in size and neither cat or tar tzvf failed; we assume it worked.
123 if [ "$remotesnar" ]; then
124 if ! scp $username@$computer:$remotesnar $localsnar.tmp; then
125 diemsg "Could not copy .incremental.snar from $computer"
129 # Move tar file in place
130 mv $TARFILE $DATE.tgz
131 if [ "$remotesnar" ]; then
132 mv $localsnar.tmp $localsnar
136 echo $DATEs > ../.date && touch -t $DATE ../.date
139 chmod 600 *tgz #only for us
140 chmod 644 *idx 2>/dev/null #everyone can read
142 # Let the remote computer know that we ran a successful backup (for nagios)
143 ssh $username@$computer touch $filesystem/.lastbackup
145 # Something wrong happened.
147 diemsg "tar failed or $TARFILE empty. $backuplevel backup of $computer:$filesystem failed and deleted"
151 # Non-privileged backups currently have a few limitations compared to regular ones:
154 # - No .snar-style incremental backups, only date-based.
155 # - No touching of .lastbackup for Nagios.
158 infomsg "$computer:$filesystem $backuplevel non-privileged backup"
160 if [ "$backuplevel" = "daglig" ]; then
168 TARCMD="ssh $username@$computer \"sudo /usr/local/sbin/output-encrypted-backup $filesystem $lastcmd\""
169 infomsg "Running $TARCMD"
170 eval $TARCMD > $TARFILE
172 if [ $? -lt 2 ] && [ -s $TARFILE ]; then
173 # File is >0 in size and the remote tar did not report any fatal errors; we assume it worked.
175 # Move tar file in place
176 mv $TARFILE $DATE.tgz.gpg
179 echo $DATEs > ../.date && touch -t $DATE ../.date
182 chmod 600 *tgz.gpg #only for us
184 # Something wrong happened.
186 diemsg "tar failed or $TARFILE empty. $backuplevel backup of $computer:$filesystem failed and deleted"
190 # Check that the target filesystem is mounted (actually check that it's not
191 # the root filesystem)
192 if [ ! -d "$storagedir/$computer" ]; then
193 diemsg "Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) does not exist."
195 rootfilesystem=`df -P /`
196 targetfilesystem=`df -P "$storagedir/$computer"`
197 if [ "$rootfilesystem" == "$targetfilesystem" ]; then
198 diemsg "Target filesystem ($storagedir/$computer) was mounted on /."
201 # Find the user to do the backup as.
202 if [ -f $confdir/username.$computer ] ; then
203 username=`cat $confdir/username.$computer`
208 infomsg "Backing up $computer"
210 # Try to SSH to the computer without entering a password.
211 if ! ssh -n -o NumberOfPasswordPrompts=0 $username@$computer /bin/true; then
212 diemsg "Could not use passwordless SSH."
215 # Find the home directory of the backup user
216 remotehome=`ssh $username@$computer "echo ~"`
217 if [ -z "$remotehome" ]; then
218 diemsg "Could not expand ~ for user $username"
221 # Check if pigz is available
222 if ssh -n $username@$computer "pigz -V 2>/dev/null"; then
225 infomsg "pigz missing; falling back to gzip."
229 # Check dump bit in fstab
230 filesystems=`ssh -n $username@$computer "cat /etc/fstab" \
234 | awk '{ if ( $(NF-1) != "0" ) print $2}' `
236 # Clean up our dir at this client
237 if ! ssh $username@$computer "rm -r $remotehome/.backup ; mkdir -m 700 $remotehome/.backup"; then
238 diemsg "Could not create backup staging area at $computer:$remotehome/.backup"
241 # Try to copy $exclude to $computer
242 if ! scp $exclude $username@$computer:$remotehome/.backup/exclude > /dev/null; then
243 diemsg "Could not copy exclude.txt to $computer"
246 # Try to copy preeexec and postexec if they exist
247 if [ -f $confdir/preexec.$computer ]; then
248 if ! scp $confdir/preexec.$computer $username@$computer:$remotehome/.backup/preexec >&2; then
249 diemsg "Could not copy preexec.$computer to $computer:$remotehome/.backup/preexec"
252 if [ -f $confdir/postexec.$computer ]; then
253 if ! scp $confdir/postexec.$computer $username@$computer:$remotehome/.backup/postexec >&2; then
254 diemsg "Could not copy postexec.$computer to $computer:$remotehome/.backup/postexec"
258 # Try to run preexec if it exists
259 if ! ssh $username@$computer "[ ! -f $remotehome/.backup/preexec ] || /bin/bash -x $remotehome/.backup/preexec" >&2; then
260 diemsg "Could not run $computer:$remotehome/.backup/preexec"
263 for filesystem in $filesystems; do
264 # Remove / and $ (for Windows) for path names
265 sfilesystem=`echo $filesystem | tr '\/\$' '__'`
267 # Prepare storage area
268 mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full 2>/dev/null
269 mkdir -m 755 -p $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig 2>/dev/null
271 # Default backuplevel
274 if [ ! -s $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/.date ]; then
275 # Take the first full backup of this filesystem on this computer
279 # Check if we want a full backup
280 if [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem ]; then
281 fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfullforfixed
282 if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer.$sfilesystem`" ]; then
285 elif [ -f $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer ]; then
286 fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfullforfixed
287 if [ "$DAY_OF_MONTH" = "`cat $confdir/fastfullbackupdag.$computer`" ]; then
291 fullbackup_min_for_this_machine=$daysbetweenfull
294 if [ -z "`find $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/ -name \*tgz\* -mtime -$fullbackup_min_for_this_machine`" ]; then
299 cd $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevel || diemsg "$storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/$backuplevel does not exist"
301 # Perform the actual backup
302 if [ "$username" = "root" ]; then
308 # Check if this box has a custom number of full backups
309 if [ -f $confdir/maksfulle.$computer.$sfilesystem ]; then
310 mf=$((`cat $confdir/maksfulle.$computer`+1))
311 elif [ -f $confdir/maksfulle.$computer ] ; then
312 mf=$((`cat $confdir/maksfulle.$computer`+1))
314 mf=$(($maxnumfull+1))
317 # Delete old full backups
318 for full in `ls -1t $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz* | tail -n +$mf`; do
319 prefix=`echo $full | sed "s/\.[^.]*$//"`
320 infomsg "$computer:$filesystem Deleting full backup $prefix"
324 # Delete incremental backups older than the oldest full backup
325 oldf=`ls -t1 $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/full/*tgz* | tail -1`
327 $storagedir/$computer/$sfilesystem/daglig \
330 -printf "`date`: $computer: Deleting old incremental backup: %p\n" \
334 # Try to run postexec if it exist
335 if ! ssh $username@$computer "[ ! -f $remotehome/.backup/postexec ] || /bin/bash -x $remotehome/.backup/postexec" >&2; then
336 diemsg "Could not run $computer:$remotehome/.backup/postexec"
339 # Use warn so that we will get an email even on success.
340 warnmsg "Backup completed successfully."